Assiniboin People: Difference between revisions

 

 

 

 

 

'''Fort Peck Assiniboine Sioux Tribes'''<br>PO Box 1027<br>501 Medicine Bear Road <br>Poplar, MT 59255<br>Phone: 1-406-768-5155<br>Fax: (406) 768-5478<br>Official Website: [http://www.fortpecktribes.org www.fortpecktribes.org]<br>{{infobox ethnic group

<td style="text-align: right;">5,274 in the U.S. and others in Canada</td><td style="width: 2px;">{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}</td>

<td style="text-align: right;">2,600</td><td style="width: 2px;">{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}<REF>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</REF></td>

<td style="text-align: right;">3,008</td><td>{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}<REF>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</REF></td>

<td style="text-align: right;">abt. 7,000</td><td>{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}<REF>Frederick Webb Hodge. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico'']. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906.</REF></td>

}}  

Originally part of the Yanktonai Dakota (Nakota) Indians, they separated in the early 1700's and settled in the area between the Saskatchewan and Missouri Rivers. In 1780 their population was estimated at 10,000.  

Inter-tribal warfare forced the Assiniboin to migrate from Great Lakes to Minnesota, where the tribe came in contact with non-Indians in the 1800s. They migrated during the 1830s to "Montana," where Fort Union was built by the American Fur Company.  

During the mid 1840s and into the 1850s, emigrants were traveling west across the country in pursuit of silver, gold and land. In 1851 the tribe signed a treaty agreeing not to attack those traveling on the Oregon Trail, and tribe was assigned land in western Montana.  

Fredrick W. Hodge states that in 1904, there were 644 Assiniboin Indians living at [[Fort Belknap Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Belknap Agency]] and 535 at [[Fort Peck Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]].  

*'''Early: '''forced from Great Lakes area to Minnesota area by tribal warfare  

*'''1658:''' living near Lake Superior they encountered non-Indians and began trading with them  

*'''1800-1837:''' several Assiniboin bands moved into "Montana" and the American Fur Company built Fort Union  

*'''1836:''' Smallpox epidemic killed about 4,000  

*'''1851:''' Treaty at Fort Laramie -- they promise not attack settlers traveling the Oregon Trail and are assigned land in western Montana.

*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sio0594.htm 1851] September 17, at Fort Laramie, with Sioux. The treaty establishes the territory of the Assiniboin Nation.  

*'''1855:''' Tribe referred to in treaty with the [[Blackfeet Indians|Blackfeet]]  

*'''1866:''' The tribe agreed to move to Fort Buford, in "North Dakota"  

*'''1870's:''' settled on reservations in the United States - Fort Belknap Reservation (with [[Grosventre Indians|GrosVentre ]]Tribe) and Fort Peck Reservation (with Sioux Tribes) - and in Canada - tracts of land in Saskatchewan and Alberta (with [[Sioux Indians|Sioux]], [[Cree Indians|Cree]] and [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa]])  

*'''1873:''' A massacre of Assiniboin band lead by Little Soldier, at Cypress Hill, inititated the establishment of Northwest Mounted Police by Canada.  

*'''1874:''' Fort Belknap was established for the [[Grosventre Indians|GrosVentre]] and Upper Assiniboin.  

*'''1877:''' Treaty Seven is signed by the Blackfoot Confederacy and by the Stoney (Canadian) Assiniboin  

*'''1877:''' Fort Peck (Montana) became the agency for the Lower Asasiniboin and the Yanktonai Nakota and [[Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Sisseton-Wahpeton]] (Dakota) Sioux  

*'''1883-1884:''' In the winter living at Fort Peck, the rations failed to arrive and hundreds of Assiniboin perished due to starvation.  

*'''1887-1934:''' General Allotment Act (1887) began land allotment; land allotment of Assiniboin territory discontinued in 1934.

Reservation are tracts of land set aside for the occupation and use by Americcan Indians.  

[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]], 1819-1864<br>[[Fort Berthold Indian Agency (North Dakota)|Fort Berthold Agency]], 1864-1869<br>[[Fort Belknap Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Belknap Agency]], 1873-present<br>[[Fort Peck Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]], 1874-present<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505130301_373" /><br>[[St. Peters Indian Agency (Minnesota)|St. Peters Agency]] &nbsp;Montana Superintencency [[St. Louis Superintendency of Indian Affairs|St. Louis Superintendency]] [[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central Superintendency<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505308019_210" />]] [[Minnesota Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Minnesota Superintendency]] [[Dakota Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Dakota Superintendency]]  

The Bureau of Indian Affairs compiled annual Indian Census Rolls on many of the reservations from 1885 to 1940. They list the names of individuals, their age, and other details about each person enumerated. For more information about these records, [[American Indian Census Rolls|click here]].  

The following table lists the census rolls for the Assiniboin Indians: <br>

{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"

Agency&nbsp;

Location of Original Records&nbsp;

Roll Number

! scope="col" | FHL Film Number

| {{ FHL | Films 576481-576486}}

| {{FHL | Films 576840-576849}}

There are several sets of correspondence between the supervising offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the local offices -- agencies, subagencies, etc. The correspondence is often historical in nature, including reports of the conditions among local groups of Indians, hostilities, plans for building facilities, activities of traders or missionaries, etc. Occasionally, there will be names of individuals but little detail about them. For more information about American Indian correspondence, [[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|click here]].  

The following table lists some of the correspondence records relating to the Assiniboin Indians:  

{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"

First Film

During the latter part of the 18th Century and most of the 19th Century, treaties were negotiated between the federal government and individual Indian tribes. The treaties provide helpful information about the history of the tribe, but usually only include the names of those persons who signed the treaty. For more information about treaties, [[American Indian Treaties with the United States|click here]].  

Treaties to which the Assiniboin Indians were a part were: <br>

*October 17, 1855, referred to in Blackfeet treaty

*Fort Peck Agency, M595, Births and Deaths 1925-1932, {{FHL | Film: 576847}}

=== Important Web Sites ===

*Carlson, Paul H. ''The Plains Indians''. College Station, Texas: Texas A&amp;M University Press, c1998. {{FHL | book 970.1 C197p}}  

*Denig, Edwin Thompson. ''Five Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Sioux, Arickaras, Assiniboines, Crees, Crows''. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, c1981. ''The Civilization of American Indian Series'':059. {{FHL | book 970.1 D415f}}.  

*Lowe, Robert H. ''The Assiniboine''. Washington [D.C.]: Microfilmed by the Library of Congress Photoduplication Service, 1989. ''Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History'', Vol. 4 pt. 1. {{FHL | film 1404269}}.

*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online].

*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}.

*Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:037475188 WorldCat 37475188]; {{FHL|831087|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 G131g}}.

 

:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>

:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>

*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}.

[[Category:Indian_Tribes_of_the_United_States]]