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This list contains German words with their English translations. On most computers, CTL+F will search this page for the word you wish to translate. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a German-English dictionary. Latin words are often found in German records, and a few are included in this list. See the [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Word List]] (34077).
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==Introduction==


German is spoken in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. Records written in German may be found in these countries and also in parts of Poland, Denmark, Luxembourg, Czech Republic, Hungary, and wherever German people settled. There are several different dialects in the German language. For example, in the province of Westfalen and other areas of Germany that border the Netherlands, you may notice words that are closely related to Dutch words. You may find the Dutch word list useful when working with these records.  
This list contains German words with their English translations. On most computers, simultaneously pressing CTRL and F (Command and F, if on a Mac) will search this page for the word you wish to translate. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a German-English dictionary, the online [http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/DWB Grimm Deutsches Wörterbuch] (one of the best sources), or other regional online dictionaries found at [http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de woerterbuchnetz.de]. Latin words are often found in German records, and a few are included in this list. See the [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]] (34077).  


In addition, German is found in some early records of the United States, such as in Pennsylvania, Texas, Wisconsin, and other states where Germans lived.  
German is spoken in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. Records written in German may be found in these countries and also in parts of Poland, Denmark, Luxembourg, Czechia, Hungary, and wherever German people settled. There are several different dialects in the German language. For example, in the province of Westfalen and other areas of Germany that border the Netherlands, you may notice words that are closely related to Dutch. You may find the [[Dutch Genealogical Word List|Dutch Genealogical Word List]] useful when working with these records.  


=== Language Characteristics  ===
In addition, German is found in some early records of the United States, such as in Pennsylvania, Texas, Wisconsin, and other states where Germans lived.


German words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are always capitalized. All nouns are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. This classification is called gender. The gender of a noun is indicated by der (masculine), die (feminine), and das (neuter), which translates as "the." Word endings may vary, depending on the way the words are used in the sentence.
==Language Characteristics==


'''Variant Forms of Words'''
German words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are always capitalized. All nouns are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. This classification is called gender. The gender of a noun is indicated by der (masculine), die (feminine), and das (neuter), all three of which translate as "the." Word endings may vary depending on the way the words are used in the sentence.


In German, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in the sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries— married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In German, the form of many words can change greatly. This word list gives the standard form of each German word. As you read German records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage.  
===Variant Forms of Words===
In German, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in the sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In German, the form of many words can change greatly. This word list focuses on the standard form of each German word. As you read German records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage.  


The endings of words in a document may differ from those on this list. For example, the document may use the word junger, but you will find it in this word list as jung. In addition, the suffixes -chen and -lein are often added to words to indicate "little." Therefore, the word Söhnchen means "little or young son," and Töchterlein means "little or young daughter."
The endings of words in a document may differ from those on this list. For example, the document may use the word junger, but you will find it in this word list as jung. In addition, the suffixes -chen and -lein are often added to words to indicate "little"; when one of these suffixes is added, the vowel usually changes slightly. Therefore, the word Söhnchen means "little or young son" (Sohn = son) and Töchterlein means "little or young daughter" (Tochter = daughter).  


Adjectives describe nouns and must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings. For example, in German you would say "junger Mann" (young man) or "junges Mädchen" (young maiden) if man and maiden are the subjects of a sentence. Adjective endings can change depending on usage and gender.  
Adjectives describe nouns and must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings. For example, in German you would say "junger Mann" (young man), "junges Mädchen" (young maiden), or "junge Frau" (young woman) if a man, maiden, and woman are the subjects of a sentence. Adjective endings can change depending on usage and gender.  


Plural words are usually formed by adding -er, -en, or -e. Thus the word Kind becomes Kinder, Frau becomes Frauen, and Aufgebot becomes Aufgebote. Plurality may also change the vowel slightly. For example, Mann becomes Männer.  
Plural words are usually formed by adding -er, -en, or -e. Thus the word Kind becomes Kinder, Frau becomes Frauen, and Aufgebot becomes Aufgebote. Plurality may also change the vowel slightly. For example, Mann becomes Männer.  


In German, many words are formed by joining two or more words. Very few of these compound words are included in this list. You will need to look up each part of the word separately. For example, Geburtstag is a combination of two words, Geburt (birth) and Tag (day).  
In German, many words are formed by joining two or more words together. Very few of these compound words are included in this list. You will need to look up each part of the word separately. For example, Geburtstag is a combination of two words: Geburt (birth) and Tag (day).  
 
===Dialects===
Germany has a range of different dialects. These can be grouped into two main groups: Low German spoken in the northern lowlands of Germany, and High German spoken in the more mountainous south. Traditional dialects form a continuum as opposed to sharp charges, with dialects slowing becoming more "Low German" as one moves towards the north. Dutch dialects can be viewed as a continuation of this continuum. 


=== Diacritic Marks  ===
High German has become the most "standard" dialect of German. See these wiki articles for specific information on Low German: [[Low German Language in German Research]], [[The Dialect Basis of Spelling Variation in German Surnames]], [[Spelling Variants in the Northern Rheinland]].


Written German uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are Ä (ä), Ö (ö), Ü (ü), and ß. Historically, German also included Ÿ (ÿ) which today have been primarily replaced phonetically with the letters I (i) and Ü (ü).
==Diacritic Marks==


For data entry and some searches, it is useful to know how to create these characters. Note: Do not use diacritics when searching in the Family History Library catalog.  
German uses diacritics over several letters, i.e. Ä (ä), Ö (ö), Ü (ü). These diacritics are not optional in German because the pronunciation and meaning of a word will be changed depending on whether the diacritic is added or omitted. There is another symbol that will be found in German, namely ß.  It has the value of <ss>. Historically, German also included Ÿ (ÿ) which today has been replaced with the letters I (i) and Ü (ü).  


From a PC keyboard, these letters may be created by using the following keystroke combinations:
For data entry and some searches, it is useful to know how to create these characters. Note: Do not use diacritics when searching in the FamilySearch Catalog.
 
From a PC keyboard, these letters may be created by using the following keystroke combinations.  Make sure the '''''number lock''''' is on.


{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''Letter'''  
| width="25%" |'''Letter'''
| width="25%" | '''Code'''  
| width="25%" |'''Code'''
| width="25%" | '''Letter'''  
| width="25%" |'''Letter'''
| width="25%" | '''Code'''
| width="25%" |'''Code'''
|-
|-
| Ä  
|Ä
| Alt + 0196
|Alt + 142
| ä  
|ä
| Alt + 0228
|Alt + 132
|-
|-
| Ö  
|Ö
| Alt + 0214
|Alt + 153
| ö  
|ö
| Alt + 0246
|Alt + 148
|-
|-
| Ü  
|Ü
| Alt + 0220
|Alt + 154
| ü  
|ü
| Alt + 0252
|Alt + 129
|-
|-
| ß  
|ß
| Alt + 0223
|Alt + 225
| &nbsp;
|  
| &nbsp;
|  
|-
|-
| Ÿ  
|Ÿ
| Alt + 0159
|Alt + 376
| ÿ  
|ÿ
| Alt + 0225
|Alt + 152
|}
|}
On a Linux system it is possible to use a control combination with the Unicode code for the characters.  Using the '''left''' Ctrl and Shift keys and the U key at the same time, then type the code and hit Enter.  For example, left Ctrl-Shift-U then c then 4 then enter will produce Ä, Ctrl-Shift-U then dc is Ü, and so on.  For a complete list of codes, reference https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters.


=== Alphabetical Order ===
==Alphabetical Order==


German letters with diacritic marks will be alphabetized in this publication as though they were a, o, u, and ss. However, many dictionaries and gazetteers will alphabetize these characters as if they were ae, oe, ue, and ss.  
German letters with diacritic marks will be alphabetized in this publication as though they were a, o, u, and ss. However, many dictionaries and gazetteers will alphabetize these characters as if they were ae, oe, ue, and ss.  


=== Spelling ===
==Spelling==


Because spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries, spelling variations are common. Local dialect often affects the spelling in genealogical records. In German records, the following letters are sometimes used interchangeably:  
Because spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries, spelling variations are common. Local dialect often affects the spelling in genealogical records, and a person's name may show up spelled in numerous ways in various records (sometimes even within a single record). In German records, the following letters are sometimes used interchangeably:  


*p used for b  
*p used for b
*a used for e  
*a used for e
*t used for d or dt  
*t used for d or dt
*s used for z  
*s used for z
*ck used for k  
*ck used for k
*y used for i or j  
*y used for i or j
*v used for w or f  
*v used for w or f
*k used for g  
*k used for g
*tz used for z  
*tz used for z
*ig used for isch or ich  
*ig used for isch or ich
*t used for th  
*t used for th
*u used for i
*u used for i


Examples:  
Examples:  


*Freytag for Freitag  
*Freytag for Freitag
*Burckhart for Burkhard  
*Burckhart for Burkhard
*Waldpurga for Waldburga  
*Waldpurga for Waldburga
*undt for und
*undt for und


=== Additional Resources  ===
== Transcription ==


This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a German-English dictionary. Several German-English dictionaries are available in the Family History Library. These are in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 433.21.  
In transcriptions of German handwriting some errors are prevalent:
 
*n transcribed u or w
*e transcribed n or r
*r transcribed s
*Z transcribed F, G, J, or L
*z transcribed g or y
 
== Transliteration ==
 
Transliteration between languages (especially in personal names) is seen as a result of migration and due to the geographical proximity of languages.  The German letters s and z are notably affected. As such, e.g., a German name containing the letter s is likely to appear with the letters sz in Hungarian.
 
