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|Records=Vital Records | |||
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| link1=[[Canada Genealogy|Canada]] | |||
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| link5=[[Canada Vital Records|Vital Records]] | |||
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<div id="fsButtons"><span class="online_records_button">[[Canada Online Genealogy Records]]</span><span class="community_button">[[Online Research Help|Online<br>Research Help]]</span></div> | |||
== Introduction | == Introduction == | ||
''See also [[Canadian Vital Records (KP)]] for additional information about online sources.'' | ''See also [[Canadian Vital Records (KP)]] for additional information about online sources.'' <br><br> | ||
Civil governments have created records of births, marriages, and deaths, commonly called "vital records" because they refer to critical events in a person’s life. In Quebec, vital records created by the government are called "civil registration" (état civil), the term generally used outside North America. Vital records are an excellent source of accurate names, dates, and places of births, marriages, and deaths. But the births, marriages, and deaths of many people were never recorded by civil authorities. Other vital records are described in "[[Canada Church Records|Church Records]]" and other sections. | Civil governments have created records of births, marriages, and deaths, commonly called "vital records" because they refer to critical events in a person’s life. In Quebec, vital records created by the government are called "civil registration" (état civil), the term generally used outside North America. Vital records are an excellent source of accurate names, dates, and places of births, marriages, and deaths. But the births, marriages, and deaths of many people were never recorded by civil authorities. Other vital records are described in "[[Canada Church Records|Church Records]]" and other sections. | ||
Vital records are the responsibility of the provinces except for the registration of First Nations individuals | Vital records are the responsibility of the provinces except for the registration of First Nations individuals, which is a federal responsibility. In some provinces, authorities began registering births, marriages, and deaths since the 1860s. Complete registration in all the provinces and territories was achieved in the 1920s. After this date, almost all individuals who lived in [[Canada Genealogy|Canada]] are recorded. | ||
To find a civil vital record, you will need at least the approximate year and place in which the birth, marriage, or death occurred. You may need to search other records first to find clues about these events, such as family Bibles, genealogies, local histories, biographies, cemetery records, censuses, pension files, newspaper notices, and probate files. In the 18th and 19th centuries these other records must often substitute for civil vital records, though they may not be as accurate as those kept by church authorities and local or provincial governments. | To find a civil vital record, you will need at least the approximate year and place in which the birth, marriage, or death occurred. You may need to search other records first to find clues about these events, such as family Bibles, genealogies, local histories, biographies, cemetery records, censuses, pension files, newspaper notices, and probate files. In the 18th and 19th centuries these other records must often substitute for civil vital records, though they may not be as accurate as those kept by church authorities and local or provincial governments. | ||
== Online Records == | |||
<center>[[Canada Vital Records|'''Vital Records''']]</center> | |||
*[http://www.ancestry.ca/drouin The Drouin Church and Vital Records], French-Canadian and English historical records from 1621-1967 | |||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1110 Acadia, Canada, Vital and Church Records (Drouin Collection), 1757-1946], index & images ($) | |||
<br> | |||
<center><span style="color: #884444">'''''Births'''''</span></center> | |||
*{{RecordSearch|1520604|Canada, Births and Baptisms, 1661-1959}} Index only. | |||
*[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wjmartin/wm-index.htm Wesleyan Methodist Baptismal Register] | |||
*[http://www.bms2000.org/ BMS2000 Genealogical Database], index | |||
*{{RecordSearch|1967766|New Brunswick Late Registration of Births, 1810-1899}} — index & images | |||
<br> | |||
<center><span style="color: #884444">'''''Marriages'''''</span></center> | |||
*{{RecordSearch|1520608|Canada, Marriages, 1661-1949}} Index only. | |||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=5776 Canada Parliamentary Marriage and Divorces, 1867-1919] ($) | |||
*[http://www.bms2000.org/ BMS2000 Genealogical Database], index | |||
*Library and Archives Canada: [https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/vital-statistics-births-marriages-deaths/marriage-bonds/Pages/marriage-bonds-upper-lower.aspx Marriage Bonds, 1779-1858 - Upper and Lower Canada ] | |||
