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== Why Family History? ==
Return to [[Main Page]]


Why do members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints do family history research? They do it because they are motivated by a love of their heritage. 
== Purpose of the Guide  ==


=== PURPOSE ===
The purpose of this guide is to help you discover your ancestry using the records available in the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or one of the more than two thousand FamilySearch centers located throughout the world.


The purpose of this guide is to help you discover your ancestry using the records available in the Family History Library, the FamilySearch™ Center, or one of the more than two thousand family history centers located throughout the world.
== FamilySearch Library and Related Services  ==


=== RECORDS AT THE FAMILY HISTORY LIBRARY ===
==== FamilySearch Library  ====


Since it was established in 1894, the Family History Library of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has become the largest of its kind in the world. The library has collected millions of microfilms, thousands of microfiche and books, and many other records. Most of the microfilms have been acquired through an extensive microfilming program that began in 1938. Microfilmers are presently filming original documents in churches, courthouses, and other archives in many countries. The originals of these microfilms are preserved in a vault in the mountains near Salt Lake City. Copies of the microfilms are available for use at the Family History Library and at family history centers.
Since it was established in 1894, the FamilySearch Library of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has become the largest of its kind in the world. The library has collected millions of microfilms, thousands of microfiche and books, and many other records. Most of the microfilms have been acquired through an extensive microfilming program that began in 1938. Microfilmers are presently filming original documents in churches, courthouses, and other archives in many countries. The originals of these microfilms are preserved in a vault in the mountains near Salt Lake City. The library is located at 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah. The telephone number is 1-866-406-1830; Email address fhl@familysearch.org.<br>


Some of the information collected by the library is available on a computer system called FamilySearch™. This information is stored on compact discs. If you are unfamiliar with computers, there is a program available on the computer to help you learn about using FamilySearch.
Copies of the microfilms are available for use at the FamilySearch Library and in some [https://www.familysearch.org/en/centers/about FamilySearch centers]. The FamilySearch Library is designed to help individuals who need help in learning and searching records to extend their family lines. Some information collected by the library is available on the Internet at [https://www.familysearch.org/ FamilySearch].<br>


=== SERVICES AND RESOURCES ===
==== FamilySearch Centers  ====


Library employees and family history center volunteers can help you use the records. They can't do research for you, but they will help you use the records to do your own research.
[https://www.familysearch.org/centers/locations/ FamilySearch Centers] are located throughout the world. Each has a basic collection of records and research publications to assist researchers. Each center has computers with Internet access.<br>


=== FamilySearch™ Center ===
==== Services and Resources  ====


The FamilySearch™ Center is designed to introduce individuals unacquainted with family history to the joy and excitement of discovering their ancestors. The center, located in the Joseph Smith Memorial Building at 15 East South Temple Street in Salt Lake City, has FamilySearch computers, the United States 1920 census, and other records designed to assist the beginning researcher.
Workers in the Library and FamilySearch center can help you learn how to use the records. They can't do research for you, but can help you use the library's catalog to locate records or Websites, to do your own research.


=== Family History Library ===
==== FamilySearch Center  ====


The Family History Library is designed to help individuals experienced in family history research who need information from many records to extend their family lines. Most of the records more advanced researchers need are available at the library, which is located at 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah.
The FamilySearch Center is designed to introduce individuals unacquainted with family history to experience the excitement of discovering their ancestors. The center, located in the Joseph Smith Memorial Building at 15 East South Temple Street in Salt Lake City, has access to the Internet.<br>


=== Family History Centers ===
== Research Process  ==


[[Introduction to LDS Family History Centers|Family history centers]] are located throughout the world. Each has a basic collection of records and research publications to assist researchers. Each center has computers with Internet access. Most records available on microfilm or microfiche at the Family History Library may be ordered for use at the centers.
Family History research involves five basic steps. Each step is explained below. Staff members in the FamilySearch Library or FamilySearch centers will be glad to help you complete these steps. A Research Overview is available as a [https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/switzerland-online-gazetteer-ortsnamenvideo presentation] to introduce you to the research process.  


=== RESEARCH PROCESS ===
[[Image:Research Guide1.jpg|Research Guide1]]


Family History Research involves five basic steps (see chart below).
=== 1. Identify What You Know About Your Family ===


Each step is explained on the following pages. Staff members will be glad to help you complete these steps. It is helpful if you have already done steps 1 and 2 before coming.
[[Image:Research Guide Chart1.jpg|Research Guide Chart1]]


In addition to this booklet, the video presentation A Guide to Research is also available to introduce you to the research process.
==== Fill Out a Pedigree Chart and Family Group Record  ====


[[Image:Research Guide1.bmp|Research_Guide1]]
Recall as much information as you can about yourself and your family members. Record what you know on [[Use Appropriate Forms|pedigree charts and family group sheets]]. Estimate dates and places if necessary.
<!--{12053733891400} -->


== 1. IDENTIFY WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT YOUR FAMILY ==
*A pedigree chart provides space to record information on four generations: yourself, your parents, your grandparents, and your great-grandparents.  
*A family group record provides space to record information about the parents and children of a family. You can also record the source of your information. Fill out a family group record for each couple on your pedigree chart.<br>


[[Image:Research Guide Chart1.bmp|Research_Guide_Chart1]]
==== Gather Additional Information  ====


=== FILL OUT A PEDIGREE CHART AND FAMILY GROUP RECORD ===
If you need more information, gather information from sources in your home or from a relative. Look for copies of birth, marriage, and death certificates; journals; scrapbooks; old letters; family Bibles; photographs; school records; military records; obituaries; deeds; and wills. Record on your pedigree chart and family group sheet any new information you find.


Recall as much information as you can about yourself and your family members. Record what you know on pedigree charts and family group records. Estimate dates and places if necessary.
You may want to keep notes about your family history on a separate sheet of paper. These notes could be biographical information such as military service; education; social or economic status; migrations; participation in community, social, religious, or historical events; or physical descriptions.  


* Write names as: Benjamin BLAKE
==== Organize Your Records  ====
* Write dates as: 12 Mar. 1815
* Write places as: Blandford, Dorset, England


A pedigree chart provides space to record information on four generations: yourself, your parents, your grandparents, and your great-grandparents.
Organize your records for easy access (see step 5 for suggestions on organizing).  


A family group record provides space to record information about the parents and children of a family. You can also record the source of your information. Fill out a family group record for each couple on your pedigree chart.
=== 2. Decide What You Want to Learn About Your Family  ===


If you do not have a pedigree chart or family group record, you can use the ones in the back of this guide. Family group records and pedigree charts are also available for purchase.
[[Image:Research Guide Chart2.jpg|Research Guide Chart2]]


Click here to view and print a family group sheet.
==== Select an Ancestor  ====


=== GATHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ===
Select one ancestor you would like to learn more about. Begin with an ancestor for whom you already have some information. You will need at least his surname and some idea of when and where he lived. If possible, select an ancestor born before 1920, because most of the library's records date from before 1920. A staff member can help you.


If you need more information, you may want to gather information from sources in your home or from a relative. Look for journals; scrapbooks; old letters; family Bibles; copies of birth, marriage, and death certificates; photographs; school records; military records; obituaries; deeds; and wills. Record on your pedigree chart and family group record any new information you find.
To select an ancestor, look at the entries on your pedigree chart that have one of the following problems:


You may want to keep notes about your family history on a separate sheet of paper. These notes could be biographical information such as military service; education; social or economic status; migrations; participation in community, social, religious, or historical events; or physical descriptions.
*'''Missing information:''' names, dates, or places are missing.  
*'''Incomplete information:''' part of a name, date, or place is missing.
*'''Unverified information:''' information cannot be traced to a credible source (that is, someone who would have known the information first hand).
*'''Conflicting information:''' information from two sources does not agree.


=== ORGANIZE YOUR RECORDS ===
==== Select a Research Question  ====


Organize your records for easy access (see step 5 for suggestions on organizing).
Identify questions you want to answer about the person you selected. For example:


== 2. DECIDE WHAT YOU WANT TO LEARN ABOUT YOUR FAMILY ==
*Where was he born? or married?
*Where or when did he die?
*Who were his parents?


=== [[Image:Research Guide Chart2.bmp|Research_Guide_Chart2]] ===
Select one question as your [[Family Group Record Analysis: How to Guess Where to Start|research objective]]. By focusing on one question at a time, you increase your chances for success.


=== SELECT AN ANCESTOR ===
==== Prepare a Research Log  ====


Select one ancestor you would like to learn more about. Begin with an ancestor for whom you already have some information. You will need at least his surname and some idea of when and where he lived. If possible, select an ancestor born before 1920, because most of the library's records date from before 1920. A staff member can help you.
Use a [[Research Logs|research log]] to keep track of the records you want to search and the information you found. At the top of the log, write the name of the ancestor you selected, your research objective, and when and where he may have lived.  