* German s = Hungarian sz
* German sh = Hungarian s
* German z = Hungarian cz = Dutch s
 
==Additional Resources==
 
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a German-English dictionary. Several German-English dictionaries are available in the FamilySearch Library. These are in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 433.21.  


Particularly helpful dictionaries include:  
Particularly helpful dictionaries include:  


*''Langenscheidt New Muret-Sanders Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English and German Languages''. Berlin, Germany: Langenscheidt, 1969, 1974 (FHL book 433.21 Sp83n).
*''Langenscheidt New Muret-Sanders Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English and German Languages''. Berlin, Germany: Langenscheidt, 1969, 1974 (FS Library book 433.21 Sp83n).


*''The New Cassell’s German Dictionary, German-English, English-German''. New York, NY, USA: Funk and Wagnalls, Inc., 1971 (FHL book 433.211 C272 1971).
*''The New Cassell’s German Dictionary, German-English, English-German''. New York, NY, USA: Funk and Wagnalls, Inc., 1971 (FS Library book 433.211 C272 1971).


*''Rudy's List of Archaic Medical Terms''. German and Latin terms are included at this [http://www.antiquusmorbus.com/ website].
*''Rudy's List of Archaic Medical Terms''. German and Latin terms are included at this [http://www.antiquusmorbus.com/ website].


*''Das Deutsche Wörterbuch / Deutsches Wörterbuch (DWB, The "German Dictionary" / "German Dictionary")'' is one of the most important dictionaries of the German language. Written entirely in German, the dictionary contains 32 volumes and includes about 350,000 main entries. It is particularly useful for finding the meaning of words in genealogical documents that are no longer used in modern German. See the online version by clicking [http://germazope.uni-trier.de:8080/Projekte/WBB2009/DWB/wbgui_py?lemid= here] during the times that Uni Trier has it on line.
*''Das Deutsche Wörterbuch / Deutsches Wörterbuch (DWB, The "German Dictionary" / "German Dictionary")'' is one of the most important dictionaries of the German language. Written entirely in German, the dictionary contains 32 volumes and includes about 350,000 main entries. It is particularly useful for finding the meaning of words in genealogical documents that are no longer used in modern German. See the online version by clicking [http://www.dwb.uni-trier.de/ here].
 
*''[http://www.kruenitz1.uni-trier.de/ Oeconomische Encyclopädie online]'' Encyclopedia of archaic German terms (German to German).
 
Additional dictionaries are listed in the subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under GERMAN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the locality section under GERMANY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.
 
*[https://script.byu.edu/german-handwriting/introduction BYU Script German Tutorials]


Additional dictionaries are listed in the subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under GERMAN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the locality section under GERMANY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.
For resources showing how any name or word looks written in the old German script, see Language Aids at [[Germany Languages]].


=== Key Words ===
==Key Words==


To find and use specific types of German records, you will need to know some key words in German. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the German words with the same or similar meanings.  
To find and use specific types of German records, you will need to know some key words in German. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the German words with the same or similar meanings.  
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{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''English'''  
| width="25%" |'''English'''
| '''German'''
|'''German'''
|-
|birth
|Geburten, Geburtsregister, Geborene, geboren
|-
|-
| birth
|burial
| Geburten, Geburtsregister, Geborene, geboren
|Beerdigungen, begraben, Begräbnisse, bestattet, beerdigt
|-
|-
| burial
|Catholic
| Beerdigungen, begraben, Begräbnisse, bestattet, beerdigt
|katholisch
|-
|-
| Catholic
|census
| katholisch
|Volkszählung
|-
|-
| child  
|child
| Kind, Kinder
|Kind, Kinder
|-
|-
| christening  
|christening
| Taufe, Taufen, Getaufte
|Taufe, Taufen, Getaufte
|-
|-
| confirmations  
|confirmations
| Konfirmationen, Firmungen
|Konfirmationen, Firmungen
|-
|-
| civil registry  
|civil registry
| Standesamt
|Standesamt
|-
|-
| death  
|death
| Tote, Tod, sterben, starb, verstorben, gestorben, Sterbefall
|Tote, Tod, sterben, starb, verstorben, gestorben, Sterbefall
|-
|-
| father  
|father
| Vater
|Vater
|-
|-
| husband  
|husband
| Mann, Ehemann, Gatte
|Mann, Ehemann, Gatte
|-
|-
| index  
|index
| Verzeichnis, Register
|Verzeichnis, Register
|-
|-
| Jewish  
|Jewish
| jüdisch, Jude(n), israelitisch
|jüdisch, Jude(n), israelitisch
|-
|-
| marriage banns  
|marriage banns
| Proklamationen, Aufgebote, Verkündigungen
|Proklamationen, Aufgebote, Verkündigungen
|-
|-
| marriage  
|marriage
| Heiraten, Trauungen, Getraute, Ehe, Kopulation, kopulieren, verheiratet, Verehelichungen, Eheschliessungen
|Heiraten, Trauungen, Getraute, Ehe, Kopulation, kopulieren, verheiratet, Verehelichungen, Eheschliessungen
|-
|-
| month  
|month
| Monat
|Monat
|-
|-
| mother  
|mother
| Mutter
|Mutter
|-
|-
| name, given  
|name, given
| Vorname, Name
|Vorname, Name
|-
|-
| name, surname  
|name, surname
| Zuname, Familienname, Geschlechtsname, Name
|Zuname, Familienname, Geschlechtsname, Name
|-
|-
| parents  
|parents
| Eltern
|Eltern
|-
|-
| parish  
|parish
| Pfarrei, Kirchspiel, Gemeinde
|Pfarrei, Kirchspiel, Gemeinde
|-
|-
| Protestant  
|Protestant
| evangelisch, lutherisch, Protestant
|evangelisch, lutherisch, Protestant
|-
|-
| Reformed  
|Reformed
| reformiert
|reformiert
|-
|-
| wife  
|wife
| Frau, Ehegattin, Weib, Ehefrau, Hausfrau, Gattin
|Frau, Ehefrau, Hausfrau, Weib, Eheweib, Gattin, Ehegattin
|-
|-
| year  
|year
| Jahr
|Jahr
|}
|}


=== General Word List  ===
==Dates/Time==
 
In German records, dates are often written out. For example:
 
Freitag den vierzehnten Februar achtzehnhundert sechs und dreißig [Friday, the 14th of February, eighteen hundred six and thirty (1836)].


Note: In German, letters with diacritical marks are alphabetized as if they did not have a diacritical mark. In some other languages, they are alphabetized separately.  
To understand German dates, use the following lists as well as the “Numbers” section on this wiki page.


==== A  ====
===Months===


{| width="100%" border="1"
{|
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|'''German'''
|-
|-
| A. = Amt, Amtsbezirk
|January
| government office, official district
|Januar, Jänner, Hartung, Jenner
|-
|-
| Ab., Abe. = Abbaue(e), Ausbau(e)
|February
| surface mine(s)
|Februar, Hornung
|-
|-
| Abt. = Abteilung
|March
| department
|März, Frühlingsmonat
|-
|-
| a/d = an der, auf der
|April
| on the, by the (followed by the name of a river or other geographical feature)
|April, Ostermonat, Osteren
|-
|-
| A.G. = Amtsgericht
|May
| lower court, county court
|Mai, Wonnemonat, Blütemonat
|-
|-
| Anh. = Anhalt
|June
| duchy
|Juni, Brachmonat
|-
|-
| ab
|July
| from, since
|Juli, Heuert, Heumonat, Heuet
|-
|-
| Abbauer
|August
| tenant on a (new, split-off) farm; heir with a small part of a farm (usually a second son)
|August, Erntemonat, Hitzmonat
|-
|-
| Abdecker
|September
| skinner
|September, Fruchtmonat, Herbstmonat, Herpsten, 7ber, 7bris
|-
|-
| Abend
|October
| evening
|Oktober, Weinmonat, 8ber, 8bris
|-
|-
| Abendmahlgast
|November
| communicant
|November, Wintermonat, 9ber, 9bris
|-
|-
| abends
|December
| in the evening
|Dezember, Christmonat, 10ber, 10bris, Xber, Xbris
|}
 
A more extensive list of [[Month Names in German|month names in German]].
 