<br> | |||
<center><span style="color: #884444">'''''Divorce'''''</span></center> | |||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=5776 Canada Parliamentary Marriage and Divorces, 1867-1919] ($) | |||
*[https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/vital-statistics-births-marriages-deaths/divorce-1841-1968/Pages/acts-divorce-1841-1968.aspx Library and Archives Canada Divorce in Canada 1841-1968] Index<br><br> | |||
<center><span style="color: #884444">'''''Death'''''</span></center> | |||
*{{RecordSearch|1520609|Canada Deaths and Burials, 1664-1955}} Index only. | |||
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10761/canada-burials-1800-2019?utm_source=organic_blog&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=supersearch&tr_funnel=supersearch&tr_country=US&tr_creative=dec19firsthalf&utm_content=dec19firsthalf Canada, Burials, 1800-2019] at MyHeritage (free), index | |||
=== Links to Wiki pages for each Province === | === Links to Wiki pages for each Province === | ||
Click on a province below for information about civil registration and vital records for each province, including Internet sites and where to find the records: | Click on a province below for information about civil registration and vital records for each province, including Internet sites and where to find the records: | ||
*[[Alberta Civil Registration | *[[Alberta Civil Registration|Alberta Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[British Columbia Civil Registration | *[[British Columbia Civil Registration|British Columbia Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Manitoba Civil Registration-Vital Records|Manitoba Civil Registration-Vital Records]] | *[[Manitoba Civil Registration-Vital Records|Manitoba Civil Registration-Vital Records]] | ||
*[[New Brunswick Civil Registration | *[[New Brunswick Civil Registration|New Brunswick Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Newfoundland and Labrador Vital Records|Newfoundland and Labrador Vital Records]] | *[[Newfoundland and Labrador Vital Records|Newfoundland and Labrador Vital Records]] | ||
*[[Northwest Territories Vital Records|Northwest Territories Vital Records]] | *[[Northwest Territories Vital Records|Northwest Territories Vital Records]] | ||
*[[Nova Scotia Civil Registration | *[[Nova Scotia Civil Registration|Nova Scotia Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Ontario Civil Registration | *[[Ontario Civil Registration|Ontario Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Prince Edward Island Civil Registration | *[[Prince Edward Island Civil Registration|Prince Edward Island Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Quebec Civil Registration|Quebec Civil Registration]] | *[[Quebec Civil Registration|Quebec Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Saskatchewan Civil Registration | *[[Saskatchewan Civil Registration|Saskatchewan Civil Registration]] | ||
*[[Yukon Civil Registration | *[[Yukon Civil Registration|Yukon Civil Registration]] | ||
Nunavut was formed in the past few years. No link has yet been made. | Nunavut was formed in the past few years. No link has yet been made. | ||
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1890s: Civil registration began in most of the remaining provinces, but not all births, marriages, and deaths were registered until the late 1920s. | 1890s: Civil registration began in most of the remaining provinces, but not all births, marriages, and deaths were registered until the late 1920s. | ||
1926: Civil registration of vital statistics separate from church record keeping began in the province of Quebec. Vital records registration became a completely civil matter in Quebec in 1994. | 1926: Civil registration of vital statistics separate from church record keeping began in the province of Quebec. Vital records registration became a completely civil matter in Quebec in 1994. | ||
== Contents of | == Contents of Vital Records == | ||
The information recorded in civil records of vital registration varied over time. Later records generally give more complete information. Vital records are usually written in English or French, but content varies by time period and province. For example, before 1907 in Ontario, parents’ names were not usually on death certificates, but they are after that date. | The information recorded in civil records of vital registration varied over time. Later records generally give more complete information. Vital records are usually written in English or French, but content varies by time period and province. For example, before 1907 in Ontario, parents’ names were not usually on death certificates, but they are after that date. | ||
=== | ===Births (naissances) === | ||
{| width="99%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| width="99%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
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'''A wiki article describing this collection is found at:''' | '''A wiki article describing this collection is found at:''' | ||