To select an ancestor, look at the entries on your pedigree chart that have one of the following problems:
=== 3. Select Records to Search  ===


'''Missing information:''' names, dates, or places are missing.
[[Image:Research Guide Chart3.jpg|Research Guide Chart3]]


'''Incomplete information:''' part of a name, date, or place is missing.
==== Identify a Record Category  ====


'''Unverified information:''' information cannot be traced to a credible source (that is, someone who would have known the information first hand).
The FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch centers have the following basic categories of records.  


'''Conflicting information:''' information from two sources does not agree.
*Compiled Records
*Original Records
*Background Information -- These are resources dealing with geographical, historical, or cultural information. They include local histories, maps, gazetteers, language dictionaries, and guidebooks. Search these to learn more about the area where your ancestors lived and the events that may have affected their lives and the records about them.
*Finding Aids -- These help you find the location of records; name indexes; library catalogs; or Websites.


=== SELECT A RESEARCH QUESTION ===
==== Compiled Records  ====


Identify questions you want to answer about the person you selected. For example:
These are records of previous research on individuals and families already done by others, such as family histories, biographies, or genealogies with pedigree charts and family group records. Though compiled records are very helpful, some information may be inaccurate or incomplete. The information is submitted by library patrons and is not verified by the FamilySearch Library. Always carefully evaluate the information you find.  


* Where was he born? or married?
It can be helpful to search compiled records first. You can save a lot of time by seeing what information others have already found about your family. Compiled records can usually be searched quickly and easily. The following compiled records are available at the FamilySearch Library or FamilySearch centers.
* Where or when did he die?
* What were the names of his children?
* Who were his parents?


Select one question as your research objective. By focusing on one question at a time, you increase your chances for success.
'''Ancestral File'''


=== PREPARE A RESEARCH LOG ===
[[Ancestral File]] is a collection of pedigree and family group records submitted by people throughout the world. It is available on the Internet as part of FamilySearch. It contains millions of names. Using Ancestral File, you can see an ancestor's pedigree, his family (both as a child and as a parent), and his descendants.


Write the name you selected, your research objective, and where he may have lived at the top of a research log. You will use this log to list each record you search and the information you find, as shown above. Extra research logs are available for purchase.
You will need the name of your ancestor to search this file. Printed instructions and computerized help messages are available to help you use the file. You may also ask a staff member for assistance. You can hand-copy the information you find, make a printed paper copy at cost, or copy the information onto a storage device, such as a flash drive, to use with your home computer.  


== 3. SELECT RECORDS TO SEARCH ==
'''International Genealogical Index'''<br>


=== [[Image:Research Guide Chart3.bmp|Research_Guide_Chart3]] ===
The [[International Genealogical Index]] contains millions of names of deceased persons from around the world. It lists birth and marriage information and dates. Many of the names come from original birth and marriage records from the early 1500s to 1875. Other names were researched by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The index is available on computer as part of FamilySearch and on microfiche.


=== IDENTIFY A RECORD CATEGORY ===
The index identifies only the parents or spouse of a person. It does not show family members linked together in pedigrees or family groups as does Ancestral File.


The Family History Library and family history centers have the following basic categories of records.
'''Family Histories'''


=== Compiled Records ===
The library has thousands of family histories. In a family history, you may find genealogical information, photographs, biographical sketches, and stories about the family. Books are usually available only in the FamilySearch Library. However, most histories are also available on microfilm or microfiche and can be viewed at the FamilySearch Library or some FamilySearch centers.


These are records of previous research on individuals and families already done by others, such as family histories, biographies, or genealogies with pedigree charts and family group records. Though compiled records are very helpful, some information may be inaccurate or incomplete. The information is submitted by library patrons and is not verified by the Family History Library. Always carefully evaluate the information you find.
To find a family history, you will need to use the "Surname" section of the FamilySearch Catalog (if using the microfiche edition) or the "Surname" search in FamilySearch. The catalog does not list every name found in a family history. Only major families found in a history are listed. Look for your ancestor's surname (last name).  


=== Original Records ===
After you find catalog entries that contain your ancestor's surname, read the descriptions to see if the family history matches the time period and place in which your ancestor lived. The computer version of the catalog allows you to search for key words in the descriptions. This feature can save you time if many family histories contain your ancestor's surname.


These are records created at the time of important events in your ancestors' lives. For example, a local church or the local government may have recorded your ancestors' births, christenings, marriages, and burials.
When you find a book or microfilm that you want to view, write the complete call number, author, and title in your research log (see the example). Then view the film at the FamilySearch Library or any FamilySearch center listed as having a copy of the microfilm.


=== Background Information ===
'''Other Sources of Compiled Records'''


These are records dealing with geographical, historical, or cultural information. They include local histories, maps, gazetteers, language dictionaries, and guidebooks. Search these records to learn more about the area where your ancestors lived and the events that may have affected their lives and the records about them.
Other sources of compiled records are available. Take your pedigree chart and research log to a staff member to determine whether any of the following sources would be helpful and how to locate them. Most compiled records are described in the [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch Catalog]].  


=== Finding Aids ===
*Genealogies
*Biographies
*Genealogical periodicals and indexes, such as the Periodical Source Index
*Family newsletters
*Local histories
*[[Family Group Records Collection]]


These are records that help you find a record or a name in a record. They include indexes and library catalogs.
==== Original Records  ====


=== COMPILED RECORDS ===
These are records created at the time of important events in your ancestors' lives. For example, a local church or the local government may have recorded your ancestors' births, christenings, marriages, and burials.


It is best to search compiled records first. You can save a lot of time by seeing what information others have already found about your family. Compiled records can usually be searched quickly and easily. The following compiled records are available at the Family History Library or family history centers.
Most original records in the FamilySearch Library are microfilm copies of records found in courthouses, churches, government offices, historical societies, and other archives throughout the world. Some records are available as books. Others are available on computer as part of FamilySearch. The following are some of the major types of original records available:


=== Ancestral File ===
===== Vital Records and Civil Registration  =====


Ancestral File is a collection of pedigree and family group records submitted by people throughout the world. It is available on computer as part of FamilySearch™. It contains millions of names, and new names are added each year. Using Ancestral File, you can see an ancestor's pedigree, his family (both as a child and as a parent), his descendants, and the names and addresses of the people who submitted the information. You can make corrections to any errors you find in the file.
Most government offices keep records of births, marriages, and deaths. In the FamilySearch Catalog these records are listed under "Vital Records" for the United States and Canada, and "Civil Registration" for other countries.  


You will need the name of your ancestor to search this file. Printed instructions and computerized help messages are available to help you use the file. You may also ask a staff member for assistance. You can hand-copy the information you find, make a printed paper copy at cost, or copy the information onto a diskette to use with your home computer.
===== Church Records  =====


=== Ancestral File, Pedigree Chart ===
The church your ancestors attended may have kept records of their christenings, baptisms, confirmations, marriages, or burials. Church records are especially important if civil vital records are unavailable for a time period or region where your ancestor lived.


The International Genealogical Index contains millions of names of deceased persons from around the world, and new names are added periodically. It lists birth and marriage information and dates of ordinances performed in temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It also gives the sources of the information. Many of the names come from original birth and marriage records from the early 1500s to 1875. Other names were submitted by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The index is available on computer as part of FamilySearch and on microfiche.
===== Cemetery Records  =====


The index identifies only the parents or spouse of a person. It does not show family members linked together in pedigrees or family groups as does Ancestral File.
From cemetery records and headstones, you may be able to learn the names, birth dates, and death dates of family members buried near each other. The epitaphs may help you establish the relationships between ancestors.  


[[Image:Research Guidel Index1.bmp|Research_Guide_Index1]]
===== Census Records  =====


== International Genealogical Index ==
Most national governments conduct periodic censuses. Beginning in 1850, United States federal censuses listed every member of a household by name, with information about sex, age, country or state of birth, and occupation. Census records are especially helpful in determining where your ancestors lived.


=== Family Histories ===
In the UK, census records began in 1801, with detailed censuses beginning in 1841. See:
*[[England Census]]
*[[Wales Census]]
*[[Scotland Census]]
*[[Ireland Census]]


The library has thousands of family histories. In a family history, you may find genealogical information, photographs, biographical sketches, and stories about the family. Books are usually available only in the Family History Library. However, most histories are also available on microfilm or microfiche and can be ordered for use at a family history center.
==== Probate Records ====


To find a family history, you will need to use the "Surname" section of the Family History Library Catalog (if using the microfiche edition) or the "Surname" search in FamilySearch. The catalog does not list every name found in a family history. Only major families found in a history are listed. Look for your ancestor's surname (last name).
When a person dies, court records may be created containing a copy of the person's will, if one exists, and the court's decision about how the estate is to be distributed among his heirs. These are called probate records, and they often provide names and family relationships.  


After you find catalog entries that contain your ancestor's surname, read the descriptions to see if the family history matches the time period and place in which your ancestor lived. The computer version of the catalog allows you to search for key words in the descriptions. This feature can save you time if many family histories contain your ancestor's surname.
===== Military Records  =====


When you find a book or microfilm that you want to view, write the complete call number, author, and title in your research log (see the example). Then obtain the book or microfilm as explained in step 4.
The names of individuals who served in the military or who were eligible for military service appear in military records.  