===Days of the Week===
 
{|
|-
|-
| Abenteurer
|'''English'''
| jeweler, jewel trader; adventurer
|  
|'''German'''
|-
|-
| aber
|Sunday
| but
|  
|Sonntag
|-
|-
| abgestorben
|Monday
| deceased
|  
|Montag
|-
|-
| Ablader
|Tuesday
| longshoreman
|  
|Dienstag
|-
|-
| Abnahmemann
|Wednesday
| retired farmer on life estate
|  
|Mittwoch
|-
|-
| Abnehmer
|Thursday
| photographer
|  
|Donnerstag
|-
|-
| Abschiedsmann
|Friday
| man retired on life estate
|  
|Freitag, Freytag
|-
|-
| absterben
|Saturday
| to die, to die off
|  
|-
|Samstag, Sonnabend
| Abstreifer
|}
| renderer; flayer
 
|-
See also:
| acht
 
| eight
*[[Week Day Symbols|Special symbols used for week days]].
 
<br>
 
===Times of the Day===
 
German birth and death records often indicated the exact time of day when the birth or death occurred. This is usually written out.
 
{|
|'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| achte
|ein Uhr
| eighth
|one (o’clock)
|-
|-
| Achter
|zwei Uhr
| juryman
|two (o’clock)
|-
|-
| achtundzwanzigste
|drei Uhr
| twenty-eighth
|three (o’clock)
|-
|-
| achtzehn
|halb eins
| eighteen
|half one = 12:30
|-
|-
| achtzehnhundert
|halb zwei
| eighteen hundred
|half two = 1:30
|-
|-
| achtzehnte
|halbe Stunde
| eighteenth
|half hour
|-
|-
| achtzig
|Stunde
| eighty
|hour
|-
|-
| achtzigste
|früh
| eightieth
|early (a.m.)
|-
|-
| Ackermann
|spät
| farmer
|late (p.m.)
|-
|-
| Adel
|morgens
| gentry, nobleman
|in the morning
|-
|-
| a.D. = außer Dienst
|vormittags
| formerly employed, retired
|in the forenoon
|-
|-
| adoptiert
|mittags
| adopted
|at noon
|-
|-
| Ahnen
|nachmittags
| ancestors
|in the afternoon
|-
|-
| Ahnentafel
|abends
| pedigree chart
|in the evening
|-
|-
| Akten
|mitternachts
| documents
|at midnight
|-
|Diesen tag
|this (very) day, today
|-
|}
 
===Symbols===
 
Sometimes a symbol is used in German genealogical sources rather than abbreviations. Some of these are shown at [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Genealogische_Symbole_und_Zeichen GenWiki, Genealogical Symbols and Signs].
 
<br>
 
==Occupations==
*[[Media:German Occupations Vocabulary.pdf|German Occupations Vocabulary handout]]
*[http://www.ahnenforschung-benz.de/gewerbe.htm Berufe und Sozialstatus der Vorfahren] In German.<br>An excellent analysis of historical German occupations and social status.<br>'''Hint:''' Use a web-based translator or translator/browser like Chrome to see this in passable English.
 
==Medical Terminology==
*[[Media:Illnesses Vocabulary-Kurrent-german.pdf|Illnesses Vocabulary handout]]
*[http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Krankheitsbezeichnung German Medical Terminology] - includes historical illnesses and medical terms
 
==Numbers==
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| alle
| width="15%" |'''Number'''
| all
|'''Cardinal (English)'''
|'''Cardinal (German)'''
|'''Ordinal (German)'''
|-
|-
| allhier
|1
| in this place
|one
|eins
|erste
|-
|-
| alt
|2
| old
|two
|zwei<br>zweÿ
|zweite
|-
|-
| Altbürger
|3
| full citizen
|three
|drei<br>dreÿ
|dritte
|-
|-
| Alter
|4
| age
|four
|vier
|vierte
|-
|-
| Altersschwäche
|5
| weakness of old age
|five
|fünf
|fünfte
|-
|-
| ältest
|6
| eldest
|six
|sechs
|sechste
|-
|-
| alt-katholisch
|7
| old Catholic
|seven
|sieben
|siebte
|-
|-
| Amman
|8
| bailiff, magistrate
|eight
|acht
|achte
|-
|-
| Amt
|9
| office, district
|nine
|neun
|neunte
|-
|-
| Anbauer
|10
| peasant
|ten
|zehn
|zehnte
|-
|-
| andere
|11
| other, next
|eleven
|elf<br>eilf
|elfte<br>eilfte
|-
|-
| Angeber
|12
| informant
|twelve
|zwölf
|zwölfte
|-
|-
| angeblich
|13
| alleged, assumed
|thirteen
|dreizehn
|dreizehnte
|-
|-
| Anhalt
|14
| duchy
|fourteen
|vierzehn
|vierzehnte
|-
|-
| Anmerkungen
|15
| remarks
|fifteen
|fünfzehn
|fünfzehnte
|-
|-
| Anspänner
|16
| farmer
|sixteen
|sechzehn
|sechzehnte
|-
|-
| apostolisch
|17
| Apostolic
|seventeen
|siebzehn
|siebzehnte
|-
|-
| April
|18
| April
|eighteen
|achtzehn
|achtzehnte
|-
|-
| Arbeiter
|19
| laborer, worker
|nineteen
|neunzehn
|neunzehnte
|-
|-
| Archiv
|20
| archive
|twenty
|zwanzig
|zwanzigste
|-
|-
| arm
|21
| poor
|twenty-one
|einundzwanzig
|einundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Armut
|22
| poverty
|twenty-two
|zweiundzwanzig
|zweiundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Arzt
|23
| physician
|twenty-three
|dreiundzwanzig
|dreiundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| auch
|24
| also, too
|twenty-four
|vierundzwanzig
|vierundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| auf
|25
| on, upon, at
|twenty-five
|fünfundzwanzig
|fünfundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| aufbieten
|26
| post banns
|twenty-six
|sechsundzwanzig
|sechsundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Aufenthaltserlaubnis
|27
| residence permit
|twenty-seven
|siebenundzwanzig
|siebenundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Aufenthaltsort
|28
| residence
|twenty-eight
|achtundzwanzig
|achtundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Aufgebot
|29
| publication of banns
|twenty-nine
|neunundzwanzig
|neunundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| August
|30
| August
|thirty
|dreißig
|dreißigste
|-
|-
| aus
|31
| from, out of
|thirty-one
|einunddreißig
|einunddreißigste
|-
|-
| außen
|40
| outside
|forty
|vierzig
|vierzigste
|-
|-
| äußere
|50
| outside, outward, external
|fifty
|fünfzig
|fünfzigste
|-
|-
| außerehelich
|60
| illegitimate
|sixty
|sechzig
|sechzigste
|-
|-
| Auswanderer
|70
| emigrant
|seventy
|siebzig
|siebzigste
|-
|-
| Auswanderung
|80
| emigration
|eighty
|achtzig
|achtzigste
|-
|-
| Auszehrung
|90
| consumption or emaciation (especially from TB)
|ninety
|neunzig
|neunzigste
|-
|-
| Auszug
|100
| extract
|one hundred
|}
|(ein)hundert
 