[[Canada Births and Baptisms | [[Canada Births and Baptisms - FamilySearch Historical Records|Canada Births and Baptisms - FamilySearch Historical Records]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | === Marriages (mariages) === | ||
Marriages were usually recorded where the bride resided. If you believe a marriage took place but cannot find a record of the marriage, search records of intent to marry. | Marriages were usually recorded where the bride resided. If you believe a marriage took place but cannot find a record of the marriage, search records of intent to marry. | ||
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*Names of previous marriage partners and their death dates. | *Names of previous marriage partners and their death dates. | ||
*A note whether a parent or other party gave permission for the marriage.<br> | *A note whether a parent or other party gave permission for the marriage.<br> | ||
=== Divorce Records === | === Divorce Records === | ||
Divorces were uncommon before the mid-20th century, but some did occur. Fewer than 900 divorces were granted in all of Canada between 1867 and 1913. Only Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and British Columbia had their own divorce courts during this time. Parliamentary divorces were required for residents of Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories until about 1919. Until 1930 in Ontario and until 1968 in Quebec and Newfoundland, obtaining a divorce required an act of the Parliament of Canada. | Divorces were uncommon before the mid-20th century, but some did occur. Fewer than 900 divorces were granted in all of Canada between 1867 and 1913. Only Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and British Columbia had their own divorce courts during this time. Parliamentary divorces were required for residents of Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories until about 1919. Until 1930 in Ontario and until 1968 in Quebec and Newfoundland, obtaining a divorce required an act of the Parliament of Canada. | ||
: | Brian Gilchrist’s''Index to Canadian Parliamentary Divorces, 1867-1930'' (Toronto: privately published) indexes all names, both partners, children etc. Some individual’s petitions or records are held by the Library and Archives Canada, check the their website, Government of Canada Files database, key word “Divorce”—but after 1916 you must apply to the Law Clerk and Parliamentary Council, Senate of Canada. | ||
: | As well, on the Internet, [http://www.cangenealogy.com/armstrong/index.htm Hugh Armstrong’s Genealogy Site], contains material on “Canadian Parliamentary Divorces to 1946”. An Introduction gives an excellent summary of the history of divorce in Canada, and it is only one of a number of lists, indexes, and how-to-do offerings.<ref>Douglas, Althea. "New Brunswick Marriage and Divorce Records - International Institute, " ''The International Institute of Genealogical Studies'' (2012), https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/New_Brunswick_Marriage_and_Divorce_Records_%28National_Institute%29.</ref> | ||
: | The act(s) for a divorce often include detailed genealogical information. To get a copy, send the names of the spouses and the estimated year of divorce to: | ||
{{Block indent|Clerk of the Senate}} | |||
{{Block indent|Parliament Buildings}} | |||
{{Block indent|Ottawa, ON K1A 0N4}} | |||
{{Block indent|Canada}} | |||
{{Block indent|Telephone: 613-992-2416}} | |||
Government offices and courts dealing in divorce proceedings and statistics are listed in: | Government offices and courts dealing in divorce proceedings and statistics are listed in: | ||
*''Canadian Almanac and Directory''. Toronto: Canadian Almanac and Directory Publishing Co., annual. ( | *''Canadian Almanac and Directory''. Toronto: Canadian Almanac and Directory Publishing Co., annual. (FS Library book {{FSC|824622|title-id|disp=971 E4ca}}; computer number 160632.) | ||
Divorce information may also be available from the provincial vital records offices (listed below). | Divorce information may also be available from the provincial vital records offices (listed below). | ||
=== Deaths (décès) === | === Deaths (décès) === | ||
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'''A wiki article describing this collection is found at:''' | '''A wiki article describing this collection is found at:''' | ||
[[Canada Deaths and Burials | [[Canada Deaths and Burials - FamilySearch Historical Records|Canada Deaths and Burials - FamilySearch Historical Records]] | ||
== Research Strategies == | == Research Strategies == | ||
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==== Step 1. Decide what years to search and where ==== | ==== Step 1. Decide what years to search and where ==== | ||