[[Image:Research Guide Entry1.bmp|Research_Guide_Entry1]]
===== Immigration Records  =====


== Family History Library Catalog Entry, Surname Section ==
Passenger lists or other immigration records may provide the date or ship on which an immigrant ancestor arrived or the name of the port to which he came.


=== Other Sources of Compiled Records ===
Note: To find the records of an immigrant's place of origin, you usually need to know the exact city, town, or county where he lived. If you do not know this, search the records of the country to which he migrated. For more information, see the publication Tracing Immigrant Origins, available at the library or FamilySearch centers.


Other sources of compiled records are available. Take your pedigree chart and research log to a staff member to determine whether any of the following sources would be helpful and how to locate them. Most compiled records are described in the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]].
===== Other Original Documents  =====


* Genealogies
Other original documents include court, land, naturalization, taxation, business, medical, and school records. Be sure to check all jurisdictions (for example, town, county, state, and country) that may have kept records about your ancestor.
* Biographies
* Genealogical periodicals and indexes, such as the Periodical Source Index
* Family newsletters
* Local histories
* Family Group Records Collection


=== ORIGINAL RECORDS ===
==== Choose a Record Type  ====


Most original records in the Family History Library are microfilm copies of records found in courthouses, churches, government offices, historical societies, and other archives throughout the world. Some records are available as books. Others are available on computer as part of FamilySearch. The following are some of the major types of original records available:
When selecting a record, first decide which type of record may contain the information you are looking for (such as vital record, cemetery record, or military record). To decide upon a record type, do one of the following:  


=== Vital Records and Civil Registration ===
*See the chart on the last page of this guide, or


Most government offices keep records of births, marriages, and deaths. In the Family History Library Catalog these records are listed under "Vital Records" for the United States and Canada, and "Civil Registration" for other countries.
*Use the Wiki article for your country, state, or province. Each country article includes a link to a chart (called a "record selection table") showing which types of original records contain information for various types of research objectives. The articles also describe what records are available for an area and a time period, or


=== Church Records ===
*Take your research log to a staff member and ask for help in determining which type of record you should search for.


The church your ancestors attended may have kept records of their christenings, baptisms, confirmations, marriages, or burials. Church records are especially important if civil vital records are unavailable for a time period or region where your ancestor lived.
==== Select Specific Records to Search  ====


=== Cemetery Records ===
Once you have determined what type of record to search for, you will need to select a specific record. Most original records are listed in the "Locality" (or place) section of the FamilySearch Catalog. This section lists records by country, state or province, county, or town. You will need to know the place where your ancestor lived and the type of record you chose to search, such as census, land and property, or vital record. The record type is called a topic in the FamilySearch version of the FamilySearch Catalog.


From cemetery records and headstones, you may be able to learn the names, birth dates, and death dates of family members buried near each other. The epitaphs may help you establish the relationships between ancestors.
When you find the records for the place where your ancestor lived, read the descriptions to see if a record covers the time period you need. Indexes are often available for original records. If one is available, search the index first.  


=== Census Records ===
If you do not find any records listed under a place, search for records of other jurisdictions, such as the state, county, or city. You can also look for records of nearby places. Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for assistance.


Most national governments conduct periodic censuses. Beginning in 1850, United States federal censuses listed every member of a household by name, with information about sex, age, country or state of birth, and occupation. Census records are especially helpful in determining where your ancestors lived.
==== Describe the Records on Your Research Log  ====


* British 1851 Census
On your research log, record the authors, titles, time periods, and FamilySearch Library call numbers of any records you select. Your research log might look like the example. You now have the information you need to obtain a record.


=== Probate Records ===
==== Summary  ====


When a person dies, court records may be created containing a copy of the person's will, if one exists, and the court's decision about how the estate is to be distributed among his heirs. These are called probate records, and they often provide names and family relationships.
Identify a record category. Search compiled records first. Then search original records.  


=== Military Records ===
Choose a record type. Use the chart (called "Record Finder") found by searching for the country in the Wiki.


The names of individuals who served in the military or who were eligible for military service appear in military records.
Select specific records to search. Find the locality and record type in the Locality section of the FamilySearch Catalog.  


=== Immigration Records ===
Describe the records in your research log.


Passenger lists or other immigration records may provide the date or ship on which an immigrant ancestor arrived or the name of the port to which he came.
=== 4. Obtain and Search the Record  ===


Note: To find the records of an immigrant's place of origin, you usually need to know the exact city, town, or county where he lived. If you do not know this, search the records of the country to which he migrated. For more information, see the publication Tracing Immigrant Origins, available at the library or family history centers.
[[Image:Research Guide Chart4.jpg|Research Guide Chart4]]


=== Other Original Documents ===
==== Obtain the Record  ====


Other original documents include court, land, naturalization, taxation, business, medical, and school records. Be sure to check all jurisdictions (for example, town, county, state, and country) that may have kept records about your ancestor.
===== At the FamilySearch Library  =====


=== CHOOSE A RECORD TYPE ===
Records at the FamilySearch Library are arranged by geographical area. The call number of the record tells you which area of the library this record is located in and whether it is a book, microfilm, or microfiche. The following are sample call numbers:


When selecting a record, first decide which type of record may contain the information you are looking for (such as vital record, cemetery record, or military record). To decide upon a record type, do one of the following:
FS Library US/CAN Film<br>3075101 Item 7


See the chart on the last page of this guide, or
FS Library US/CAN Book<br>929.273 P833ph


Use a printed research outline for your country, state, or province. Each country research outline includes a chart showing which types of original records contain information for various types of research objectives. The outlines also describe what records are available for an area and a time period, or
To obtain the record, do the following:


Take your research log to a staff member and ask for help in determining which type of record you should search for.
Go to the floor that has the records for that geographical area. These areas are listed beside the elevators on each floor. You can also ask a staff member for help or obtain a map of the library from the information desks.  


=== SELECT SPECIFIC RECORDS TO SEARCH ===
Locate the book, microfilm, or microfiche storage areas.


Once you have determined what type of record to search for, you will need to select a specific record. Most original records are listed in the "Locality" (or place) section of the Family History Library Catalog. This section lists records by country, state or province, county, or town. You will need to know the place where your ancestor lived and the type of record you chose to search, such as census, land and property, or vital record. The record type is called a topic in the FamilySearch version of the Family History Library Catalog.
Look for the call number of the record. Records are filed numerically by call number. Library attendants are located next to the copy centers on each floor and can assist you.  


When you find the records for the place where your ancestor lived, read the descriptions to see if a record covers the time period you need. Indexes are often available for original records. If one is available, search the index first.
Take the microfilms or microfiche to the appropriate reader to use them.  


If you do not find any records listed under a place, search for records of other jurisdictions, such as the state, county, or city. You can also look for records of nearby places. Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for assistance.
Not all microfilms are located in the library. You may need to order some microfilms. A library attendant can help you do this. The microfilm will arrive in a few hours or a few days, depending on where it is stored.  


[[Image:Research Guide Index2.bmp|Research_Guide_Index2]]
===== At a FamilySearch Center  =====


== Family History Library Catalog Entry, Locality Section ==
Take your research log to a staff member. He or she can tell you whether the center already has the record.


=== DESCRIBE THE RECORDS ON YOUR RESEARCH LOG ===
===== Other Repositories  =====


On your research log, record the authors, titles, time periods, and Family History Library call numbers of any records you select. Your research log might look like the example. You now have the information you need to obtain a record.
Not every record about your ancestor is at the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center. You may need to obtain copies of some records at other libraries, archives, or government and church offices.  


=== Summary ===
==== Search the Record  ====


Identify a record category. Search compiled records first. Then search original records.
Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for help to use the microfilm or microfiche equipment. Printed instructional materials are available to help you search some records.  


Choose a record type. Use the chart in this guide or a research outline.
If you have difficulty finding a record on a microfilm, check the item number of the record. Several records may be on one microfilm, and you may need to read the title page for each item to make sure you have the correct one. Names in an original record may be arranged chronologically or alphabetically. The following are common research problems you should be aware of.  


Select specific records to search. Find the locality and record type in the Locality section of the Family History Library Catalog.
===== Name Changes  =====


Describe the records in your research log.
Many immigrants changed or shortened their names after arriving in the new country. You may need to check for various possibilities.  


== 4. OBTAIN AND SEARCH THE RECORD ==
===== Spelling Variations  =====


[[Image:Research Guide Chart4.bmp|Research_Guide_Chart4]]
Check for variant spellings of your ancestor's name. Many recorders spelled names according to sound. A person may be listed with a nickname or abbreviation.  


=== OBTAIN THE RECORD ===
===== Handwriting  =====


=== At the Family History Library ===
Most original documents are handwritten. If you cannot read a letter, look at other names in the record to see how the writer made certain letters. Some handbooks illustrate the ways letters were written in earlier times.


Records at the Family History Library are arranged by geographical area. The call number of the record tells you which area of the library this record is located in and whether it is a book, microfilm, or microfiche. The following are sample call numbers:
===== Dates  =====


U.S. &amp; CAN <br>FILM AREA <br>3075101 item 7 U.S. &amp; CAN
You may want to check a range of dates for an event. It may be recorded on a different date than you expect.  