|(ein)hundertste
==== B  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|101
| '''English'''
|one hundred (and) one
|(ein)hunderteins
|(ein)hunderterste
|-
|-
| B. = Bezirk
|102
| district or area
|one hundred (and) two
|(ein)hundertzwei
|(ein)hundertzweite
|-
|-
| BA. = Bezirksamt
|120
| district office
|one hundred (and) twenty
|(ein)hundertzwanzig
|(ein)hundertzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Bay. = Bayern
|121
| Bavaria
|one hundred (and) twenty-one
|(ein)hunderteinundzwanzig
|(ein)hunderteinundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Bd. = Band
|122
| volume
|one hundred (and) twenty-two
|(ein)hundertzweiundzwanzig
|(ein)hundertzweiundzwanzigste
|-
|-
| Bhf. = Bahnhof
|200
| railroad station
|two hundred
|zweihundert
|zweihundertste
|-
|-
| Bkdo. = Bezirkskommando
|300
| military district command
|three hundred
|dreihundert
|dreihundertste
|-
|-
| bz. = beziehungsweise
|1.000
| or, respectively
|one thousand
|(ein)tausend
|(ein)tausendste
|-
|-
| Bäcker
|1.001
| baker
|one thousand (and) one
|(ein)tausendeins
|(ein)tausenderste
|-
|-
| Bad
|1.002
| spa, resort
|one thousand (and) two
|(ein)tausendzwei
|(ein)tausendzweite
|-
|-
| Badeort
|1.050
| spa, health resort
|one thousand (and) fifty
|(ein)tausendfünfzig
|(ein)tausendfünfzigste
|-
|-
| Band
|1.100
| volume
|one thousand (and) one hundred<br>eleven hundred
|(ein)tausendeinhundert
|(ein)tausendeinhundertste
|-
|-
| Baptist
|1.500<br>1500
| Baptist
|one thousand (and) five hundred<br>fifteen hundred
|(ein)tausendfünfhundert<br>fünfzehnhundert<br>Fünfzehnjahrhundert (1400s century)
|(ein)tausendfünfhundertste<br>fünfzehnhundertste
|-
|-
| Baron
|1.600<br>1600
| baron
|one thousand (and) six hundred<br>sixteen hundred
|(ein)tausendsechshundert<br>sechzehnhundert<br>Sechzehnjahrhundert (1500s century)
|(ein)tausendsechshundertste<br>sechzehnhundertste
|-
|-
| Bauer
|1.700<br>1700
| farmer, peasant
|one thousand (and) seven hundred<br>seventeen hundred
|(ein)tausendsiebenhundert<br>siebzehnhundert<br>Siebzehnjahrhundert (1600s century)
|(ein)tausendsiebenhundertste<br>siebzehnhundertste
|-
|-
| Bayern
|1.800<br>1800
| Bavaria
|one thousand (and) eight hundred<br>eighteen hundred
|(ein)tausendachthundert<br>achtzehnhundert<br>Achtzehnjahrhundert (1700s century)
|(ein)tausendachthundertste<br>achtzehnhundertste
|-
|-
| Beamter
|1.865<br>1865
| official, registrar
|one thousand, eight hundred, (and) sixty-five<br>eighteen sixty-five
|(ein)tausendachthundertfünfundsechzig<br>achtzehnhundertfünfundsechzig<br>actzehnhundert sechzig fünf (rarely in old documents)
|(ein)tausendachthundertfünfundsechzigste<br>achtzehnhundertfünfundsechzigste
|-
|-
| Beck(er)  
|1.900<br>1900
| baker
|one thousand (and) nine hundred<br>nineteen hundred
|(ein)tausendneunhundert<br>neunzehnhundert<br>Neunzehnjahrhundert (1800s century)
|(ein)tausendneunhundertste<br>neunzehnhundertste
|-
|-
| beerdigt
|2.000<br>2000
| buried
|two thousand
|zweitausend<br>zwanzighundert<br>Zwanzigjahrhundert (1900s century)
|zweitausendste<br>zwanzighundertste
|-
|-
| Beerdigung
|10.000
| burial, interment
|ten thousand
|zehntausend
|zehntausendste
|-
|-
| beglaubigt
|100.000
| certified, attested
|one hundred thousand
|hunderttausend
|hunderttausendste
|-
|-
| begraben
|1.000.000
| buried
|one million
|eine Million
|millionste
|-
|-
| Begräbnis
|1.000.000.000
| burial
|one billion
|eine Millarde
|milliardste
|}
 
==Types of Farmers==
 
There are many different words meaning "farmer" in German. Most of these words explain what type of farmer a person is.
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Beichte
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| confession
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| beide
|Abbauer
| both
|farmer on a section split off from the original farm, perhaps a later-born son
|-
|-
| Beilage
|Abnahmemann
| supplement
|retired farmer living on a life estate
|-
|-
| Bekannte(r)
|Abschiedsmann
| acquaintance
|retired farmer living on a life estate
|-
|-
| Bekehrung
|Achtelbauer
| conversion
|farmer with 1/8 farm
|-
|-
| Belege
|Achtelhüfner
| proof, documentation
|farmer with 1/8 farm
|-
|-
| Bemerkungen
|Achtermann
| remarks
|farmer on a farm behind one's own
|-
|-
| Berg
|Ackerbauer
| hill, mountain
|farmer
|-
|-
| Bergmann
|Ackerbürger
| miner
|farmer
|-
|-
| Beruf
|Ackerer
| occupation, profession
|farmer
|-
|-
| Beschreibung
|Ackerknecht
| description
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Besitzer
|Ackersmann
| possessor, proprietor, owner
|farmer
|-
|-
| bestätigt
|Ackerwirt, Ackerwirth
| confirmed, verified
|farmer
|-
|-
| bestattet
|Altbauer
| buried
|old, established farmer, possibly retired
|-
|-
| bettlägerig
|Altenteiler, Ausgedinger, Ausdinger
| bedridden
|retired farmer
|-
|-
| Bettler
|Altenteilerin
| beggar
|retired farmer's wife
|-
|-
| Bevölkerungsregister
|Althufner, Althüfner
| population register
|retired farmer
|-
|-
| bevorstehend
|Altsitzer(in)
| previously mentioned
|retired farmer
|-
|-
| Bezirk
|Amtsmeier
| district
|farmer with a large estate and special rights
|-
|-
| Biographie
|Anbauer
| biography
|small farmer
|-
|-
| Bischof
|Anspänner
| bishop
|farmer who owns draft animals (horses, oxen) and a wagon
|-
|-
| Bistum
|Aröder
| diocese
|new settler on farmland belonging to an estate
|-
|-
| Blattern
|Artmann
| smallpox
|farmer
|-
|-
| blutend
|Artmeier
| bleeding
|farmer
|-
|-
| Blütenmonat
|Auenhäusler
| May
|cottager, free villager with a small house, garden, and some livestock
|-
|-
| Blutsverwandschaft
|Ausdinger
| blood relationship
|retired farmer
|-
|-
| Böhmen
|Auszügler
| Bohemia
|retired farmer
|-
|-
| Bootsmann
|Bäuerle, Bauerli
| bargeman, boatman
|farmer (Swiss)
|-
|-
| Böttcher
|Bauer
| cooper, barrel maker
|peasant, farmer on a full-sized farm
|-
|-
| Brauer
|Bauernknecht
| brewer
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Bräune
|Bauknecht
| diptheria
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Braut
|Baumann
| bride
|farmer, can also be a builder
|-
|-
| Bräutigam
|Beerbter
| bridegroom
|farmer with an inheritable lease
|-
|-
| Brücke
|Behandinge
| bridge
|feudal tenure on a farm
|-
|-
| Bruder
|Beibauer
| brother
|farmer on a new farm, officially recognized, but with few privileges
|-
|-
| Bub
|Beisasse
| boy
|landless renter without citizen rights in the community
|-
|-
| Buch
|Beiwohner
| book
|rental inhabitant without citizenship
|-
|-
| Büdner
|Beständer
| cottager
|farmer on a small farm
|-
|-
| Burg
|Bestanderlasser
| castle, fortress
|landlord over a small farm
|-
|-
| Bürger
|Bestandwirt
| burgher, citizen, citizens
|farmer leasing farm land
|-
|-
| Bürgerbuch
|Bödener
| citizen register
|cottager, free villager with a small house, garden, and some livestock
|-
|-
| Bürgermeister
|Bolsmann, Bohlsmann
| mayor
|farmer with a full-sized farm
|-
|-
| Büttner
|Brinker
| barrel maker
|cottager, see Brinksitzer
|}
 
==== C  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Brinkkötter
| '''English'''
|cottager, see Brinksitzer
|-
|-
| ca. = circa
|Brinklieger
| about
|cottager, see Brinksitzer
|-
|-
| Chirug
|Brinkmann
| surgeon
|cottager, see Brinksitzer
|-
|-
| Christmonat
|Brinksitzer
| December
|cottager, his property situated on a grassy hill (Brink) on the outskirts
|-
|-
| Colonist
|Büdner
| settler, tenant farmer
|cottager, small-scale farmer, could also have a small shop
|-
|-
| copulieren
|Buhmann, Bumann
| to marry
|farmer
|-
|-
| cribrarius
|Buschpächter
| sieve maker (Latin)
|tenant farmer who clears the land, then farms it (Eastern Pomerania)
|}
 
