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Peru Languages: Difference between revisions

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Most materials used in Peruvian research are written in Spanish. However, you do not need to speak or read Spanish to do research in Peruvian records. You will need to know some key words and phrases to understand the records, however.
{{CountrySidebar
|Country=Peru
|Name=Peru
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|Topic Type=Background
|Background=Languages
|Rating=Standardized
}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[Peru Genealogy|Peru]]
| link2=
| link3=
| link4=
| link5=[[Peru Languages|Languages]]
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Because of Peru’s history, Roman Catholic records are the most common. You may find other languages in Peruvian records for areas with large populations of German, Italian, Japanese, and other immigrants.  
==Description==
Official languages of Peru are <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Peru," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru#:~:text=Peru's%20official%20languages, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref> <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Peru," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Peru, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_Spanish '''Spanish'''] - or '''Peruvian Spanish'''. Spoken natively by 82.6% of the population. Used by the government, media, education systems, and commerce.
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechuan_languages '''Quechuan'''] - spoken by 13.9% of the population. Spoken by Amerindians living in the Andean highlands.
** [https://omniglot.com/writing/quechua.htm#:~:text=Varities%20of%20Quechua Varities of Quechua]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymaran_languages '''Aymara'''] - spoken by 1.7% of the population.


Spanish grammar affects the way names appear in genealogical records. For help in understanding name variations, see the “Names, Personal” section of this outline.  
There are four Peruvian dialects <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Peruvian Spanish," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', four Peruvian dialects, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_Spanish '''Andean Spanish''']
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_Ribere%C3%B1o_Spanish '''Peruvian Coastal Spanish''']
* '''Andean-Coastal Spanish'''
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazonic_Spanish '''Amazonic Spanish''']


=== Language Aids  ===
Some of the indigenous languages spoken in Peru include
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ash%C3%A1ninka_language '''Asháninka''']
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bora_language '''Bora''']
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguaruna_language '''Aguaruna''']
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Peru#:~:text=Indigenous%20languages%20of%20Peru '''Indigenous languages of Peru''']


To learn phrases useful for writing genealogical query letters to Peru see the [[Spanish Letter Writing Guide]] on the Internet.
Spanish is more predominant along the coast of Peru. The indigenous populations living east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects (estimated at 50).


The Family History Library provides the following genealogical word lists on the Wiki:
Most materials used in Peruvian research are written in Spanish. However, you do not need to speak or read Spanish to do research in Peruvian records. You will need to know some keywords and phrases to understand the records, however. Because of Peru’s history, Roman Catholic records are the most common. You may find other languages in Peruvian records for areas with large populations of German, Italian, Japanese, and other immigrants. Spanish grammar affects the way names appear in genealogical records. For help in understanding name variations, see [[Peru Names, Personal]].


*[[Spanish Genealogical Word List]]
==Word List(s)==
*[[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]]
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/spanish.php#:~:text=Useful%20Spanish%20phrases Useful Spanish phrases] - Omniglot
*[[Latin Genealogical Word List]]
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/quechua.php#:~:text=Useful%20phrases%20in%20Cuzco%20Quechua Useful phrases in Cuzco Quechua] - Omniglot
*[[Poland Language and Languages|Polish Genealogical Word List]]
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/aymara.htm#:~:text=Useful%20phrases%20in%20Aymara Useful phrases in Aymara] - Omniglot
*[[Portuguese Genealogical Word List]]
* [http://www.native-languages.org/ashaninka_words.htm Ashaninka Words] - Native-Languages.org
*[[France Language and Languages|French Genealogical Word List]]
* [http://www.native-languages.org/aguaruna_words.htm Aguaruna Words] - Native-Languages.org
* [[Spanish Genealogical Word List|Spanish Genealogical Word List]]  
* [[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]]  
* [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]]  
* [[Poland Language and Languages|Polish Genealogical Word List]]  
* [[Portuguese Genealogical Word List|Portuguese Genealogical Word List]]  
* [[France Language and Languages|French Genealogical Word List]]