BOOK AREA <br>929.273 P833ph
==== Record the Results  ====


To obtain the record, do the following:
Record what you find on your research log, even if you don't find any new information. If you don't do this, you may waste time searching the same record again. Make copies of key documents.


Go to the floor that has the records for that geographical area. These areas are listed beside the elevators on each floor. You can also ask a staff member for help or obtain a map of the library from the information desks.
===== Photocopies  =====


Locate the book, microfilm, or microfiche storage areas.
Copy centers are located on each floor of the FamilySearch Library and the FamilySearch Center. Machines are available to copy books, microfilm, and microfiche.  


Look for the call number of the record. Records are filed numerically by call number. Library attendants are located next to the copy centers on each floor and can assist you.
Many FamilySearch centers have equipment for photocopying books, microfilm, and microfiche.


Take the microfilms or microfiche to the appropriate reader to use them.
Please be aware that many of the books, microfilms, and microfiche in the library are copyrighted. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material.  


Not all microfilms are located in the library. You may need to order some microfilms. A library attendant can help you do this. The microfilm will arrive in a few hours or a few days, depending on where it is stored.
Under certain conditions specified in the law, a library patron may make a photocopy or other reproduction of copyrighted material. One of these conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." The law calls this a "fair use" of the material, which does not infringe on the copyright held by its owner. If someone later uses a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," he or she may be liable for copyright infringement.  


=== At a Family History Center ===
=== 5. Use the Information  ===


Take your research log to a staff member. He or she can tell you whether the center already has the record. If not, the staff member will help you fill out a Microfilm and Microfiche Order Card and tell you the fees for postage and handling. Individual microfilms can be lent to family history centers for different lengths of time. The microfilm or microfiche should arrive in one to three weeks. Books cannot be lent to family history centers.
[[Image:Research Guide Chart5.jpg|Research Guide Chart5]]


=== Other Repositories ===
==== Evaluate the Information  ====


Not every record about your ancestor is at the Family History Library or a family history center. You may need to obtain copies of some records at other libraries, archives, or government and church offices.
In order to evaluate your information, consider the following:


=== SEARCH THE RECORD ===
*Did you find the information you were looking for?
*Is the information complete?
*Does the information conflict with other information you have?
*Is the source of the information credible?


Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for help to use the microfilm or microfiche equipment. Printed instructional materials are available to help you search some records.
==== Transfer the Information  ====


If you have difficulty finding a record on a microfilm, check the item number of the record. Several records may be on one microfilm, and you may need to read the title page for each item to make sure you have the correct one. Names in an original record may be arranged chronologically or alphabetically. The following are common research problems you should be aware of.
Add any new information to your family group records. Record the source of the information. The source can help you resolve problems with conflicting information. For example, if a birth record gives one birth date, and an obituary gives another birth date for the same person, you will want to determine which date came from the more authoritative source (usually the source made closest to the time of the event).  


=== Name Changes ===
==== Organize Your Records  ====


Many immigrants changed or shortened their names after arriving in the new country. You may need to check for various possibilities.
Organize your records for easy access. One possible order is as follows:


=== Spelling Variations ===
*Pedigree charts numbered and arranged numerically
*Family group records in alphabetical order by the husband's name
*Notes, research logs, and copies of documents behind the related family group record


Check for variant spellings of your ancestor's name. Many recorders spelled names according to sound. A person may be listed with a nickname or abbreviation.
A number of computer programs can help you organize your records on your home computer. For information about programs that are compatible with FamilySearch (meaning they can share data easily with any FamilySearch file), see a staff member. One of these programs, Personal Ancestral File, is available for use at the FamilySearch Library and at most FamilySearch centers.  


=== Handwriting ===
==== Share Information  ====


Most original documents are handwritten. If you cannot read a letter, look at other names in the record to see how the writer made certain letters. Some handbooks illustrate the ways letters were written in earlier times.
You can help make research easier and faster for yourself and for others by sharing the results of your research. Share the information you find with family members. They may have more information for you. The FamilySearch Library also offers several opportunities for you to share information.  


=== Dates ===
'''Share your family history.''' If you have written a family history, compiled an index, or created a database of genealogical information, you can place it in the FamilySearch Library to be preserved and used by others. If possible, please grant permission (or obtain it from the copyright owner) for the library to microfilm the record and circulate it wherever the library chooses. Contact the Acquisitions Unit, FamilySearch Library, 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150, for more information.


You may want to check a range of dates for an event. It may be recorded on a different date than you expect.
==== Repeat the Process  ====


=== RECORD THE RESULTS ===
Repeat the research process by choosing—


Record what you find on your research log, even if you don't find any new information. If you don't do this, you may waste time searching the same record again. Make copies of key documents.
*Another record to look at, or
*Another research objective for this person, or
*Another ancestor to learn about.


=== Photocopies ===
You can learn more about how to do research in the and at FamilySearch centers.


Copy centers are located on each floor of the Family History Library and the FamilySearch Center. Machines are available to copy books, microfilm, and microfiche.
We hope this brief introduction will help you develop a lifelong interest in your family history. We invite you to return to the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or a FamilySearch center as often as you would like. Please let us know if we can be of any further help.


Many family history centers have equipment for photocopying books, microfilm, and microfiche. If a center does not have the equipment, you can request photocopies of pages of books, microfilms, or microfiche from the Family History Library. Ask a staff member for a photoduplication request form. You will need to list the author, title, and call number of the record, and specific page numbers. Fees are listed on the form.
== Additional Information  ==


Please be aware that many of the books, microfilms, and microfiche in the library are copyrighted. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material.
=== Indexing of Records  ===


Under certain conditions specified in the law, a library patron may make a photocopy or other reproduction of copyrighted material. One of these conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." The law calls this a "fair use" of the material, which does not infringe on the copyright held by its owner. If someone later uses a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," he or she may be liable for copyright infringement.
As you search for your family members beyond the first few generations, you will often use original records. Many of these records are not indexed and may be in languages or handwriting you are not familiar with. You can help index names found in original records, thereby making the records more accessible to other researchers.  


== 5. USE THE INFORMATION ==
Thousands of volunteers are helping to extract or index information from vital, census, and immigration records.


[[Image:Research Guide Chart5.bmp|Research_Guide_Chart5]]
=== Other Services  ===


=== EVALUATE THE INFORMATION ===
The following services are also available to you:


In order to evaluate your information, consider the following:
==== Orientation  ====


* Did you find the information you were looking for?
A brief orientation program is available at the FamilySearch Library. To preserve the quiet research environment of the library, guided tours are not provided. FamilySearch centers may provide orientation programs, including guided tours. Ask a staff member.
* Is the information complete?
* Does the information conflict with other information you have?
* Is the source of the information credible?


=== TRANSFER THE INFORMATION ===
An orientation to FamilySearch and the FamilySearch Center is available on each FamilySearch computer in the center.


Add any new information to your family group records. Record the source of the information. The source can help you resolve problems with conflicting information. For example, if a birth record gives one birth date, and an obituary gives another birth date for the same person, you will want to determine which date came from the more authoritative source (usually the source made closest to the time of the event).
==== Group Visits  ====


=== ORGANIZE YOUR RECORDS ===
For group visits, please contact the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or a FamilySearch center in advance for a list of services, hours, holiday schedules, and other information that can make your visit more successful. Basic services are listed in the publication FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch Centers Services and Resources. This publication is updated annually. Ensure that your group is prepared to use the facility. In the FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch Center, you can request a room for classes or meetings. The FamilySearch Center has rooms available with FamilySearch computers for group activities.


Organize your records for easy access. One possible order is as follows:
When you are in the research areas of the FamilySearch Library, please separate into groups of no more than five, with a leader for each group.  


* Pedigree charts numbered and arranged numerically
==== Additional Instruction  ====
* Family group records in alphabetical order by the husband's name
* Notes, research logs, and copies of documents behind the related family group record


A number of computer programs can help you organize your records on your home computer. For information about programs that are compatible with FamilySearch (meaning they can share data easily with any FamilySearch file), see a staff member. One of these programs, Personal Ancestral File, is available for use at the Family History Library and at most family history centers.
Ask a staff member about classes, printed aids, video training programs, and other instructional resources. Genealogical forms and instructional publications are available for sale. In the FamilySearch Library, items for sale are located near each copy center.  


=== SHARE INFORMATION ===
==== Accredited Genealogists<sup>®</sup> and Certified Genealogists<sup>(SM)</sup>  ====


You can help make research easier and faster for yourself and for others by sharing the results of your research. Share the information you find with family members. They may have more information for you. The Family History Library also offers several opportunities for you to share information.
'''(Professional Researchers) '''<br>


'''Contribute to Ancestral File.''' Submit your family information on a floppy diskette (using Personal Ancestral File or other FamilySearch-compatible software). See the printed instructions in Contributing Information to Ancestral File for more information, or contact FamilySearch™ Support, 15 East South Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150; telephone 1-800-346-6044.
Two agencies license professional genealogical researchers: <br>1. The International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists® (ICAPGen) <br>2. The Board for Certification of Genealogists® (BCG). <br>Both organizations carefully test the research skills of their members before granting licensure. Both require their members to sign a code of ethics and have the members renew their credentials every five years. <br>A list of Accredited Genealogists can be found at [http://www.icapgen.org www.icapgen.org].<br>A list of Certified Genealogists can be found at [http://www.bcgcertification.org www.bcgcertification.org].  