==== D  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Chalupner, Challupner
| '''English'''
|small-scale farmer [often used in Czech records]
|-
|-
| d. = der, dem, des, die, das
|Dotale, Dotalbauer
| the
|farmer who leases church-income property
|-
|-
| D. = Dorf
|Eigengärtner
| village
|cottager with a garden of his own
|-
|-
| das. = daselbst
|Eigenkäthner
| residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place
|cottager with a garden of his own
|-
|-
| Dachdecker
|Eigenkötter
| roofer
|cottager with a garden of his own
|-
|-
| dänisch
|Einlieger
| Danish
|free agricultural laborer
|-
|-
| das
|Einspänner
| the
|farmer with one horse
|-
|-
| daselbst
|Erbbauer
| residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place
|farmer on a full-sized farm with inherited lease rights
|-
|-
| Datum
|Erbpächter
| date
|farmer with a hereditary land lease
|-
|-
| Dekanat
|Exner
| deanery
|poorer farmer who used oxen
|-
|-
| dem, den
|Feuerstättler
| the
|cottager (whose dwelling has a fireplace)
|-
|-
| der
|Freibauer
| the, of the
|free farmer with only small rent payments
|-
|-
| derselbe
|Freigärtner
| the same
|free farmer
|-
|-
| des
|Fröhner
| of the
|subject performing unpaid labor for the lord of the land (as part of the taxation system)
|-
|-
| deutsch
|Gärtner
| German
|farmer
|-
|-
| Deutschland
|Ganzlechner, Ganzlehner
| Germany
|farmer who leases a standard-sized farm
|-
|-
| Dezember
|Gesinde
| December
|male or female hired help on a farm
|-
|-
| die
|Häker, Häcker
| the
|small farmer (lower-class subject) who must perform unpaid labor for the landlord as part of his obligations
|-
|-
| Diener
|Halblechner, Halblehner
| servant
|farmer who leases half of a standard-sized farm
|-
|-
| Dienst
|Heuerling
| service, employment
|day laborer
|-
|-
| Dienstag
|Hofer
| Tuesday
|farmer
|-
|-
| Dienstmagd
|Hofgänger
| servant girl
|farmhand
|-
|-
| dieser
|Hofmann
| this, these
|farmer
|-
|-
| Distrikt
|Hofstädtler
| district
|farmer
|-
|-
| Domäne
|Hofwirth
| domain
|farmer
|-
|-
| Donnerstag
|Hoppenplöcker
| Thursday
|farmer who is obligated to do “hand service” (in Lippe)
|-
|-
| Dorf
|Hortulanus
| village
|farmer (Latin)
|-
|-
| dort
|Huber
| there
|farmer
|-
|-
| drei
|Hübler
| three
|farmer; expression comes from “Hube”
|-
|-
| dreißig
|Hüttler, Hitler
| thirty
|cottager
|-
|-
| dreißigste
|Inlieger
| thirtieth
|tenant farmer
|-
|-
| dreiundzwanzigste
|Inste, Instmann
| twenty-third
|tenant farmer
|-
|-
| dreizehn
|Interimswirt, Interimswirth
| thirteen
|farmer who marries into a farm by marrying the widow or heiress
|-
|-
| dreizehnte
|Kätner, Käthner, Köthner
| thirteenth
|cottager with a small house and a garden of his own, perhaps some livestock
|-
|-
| dritte
|Kampheuerling
| third
|tenant of a farm belonging to nobility
|-
|-
| Duplikat
|Kirchdotale
| duplicate record
|farmer who leases church-income property
|-
|-
| durch
|Kitzmann
| through
|rents from a farmer
|-
|-
| Durchfall
|Knecht
| diarrhea
|farmhand
|}
 
==== E  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Kölmer
| '''English'''
|farmer who is "half free"
|-
|-
| E. = Einwohner
|Köter, Kötter
| residents, population
|cottager
|-
|-
| Eis. = Eisenbahn
|Kolon
| railroad, train
|farmer on a farm with hereditary tithe
|-
|-
| Ev., ev. = Evangelische, evangelisch
|Kolonist
| Evangelical (Lutheran)
|new settler in the area; most, but not all, were farmers
|-
|-
| ebenda
|Kolupner
| at the same place
|cottager; see Chal(l)upner
|-
|-
| Ehe
|Kossate, Kossäth
| marriage
|cottager
|-
|-
| Ehebrecher
|Kotsass, Kotasse
| adulterer
|cottager
|-
|-
| Ehebruch
|Landmann
| adultery
|farmer
|-
|-
| Ehefrau
|Lehner
| wife, housewife
|farmer who leases a farm
|-
|-
| Ehehindernis
|Magd
| hinderance to marriage
|female helper on a farm
|-
|-
| ehel. = ehelich
|Meyer
| legitimate
|farmer, farm overseer, manager
|-
|-
| eheleiblich
|Ochsner
| legitimate
|poorer farmer who used oxen
|-
|-
| Eheleute
|Ökonom
| married couple
|farmer
|-
|-
| ehelich
|Pachtbauer
| legitimate
|farmer who leases his land (often an inheritable lease)
|-
|-
| ehemals
|Päger
| formerly
|farmer who ploughs with horses
|-
|-
| Ehemann
|Pfarrdotale
| husband
|farmer who leases church-income property
|-
|-
| Ehepaar
|Robotgärtner
| married couple
|unfree farmer/farm laborer
|-
|-
| Ehescheidung
|Rössner
| divorce
|farmer who ploughed with horses
|-
|-
| Eheschließung
|Scharknecht
| marriage
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Ehestand
|Söldner
| married state
|farmer who farmed on a small section of land called a “Sölde”; or a mercenary soldier
|-
|-
| Eheverkündigungen
|Strassenkötter
| marriage banns
|cottager living by a road
|-
|-
| Eheversprechen, Eheverspruch
|Tagelöhner
| betrothal, engagement
|day laborer
|-
|-
| Eidam (Eidmann)
|Tagner
| son-in-law
|day laborer
|-
|-
| Eigentümer
|Tauner, Thauner
| proprietor, property owner
|day laborer
|-
|-
| ein, eine
|Viertelbauer
| a, one, an
|farmer on 1/4 farm
|-
|-
| Einbürgerung
|Viertelhufner, Viertelhüfner
| naturalization
|farmer on 1/4 farm
|-
|-
| Einlieger
|Viertellehner
| landless farm laborer
|farmer who leases a quarter of a standard-sized farm
|-
|-
| eins
|Vollbauer
| one
|farmer on a full-sized farm
|-
|-
| Einsender
|Voll-lehner, Volllehner
| informant, declarant
|farmer who leases a full farm
|-
|-
| eintausendachthundert
|Vollmaier
| eighteen hundred
|farmer on a full-sized farm
|-
|-
| eintausendfünfhundert
|Vollspänner
| fifteen hundred
|farmer on a full-sized farm
|-
|-
| eintausendneunhundert
|Weingärtner
| nineteen hundred
|wine grower
|-
|-
| eintausendsechshundert
|Weingartknecht
| sixteen hundred
|farmhand in a vineyard
|-
|-
| eintausendsiebenhundert
|Weinzettel
| seventeen hundred
|farmhand in a vineyard
|-
|-
| einunddreissig
|Widumer
| thirty-one
|farmer settled on church property
|-
|-
| einunddreissigste
|Winzer
| thirty-first
|wine grower
|-
|-
| einundzwanzigste
|Wirt, Wirth
| twenty-first
|farmer
|-
|-
| Einwanderer
|Zettelmann
| immigrant
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Einwanderung
|Zweispänner
| immigration
|farmer who owns two draft animals
|}
 
==General Word List==
 
Note: In German, letters with diacritical marks are alphabetized as if they did not have a diacritical mark. In some other languages, they are alphabetized separately.
 
===A===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Einwilligung
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| permission
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Einwohner
|A. = Amt, Amtsbezirk
| inhabitant
|government office, official district
|-
|-
| einzige
|Ab., Abe. = Abbaue(e), Ausbau(e)
| only
|surface mine(s)
|-
|-
| Eisenbahn
|(haben) abgebeten, abgebethen
| railroad
|(have) performed penance, apologized, asked for pardon
|-
|-
| Eiterbeule
|Abt. = Abteilung
| abscess
|department
|-
|-
| elf
|a/d = an der, auf der
| eleven
|on the, by the (followed by the name of a river or other geographical feature)
|-
|-
| elfte
|A.G. = Amtsgericht
| eleventh
|lower court district, county court district
|-
|-
| Eltern
|Anh. = Anhalt
| parents
|duchy of Anhalt
|-
|-
| Enkel
|ab
| grandson
|from, since
|-
|-
| Enkelin
|Abbauer
| granddaughter
|tenant on a (new, split-off) farm; heir with a small part of a farm (usually a second son)
|-
|-
| Enkelkind
|Abdecker
| grandchild
|skinner
|-
|-
| eod(em)
|Abend
| the same, ditto
|evening
|-
|-
| Epilepsie
|Abendmahlgast
| epilepsy
|communicant
|-
|-
| er
|abends
| he
|in the evening
|-
|-
| Erben
|Abenteurer
| heirs
|jeweler, jewel trader; adventurer
|-
|-
| Erbschaft
|aber
| inheritance
|but
|-
|-
| erhalten
|abgestorben
| received, receive
|deceased
|-
|-
| erklärt
|Ablader
| declared
|longshoreman
|-
|-
| Erlassung
|Abnahmemann
| dispensation, permission
|retired farmer on life estate
|-
|-
| Ermächtigung
|Abnehmer
| authorization
|photographer
|-
|-
| Ernting
|Abschiedsmann
| August
|man retired on life estate
|-
|-
| errechnet
|absterben
| approximated, calculated
|to die, to die off
|-
|-
| erschien
|Abstreifer
| appeared
|renderer; flayer
|-
|-
| erste
|Abzehrung
| first
|emaciation, wasting
|-
|-
| erstgeboren
|acht
| firstborn
|eight
|-
|-
| ertrank, ertrunken
|achte
| drowned
|eighth
|-
|-
| erzeugen
|Achter
| beget
|juryman
|-
|-
| erzeugt
|achtundzwanzigste
| begat
|twenty-eighth
|-
|-
| es
|achtzehn
| it
|eighteen
|-
|-
| et uxor
|achtzehnhundert
| and wife (Latin)
|eighteen hundred
|-
|-
| evangelisch
|achtzehnte
| evangelical
|eighteenth
|}
 
