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Belgium Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
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{{Belgium | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Belgium | |||
|Name=Belgium | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Records | |||
|Records=Emigration and Immigration | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Belgium Genealogy|Belgium]] | | link1=[[Belgium Genealogy|Belgium]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
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<span style="color:DarkViolet"> '''These sources cover multiple countries'''. </span> | <span style="color:DarkViolet"> '''These sources cover multiple countries'''. </span> | ||
*[http://immigrants.byu.edu/search/simple Immigrant Ancestors Project] | *[http://immigrants.byu.edu/search/simple Immigrant Ancestors Project] | ||
*'''1835-1912''' | *'''1835-1912''' {{FSC|2646862|item|disp=Belgium, Aliens Police Individual Files Indices, 1835-1912}}, index & images | ||
*'''1840-1930''' {{RecordSearch|1477769|Belgium, Antwerp Police Immigration Index, 1840-1930}} at FamilySearch - [[Belgium, Antwerp, Police Immigration - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images. ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-30049/belgium-antwerp-police-immigration-index-1840-1930?s=252295941 MyHeritage]''; index & images | *'''1840-1930''' {{RecordSearch|1477769|Belgium, Antwerp Police Immigration Index, 1840-1930}} at FamilySearch - [[Belgium, Antwerp, Police Immigration - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images. ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-30049/belgium-antwerp-police-immigration-index-1840-1930?s=252295941 MyHeritage]''; index & images ($). Also at ''[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/9790/ Ancestry.com]''; index & images ($) | ||
*'''1850-1934''' | *'''1850-1934''' {{FSC|43289|item|disp=Auswandererlisten, 1850-1934}} (Hamburg passenger lists) at FamilySearch, images. | ||
*'''1850-1934''' [https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1068 Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934] at Ancestry | *'''1850-1934''' [https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1068 Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934] at Ancestry ($) index & images. | ||
*'''1855-1924''' [https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1166 Hamburg Passenger Lists, Handwritten Indexes, 1855-1934] at Ancestry | *'''1855-1924''' [https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1166 Hamburg Passenger Lists, Handwritten Indexes, 1855-1934] at Ancestry ($) images. | ||
*[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/hamburg-germany-emigrants Hamburg, Germany Emigrants] at Findmypast | *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/hamburg-germany-emigrants Hamburg, Germany Emigrants] at Findmypast ($) index. | ||
*'''1855''' | *'''1855''' {{FSC|56397|item|disp=Emigratie lijst, 1855}} Emigration to America from Germany-Italy-Switzerland-Luxembourg and France via Antwerpen Belgium. Images. | ||
*'''1878-1960''' [https://www.ancestry.co.uk/search/collections/1518/ UK and Ireland, Incoming Passenger Lists, 1878-1960] | *'''1878-1960''' [https://www.ancestry.co.uk/search/collections/1518/ UK and Ireland, Incoming Passenger Lists, 1878-1960] at Ancestry - index & images ($) | ||
*'''1890-1960''' [https://www.findmypast.com/search/results?sourcecategory=travel+%26+migration&sid=101&destinationcountry=belgium Passenger Lists Leaving UK 1890-1960] at Findmypast | *'''1890-1960''' [https://www.findmypast.com/search/results?sourcecategory=travel+%26+migration&sid=101&destinationcountry=belgium Passenger Lists Leaving UK 1890-1960] at Findmypast - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Belgium | ||
*'''1892-1924''' [https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?q.anyPlace=Belgium&q.anyPlace.exact=on&f.collectionId=1368704&count=20&offset=0&m.defaultFacets=on&m.queryRequireDefault=on&m.facetNestCollectionInCategory=on New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924] Search results for Belgium | *'''1892-1924''' [https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?q.anyPlace=Belgium&q.anyPlace.exact=on&f.collectionId=1368704&count=20&offset=0&m.defaultFacets=on&m.queryRequireDefault=on&m.facetNestCollectionInCategory=on New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1924] Search results for Belgium | ||