'''Share your family history.''' If you have written a family history, compiled an index, or created a database of genealogical information, you can place it in the Family History Library to be preserved and used by others. If possible, please grant permission (or obtain it from the copyright owner) for the library to microfilm the record and circulate it wherever the library chooses. Contact the Acquisitions Unit, Family History Library, 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150, for more information.
==== Correspondence  ====


'''Submit names for temple ordinance work.''' Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints may want to submit names of ancestors for temple ordinance work. A staff member or your ward family history consultant can help you.
The FamilySearch Library will respond to any questions that can be answered briefly but does not provide a research service. Ask a staff member for a Reference Questionnaire form on which to send your question.  


=== REPEAT THE PROCESS ===
==== FamilySearch Centers  ====


Repeat the research process by choosing—
FamilySearch Centers are located throughout the world. Some of them have copies of the FamilySearch Library's microfilms. Go to the following [https://www.familysearch.org/centers/locations/ website] to find the nearest FamilySearch Center. Call ahead to see if films are available.


* Another record to look at, or
==== Other Libraries and Archives  ====
* Another research objective for this person, or
* Another ancestor to learn about.


You can learn more about how to do research in the and at family history centers.
Excellent information is available from courthouses, libraries, archives, and societies. Ask a staff member for addresses and more information.  


We hope this brief introduction will help you develop a lifelong interest in your family history. We invite you to return to the Family History Library, the FamilySearch Center, or a family history center as often as you would like. Please let us know if we can be of any further help.
==  Library Rules  ==


== ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ==
The FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, and FamilySearch centers offer their services to the public with the understanding that those who use the collection will abide by the guidelines governing such use. Please observe the following rules so that all patrons can successfully use the facilities:


=== INDEXING OF RECORDS ===
*Please handle the equipment, books, and other materials carefully.
*Please maintain a quiet atmosphere for research.
*Do not leave personal belongings unattended. The library or center is not responsible for items that are lost or stolen.
*Children under twelve must be kept under the control of their parents.
*Food and drinks are not permitted in a FamilySearch center. In the FamilySearch Library, they are permitted only in the snack room.
*Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the building or on the grounds.


As you search for your family members beyond the first few generations, you will often use original records. Many of these records are not indexed and may be in languages or handwriting you are not familiar with. You can help index names found in original records, thereby making the records more accessible to other researchers.
The FamilySearch Library has the following additional rules. Ask a staff member at the FamilySearch Center or a FamilySearch center for the rules for their facilities.  


If you have a current indexing project that you will be publishing, please register it by writing to the Genealogical Projects Registry, 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150. To obtain information from the registry, write to Genealogical Projects Registry, National Genealogical Society, 4527 Seventeenth Street North, Arlington, VA 22207-2399, USA.
*You may take up to five rolls of microfilm from the cabinets at any given time. Please refile each microfilm you use.
*If the library is busy and you expect to be away from a microfilm reader for more than thirty minutes, take your materials with you so someone else can use the machine. Materials left at an unused reader for more than thirty minutes may be removed by a library attendant.
*You may take up to five books from the shelves at any given time. Please return books to the red shelves at the end of the stacks where the books were found.
*When using photocopy equipment, please limit yourself to five copies when others are waiting.


Thousands of volunteers are helping to extract or index information from vital, census, and immigration records. For information about how you can participate in the Family Record Extraction program, ask a staff member for the name of the local extraction director.
== Selecting Record Types  ==


=== OTHER SERVICES ===
{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
 
|-
The following services are also available to you.
| OBJECTIVE<br>To obtain information about—
 
| colspan="2" | RECORD TYPES<br>Look in the FamilySearch Catalog, Locality section for these record types:
=== Orientation ===
 
A brief orientation program is available at the Family History Library. To preserve the quiet research environment of the library, guided tours are not provided. Family history centers may provide orientation programs, including guided tours. Ask a staff member.
 
An orientation to FamilySearch™ and the FamilySearch Center is available on each FamilySearch computer in the center.
 
=== Group Visits ===
 
For group visits, please contact the Family History Library, the FamilySearch™ Center, or a family history center in advance for a list of services, hours, holiday schedules, and other information that can make your visit more successful. Basic services are listed in the publication Family History Library and Family History Centers Services and Resources. This publication is updated annually. Ensure that your group is prepared to use the facility. In the Family History Library and FamilySearch Center, you can request a room for classes or meetings. The FamilySearch Center has rooms available with FamilySearch computers for group activities.
 
When you are in the research areas of the Family History Library, please separate into groups of no more than five, with a leader for each group.
 
=== Additional Instruction ===
 
Ask a staff member about classes, printed aids, video training programs, and other instructional resources. Genealogical forms and instructional publications are available for sale. In the Family History Library, items for sale are located near each copy center.
 
=== Accredited Genealogists ===
 
If you wish to hire a researcher, ask a staff member for a list of accredited genealogists and the publication Hiring a Professional Genealogist.
 
=== Correspondence ===
 
The Family History Library will respond to any questions that can be answered briefly but does not provide a research service. Ask a staff member for a Reference Questionnaire form on which to send your question.
 
=== Family History Centers ===
 
Family History centers are located throughout the world. You can use most of the Family History Library's microfilms on loan. Ask a staff member for a list of addresses for a specific area.
 
=== Other Libraries and Archives ===
 
Excellent information is available from courthouses, libraries, archives, and societies. Ask a staff member for addresses and more information.
 
=== LIBRARY RULES ===
 
The Family History Library, the FamilySearch Center, and family history centers offer their services to the public with the understanding that those who use the collection will abide by the guidelines governing such use. Please observe the following rules so that all patrons can successfully use the facilities:
 
* Please handle the equipment, books, and other materials carefully.
* Please maintain a quiet atmosphere for research.
* Do not leave personal belongings unattended. The library or center is not responsible for items that are lost or stolen.
* Children under twelve must be kept under the control of their parents.
* Food and drinks are not permitted in a family history center. In the Family History Library, they are permitted only in the snack room.
* Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the building or on the grounds.
 
The Family History Library has the following additional rules. Ask a staff member at the FamilySearch Center or a family history center for the rules for their facilities.
 
* You may take up to five rolls of microfilm from the cabinets at any given time. Please refile each microfilm you use.
* If the library is busy and you expect to be away from a microfilm reader for more than thirty minutes, take your materials with you so someone else can use the machine. Materials left at an unused reader for more than thirty minutes may be removed by a library attendant.
* You may take up to five books from the shelves at any given time. Please return books to the red shelves at the end of the stacks where the books were found.
* When using photocopy equipment, please limit yourself to five copies when others are waiting.
 