Learn the approximate year and place in which the birth, marriage, or death occurred. Many types of records may give this information. Locate your ancestor or the family in censuses, for example, | Learn the approximate year and place in which the birth, marriage, or death occurred. Many types of records may give this information. Locate your ancestor or the family in censuses, for example, to learn where to search and to estimate approximate years to search. See '''Tip 1''', below. | ||
For reasons why you may want to look for the death record of your ancestor first, see '''Tip 2''', below. | For reasons why you may want to look for the death record of your ancestor first, see '''Tip 2''', below. | ||
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==== Step 2. Use an index ==== | ==== Step 2. Use an index ==== | ||
Indexes certainly make it easier to locate vital records for our ancestors. Indexes for most provinces are increasing on the Internet, many with links to images. | Indexes certainly make it easier to locate vital records for our ancestors. Indexes for most provinces are increasing on the Internet, many with links to images. | ||
{| width="500" | {| width="500" border="1" align="right" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| valign="middle" bgcolor="#ffff99" align="left" | '''Expert tip''': If you don't find the person in the index, keep trying. <br> | | valign="middle" bgcolor="#ffff99" align="left" | '''Expert tip''': If you don't find the person in the index, keep trying. <br> | ||
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|} | |} | ||
See the '''Introduction''' in this article for links to | See the '''Introduction''' in this article for links to the Wiki page for Vital Records or Civil Registration for each province, where links to indexes on the Internet should be updated often. | ||
<br> | |||
==== Step 3. Obtain and search the record ==== | ==== Step 3. Obtain and search the record ==== | ||
You may be able to access the record on the Internet or may have to contact the Provincial offices to obtain it. Again, | You may be able to access the record on the Internet or may have to contact the Provincial offices to obtain it. Again, go to the '''Introduction''' for this article for links to each province and how to obtain the records. | ||
If you cannot find your ancestor's registration, see '''Tip 4''' and '''Tip 5'''. | If you cannot find your ancestor's registration, see '''Tip 4''' and '''Tip 5'''. | ||
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*If your ancestor's name might be recorded under: | *If your ancestor's name might be recorded under: | ||
{{Block indent|A different spelling.}} | |||
{{Block indent|A nickname.}} | |||
{{Block indent|An Americanization of a foreign surname.}} | |||
Sometimes vital records were not recorded for various reasons, even when required. | Sometimes vital records were not recorded for various reasons, even when required. | ||
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Then look in the registers for neighboring or "parent" districts or counties. The place your ancestor lived may have belonged to a different district or county earlier. | Then look in the registers for neighboring or "parent" districts or counties. The place your ancestor lived may have belonged to a different district or county earlier. | ||
Traveling clergymen may have registered marriages with civil authorities in any district or county along their way. Look at all records of churches and clergymen in the area, especially Roman Catholic and Anglican churches, which were not always required to register marriages with district or county authorities. | |||
If you find a marriage in the district or county registers, see if you can find it in the church records as well. There may be new information. | If you find a marriage in the district or county registers, see if you can find it in the church records as well. There may be new information. | ||
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== Locating Vital Records == | == Locating Vital Records == | ||
=== Records at the | === Records at the FamilySearch Library === | ||
The | The FamilySearch Library has microfilm copies of some civil vital records registration or indexes of many provinces and counties in eastern Canada. However, some records were destroyed, were not available for microfilming, or were restricted from public access by the laws of the country or province. You may research records at the library, but the library does not issue or certify certificates for living or deceased individuals. | ||
Most of these records date from the late 19th century. For civil registration records, see the Locality Search of the | Most of these records date from the late 19th century. For civil registration records, see the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under all of these headings: | ||
*CANADA - VITAL RECORDS | *CANADA - VITAL RECORDS | ||
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The library now has these and other sources some of which are described in the Wiki articles for each province. | The library now has these and other sources some of which are described in the Wiki articles for each province. | ||