*'''1901-1919''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/9791/ Belgium, Antwerp Police Immigration, 1901-1919] - Ancestry, images only ($) | *'''1901-1919''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/9791/ Belgium, Antwerp Police Immigration, 1901-1919] - Ancestry, images only ($) | ||
*'''1904-1914''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-30240/germany-bremen-passenger-departure-lists-1904-1914?s=252295941 Germany, Bremen Passenger Departure Lists, 1904-1914] at MyHeritage | *'''1904-1914''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-30240/germany-bremen-passenger-departure-lists-1904-1914?s=252295941 Germany, Bremen Passenger Departure Lists, 1904-1914] at MyHeritage - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Belgium | ||
*'''1917-1920''' | *'''1917-1920''' {{FSC|2780601|item|disp=Belgium, Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Registers Tijdelijk Verblijt, 1917-1920}} (Register of non-Citizens applying for "Temporary Stay" during World War I) | ||
*'''1921-1939''' | *'''1921-1939''' {{FSC|595113|item|disp=Reseñas de pasaportes de varios consulados, 1921-1939}}; images only - includes those in Belgium | ||
*'''1946-1971''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61704/ Free Access: Africa, Asia and Europe, Passenger Lists of Displaced Persons, 1946-1971] Ancestry, free. Index and images. Passenger lists of immigrants leaving Germany and other European ports and airports between 1946-1971. The majority of the immigrants listed in this collection are displaced persons - Holocaust survivors, former concentration camp inmates and Nazi forced laborers, as well as refugees from Central and Eastern European countries and some non-European countries. | *'''1946-1971''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61704/ Free Access: Africa, Asia and Europe, Passenger Lists of Displaced Persons, 1946-1971] Ancestry, free. Index and images. Passenger lists of immigrants leaving Germany and other European ports and airports between 1946-1971. The majority of the immigrants listed in this collection are displaced persons - Holocaust survivors, former concentration camp inmates and Nazi forced laborers, as well as refugees from Central and Eastern European countries and some non-European countries. | ||
*[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=1gEPDH-Y5EEmL_78yhM2a4zc81C6_yVU&ll=44.667225129560414%2C-27.848331045285764&z=4 World Passenger Lists Maps] | |||
*[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62195/ Free Access: USC Shoah Foundation, Holocaust – Jewish Survivor Interviews] | *[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62195/ Free Access: USC Shoah Foundation, Holocaust – Jewish Survivor Interviews] | ||
*[https://immigrantships.net/index.html Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild] Choose a volume and then choose Belgium under "Listed by Port of Departure" or "Listed by Port of Arrival". | *[https://immigrantships.net/index.html Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild] Choose a volume and then choose Belgium under "Listed by Port of Departure" or "Listed by Port of Arrival". | ||
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===Germany=== | ===Germany=== | ||
====Germany Online Records==== | ====Germany Online Records==== | ||
*'''1582-1585''' | *'''1582-1585''' {{FSC|349311|item|disp=Les exilés Anversois a Cologne (The Antwerp exiles in Cologne) 1582-1585}} | ||
====Germany Background==== | ====Germany Background==== | ||
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====United States Online Sources==== | ====United States Online Sources==== | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/789123-aux-wallons-qui-fonderent-new-york-epherides-pour-le-troisieme-centenaire?viewer=1&offset=0#page=16&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q= Aux Wallons qui fondèrent New-York : éphérides pour le troisième centenaire (To the Walloons who founded New York)] e-book, in French. This is a chronology of the founding of New York state and highlights the contributions made by the Walloons. The primary source of information was the log of Jessé de Forest, the founder of Neuf-Avesnes which was later named New York. Includes an incomplete list of Walloon emigrants. | *[https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/789123-aux-wallons-qui-fonderent-new-york-epherides-pour-le-troisieme-centenaire?viewer=1&offset=0#page=16&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q= Aux Wallons qui fondèrent New-York : éphérides pour le troisième centenaire (To the Walloons who founded New York)] e-book, in French. This is a chronology of the founding of New York state and highlights the contributions made by the Walloons. The primary source of information was the log of Jessé de Forest, the founder of Neuf-Avesnes which was later named New York. Includes an incomplete list of Walloon emigrants. | ||