The following books and English-Spanish dictionaries can also aid you in your research. You can find these and similar material at many research libraries:
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Alphabet'''
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm#:~:text=Spanish%20alphabet Spanish alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/quechua.htm#:~:text=Classical%20Quechua%20alphabet Classical Quechua alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/ayacuchoquechua.htm#:~:text=Ayacucho%20Quechua%20alphabet Ayacucho Quechua alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/cuzcoquechua.htm#:~:text=Cuzco%20Quechua%20alphabet Cuzco Quechua alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/aymara.htm#:~:text=The%20Aymara%20Official%20Alphabet The Aymara Official Alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/ashaninka.htm#:~:text=Ash%C3%A1ninka%20alphabet Asháninka alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/bora.htm#:~:text=Bora%20alphabet Bora alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/aguaruna.htm#:~:text=Aguaruna%20alphabet Aguaruna alphabet] - Omniglot


Blanco Garcia, Vicente. Diccionario ilustrado latinoespanol y espanol-latino (Illustrated Dictionary Latin-Spanish and Spanish-Latin). Madrid: Aguilar, 1968. (FHL book 473.61 B598d.)
'''Pronunciation'''
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm#:~:text=Pronunciation Spanish Pronunciation] - Omniglot
* [https://forvo.com/languages/es/ Spanish pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/ayacuchoquechua.htm#:~:text=Ayacucho%20Quechua%20alphabet%20and%20pronunciation Ayacucho Quechua pronunciation] - Omniglot
* [https://forvo.com/languages/qu/ Quechua pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo
* [https://forvo.com/languages/ay/ Aymara pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/ashaninka.htm#:~:text=Ash%C3%A1ninka%20alphabet%20%26%20pronunciation Asháninka pronunciation] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/bora.htm#:~:text=Bora%20alphabet%20and%20pronunciation Bora pronunciation] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/aguaruna.htm#:~:text=Aguaruna%20alphabet%20and%20pronunciation Aguaruna alphabet and pronunciation] - Omniglot


Cassell’s Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary. New York: Macmillian Publishing Company, 1978. (FHL book 463.21 C272c.)
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''Dictionaries'''
* Gonzales, Odi, Christine Mladic Janney, and Emily F Thompson. ''Quechua-Spanish-English dictionary : a trilingual reference.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1062396131 WorldCat].
* Stanford, Olivia, Anwesha Dutta, Shambhavi Thatte, and Shalini Agrawal. ''First Spanish dictionary.'' New York, New York: DK Publishing, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/990286853 WorldCat].
* Jarman, Beatriz Galimberti, Roy Russell, Carol Styles Carvajal, and Nicholas Rollin. ''The Oxford Spanish dictionary : Spanish-English, English-Spanish.'' New York: Oxford University Press Inc, 2008. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/212894272 WorldCat].
* Dutton, Brian, L. P. Harvey, and Roger M. Walker. ''Cassell's concise Spanish-English, English-Spanish dictionary.'' Macmillan, London, New York: Cassell, 1977. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/2963889 WorldCat].
* Wold, Lillian Ramos. ''Compilation of colonial Spanish terms and document related phrases.'' Fullerton, California: Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research, 1996. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/866717366 WorldCat].


Ramos Wold, Lillian, and Ophelia Marquez. Compilation of Colonial Spanish Terms and Document Related Phrases. Fullerton, Calif.: Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research, 1996. (FHL book 467.97203 W83c.)
'''Online Dictionaries'''
* [https://glosbe.com/en/es Dictionary English - Spanish] - Glosbe
* [https://glosbe.com/en/qu Dictionary English - Quechua] - Glosbe
* [https://glosbe.com/en/ay Dictionary English - Aymara] - Glosbe
* [https://glosbe.com/en/cni Dictionary English - Asháninka] - Glosbe
* [https://glosbe.com/boa/en Dictionary Bora - English] - Glosbe
* [https://glosbe.com/en/agr Dictionary English - Aguaruna] - Glosbe


