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''[[United States|United States ]] >  [[United States Census|U.S. Census ]] >  [[Ohio|Ohio]]  >  [[Ohio_Census|Census]]''
{{OH-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[United States Census|U.S. Census]]
| link3=[[Ohio, United States Genealogy|Ohio]]
| link4=
| link5=[[Ohio Census|Census]]
}}


=== Existing and lost censuses  ===
==Online Federal Censuses==
===Population Schedules===
Starting in 1790, federal population schedules were taken every 10 years in the United States. [[United States Census|'''Click here for more information''']] about federal census records. <br><br>
Ohio became a state on 1 March 1803, having been created from the Northwest Territory. So in the 1800 Census it will be listed under the Northwest Territory.
======United States Federal Censuses with Online Links======
{| class="wikitable" width= "70%" style="display: inline-table;"
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1790|1790]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1800|1800 (Washington<br>Co. NW Territory)]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1810|1810 (Washington Co.)]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1820|1820]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1830|1830]]
|-
|Ohio not enumerated (Part of NW Territory)
|{{FSC|720623|item|disp=FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7590/ Ancestry.com]
|{{FSC|720620|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|{{RecordSearch|1803955|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7734/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803958|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8058/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1840|1840]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1850|1850]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1860|1860]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1870|1870]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1880|1880]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1786457|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8057/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1401638|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8054/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1473181|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7667/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1438024|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7163/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1417683|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6742/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1890|1890]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1900|1900]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1910|1910]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1920|1920]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1930|1930]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1610551|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5445/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1325221|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1727033|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1488411|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1810731|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1940|1940]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1950|1950]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1960|1960]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|2000219|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|4464515|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62308/ Ancestry.com]<br> [https://1950census.archives.gov/search/ NARA] 
|Release Date <br> April 1, 2032
|-
|}


For a list of available and missing Ohio censuses, [[Ohio Censuses Existing and Lost|click here]]. <br>
===Non-Population Schedules for Ohio===
Federal non-population schedules included such things mortality schedules, agriculture schedules, slave schedules, and manufacturing schedules.
{| class="wikitable" width= flexible style="display: inline-table;"
|-
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Year
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Type of Census
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;"| Links
|-
|1890
|Veterans
| at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8667/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1880
|Mortality (Partial)
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1880
|Industry
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1880
|Agriculture
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1870
|Mortality (Partial)
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1870
|Industry
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1870
|Agriculture
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1860
|Mortality
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1860
|Industry
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1860
|Agriculture
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1850
|Mortality (Partial)
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1850
|Industry
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1850
|Agriculture
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|1840
|Pensioners
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7678/ Ancestry] ($)
|-
|}


=== Federal Census  ===
===Existing and Lost Censuses===
*[[Ohio Censuses Existing and Lost|List of existing and lost federal censuses for Ohio]]


*'''1800 Census--'''Lists of territorial residents in 1800 also exist for Washington County.  
==Online State and Territorial Censuses==
*'''1810 Census--'''Returns for the 1810&nbsp;were almost entirely destroyed. All that remains of the 1810 census are the returns for Washington County. See [[Burned Counties Research|Burned Counties Research]] for tips.  
State censuses are census records that were taken at the state-level rather than at the federal. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments 5 years from when the Federal Census was taken, such as 1885. State censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing federal censuses. For more information on state censuses, visit [https://www.census.gov/history/www/genealogy/other_resources/state_censuses.html United States Census Bureau].<br><br>
*'''1820-1930 Census--'''The Family History Library has the U.S. Federal censuses of Ohio for 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920, and 1930.
Territorial censuses were taken by the federal government to count the population in federal territories. The government needed to count the population in the territory to see if it could qualify for statehood. For more information on territorial censuses, visit the [[United States Census Territorial|US Territorial Census page]].<br><br>
'''No state censuses were taken for Ohio.'''
==Quadrennial Censuses==
'''Ohio enumerated a quadrennial census at the county level. Some of these censuses still exist. Adult males age 21 and above were enumerated.'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width= flexible style="display: inline-table;"
|-
! County
! Year
! Links
! Format
|-
|Auglaize
|1851-1907
|at {{FSC|510009|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Ashtabula
|1811-1835, 1843
|at {{FSC|76496|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Washington
|1800, 1803
|at {{FSC|720623|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Miami County
|1827, 1835
|at {{FSC|124011|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|index & images
|-
|Clermont County
|1802
|at {{FSC|656881|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|Highland County
|1807
|at {{FSC|280133|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Clermont County
|1820-1830
|at {{FSC|264272|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Clermont County
|1820
|at {{FSC|464182|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Clermont County
|1801-1857
|at {{FSC|260444|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|index & images
|-
|Allen County
|1883, 1887
|at {{FSC|309613|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
| microfilm
|-
|Fairfield County
|1831, 1839, 1847, 1851, 1859
|at {{FSC|1361505|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Mercer County
|1827, 1843
|at {{FSC|1175245|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Logan County
|1827
|at {{FSC|1615017|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Clinton County
|1907
|at {{FSC|140204|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|Columbiana County
|1899-1903
|at {{FSC|140208|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Coshocton County
|1883, 1891
|at {{FSC|140216|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Gallia County
|1899
|at {{FSC|67071|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Hardin County
|1887-1907
|at {{FSC|263720|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|Lawrence County
|1891-1907
|at {{FSC|522144|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Perry County
|1847-1871, 1879-1887
|at {{FSC|522158|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Pickaway County
|1863, 1891, 1895, 1899
|at {{FSC|522170|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|images
|-
|Portage County
|1847
|at {{FSC|1582354|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Seneca County
|1899, 1903
|at {{FSC|309041|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|Van Wert County
|1887
|at {{FSC|1463048|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|book
|-
|Washington County
|1807-1911
|at {{FSC|2441431|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|Wood County
|1842-1899
|at {{FSC|284115|item|disp=FamilySearch}}
|microfilm
|-
|}


