Alabama Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions

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== Alabama Native Americans Historical Background ==
== Alabama Native Americans Historical Background ==
*[[United_States_Indigenous_Peoples_For_Further_Reading|For Further Reading of Native Americans]]
*[[Alabama Military Records|Alabama Military]] for a list of forts.  
*[[Alabama Military Records|Alabama Military]] for a list of forts.  
*[[Alabama History|Alabama History]] (calendar) for information on land ceded by the Indians.  
*[[Alabama History|Alabama History]] (calendar) for information on land ceded by the Indians.  

Revision as of 15:28, 29 May 2025

Native American Topics
BuffaloHunters.jpg
Buffalo Hunt under the Wolf-Skin Mask
Beginning Research
Tribes
Record Types
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Other Topics
Choctaw Pisatuntema Native American in 1909.

Online Resources[edit | edit source]

Tribes and Bands of Alabama[edit | edit source]

When a tribe or group is federally recognized it is eligible for funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). When a state establishes state tribal recognition, it acknowledges the tribes status within the state, but does not guarantee funding from either the state or the federal government. When a tribe is recognized by the federal government, it can also be recognized by the state, but not all state recognized tribes are necessarily recognized by the federal government.[1]

For an current list of Federal and State Recognized Tribes, see NCLS List of Federal and State Recognized Tribes

Tribes Recognized by the Federal Government[edit | edit source]

Tribes Recognized by the State of Alabama[edit | edit source]

Tribes Formally in Alabama[edit | edit source]

Tribes Not Recognized or No Longer are Active in Alabama[edit | edit source]

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Alabama[edit | edit source]

Agency Records[edit | edit source]

Agencies and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs was charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters. The BIA agency for Alabama is the Eastern Regional Office, BIA.

Reservations in Alabama[edit | edit source]

Indian Censuses[edit | edit source]

Alabama Indian Schools[edit | edit source]

Land Allotment Records[edit | edit source]

Alabama Map of Indian Lands[edit | edit source]

Alabama Native Americans Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The word Alabama is from a Choctaw word meaning "thicket-clearer" or "vegetation-gatherers." Most American Indians in Alabama were forced to go to the Indian Territory (now a part of Oklahoma) in the 1830s. A few remained in Alabama.

Histories:

Four of the Five Civilized Tribes are of Alabama: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek. Some of the records unique to the Five Civilized Tribes are now available on line:

  • Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes Dawes Commission. In 1893 Congress established a commission to exchange Indian tribal lands in the southeastern United States for land allotments to individuals in Oklahoma. More than 250,000 people applied to the commission for enrollment and land. Just over 100,000 were approved. The records include Applications for enrollment, Enrollment cards, and Letter logs. Indexes and images on line:
  • National Archives
  • Guion Miller Roll - Easter Cherokee In 1902 the Eastern Cherokee sued the United States to get the funds due then under the treaties of 1835, 1836, and 1845. In 1906, the court awarded more than $1 million to be split among the Eastern Cherokees. There were 45,847 applications filed, representing some 90,000 individuals. Indexes and Images on line:
  • 1908-1910 US, Guion Miller Roll, 1908-1910 at Fold3 - index & images ($)
  • 1906–1911 Guion Miller Roll, 1906–1911, Eastern Cherokee Applications at the National Archives - index
  • Cherokee Rolls: Guion Miller Roll at All Things Cherokee - index

Cherokee[edit | edit source]

Chickasaw[edit | edit source]

  • See Chickasaw Nation for more resources.
  • The Chickasaw Nation: A Short Sketch of A Noble People, by James H. Malone. Louisville, Kentucky: John P. Morton, 1922. FS Catalog book 970.3 C432m - Has map that shows the Mississippi and Alabama lands ceded by the Chickasaws in 1835.

Choctaw[edit | edit source]

  • See Choctaw Nation for more resources.
  • 1831 list of Choctaw in Alabama and Mississippi:
  • American State Papers: FS Library film 1631827 (first of 32 films); fiche 6051323, Legislative and Executive of the Congress of the United States cited under the subheading France (1710–1763) in Alabama Land and Property. Volume Seven, on FS Library film 944499 item 2, pages 1–140, has the 1831 Armstrong roll of Choctaws owning farms who were entitled to receive land under the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek of 1830. The volume is indexed. These records are like a census, listing head of family, the number of males over 16, number of males and females under 10, number of acres, and location.

Creek[edit | edit source]

  • See Creek Nation for more resources.
  • Full Name Indexes, Eastern Creek Indians East of the Mississippi, Billie Ford Snider. Pensacola, Florida: Antique Compiling, 1993. FS Library fiche 6126087; book 970.3 C861sb; At various libraries (WorldCat) - This source lists ancestors of the Eastern Creeks living in 1814 and descendants to about 1972. The final chapter contains a detailed history of the Creeks from the 1600s to 1973 and offers suggestions for Eastern Creek Indian ancestral research.
  • Creek Indian History: A Historical Narrative of the Genealogy, Traditions and Downfall of the Ispocoga or Creek Indian Tribe of Indians, by George Stiggins. Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham Public Library Press, 1989. FS Catalog book 970.3 C861s; At various libraries (WorldCat) - A bibliography is found on pages 166–70.
  • Eggleston, George Cary. Red Eagle and the Wars with the Creek Indians. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company Publishers, 1878. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library
  • Rolls were prepared in 1832 of the Lower Creeks and the Upper Creeks. They contain the names of principal chiefs and heads of households, where they resided, number of people in the household and whether they owned slaves:

Repositories[edit | edit source]

National Archives at Washington, D.C., Archives I
Pennsylvania Avenue at 8th Street, NW
Washington, D.C. 20408
Telephone: 202-501-5415
Fax: 301-713-6740
Email: Contact Us
Digitized Records
Website
Research Wiki Article


National Archives at Atlanta
5780 Jonesboro Road
Morrow, Georgia 30260 USA
Phone: 770-968-2100
Email: atlanta.archives@nara.gov
Website
Research Wiki Article


National Archives at Denver
17101 Huron Street
Broomfield, CO 80023
Phone: 303-604-4740
denver.archives@nara.gov
Website
Research Wiki Article

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Martha Salazar, State Recognition of American Indian Tribes National Conference of State Legislatures website (https://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/quad-caucus/state-recognition-of-american-indian-tribes.aspx#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Bureau%20of,relationship%20with%20the%20United%20States : accessed May 24, 2022).

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