Additional language aids, including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods, are listed in the Family History Library Catalog in the “Locality” section under:  
'''Language Aids'''
* García, Teresa Alvarez and Susie Beattie. ''Collins Spanish dictionary & grammar.'' Glasgow, Scotland: Collins, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1041174756 WorldCat].
* Schmitt, Conrad J. ''Spanish grammar.'' New York: McGraw-Hill, 2014. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/856186996 WorldCat].
* Zollo, Mike and Alan Wesson. ''Spanish grammar made easy.'' Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/975371588 WorldCat].


:PERU - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES
==Additional Resources==
* [https://omniglot.com/language/articles/latin_american_spanish.htm#:~:text=Latin%20American%20Spanish%20or%20Spanish%20For%20Latin%20America Latin American Spanish or Spanish For Latin America] - Omniglot


Some dictionaries can also be found in the “Subject” section under:
== References  ==
{{reflist}}


:SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES


:SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES ENGLISH
[[es:Idiomas de Perú]]
 
[[Category:Peru]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Peru]] [[Category:Language_and_Languages]]

Latest revision as of 20:06, 20 March 2024


Peru Wiki Topics
Flag of Peru
Peru Beginning Research
Record Types
Peru Background
Peru Genealogical Word Lists
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources

Description

Official languages of Peru are [1] [2]

  • Spanish - or Peruvian Spanish. Spoken natively by 82.6% of the population. Used by the government, media, education systems, and commerce.
  • Quechuan - spoken by 13.9% of the population. Spoken by Amerindians living in the Andean highlands.
  • Aymara - spoken by 1.7% of the population.

There are four Peruvian dialects [3]

Some of the indigenous languages spoken in Peru include

Spanish is more predominant along the coast of Peru. The indigenous populations living east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects (estimated at 50).

Most materials used in Peruvian research are written in Spanish. However, you do not need to speak or read Spanish to do research in Peruvian records. You will need to know some keywords and phrases to understand the records, however. Because of Peru’s history, Roman Catholic records are the most common. You may find other languages in Peruvian records for areas with large populations of German, Italian, Japanese, and other immigrants. Spanish grammar affects the way names appear in genealogical records. For help in understanding name variations, see Peru Names, Personal.

Word List(s)

Alphabet and Pronunciation

Alphabet

Pronunciation

Language Aids and Dictionaries

Dictionaries

  • Gonzales, Odi, Christine Mladic Janney, and Emily F Thompson. Quechua-Spanish-English dictionary : a trilingual reference. New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc, 2018. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Stanford, Olivia, Anwesha Dutta, Shambhavi Thatte, and Shalini Agrawal. First Spanish dictionary. New York, New York: DK Publishing, 2018. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Jarman, Beatriz Galimberti, Roy Russell, Carol Styles Carvajal, and Nicholas Rollin. The Oxford Spanish dictionary : Spanish-English, English-Spanish. New York: Oxford University Press Inc, 2008. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Dutton, Brian, L. P. Harvey, and Roger M. Walker. Cassell's concise Spanish-English, English-Spanish dictionary. Macmillan, London, New York: Cassell, 1977. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Wold, Lillian Ramos. Compilation of colonial Spanish terms and document related phrases. Fullerton, California: Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research, 1996. Available at: WorldCat.

Online Dictionaries

Language Aids

  • García, Teresa Alvarez and Susie Beattie. Collins Spanish dictionary & grammar. Glasgow, Scotland: Collins, 2018. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Schmitt, Conrad J. Spanish grammar. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2014. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Zollo, Mike and Alan Wesson. Spanish grammar made easy. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2018. Available at: WorldCat.

Additional Resources

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Peru," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru#:~:text=Peru's%20official%20languages, accessed 15 May 2023.
  2. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Peru," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Peru, accessed 15 May 2023.
  3. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Peruvian Spanish," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, four Peruvian dialects, accessed 15 May 2023.
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