'''''1850 United States Census'''''—A free Internet index and images to the 1850 United States Census can be viewed on the [http://pilot.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#p=collectionDetails;t=searchable;c=1401638 FamilySearch Record Search – Pilot Site]. This index includes every name listed on the census and is linked to an image including information about each person’s residence and age in 1850, birthplace, occupation, other family members, and neighbors.
== Other Census Images ==


'''1860 United States Census'''''—A free Internet index and images to the 1860 United States Census can be viewed on the [http://search.labs.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#p=collectionDetails;t=searchable;c=1473181 FamilySearch Record Search – Pilot Site.] This index includes every name listed on the census and is linked to an image including information about each person’s residence and age in 1860, birthplace, occupation, other family members, whether married or single, and neighbors''
==Why Use the Census?==
State census records can be one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. Information varies based on year and location, but information that may be included in a census can include:
*Name of each person in the family at the time the census was taken
*Street or Avenue, or number Rural Free Delivery
*Sex
*Age
*Color
*Nativity
*Place of birth of this person
*Place of birth of Father of this person
*Place of birth of Mother of this person
*Period of Residence
*How long a resident of this State (years and months)
*How long a resident of this enumeration district (years and months)
*Regular occupation
*Military service


*'''1870 United States Census---'''A free internet index and images can be viewed on [http://pilot.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#p=collectionDetails;t=searchable;c=1438024 FamilySearch Record Pilot site]. This index includes the full name, age, sex, race, birthplace, occupation, month if born in census year, month if married in census year, birth place of father and mother, if born in a foreign country.
=== Sources and footnotes  ===


'''1880 United States Census'''– A Free Internet Index and Images to the US Census can be viewed on the [http://search.labs.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#p=collectionDetails;t=searchable;c=1417683 Family Search Record Pilot – Pilot Site.] This index includes an every name index to population schedules listing inhabitants. It includes the full name, race, sex, age, birth month (if born during the previous year), relationship to head of household, whether married, single or divorced, whether married during the previous year, country or state of birth of each person and his parent’s, occupation and street address and house number.
{{reflist}}


*'''1890&nbsp;Census--'''Returns for the 1890 were almost entirely destroyed. All that remains of the 1890 census are military schedules listing widows and pensioners from the Civil War. See [[Burned Counties Research|Burned Counties Research]] for tips.
{{Ohio|Ohio}} {{USCensus}}


'''1900 Federal Census''' - A free Internet index and images to the 1900 United States Census can be viewed on the&nbsp; [http://pilot.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#start FamilySearch Record Search – Pilot Site<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1236863911171_679" />]. Important additions to this census are month and year of birth of each household member, number of years married for each married person, number of children born to each mother and the number of those still living, year of immigration, and number of years in the United States.
[[Category:Ohio Census Records|Census]]
 
'''Census Substitute--'''Some early tax records have been compiled and indexed to substitute for the early censuses. <ref>Jackson, Ronald Vern, ed. ''Early Ohio Census Records''. Second Edition. Bountiful, Utah: Accelerated Indexing Systems, 1974. (Family History Library book 977.1 X2p.)</ref>
 
== Historical Background  ==
 
== Indexes  ==
 
'''Ancestry--'''All federal census years available for Ohio are indexed on [http://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry].
 