[[British Columbia Civil Registration | [[British Columbia Civil Registration|'''British Columbia''']] | ||
The provincial government began registering births, marriages, and deaths in 1872. The early records are very incomplete. The library has: | The provincial government began registering births, marriages, and deaths in 1872. The early records are very incomplete. The library has: | ||
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*Marriage registrations 1872 to 1922 and index 1872 to 1921. | *Marriage registrations 1872 to 1922 and index 1872 to 1921. | ||
[[New Brunswick Civil Registration | [[New Brunswick Civil Registration|'''New Brunswick''']] | ||
The provincial government began recording births, marriages, and deaths in 1888. The library has: | The provincial government began recording births, marriages, and deaths in 1888. The library has: | ||
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*Some county death register books 1888 to 1919. | *Some county death register books 1888 to 1919. | ||
[[Nova Scotia Civil Registration | [[Nova Scotia Civil Registration|'''Nova Scotia''']] | ||
In 1864 the provincial government began registering vital statistics, but the records were not complete. The government quit registering births and deaths in 1877 and began again in 1908. The | In 1864 the provincial government began registering vital statistics, but the records were not complete. The government quit registering births and deaths in 1877 and began again in 1908. The FamilySearch Library has: | ||
*Birth and death records from 1864 to 1877 and indexes. | *Birth and death records from 1864 to 1877 and indexes. | ||
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*Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario. The library has some early county and district marriage records and marriage bonds. Indexes are available for some of these. | *Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario. The library has some early county and district marriage records and marriage bonds. Indexes are available for some of these. | ||
[[Ontario Civil Registration | [[Ontario Civil Registration|'''Ontario''']] | ||
Registration of vital statistics began officially in Ontario on 1 July 1869. A substantially complete registration was achieved by 1930. The library has: | Registration of vital statistics began officially in Ontario on 1 July 1869. A substantially complete registration was achieved by 1930. The library has: | ||
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*Death registrations 1869 to 1926 and indexes | *Death registrations 1869 to 1926 and indexes | ||
The library’s collection continues to grow, and the | The library’s collection continues to grow, and the FamilySearch Catalog is updated annually. Check it again every year for the records you need. | ||
=== Records Not at the | === Records Not at the FamilySearch Library === | ||
Vital records dating from the 20th century are at the vital records office for each province. Earlier records may be at vital records offices or at provincial archives. To protect the rights of privacy of living persons, access to and use of most modern records is restricted. | Vital records dating from the 20th century are at the vital records office for each province. Earlier records may be at vital records offices or at provincial archives. To protect the rights of privacy of living persons, access to and use of most modern records is restricted. | ||
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A general discussion of record-keeping practices and the vital records available in each province is in the genealogical handbooks listed in "For Further Reading." See also: | A general discussion of record-keeping practices and the vital records available in each province is in the genealogical handbooks listed in "For Further Reading." See also: | ||
Kemp, Thomas J. International Vital Records Handbook. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994. ( | Kemp, Thomas J. International Vital Records Handbook. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994. (FS Library book {{FSC|984403|title-id|disp=929.1 K32i 1994; computer number 735457}}.) Some Canadian sample forms and fee schedules are outdated. | ||
The | The FamilySearch Library also has a guide to Vital Records in the United States and Canada, which is frequently updated. (This guide is not available at FamilySearch Centers.) For current specific details, contact the provincial archives or the vital statistics offices named in the Wiki research articles for the province. | ||