*'''1821-1873''' | *'''1821-1873''' {{FSC|1408732|item|disp=The Belgian compass}} Lists ships leaving Antwerp, Belgium and arriving mainly in New York and Boston. Volume 1. 12 February 1821 to 16 January 1860 -- Volume 2. 8 May 1848 to 17 May 1873. | ||
*[[United States Emigration and Immigration]] – Wiki page with additional larger databases which also include Belgians | *[[United States Emigration and Immigration]] – Wiki page with additional larger databases which also include Belgians | ||
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As of 2007, nearly 92% of the population had Belgian citizenship, and other European Union member citizens account for around 6%. The prevalent foreign nationals were Italian (171,918), French (125,061), Dutch (116,970), Moroccan (80,579), Portuguese (43,509), Spanish (42,765), Turkish (39,419) and German (37,621). In 2007, there were 1.38 million foreign-born residents in Belgium, corresponding to 12.9% of the total population. | As of 2007, nearly 92% of the population had Belgian citizenship, and other European Union member citizens account for around 6%. The prevalent foreign nationals were Italian (171,918), French (125,061), Dutch (116,970), Moroccan (80,579), Portuguese (43,509), Spanish (42,765), Turkish (39,419) and German (37,621). In 2007, there were 1.38 million foreign-born residents in Belgium, corresponding to 12.9% of the total population. | ||
At the beginning of 2012, people of foreign background and their descendants were estimated to have formed around 25% of the total population i.e. 2.8 million new Belgians. Of these new Belgians, 1,200,000 are of European ancestry and 1,350,000 are from non-Western countries (most of them from '''Morocco, | At the beginning of 2012, people of foreign background and their descendants were estimated to have formed around 25% of the total population i.e. 2.8 million new Belgians. Of these new Belgians, 1,200,000 are of European ancestry and 1,350,000 are from non-Western countries (most of them from '''Morocco, Türkiye, and the DR Congo'''). Since the modification of the Belgian nationality law in 1984 more than 1.3 million migrants have acquired Belgian citizenship. The largest group of immigrants and their descendants in Belgium are '''Moroccans'''.<ref>"Belgium", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium, accessed 3 May 2021.</ref> | ||
===Belgo-Congolese, Belgo-Rwandans and Belgo-Burundians=== | ===Belgo-Congolese, Belgo-Rwandans and Belgo-Burundians=== | ||
*On 18 October 1908, the Belgian Parliament voted in favour of annexing the Congo as a Belgian colony. On 15 November 1908 the '''Belgian Congo''' became a colony of the Belgian Kingdom. | *On 18 October 1908, the Belgian Parliament voted in favour of annexing the Congo as a Belgian colony. On 15 November 1908 the '''Belgian Congo''' became a colony of the Belgian Kingdom. | ||
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*In Belgium, the number of people of Moroccan origin (at least one parent born with Moroccan nationality) was 430,000 as of 1 January 2012, or about 4% of the country's population. This proportion is 6.7% for those under 15 years of age. This figure has more than doubled in 20 years. With a percentage of 4%, the Moroccan population (counting the Belgians of Moroccan origin) has the highest percentage in Europe among Moroccans residing abroad.<ref>"Moroccans in Belgium", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccans_in_Belgium, accessed 5 May 2021.</ref> | *In Belgium, the number of people of Moroccan origin (at least one parent born with Moroccan nationality) was 430,000 as of 1 January 2012, or about 4% of the country's population. This proportion is 6.7% for those under 15 years of age. This figure has more than doubled in 20 years. With a percentage of 4%, the Moroccan population (counting the Belgians of Moroccan origin) has the highest percentage in Europe among Moroccans residing abroad.<ref>"Moroccans in Belgium", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccans_in_Belgium, accessed 5 May 2021.</ref> | ||
===Turks in Belgium=== | ===Turks in Belgium=== | ||