==== F  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|achtzig
| '''English'''
|eighty
|-
|-
| Fabrikant
|achtzigste
| manufacturer
|eightieth
|-
|-
| Familie
|Ackermann
| family
|farmer
|-
|-
| Familienbuch
|Adel
| family register
|gentry, nobleman
|-
|-
| Familienforschung
|a.D. = außer Dienst
| genealogical research
|formerly employed, retired
|-
|-
| Familienregister
|adoptiert
| family register
|adopted
|-
|-
| Färber
|Ahnen
| dyer
|ancestors
|-
|-
| Faßbinder
|Ahnentafel
| cooper, barrel maker
|pedigree chart
|-
|-
| Fäule
|Akten
| cancer
|documents
|-
|-
| Februar
|alle
| February
|all
|-
|-
| Fehlgeburt
|allhier
| miscarriage
|in this place
|-
|-
| Festtag
|alt
| feast day, festival day, holy day
|old
|-
|-
| Festung
|Altbürger
| fortress
|full citizen
|-
|-
| Fieber
|Alter
| fever
|age
|-
|-
| Findling
|Altersschwäche
| foundling
|weakness of old age
|-
|-
| Firmung
|ältest
| confirmation
|eldest
|-
|-
| Fischer
|alt-katholisch
| fisher
|old Catholic
|-
|-
| Fl. = Florin
|Amman
| standard monetary unit
|bailiff, magistrate
|-
|-
| Flecken
|Amt
| hamlet, also measles or spots
|office, district
|-
|-
| Fleckfieber
|Anbauer
| spotted fever, typhus
|peasant
|-
|-
| Fleischer
|andere
| butcher
|other, next
|-
|-
| Fleischhauer
|Angeber
| butcher
|informant
|-
|-
| Flüchtling
|angeblich
| refugee, deserter
|alleged, assumed
|-
|-
| Fluß
|angeheiratet
| river
|related by marriage (stepson, stepdaughter)
|-
|-
| folgende
|Anhalt
| following, next
|duchy of Anhalt
|-
|-
| Forst
|Anmerkungen
| forest
|remarks
|-
|-
| Förster
|Ansiedler
| forester
|settler
|-
|-
| Fraisen
|Anspänner
| convulsions, epilepsy, seizures, spasms
|farmer
|-
|-
| Frankreich
|Anzeigender
| France
|informant
|-
|-
| Frau
|apostolisch
| Mrs., wife, woman
|Apostolic
|-
|-
| Fräulein
|April
| Miss, unmarried woman
|April
|-
|-
| Freibauer
|Arbeiter, Arbeitsmann
| farmer who owns his own land
|laborer, worker
|-
|-
| Freiherr
|Arbeitsbuch
| baron
|employment record book
|-
|-
| Freitag
|Archiv
| Friday
|archive
|-
|-
| fremd
|arm
| foreign, strange
|poor
|-
|-
| Freund
|Armut
| friend
|poverty
|-
|-
| Friedhof
|Arzt
| cemetery
|physician
|-
|-
| früh
|auch
| early (a.m.)
|also, too
|-
|-
| früher
|auf
| former, formerly
|on, upon, at
|-
|-
| fünf
|aufbieten
| five
|post banns
|-
|-
| fünfte
|Aufenthaltserlaubnis
| fifth
|residence permit
|-
|-
| fünfundzwanzigste
|Aufenthaltsort
| twenty-fifth
|residence
|-
|-
| fünfzehn
|Aufgebot
| fifteen
|publication of banns
|-
|-
| fünfzehnhundert
|Aufnahmebuch
| fifteen hundred
|book listing debts
|-
|-
| fünfzehnte
|Aufnahmeland
| fifteenth
|country to which one immigrated
|-
|-
| fünfzig
|August
| fifty
|August
|-
|-
| fünfzigste
|aus
| fiftieth
|from, out of
|-
|-
| für
|außen
| for
|outside
|-
|-
| Fürst
|äußere
| prince, count
|outside, outward, external
|-
|-
| Fürstentum
|außerehelich
| principality
|illegitimate
|}
 
==== G  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Auswanderer
| '''English'''
|emigrant
|-
|-
| G. = Gericht
|Auswanderung
| court
|emigration
|-
|-
| geb. = geboren
|Ausweis
| born, maiden name
|identification document
|-
|-
| Gem. = Gemeinde
|Auszehrung
| community, municipality, parish, town
|consumption or emaciation (especially from TB)
|-
|-
| gest. = gestorben
|Auszug
| died
|extract
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===B===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| get. = getauft
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| baptized, christened
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Gr. = Groß
|B. = Bezirk
| Great (part of place name)
|district or area
|-
|-
| Gärtner
|BA. = Bezirksamt
| gardener
|district office
|-
|-
| Gastwirt
|Bay. = Bayern
| innkeeper
|Bavaria
|-
|-
| Gatte
|Bd. = Band
| husband
|volume
|-
|-
| Gattin
|Bhf. = Bahnhof
| wife
|railroad station
|-
|-
| geben, gab
|Bkdo. = Bezirkskommando
| given, gave
|military district command
|-
|-
| Gebiet
|bz. = beziehungsweise
| region, area, zone
|or, respectively
|-
|-
| geboren
|Bäcker
| born, maiden name
|baker
|-
|-
| Gebühren
|Bad
| fees
|spa, resort
|-
|-
| Geburt
|Badeort
| birth
|spa, health resort
|-
|-
| Geburtsort
|Bader
| place of birth
|physician of the lower classes
|-
|-
| Geburtsschein
|Band
| birth certificate
|volume
|-
|-
| Geburtsurkunde
|Baptist
| birth certificate
|Baptist
|-
|-
| gegen
|Baron
| against, towards
|baron
|-
|-
| geheiratet
|Bauer
| married
|farmer, peasant
|-
|-
| gehört
|Bayern
| belongs (to)
|Bavaria
|-
|-
| Geistliche(r)
|Beamter
| clergyman
|official, registrar
|-
|-
| Gelbsucht
|Beck(er)
| jaundice
|baker
|-
|-
| Geld
|beerdigt
| money
|buried
|-
|-
| Gemahl(in)
|Beerdigung
| spouse, husband, wife
|burial, interment
|-
|-
| Gemeinde
|beglaubigt
| community, municipality, parish, town
|certified, attested
|-
|-
| Gemeindemann
|begraben
| village official, village resident
|buried
|-
|-
| Gemeindsmann
|Begräbnis
| citizen with full rights
|burial
|-
|-
| gemelli
|bei
| twins
|at, in, by
|-
|-
| genannt
| named, alias, called
|-
|-
| Genealogie
|Beichte
| genealogy
|confession
|-
|-
| Gerber
|beide
| tanner
|both
|-
|-
| Gericht
|Beilage
| court
|supplement
|-
|-
| Gerichtsmann
|Bekannte(r)
| juryman
|acquaintance
|-
|-
| Gerichtsschreiber
|Bekehrung
| court clerk
|conversion
|-
|-
| Gerichtsverwandter
|Beklagter(in)
| member of the judicial court
|defendant
|-
|-
| gesagt
|Belege
| said, stated
|proof, documentation
|-
|-
| Geschichte
|Bemerkungen
| history
|remarks
|-
|-
| geschieden
|Berg
| divorced
|hill, mountain
|-
|-
| Geschlecht
|Bergmann
| gender, sex, lineage
|miner
|-
|-
| Geschlechterbücher
|Beruf
| lineage books
|occupation, profession
|-
|-
| Geschlechtsname
|Beschreibung
| surname
|description
|-
|-
| Geschwister
|Besitzer
| siblings, brothers and sisters
|possessor, proprietor, owner
|-
|-
| Geschwulst
|Bestandmüller
| swelling, tumor
|mill tenant
|-
|-
| Geselle
|bestätigt
| journeyman
|confirmed, verified
|-
|-
| Gesellschaft
|bestattet
| society, group
|buried
|-
|-
| Gesetz
|bettlägerig
| law
|bedridden
|-
|-
| gesetzlich
|Bettler
| legal
|beggar
|-
|-
| gestern
|Bevölkerungsregister
| yesterday
|population register
|-
|-
| gestorben
|bevorstehend
| died
|previously mentioned
|-
|-
| Getaufte
|Bezirk
| person who was baptized
|district
|-
|-
| getr. = getraut
|Biographie
| married
|biography
|-
|-
| Getraute
|Bischof
| married couple
|bishop
|-
|-
| Gevatter
|Bistum
| godfather
|diocese
|-
|-
| Gewerbe
|Blattern
| trade, occupation
|smallpox
|-
|-
| Gicht
|blutend
| gout, arthritis
|bleeding
|-
|-
| Gilde
|Blütenmonat
| guild
|May
|-
|-
| Glaube
|Blutsverwandschaft
| belief, faith
|blood relationship
|-
|-
| Glauben
|Böhmen
| religious affiliation
|Bohemia
|-
|-
| gleich
|Bootsmann
| same, alike, similar, right away
|bargeman, boatman
|-
|-
| Graf
|Böttcher
| count (nobleman), earl
|cooper, barrel maker
|-
|-
| Grafschaft
|Brauer
| county
|brewer
|-
|-
| Grenze
|Bräune
| border
|diphtheria
|-
|-
| groß
|Braut
| big, great, large
|bride
|-
|-
| Großeltern
|Bräutigam
| grandparents
|bridegroom
|-
|-
| großjährig
|Brücke
| of age
|bridge
|-
|-
| Großmutter
|Bruder
| grandmother
|brother
|-
|-
| Großneffe
|Bub
| great-nephew
|boy
|-
|-
| Großnichte
|Buch
| great-niece
|book
|-
|-
| Großvater
|Büdner
| grandfather
|cottager
|-
|-
| Grundbuch
|Burg
| land register
|castle, fortress
|-
|-
| Gulden
|Bürger
| standard monetary unit, florin
|burgher, citizen, citizens
|-
|-
| Gut
|Bürgerbuch
| property, estate
|citizen register
|-
|-
| gut
|Bürgermeister
| good
|mayor
|-
|Büroangestellte
|office worker, clerk, white-collar worker
|-
|Bursch, Pursch
|young man
|-
|Büttner
|barrel maker
|}
|}