=== Selecting Record Types ===
 
{| class="plain"
|-
|-
| OBJECTIVE<br>To obtain information about—
| <br>  
| RECORD TYPES<br>Look in the Family History Library Catalog, Locality section for these record types:
| First look for:  
| <br>
| <br>
| First look for:
| Then look for:
| Then look for:
|-
|-
| Age
| Age  
| Census, Vital Records*, Cemeteries
| Census, Vital Records*, Cemeteries  
| Miltary Records, Taxation, Obituaries
| Miltary Records, Taxation, Obituaries
|-
|-
| Birth date
| Birth date  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records  
| Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
| Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
|-
|-
| Birth date
| Birth date  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records  
| Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
| Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
|-
|-
| Birthplace
| Birthplace  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census  
| Newspapers, Obituaries, Military Records
| Newspapers, Obituaries, Military Records
|-
|-
| City or parish of foreign birth
| City or parish of foreign birth  
| Church Records, Genealogy, Biography, Obituaries, Naturalization and Citizenship
| Church Records, Genealogy, Biography, Obituaries, Naturalization and Citizenship  
| Emigration and Immigration, Vital Records*, History
| Emigration and Immigration, Vital Records*, History
|-
|-
| Country of foreign birth
| Country of foreign birth  
| Census, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Vital Records*
| Census, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Vital Records*  
| Military Records, Church Records, Newspapers, Obituaries
| Military Records, Church Records, Newspapers, Obituaries
|-
|-
| County origins and boundaries
| County origins and boundaries  
| History, Maps
| History, Maps  
| Gazetteers
| Gazetteers
|-
|-
| Death
| Death  
| Vital Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Church Records, Obituaries
| Vital Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Church Records, Obituaries  
| Newspapers, Military Records, Court Records, Land and Property
| Newspapers, Military Records, Court Records, Land and Property
|-
|-
| Divorce
| Divorce  
| Court Records, Divorce Records
| Court Records, Divorce Records  
| Newspapers, Vital Records*
| Newspapers, Vital Records*
|-
|-
| Ethnicity
| Ethnicity  
| Minorities, Native Races, Societies
| Minorities, Native Races, Societies  
| Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship
| Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship
|-
|-
| Historical background
| Historical background  
| History, Periodicals, Genealogy
| History, Periodicals, Genealogy  
| Church History, Minorities
| Church History, Minorities
|-
|-
| Immigration or emigration date
| Immigration or emigration date  
| Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Genealogy
| Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Genealogy  
| Census, Biography, Newspapers, Church Records
| Census, Biography, Newspapers, Church Records
|-
|-
| Maiden name
| Maiden name  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Newspapers, Bible Records
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Newspapers, Bible Records  
| Military Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Obituaries
| Military Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Obituaries
|-
|-
| Marriage
| Marriage  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Newspapers, Bible Records
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Newspapers, Bible Records  
| Biography, Genealogy, Military Records, Probate Records, Land and Property, Nobility
| Biography, Genealogy, Military Records, Probate Records, Land and Property, Nobility
|-
|-
| Occupation
| Occupation  
| Census, Directories, Emigration and Immigration, Civil Registration, Occupations, Probate Records
| Census, Directories, Emigration and Immigration, Civil Registration, Occupations, Probate Records  
| Newspapers, Court Records, Obituaries, Officials and Employees
| Newspapers, Court Records, Obituaries, Officials and Employees
|-
|-
| Parents, children, and other family members
| Parents, children, and other family members  
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Probate Records, Obituaries
| Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Probate Records, Obituaries  
| Bible Records, Newspapers, Emigration and Immigration, Land and Property
| Bible Records, Newspapers, Emigration and Immigration, Land and Property
|-
|-
| Physical description
| Physical description  
| Military Records, Biography, Court Records
| Military Records, Biography, Court Records  
| Naturalization and Citizenship, Civil Registration, Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Genealogy, Newspapers
| Naturalization and Citizenship, Civil Registration, Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Genealogy, Newspapers
|-
|-
| Place-finding aids
| Place-finding aids  
| Gazetteers, Maps
| Gazetteers, Maps  
| Directories, History, Periodicals, Land and Property, Taxation
| Directories, History, Periodicals, Land and Property, Taxation
|-
|-
| Place (town) of residence when you know only the state
| Place (town) of residence when you know only the state  
| Census, Genealogy, Military Records, Vital Records*, Church Records, Directories
| Census, Genealogy, Military Records, Vital Records*, Church Records, Directories  
| Biography, Probate Records, History, Land and Property, Taxation
| Biography, Probate Records, History, Land and Property, Taxation
|-
|-
| Places family has lived
| Places family has lived  
| Census, Land and Property, History
| Census, Land and Property, History  
| Military Records, Taxation, Obituaries
| Military Records, Taxation, Obituaries
|-
|-
| Previous research (compiled genealogy)
| Previous research (compiled genealogy)  
| Genealogy, Periodicals, History
| Genealogy, Periodicals, History  
| Biography, Societies, Nobility
| Biography, Societies, Nobility
|-
|-
| Record-finding aids
| Record-finding aids  
| Archives and Libraries, Societies, Genealogy
| Archives and Libraries, Societies, Genealogy  
| Periodicals
| Periodicals
|-
|-
| Religion
| Religion  
| Church Records, History, Biography, Civil Registration
| Church Records, History, Biography, Civil Registration  
| Bible Records, Cemeteries, Obituaries, Genealogy
| Bible Records, Cemeteries, Obituaries, Genealogy
|}
|}


<nowiki>*Outside the United States and Canada, see "Civil Registration" instead of "Vital Records."</nowiki>
<nowiki>*Outside the United States and Canada, see "Civil Registration" instead of "Vital Records."</nowiki>  
 
Note: Also search the [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch Catalog]] , using the Subject section for key topics in your objective.
 
== Related Content  ==
 
*[[Principles of Family History Research|Principles of Family History Research]]


Note: Also search the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]], Subject section for key topics in your objective.
<br>


[[Category:Beginners]]
<br>


<br>
[[Category:Beginners]] [[Category:Basic Research Process]] ]]

Latest revision as of 20:55, 25 February 2023

Return to FamilySearch Research Wiki

Purpose of the Guide[edit | edit source]

The purpose of this guide is to help you discover your ancestry using the records available in the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or one of the more than two thousand FamilySearch centers located throughout the world.

FamilySearch Library and Related Services[edit | edit source]

FamilySearch Library[edit | edit source]

Since it was established in 1894, the FamilySearch Library of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has become the largest of its kind in the world. The library has collected millions of microfilms, thousands of microfiche and books, and many other records. Most of the microfilms have been acquired through an extensive microfilming program that began in 1938. Microfilmers are presently filming original documents in churches, courthouses, and other archives in many countries. The originals of these microfilms are preserved in a vault in the mountains near Salt Lake City. The library is located at 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah. The telephone number is 1-866-406-1830; Email address fhl@familysearch.org.

Copies of the microfilms are available for use at the FamilySearch Library and in some FamilySearch centers. The FamilySearch Library is designed to help individuals who need help in learning and searching records to extend their family lines. Some information collected by the library is available on the Internet at FamilySearch.

FamilySearch Centers[edit | edit source]

FamilySearch Centers are located throughout the world. Each has a basic collection of records and research publications to assist researchers. Each center has computers with Internet access.

Services and Resources[edit | edit source]

Workers in the Library and FamilySearch center can help you learn how to use the records. They can't do research for you, but can help you use the library's catalog to locate records or Websites, to do your own research.

FamilySearch Center[edit | edit source]

The FamilySearch Center is designed to introduce individuals unacquainted with family history to experience the excitement of discovering their ancestors. The center, located in the Joseph Smith Memorial Building at 15 East South Temple Street in Salt Lake City, has access to the Internet.

Research Process[edit | edit source]

Family History research involves five basic steps. Each step is explained below. Staff members in the FamilySearch Library or FamilySearch centers will be glad to help you complete these steps. A Research Overview is available as a presentation to introduce you to the research process.

Research Guide1

1. Identify What You Know About Your Family[edit | edit source]

Research Guide Chart1

Fill Out a Pedigree Chart and Family Group Record[edit | edit source]

Recall as much information as you can about yourself and your family members. Record what you know on pedigree charts and family group sheets. Estimate dates and places if necessary.

  • A pedigree chart provides space to record information on four generations: yourself, your parents, your grandparents, and your great-grandparents.
  • A family group record provides space to record information about the parents and children of a family. You can also record the source of your information. Fill out a family group record for each couple on your pedigree chart.

Gather Additional Information[edit | edit source]

If you need more information, gather information from sources in your home or from a relative. Look for copies of birth, marriage, and death certificates; journals; scrapbooks; old letters; family Bibles; photographs; school records; military records; obituaries; deeds; and wills. Record on your pedigree chart and family group sheet any new information you find.

You may want to keep notes about your family history on a separate sheet of paper. These notes could be biographical information such as military service; education; social or economic status; migrations; participation in community, social, religious, or historical events; or physical descriptions.

Organize Your Records[edit | edit source]

Organize your records for easy access (see step 5 for suggestions on organizing).

2. Decide What You Want to Learn About Your Family[edit | edit source]

Research Guide Chart2

Select an Ancestor[edit | edit source]

Select one ancestor you would like to learn more about. Begin with an ancestor for whom you already have some information. You will need at least his surname and some idea of when and where he lived. If possible, select an ancestor born before 1920, because most of the library's records date from before 1920. A staff member can help you.

To select an ancestor, look at the entries on your pedigree chart that have one of the following problems:

  • Missing information: names, dates, or places are missing.
  • Incomplete information: part of a name, date, or place is missing.
  • Unverified information: information cannot be traced to a credible source (that is, someone who would have known the information first hand).
  • Conflicting information: information from two sources does not agree.

Select a Research Question[edit | edit source]

Identify questions you want to answer about the person you selected. For example:

  • Where was he born? or married?
  • Where or when did he die?
  • Who were his parents?

Select one question as your research objective. By focusing on one question at a time, you increase your chances for success.

Prepare a Research Log[edit | edit source]

Use a research log to keep track of the records you want to search and the information you found. At the top of the log, write the name of the ancestor you selected, your research objective, and when and where he may have lived.

3. Select Records to Search[edit | edit source]

Research Guide Chart3

Identify a Record Category[edit | edit source]

The FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch centers have the following basic categories of records.

  • Compiled Records
  • Original Records
  • Background Information -- These are resources dealing with geographical, historical, or cultural information. They include local histories, maps, gazetteers, language dictionaries, and guidebooks. Search these to learn more about the area where your ancestors lived and the events that may have affected their lives and the records about them.
  • Finding Aids -- These help you find the location of records; name indexes; library catalogs; or Websites.

Compiled Records[edit | edit source]

These are records of previous research on individuals and families already done by others, such as family histories, biographies, or genealogies with pedigree charts and family group records. Though compiled records are very helpful, some information may be inaccurate or incomplete. The information is submitted by library patrons and is not verified by the FamilySearch Library. Always carefully evaluate the information you find.