=== State Wide Indexes  ===
 
[[United States Census State Census|Statewide indexes]] for the 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860, and 1880 censuses are available in book format. [[Soundex|Soundex]] (phonetic) indexes are on microfilm for the 1880, 1900, 1910, and 1920 censuses. Be aware that the 1880 soundex index is incomplete and includes only those families with children born between 1870 and 1880. Either check the 1880 index in book format or search the actual census for the place where your ancestors lived.
 
When indexes are not available or a name is omitted from an index you can still look for the name in the census. To find a person who lived in a large city, it helps to first find his or her address in the city directory for the same year as the census (see [[Ohio Directories|Ohio Directories]]). Then look for that address on the original census schedules.
 
The following reference tools help determine which census schedule microfilm and enumeration district to search for specific addresses:
 
*''A Handy Guide to Record- Searching in the Larger Cities of the United States'' <ref>Kirkham, E. Kay. ''A Handy Guide to Record- Searching in the Larger Cities of the United States''. Logan, Utah: Everton, 1974. (Family History Library book 973 D27kc; fiche 6010059-60.) </ref>Includes ward maps and street indexes for Cincinnati, 1850 to 1855.
 
Census Descriptions of Geographic Subdivisions and Enumerations Districts.
 
:1830 Family History Library <ref>film 1402857 item 1&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1840 Family History Library <ref>film 1402857 item 2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1850 Family History Library <ref>film 1402858 item 1&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1860 Family History Library <ref>film 1402858 item 2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1870 Family History Library <ref>film 1402859&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1880 Family History Library <ref>film 1402862&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1900 Family History Library <ref>film 1303025&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1910 Family History Library <ref>film 1374009&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1920 Family History Library <ref>film 1842715&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;br&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref>
:1930 Family History Library <ref>film 2261295-6</ref>
 
<br>
 
*United States. Bureau of the Census. ''Cross Index to Selected City Streets and Enumeration Districts, 1910 Census'' <ref>(on 51 Family History Library fiche 6331481.)</ref> Often referred to as the 39 Cities Index, it lists street addresses with corresponding census enumeration districts for Canton, Cleveland, Dayton, and Youngstown.
 
<br>
 
== Special Censuses  ==
 
==== Mortality Schedules  ====
 
[[United States Census Census Mortality|Mortality schedules]] (lists of deaths in the year preceding the census) exist for the years 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880. The 1850 schedule includes only counties beginning alphabetically with Hamilton through Wyandot. The 1860 schedule includes all counties, the 1870 includes only Seneca County, and the 1880 includes the counties Adams through Geauga. These records are available at the [http://books.google.com/books?id=TGYlUjD2zi4C&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=State+library+of+ohio+mortality+schedules&source=web&ots=8wJSe9VOR4&sig=-4orXKOj6CVAzEgdRpa1bCGvZ1I&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&ct=result State Library of Ohio] and at the [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&keyword=mortality+schedules+ohio&prekeyword=mortality+schedules+ohio Family History Library]. Some have been indexed. For online mortality schedules see:&nbsp;[http://mortalityschedules.com/ Mortality Schedules 1850-1880]
 
'''1850 United States Census Mortality Schedules'''—A free Internet index and images to the 1850 United States Census Mortality Schedules can be viewed on the [http://pilot.familysearch.org/recordsearch/start.html#p=collectionDetails;t=searchable;c=1420441 FamilySearch Record Search - Pilot Site]. Mortality schedules provided nationwide death statistics for the twelve months&nbsp;prior to the 1850 census.&nbsp; Key genealogical facts found on the 1850 mortality&nbsp;schedule are: Name, age, sex, color, married or widowed, birthplace, month of death, occupation, cause of death.
 
== Territorial Censuses  ==
 
== Web Sites  ==
 
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/census/ohio.htm Access Genealogy]
*[http://www.ancestry.com Ancestry.com]
*[http://www.census-online.com/links/OH/ Census Online]
*[http://dir.genealogytoday.com/usa/oh/census.html Genealogy Today]
*[http://www.heritagequestonline.com Heritage Quest Online]
*[http://mortalityschedules.com/ Mortality Schedules]
 
== References  ==
 
<references />
 
[[Category:Ohio|Census]]
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