==== H  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===C===


{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''  
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| '''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|ca. = circa
|about
|-
|Chirug
|surgeon
|-
|-
| Hann. = Hannover
|Christmonat
| Hannover
|December
|-
|-
| Herrsch. = Herrschaft
|Colonist
| manor, estate, domain
|settler, tenant farmer
|-
|-
| Hessen-N. = Hessen-Nassau
|Comparent
| Prussian province
|informant
|-
|-
| hzl. = herzoglich
|copulieren
| of the duke
|to marry
|-
|-
| Hzt. = Herzogtum
|Cossate, Cossathe
| duchy
|cottager
|-
|-
| haben
|cribrarius
| to have
|sieve maker (Latin)
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===D===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| halb
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| half
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| halb drei
|d. = der, dem, des, die, das
| half three = 2:30 (time)
|the
|-
|-
| halb eins
|D. = Dorf
| half one = 12:30 (time)
|village
|-
|-
| halb zwei
|das. = daselbst
| half two = 1:30 (time)
|residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place
|-
|-
| Halbbauer
|Dachdecker
| small farmer
|roofer
|-
|-
| Halbmeier
|dahier
| small farmer
|here
|-
|-
| Händler
|dänisch
| trader, merchant, peddler
|Danish
|-
|-
| Hartung
|das
| January
|the
|-
|-
| Haupt-
|daselbst
| chief, main
|residing in this place, there, the previously mentioned place
|-
|-
| Haus
|Datum
| house
|date
|-
|-
| Hausfrau
|Dekanat
| housewife
|deanery
|-
|-
| Häusler
|dem, den
| cottager
|the
|-
|-
| Hausmädchen
|der
| housemaid
|the, of the
|-
|-
| Hebamme
|derselbe
| midwife
|the same
|-
|-
| Heilquelle
|des
| spa, bath
|of the
|-
|-
| Heimat
|deutsch
| home, native place, homeland
|German
|-
|-
| Heimatschein
|Deutschland
| domicile or residency certificate
|Germany
|-
|-
| Heimatsort
|Dezember
| place of birth, home town
|December
|-
|-
| Heirat
|die
| marriage
|the
|-
|-
| heiraten
|Diener
| to marry
|servant
|-
|-
| Heiratsantrag
|Dienst
| marriage intentions
|service, employment
|-
|-
| Heiratsbelege
|Dienstag
| marriage supplements
|Tuesday
|-
|-
| Heiratskontrakt
|Dienstbotin
| marriage contracts
|servant (girl)
|-
|-
| Heiratsprotokolle
|Dienstmagd
| marriage records
|servant girl
|-
|-
| Heiratsschein
|dieser
| marriage certificate
|this, these
|-
|-
| heißt
|dimittiert, dimittirt
| is named
|dismissed (in order to be married in another parish)
|-
|-
| Hektar
|Dispensation(en)
| hectare (10,000 square meters or 2.47 U.S. acres)
|dispensation(s), special permission
|-
|-
| Heraldik
|Distrikt
| heraldry
|district
|-
|-
| Herkunftsort
|Domäne
| place of origin
|domain
|-
|-
| Herr
|Dominikalist
| Mister, Lord, lord
|a list pertaining to the manor or estate; feudal Familiant
|-
|-
| Herrschaft
|Donnerstag
| estate, dominion
|Thursday
|-
|-
| Herzog
|Dorf
| duke
|village
|-
|-
| Herzogtum
|dort
| duchy
|there
|-
|-
| Hessische
|drei
| Hessian
|three
|-
|-
| Heuerling
|dreißig
| dayworker, hireling
|thirty
|-
|-
| Heuert, Heumonat
|dreißigste
| July
|thirtieth
|-
|-
| heute
|dreiundzwanzigste
| today
|twenty-third
|-
|-
| hier
|dreizehn
| here
|thirteen
|-
|-
| hiesiger Ort
|dreizehnte
| this place
|thirteenth
|-
|-
| Hinterbliebene
|dritte
| survivors
|third
|-
|-
| hinterlassen
|Duplikat
| surviving, left behind
|duplicate record
|-
|-
| Hirt
|durch
| herdsman
|through
|-
|-
| hitziges Fieber
|Durchfall
| burning fever, high fever
|diarrhea
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===E===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| hoch
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| high
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Hochzeit
|E. = Einwohner
| wedding
|residents, population
|-
|-
| Hof
|ehrngeachte
| courtyard, farm, yard, estate
|honorable
|-
|-
| Hofprediger
|einkindschaften
| chaplain
|to officially accept/recognize a stepchild as one's own, to legally inherit along with any biological children
|-
|-
| Holländer
|Eis. = Eisenbahn
| Dutchman, dairykeeper
|railroad, train
|-
|-
| Hornung
|Ev., ev. = Evangelische, evangelisch
| February
|Evangelical (Lutheran)
|-
|-
| Hüfner
|ebenda
| farmer
|at the same place
|-
|-
| Hufschmied
|Ehe
| blacksmith
|marriage
|-
|-
| Hügel
|Ehebrecher
| hill
|adulterer
|-
|-
| hundert
|Ehebruch
| hundred
|adultery
|-
|-
| Hurenkind
|Ehefrau
| illegitimate child
|wife, housewife
|-
|-
| Husten
|Ehehindernis
| cough
|hinderance to marriage
|}
 
==== I  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|ehel. = ehelich
| '''English'''
|legitimate
|-
|-
| ihr, ihr-
|eheleiblich
| their, her
|legitimate
|-
|-
| im
|Eheleute
| in the
|married couple
|-
|-
| immer
|ehelich
| always
|legitimate
|-
|-
| in
|ehemals
| in, at
|formerly
|-
|-
| Inhalt
|Ehemann
| content(s)
|husband
|-
|-
| innerhalb
|Ehepaar
| inside of
|married couple
|-
|-
| Innung
|Ehescheidung
| guild
|divorce
|-
|-
| Instmann
|Eheschließung
| tenant farmer
|marriage
|-
|-
| ist
|Ehestand
| is
|married state
|}
|-
 
|Eheverkündigungen
==== J  ====
|marriage banns
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Eheversprechen, Eheverspruch
| '''English'''
|betrothal, engagement
|-
|-
| Jäger
|Eidam (Eidmann)
| hunter, rifleman in the military
|son-in-law
|-
|-
| Jahr
|Eigentümer
| year
|proprietor, property owner
|-
|-
| Jahrestag
|ein, eine
| anniversary
|a, one, an
|-
|-
| Jahreszeit
|Einbürgerung
| season
|naturalization
|-
|-
| Jahrhundert
|Einhäusling, Gesinde, Taglöhner
| century
|day laborer
|-
|-
| jährlich
|Einlieger
| annual, yearly
|landless farm laborer
|-
|-
| Jahrzehnt
|eins
| decade
|one
|-
|-
| Jänner
|Einsender
| January
|informant, declarant
|-
|-
| Januar
|eintausendachthundert
| January
|eighteen hundred
|-
|-
| jeder (jede, jedes)
|eintausendfünfhundert
| each, every
|fifteen hundred
|-
|-
| Jgfr. = Jungfrau, Jungfer
|eintausendneunhundert
| maiden, virgin, unmarried woman
|nineteen hundred
|-
|-
| jüdisch
|eintausendsechshundert
| Jewish
|sixteen hundred
|-
|-
| Jugend
|eintausendsiebenhundert
| youth, adolescence
|seventeen hundred
|-
|-
| Juli
|einunddreissig
| July
|thirty-one
|-
|-
| Julmonat
|einunddreissigste
| December
|thirty-first
|-
|-
| jung
|einundzwanzigste
| young
|twenty-first
|-
|-
| Junge
|Einwanderer
| a youth (male)
|immigrant
|-
|-
| Jungfrau, Jungfer
|Einwanderung
| maiden, virgin, unmarried woman
|immigration
|-
|-
| Junggeselle
|einwilligend
| bachelor
|consenting, in agreement with, approving of
|-
|-
| Jüngling
|Einwilligung
| bachelor, young man
|permission
|-
|-
| Juni
|Einwohner
| June
|inhabitant
|}
 