It can be helpful to search compiled records first. You can save a lot of time by seeing what information others have already found about your family. Compiled records can usually be searched quickly and easily. The following compiled records are available at the FamilySearch Library or FamilySearch centers.

Ancestral File

Ancestral File is a collection of pedigree and family group records submitted by people throughout the world. It is available on the Internet as part of FamilySearch. It contains millions of names. Using Ancestral File, you can see an ancestor's pedigree, his family (both as a child and as a parent), and his descendants.

You will need the name of your ancestor to search this file. Printed instructions and computerized help messages are available to help you use the file. You may also ask a staff member for assistance. You can hand-copy the information you find, make a printed paper copy at cost, or copy the information onto a storage device, such as a flash drive, to use with your home computer.

International Genealogical Index

The International Genealogical Index contains millions of names of deceased persons from around the world. It lists birth and marriage information and dates. Many of the names come from original birth and marriage records from the early 1500s to 1875. Other names were researched by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The index is available on computer as part of FamilySearch and on microfiche.

The index identifies only the parents or spouse of a person. It does not show family members linked together in pedigrees or family groups as does Ancestral File.

Family Histories

The library has thousands of family histories. In a family history, you may find genealogical information, photographs, biographical sketches, and stories about the family. Books are usually available only in the FamilySearch Library. However, most histories are also available on microfilm or microfiche and can be viewed at the FamilySearch Library or some FamilySearch centers.

To find a family history, you will need to use the "Surname" section of the FamilySearch Catalog (if using the microfiche edition) or the "Surname" search in FamilySearch. The catalog does not list every name found in a family history. Only major families found in a history are listed. Look for your ancestor's surname (last name).

After you find catalog entries that contain your ancestor's surname, read the descriptions to see if the family history matches the time period and place in which your ancestor lived. The computer version of the catalog allows you to search for key words in the descriptions. This feature can save you time if many family histories contain your ancestor's surname.

When you find a book or microfilm that you want to view, write the complete call number, author, and title in your research log (see the example). Then view the film at the FamilySearch Library or any FamilySearch center listed as having a copy of the microfilm.

Other Sources of Compiled Records

Other sources of compiled records are available. Take your pedigree chart and research log to a staff member to determine whether any of the following sources would be helpful and how to locate them. Most compiled records are described in the FamilySearch Catalog.

  • Genealogies
  • Biographies
  • Genealogical periodicals and indexes, such as the Periodical Source Index
  • Family newsletters
  • Local histories
  • Family Group Records Collection

Original Records[edit | edit source]

These are records created at the time of important events in your ancestors' lives. For example, a local church or the local government may have recorded your ancestors' births, christenings, marriages, and burials.

Most original records in the FamilySearch Library are microfilm copies of records found in courthouses, churches, government offices, historical societies, and other archives throughout the world. Some records are available as books. Others are available on computer as part of FamilySearch. The following are some of the major types of original records available:

Vital Records and Civil Registration[edit | edit source]

Most government offices keep records of births, marriages, and deaths. In the FamilySearch Catalog these records are listed under "Vital Records" for the United States and Canada, and "Civil Registration" for other countries.

Church Records[edit | edit source]

The church your ancestors attended may have kept records of their christenings, baptisms, confirmations, marriages, or burials. Church records are especially important if civil vital records are unavailable for a time period or region where your ancestor lived.

Cemetery Records[edit | edit source]

From cemetery records and headstones, you may be able to learn the names, birth dates, and death dates of family members buried near each other. The epitaphs may help you establish the relationships between ancestors.

Census Records[edit | edit source]

Most national governments conduct periodic censuses. Beginning in 1850, United States federal censuses listed every member of a household by name, with information about sex, age, country or state of birth, and occupation. Census records are especially helpful in determining where your ancestors lived.

In the UK, census records began in 1801, with detailed censuses beginning in 1841. See:

Probate Records[edit | edit source]

When a person dies, court records may be created containing a copy of the person's will, if one exists, and the court's decision about how the estate is to be distributed among his heirs. These are called probate records, and they often provide names and family relationships.

Military Records[edit | edit source]

The names of individuals who served in the military or who were eligible for military service appear in military records.

Immigration Records[edit | edit source]

Passenger lists or other immigration records may provide the date or ship on which an immigrant ancestor arrived or the name of the port to which he came.

Note: To find the records of an immigrant's place of origin, you usually need to know the exact city, town, or county where he lived. If you do not know this, search the records of the country to which he migrated. For more information, see the publication Tracing Immigrant Origins, available at the library or FamilySearch centers.

Other Original Documents[edit | edit source]

Other original documents include court, land, naturalization, taxation, business, medical, and school records. Be sure to check all jurisdictions (for example, town, county, state, and country) that may have kept records about your ancestor.

Choose a Record Type[edit | edit source]

When selecting a record, first decide which type of record may contain the information you are looking for (such as vital record, cemetery record, or military record). To decide upon a record type, do one of the following:

  • See the chart on the last page of this guide, or
  • Use the Wiki article for your country, state, or province. Each country article includes a link to a chart (called a "record selection table") showing which types of original records contain information for various types of research objectives. The articles also describe what records are available for an area and a time period, or
  • Take your research log to a staff member and ask for help in determining which type of record you should search for.

Select Specific Records to Search[edit | edit source]

Once you have determined what type of record to search for, you will need to select a specific record. Most original records are listed in the "Locality" (or place) section of the FamilySearch Catalog. This section lists records by country, state or province, county, or town. You will need to know the place where your ancestor lived and the type of record you chose to search, such as census, land and property, or vital record. The record type is called a topic in the FamilySearch version of the FamilySearch Catalog.

When you find the records for the place where your ancestor lived, read the descriptions to see if a record covers the time period you need. Indexes are often available for original records. If one is available, search the index first.

If you do not find any records listed under a place, search for records of other jurisdictions, such as the state, county, or city. You can also look for records of nearby places. Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for assistance.

Describe the Records on Your Research Log[edit | edit source]

On your research log, record the authors, titles, time periods, and FamilySearch Library call numbers of any records you select. Your research log might look like the example. You now have the information you need to obtain a record.

Summary[edit | edit source]

Identify a record category. Search compiled records first. Then search original records.

Choose a record type. Use the chart (called "Record Finder") found by searching for the country in the Wiki.

Select specific records to search. Find the locality and record type in the Locality section of the FamilySearch Catalog.

Describe the records in your research log.

4. Obtain and Search the Record[edit | edit source]

Research Guide Chart4

Obtain the Record[edit | edit source]

At the FamilySearch Library[edit | edit source]

Records at the FamilySearch Library are arranged by geographical area. The call number of the record tells you which area of the library this record is located in and whether it is a book, microfilm, or microfiche. The following are sample call numbers:

FS Library US/CAN Film
3075101 Item 7

FS Library US/CAN Book
929.273 P833ph

To obtain the record, do the following:

Go to the floor that has the records for that geographical area. These areas are listed beside the elevators on each floor. You can also ask a staff member for help or obtain a map of the library from the information desks.

Locate the book, microfilm, or microfiche storage areas.

Look for the call number of the record. Records are filed numerically by call number. Library attendants are located next to the copy centers on each floor and can assist you.

Take the microfilms or microfiche to the appropriate reader to use them.

Not all microfilms are located in the library. You may need to order some microfilms. A library attendant can help you do this. The microfilm will arrive in a few hours or a few days, depending on where it is stored.

At a FamilySearch Center[edit | edit source]

Take your research log to a staff member. He or she can tell you whether the center already has the record.

Other Repositories[edit | edit source]

Not every record about your ancestor is at the FamilySearch Library or a FamilySearch center. You may need to obtain copies of some records at other libraries, archives, or government and church offices.

Search the Record[edit | edit source]

Do not hesitate to ask a staff member for help to use the microfilm or microfiche equipment. Printed instructional materials are available to help you search some records.

If you have difficulty finding a record on a microfilm, check the item number of the record. Several records may be on one microfilm, and you may need to read the title page for each item to make sure you have the correct one. Names in an original record may be arranged chronologically or alphabetically. The following are common research problems you should be aware of.

Name Changes[edit | edit source]

Many immigrants changed or shortened their names after arriving in the new country. You may need to check for various possibilities.

Spelling Variations[edit | edit source]

Check for variant spellings of your ancestor's name. Many recorders spelled names according to sound. A person may be listed with a nickname or abbreviation.

Handwriting[edit | edit source]

Most original documents are handwritten. If you cannot read a letter, look at other names in the record to see how the writer made certain letters. Some handbooks illustrate the ways letters were written in earlier times.

Dates[edit | edit source]

You may want to check a range of dates for an event. It may be recorded on a different date than you expect.

Record the Results[edit | edit source]

Record what you find on your research log, even if you don't find any new information. If you don't do this, you may waste time searching the same record again. Make copies of key documents.

Photocopies[edit | edit source]

Copy centers are located on each floor of the FamilySearch Library and the FamilySearch Center. Machines are available to copy books, microfilm, and microfiche.