*Turks in Belgium, also referred to as '''Turkish Belgians or Belgian Turks''', are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Belgium. The majority of Belgian Turks descend from the '''Republic of | *Turks in Belgium, also referred to as '''Turkish Belgians or Belgian Turks''', are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Belgium. The majority of Belgian Turks descend from the '''Republic of Türkiye'''; however there has also been significant Turkish migration from '''other post-Ottoman countries including ethnic Turkish communities which have come to Belgium from the Balkans (especially from Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Romania), the island of Cyprus, and more recently Iraq and Syria.''' | ||
*Turkish migration to Belgium began in the 1960s when Belgium was actively encouraging immigration to meet its employment needs in an era of rapid economic expansion.These immigrants were welcomed as '''"guest workers"''' when | *Turkish migration to Belgium began in the 1960s when Belgium was actively encouraging immigration to meet its employment needs in an era of rapid economic expansion.These immigrants were welcomed as '''"guest workers"''' when Türkiye signed a bilateral agreement with Belgium in July 1964. As mainly unskilled labourers, Turkish immigrants hoped to make a fortune in a short time and then return to Türkiye. The majority of Turkish migrants arrived from the '''rural regions of central Anatolian provinces, particularly from Afyon, Eskisehir, and Kayseri'''.Many settled in the industrialised areas and later brought families when Belgium attempted to resolve the growing problem of low population by '''encouraging family reunions.''' | ||
*Since the entry of Bulgaria into the European Union, thousands of '''Bulgarian Turks''', among whom many were already working in Belgium as undocumented foreigners, have established themselves under the status of independent workers, i.e. officially minor associates in small firms, mostly in the building and cleaning sector. | *Since the entry of Bulgaria into the European Union, thousands of '''Bulgarian Turks''', among whom many were already working in Belgium as undocumented foreigners, have established themselves under the status of independent workers, i.e. officially minor associates in small firms, mostly in the building and cleaning sector. | ||
*The majority of Turks living in Belgium originate from the region of '''Emirdağ although there are also many Turks from Sivas and Piribeyli''' who found their way to Belgium. Some 49.8% live in the Flemish region, 25.2% in Wallonia, and 25% in Brussels. Turks from the same region in | *The majority of Turks living in Belgium originate from the region of '''Emirdağ although there are also many Turks from Sivas and Piribeyli''' who found their way to Belgium. Some 49.8% live in the Flemish region, 25.2% in Wallonia, and 25% in Brussels. Turks from the same region in Türkiye also tend to congregate not only in the same cities but also in the same quarters. The majority of Turks live in the Schaarbeek commune. | ||
*The census of 1970 counted 21,000 Turks; in the part-census of 1977 this figure had risen to 60,000. In 1993, some 88,269 people with Turkish nationality were registered in Belgium. <ref>"Turks in Belgium", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks_in_Belgium, accessed 5 May 2021.</ref> | *The census of 1970 counted 21,000 Turks; in the part-census of 1977 this figure had risen to 60,000. In 1993, some 88,269 people with Turkish nationality were registered in Belgium. <ref>"Turks in Belgium", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks_in_Belgium, accessed 5 May 2021.</ref> | ||
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*[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234817614.pdf The Walloons in Sweden]<br> | *[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234817614.pdf The Walloons in Sweden]<br> | ||
Many additional sources are listed in the FamilySearch catalog: | Many additional sources are listed in the FamilySearch catalog: | ||
*{{FSC| | *{{FSC|Belgium - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=2086726310|disp=Belgium - Emigration and immigration}} | ||
*{{FSC| | *{{FSC|Belgium - Emigration and immigration - Indexes|subject|subject-id=1347932327|disp=Belgium - Emigration and immigration - Indexes}} | ||
*{{FSC| | *{{FSC|Walloons - Sweden|subject|subject-id=2004660784|disp=Walloons - Sweden}} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||