Vital Records Offices. Each province has its own schedule of fees for vital records searches. Many offices want requests made on their own special forms. Some offices will search a three- or five-year time period on either side of the date you suggest, but some will search only a specific day, month, and year. Some provinces provide information only to the person whose records are sought, or to family members when the person’s proof of death is furnished. If the original certificate is found, a genealogical abstract is provided for no additional fee. Photocopies of the original certificates are not usually provided. | Vital Records Offices. Each province has its own schedule of fees for vital records searches. Many offices want requests made on their own special forms. Some offices will search a three- or five-year time period on either side of the date you suggest, but some will search only a specific day, month, and year. Some provinces provide information only to the person whose records are sought, or to family members when the person’s proof of death is furnished. If the original certificate is found, a genealogical abstract is provided for no additional fee. Photocopies of the original certificates are not usually provided. | ||
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'''Northwest Territories''' | '''Northwest Territories''' | ||
{{Block indent|Registrar of Vital Statistics}} | |||
{{Block indent|P.O. Box 1320}} | |||
{{Block indent|Yellowknife, NWT X1A 2L9}} | |||
{{Block indent|Canada}} | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
{{Block indent|Yukon Territory}} | |||
{{Block indent|Vital Statistics}} | |||
{{Block indent|Department of Health and Human Resources}} | |||
{{Block indent|P.O. Box 2703}} | |||
{{Block indent|Whitehorse, YT Y1A 2C6}} | |||
{{Block indent|Canada}} | |||
=== Provincial Archives: === | === Provincial Archives: === | ||
Quebec: Some pre-1900 records are in regional branches of the Archives Nationales du Québec. Many of these have been microfilmed and are available at the | Quebec: Some pre-1900 records are in regional branches of the Archives Nationales du Québec. Many of these have been microfilmed and are available at the FamilySearch Library. | ||
British Columbia, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Ontario: Microfilm copies of unrestricted records from archives are at the | British Columbia, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Ontario: Microfilm copies of unrestricted records from archives are at the FamilySearch Library. | ||
To request records from other archives and records not yet microfilmed, write to the provincial archives mentioned in the Wiki research article for the province. | To request records from other archives and records not yet microfilmed, write to the provincial archives mentioned in the Wiki research article for the province. | ||
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City Archives. City archives in Canada may have copies of vital records, but they cannot furnish copies. By law, requests for vital records must be addressed to the appropriate provincial archives or vital records offices. | City Archives. City archives in Canada may have copies of vital records, but they cannot furnish copies. By law, requests for vital records must be addressed to the appropriate provincial archives or vital records offices. | ||
Archive inventories (see "Archives and Libraries") describe the record-keeping systems and available civil registration records in Canada. These and other guides are in the Locality Search of the | Archive inventories (see "Archives and Libraries") describe the record-keeping systems and available civil registration records in Canada. These and other guides are in the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under: | ||
CANADA - ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES | CANADA - ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES | ||
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If your request is unsuccessful, search for duplicate records that may have been filed in other archives or church registers or for newspaper obituaries and cemetery records. Information about deaths and some family information may be included in wills and other probate records. Birth dates can be estimated from censuses. See "[[Canada Archives and Libraries|Archives and Libraries]]," "[[Canada Cemeteries|Cemetery Records]]," "[[Canada Census|Census]]," "[[Canada Church Records|Church Records]]," "[[Canada Newspapers|Newspapers]]," and "[[Canada Probate Records|Probate Records]]." | If your request is unsuccessful, search for duplicate records that may have been filed in other archives or church registers or for newspaper obituaries and cemetery records. Information about deaths and some family information may be included in wills and other probate records. Birth dates can be estimated from censuses. See "[[Canada Archives and Libraries|Archives and Libraries]]," "[[Canada Cemeteries|Cemetery Records]]," "[[Canada Census|Census]]," "[[Canada Church Records|Church Records]]," "[[Canada Newspapers|Newspapers]]," and "[[Canada Probate Records|Probate Records]]." | ||
== | == Websites == | ||
[http://www. | [http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/search/Pages/ancestors-search.aspx inGeneas database] - May contain birth, death and marriage records.<br> | ||
{{ | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Canada_Vital_Records]] | |||
edits