Many FamilySearch centers have equipment for photocopying books, microfilm, and microfiche.

Please be aware that many of the books, microfilms, and microfiche in the library are copyrighted. The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material.

Under certain conditions specified in the law, a library patron may make a photocopy or other reproduction of copyrighted material. One of these conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research." The law calls this a "fair use" of the material, which does not infringe on the copyright held by its owner. If someone later uses a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," he or she may be liable for copyright infringement.

5. Use the Information[edit | edit source]

Research Guide Chart5

Evaluate the Information[edit | edit source]

In order to evaluate your information, consider the following:

  • Did you find the information you were looking for?
  • Is the information complete?
  • Does the information conflict with other information you have?
  • Is the source of the information credible?

Transfer the Information[edit | edit source]

Add any new information to your family group records. Record the source of the information. The source can help you resolve problems with conflicting information. For example, if a birth record gives one birth date, and an obituary gives another birth date for the same person, you will want to determine which date came from the more authoritative source (usually the source made closest to the time of the event).

Organize Your Records[edit | edit source]

Organize your records for easy access. One possible order is as follows:

  • Pedigree charts numbered and arranged numerically
  • Family group records in alphabetical order by the husband's name
  • Notes, research logs, and copies of documents behind the related family group record

A number of computer programs can help you organize your records on your home computer. For information about programs that are compatible with FamilySearch (meaning they can share data easily with any FamilySearch file), see a staff member. One of these programs, Personal Ancestral File, is available for use at the FamilySearch Library and at most FamilySearch centers.

Share Information[edit | edit source]

You can help make research easier and faster for yourself and for others by sharing the results of your research. Share the information you find with family members. They may have more information for you. The FamilySearch Library also offers several opportunities for you to share information.

Share your family history. If you have written a family history, compiled an index, or created a database of genealogical information, you can place it in the FamilySearch Library to be preserved and used by others. If possible, please grant permission (or obtain it from the copyright owner) for the library to microfilm the record and circulate it wherever the library chooses. Contact the Acquisitions Unit, FamilySearch Library, 35 North West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84150, for more information.

Repeat the Process[edit | edit source]

Repeat the research process by choosing—

  • Another record to look at, or
  • Another research objective for this person, or
  • Another ancestor to learn about.

You can learn more about how to do research in the and at FamilySearch centers.

We hope this brief introduction will help you develop a lifelong interest in your family history. We invite you to return to the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or a FamilySearch center as often as you would like. Please let us know if we can be of any further help.

Additional Information[edit | edit source]

Indexing of Records[edit | edit source]

As you search for your family members beyond the first few generations, you will often use original records. Many of these records are not indexed and may be in languages or handwriting you are not familiar with. You can help index names found in original records, thereby making the records more accessible to other researchers.

Thousands of volunteers are helping to extract or index information from vital, census, and immigration records.

Other Services[edit | edit source]

The following services are also available to you:

Orientation[edit | edit source]

A brief orientation program is available at the FamilySearch Library. To preserve the quiet research environment of the library, guided tours are not provided. FamilySearch centers may provide orientation programs, including guided tours. Ask a staff member.

An orientation to FamilySearch and the FamilySearch Center is available on each FamilySearch computer in the center.

Group Visits[edit | edit source]

For group visits, please contact the FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, or a FamilySearch center in advance for a list of services, hours, holiday schedules, and other information that can make your visit more successful. Basic services are listed in the publication FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch Centers Services and Resources. This publication is updated annually. Ensure that your group is prepared to use the facility. In the FamilySearch Library and FamilySearch Center, you can request a room for classes or meetings. The FamilySearch Center has rooms available with FamilySearch computers for group activities.

When you are in the research areas of the FamilySearch Library, please separate into groups of no more than five, with a leader for each group.

Additional Instruction[edit | edit source]

Ask a staff member about classes, printed aids, video training programs, and other instructional resources. Genealogical forms and instructional publications are available for sale. In the FamilySearch Library, items for sale are located near each copy center.

Accredited Genealogists® and Certified Genealogists(SM)[edit | edit source]

(Professional Researchers)

Two agencies license professional genealogical researchers:
1. The International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists® (ICAPGen)
2. The Board for Certification of Genealogists® (BCG).
Both organizations carefully test the research skills of their members before granting licensure. Both require their members to sign a code of ethics and have the members renew their credentials every five years.
A list of Accredited Genealogists can be found at www.icapgen.org.
A list of Certified Genealogists can be found at www.bcgcertification.org.

Correspondence[edit | edit source]

The FamilySearch Library will respond to any questions that can be answered briefly but does not provide a research service. Ask a staff member for a Reference Questionnaire form on which to send your question.

FamilySearch Centers[edit | edit source]

FamilySearch Centers are located throughout the world. Some of them have copies of the FamilySearch Library's microfilms. Go to the following website to find the nearest FamilySearch Center. Call ahead to see if films are available.

Other Libraries and Archives[edit | edit source]

Excellent information is available from courthouses, libraries, archives, and societies. Ask a staff member for addresses and more information.

Library Rules[edit | edit source]

The FamilySearch Library, the FamilySearch Center, and FamilySearch centers offer their services to the public with the understanding that those who use the collection will abide by the guidelines governing such use. Please observe the following rules so that all patrons can successfully use the facilities:

  • Please handle the equipment, books, and other materials carefully.
  • Please maintain a quiet atmosphere for research.
  • Do not leave personal belongings unattended. The library or center is not responsible for items that are lost or stolen.
  • Children under twelve must be kept under the control of their parents.
  • Food and drinks are not permitted in a FamilySearch center. In the FamilySearch Library, they are permitted only in the snack room.
  • Smoking is not permitted anywhere in the building or on the grounds.

The FamilySearch Library has the following additional rules. Ask a staff member at the FamilySearch Center or a FamilySearch center for the rules for their facilities.

  • You may take up to five rolls of microfilm from the cabinets at any given time. Please refile each microfilm you use.
  • If the library is busy and you expect to be away from a microfilm reader for more than thirty minutes, take your materials with you so someone else can use the machine. Materials left at an unused reader for more than thirty minutes may be removed by a library attendant.
  • You may take up to five books from the shelves at any given time. Please return books to the red shelves at the end of the stacks where the books were found.
  • When using photocopy equipment, please limit yourself to five copies when others are waiting.

Selecting Record Types[edit | edit source]

OBJECTIVE
To obtain information about— 		RECORD TYPES
Look in the FamilySearch Catalog, Locality section for these record types:

First look for: Then look for:
Age Census, Vital Records*, Cemeteries Miltary Records, Taxation, Obituaries
Birth date Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
Birth date Vital Records*, Church Records, Bible Records Cemeteries, Obituaries, Census, Newspapers, Military Records
Birthplace Vital Records*, Church Records, Census Newspapers, Obituaries, Military Records
City or parish of foreign birth Church Records, Genealogy, Biography, Obituaries, Naturalization and Citizenship Emigration and Immigration, Vital Records*, History
Country of foreign birth Census, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Vital Records* Military Records, Church Records, Newspapers, Obituaries
County origins and boundaries History, Maps Gazetteers
Death Vital Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Church Records, Obituaries Newspapers, Military Records, Court Records, Land and Property
Divorce Court Records, Divorce Records Newspapers, Vital Records*
Ethnicity Minorities, Native Races, Societies Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship
Historical background History, Periodicals, Genealogy Church History, Minorities
Immigration or emigration date Emigration and Immigration, Naturalization and Citizenship, Genealogy Census, Biography, Newspapers, Church Records
Maiden name Vital Records*, Church Records, Newspapers, Bible Records Military Records, Cemeteries, Probate Records, Obituaries
Marriage Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Newspapers, Bible Records Biography, Genealogy, Military Records, Probate Records, Land and Property, Nobility
Occupation Census, Directories, Emigration and Immigration, Civil Registration, Occupations, Probate Records Newspapers, Court Records, Obituaries, Officials and Employees
Parents, children, and other family members Vital Records*, Church Records, Census, Probate Records, Obituaries Bible Records, Newspapers, Emigration and Immigration, Land and Property
Physical description Military Records, Biography, Court Records Naturalization and Citizenship, Civil Registration, Church Records, Emigration and Immigration, Genealogy, Newspapers
Place-finding aids Gazetteers, Maps Directories, History, Periodicals, Land and Property, Taxation
Place (town) of residence when you know only the state Census, Genealogy, Military Records, Vital Records*, Church Records, Directories Biography, Probate Records, History, Land and Property, Taxation
Places family has lived Census, Land and Property, History Military Records, Taxation, Obituaries
Previous research (compiled genealogy) Genealogy, Periodicals, History Biography, Societies, Nobility
Record-finding aids Archives and Libraries, Societies, Genealogy Periodicals
Religion Church Records, History, Biography, Civil Registration Bible Records, Cemeteries, Obituaries, Genealogy

*Outside the United States and Canada, see "Civil Registration" instead of "Vital Records."

Note: Also search the FamilySearch Catalog , using the Subject section for key topics in your objective.

Related Content[edit | edit source]



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