==== K  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|einzige
| '''English'''
|only
|-
|-
| K.K. = kaiserlich königlich
|Eisenbahn
| royal imperial
|railroad
|-
|-
| Kantor
|Eiterbeule
| choirmaster, organist
|abscess
|-
|-
| Karpe
|elf
| carpenter
|eleven
|-
|-
| Karte
|elfte
| map
|eleventh
|-
|-
| Karrer
|Eltern
| carter
|parents
|-
|-
| Kartei
|Enkel
| card index
|grandson
|-
|-
| Käthner, Kätner
|Enkelin
| cottager
|granddaughter
|-
|-
| katholisch
|Enkelkind
| Catholic
|grandchild
|-
|-
| kaufen
|eod(em)
| to buy
|the same, ditto
|-
|-
| Kaufmann
|Epilepsie
| merchant
|epilepsy
|-
|-
| kein
|er
| no, not any, none
|he
|-
|-
| Keller
|Erben
| wine steward; cellar, basement
|heirs
|-
|-
| Kellner
|Erbschaft
| waiter, receiver of revenues; steward
|inheritance
|-
|-
| Kessler
|erhalten
| kettlemaker
|received, receive
|-
|-
| Keuchhusten
|erklärt
| whooping cough
|declared
|-
|-
| Kiefer
|Erlassung
| cooper, barrel maker
|dispensation, permission
|-
|-
| Kind
|Ermächtigung
| baby
|authorization
|-
|-
| Kindbettfieber
|Ernting
| childbed fever
|August
|-
|-
| Kinder
|errechnet
| children
|approximated, calculated
|-
|-
| Kirche
|erschien
| church
|appeared
|-
|-
| Kirchenältester
|erste
| churchwarden, church elder, vestryman
|first
|-
|-
| Kirchenbuch
|erstgeboren
| parish register
|firstborn
|-
|-
| Kirchengemeinde
|Erstkommunikant
| parish
|someone receiving First Communion for the first time
|-
|-
| Kirchenpfleger
|ertrank, ertrunken
| churchwarden
|drowned
|-
|-
| Kirchenrodel
|erzeugen
| parish register
|beget
|-
|-
| Kirchensprengel
|erzeugt
| parish
|begat
|-
|-
| Kirchenvorsteher
|es
| churchwarden
|it
|-
|-
| kirchlich
|et uxor
| pertaining to church
|and wife (Latin)
|-
|-
| Kirchrat
|evangelisch
| member of a church council
|evangelical
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===F===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Kirchspiel
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| parish
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| klein
|Fabrikant
| little
|manufacturer
|-
|-
| Knabe
|Fabrikarbeiter
| boy
|factory worker
|-
|-
| Knecht
|Fallkind
| servant
|illegitimate childen
|-
|-
| Kolonist
|Familiant
| settler, colonist, farmer
|entailed renter of a house (inheriting cottagers) or head of the family (Jewish)
|-
|-
| Kommunikant
|Familie
| communicant
|family
|-
|-
| Kommunion
|Familienbuch
| communion
|family register
|-
|-
| Konfirmation
|Familienforschung
| confirmation
|genealogical research
|-
|-
| König
|Familienregister
| king
|family register
|-
|-
| königlich
|Färber
| royal
|dyer
|-
|-
| Königreich
|Faßbinder
| kingdom
|cooper, barrel maker
|-
|-
| Kopulation
|Fäule
| marriage
|cancer
|-
|-
| kopulieren
|Fayencenhändler
| to marry
|porcelain merchant
|-
|-
| Kossät, Kossath
|Februar
| cottager
|February
|-
|-
| Kötter, Kötner
|Fehlgeburt
| small farmer, cottager
|miscarriage
|-
|-
| Krämer
|Festtag
| grocer, small retailer
|feast day, festival day, holy day
|-
|-
| Krämpfe
|Festung
| cramps,, convulsions
|fortress
|-
|-
| Krankheit
|Fieber
| disease, sickness
|fever
|-
|-
| Krebs
|Findling
| cancer
|foundling
|-
|-
| Kreis
|Firmung
| county
|confirmation
|-
|-
| Krieg
|Fischer
| war
|fisher
|-
|-
| Kröger, Krogmann
|Fl. = Florin
| innkeeper
|standard monetary unit
|-
|-
| Küfer
|Flecken
| cooper, barrel maker
|hamlet, also measles or spots
|-
|-
| Kuhhirte
|Fleckfieber
| cowherd
|spotted fever, typhus
|-
|-
| Kupferschmied
|Fleischer
| coppersmith
|butcher
|-
|-
| Kurort
|Fleischhauer
| spa
|butcher
|-
|-
| Kusine
|Flüchtling
| female cousin
|refugee, deserter
|-
|-
| Kutscher
|Fluß
| coachman
|river
|}
 
==== L  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|folgende
| '''English'''
|following, next
|-
|-
| Land
|Forst
| land, country
|forest
|-
|-
| Landarbeiter
|Förster
| farmhand
|forester
|-
|-
| Landkarte
|Fourier
| map
|quartermaster
|-
|-
| Landwirt
|Fraisen
| farmer
|convulsions, epilepsy, seizures, spasms
|-
|-
| lassen
|Frankreich
| to let, leave, allow
|France
|-
|-
| lebendig
|Frau
| living
|Mrs., wife, woman
|-
|-
| ledig
|Fräulein
| single, unmarried
|Miss, unmarried woman
|-
|-
| legitimiert
|Freibauer
| made legitimate, legitimized
|farmer who owns his own land
|-
|-
| Lehrer
|Freiherr
| teacher
|baron
|-
|-
| Lehrling
|Freitag
| apprentice
|Friday
|-
|-
| Leiche
|fremd
| corpse, body
|foreign, strange
|-
|-
| Leichenpredigt
|Freund
| funeral sermon
|friend
|-
|-
| Leinenweber
|Friedhof
| linen weaver
|cemetery
|-
|-
| Lenz
|Friesel
| spring (season)
|prickly heat, heat rash, miliaria
|-
|-
| letzte Ölung
|Friseur
| last rites, extreme unction
|hairdresser
|-
|-
| letzte Salbung
|früh
| last rites, extreme unction
|early (a.m.)
|-
|-
| Letzter
|früher
| latter, last
|former, formerly
|-
|-
| letzter Wille
|Frühgeburt
| last will
|premature birth
|-
|-
| links
|Frühkind
| left
|child born too soon after its parents married
|-
|-
| Lungenentzündung
|fünf
| pneumonia
|five
|-
|-
| Lungenschwindsucht
|Fuhrmann
| consumption, tuberculosis
|wagoner
|-
|-
| lutherisch
|fünfte
| Lutheran
|fifth
|}
 
==== M  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|fünfundzwanzigste
| '''English'''
|twenty-fifth
|-
|-
| Mädchen
|fünfzehn
| girl
|fifteen
|-
|-
| Mädel
|fünfzehnhundert
| girl
|fifteen hundred
|-
|-
| Magd
|fünfzehnte
| maiden, maid, servant girl
|fifteenth
|-
|-
| Mägdlein
|fünfzig
| girl, little girl
|fifty
|-
|-
| Mai
|fünfzigste
| May
|fiftieth
|-
|-
| Maler
|für
| painter
|for
|-
|-
| Mann
|Fürst
| husband, man
|prince, count
|-
|-
| männlich
|Fürstentum
| male
|principality
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===G===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Markt
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| market
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| März
|G. = Gericht
| March
|court
|-
|-
| Masern
|geb. = geboren
| measles
|born, maiden name
|-
|-
| Matrikel
|Gem. = Gemeinde
| register
|community, municipality, parish, town
|-
|-
| Maurer
|gest. = gestorben
| mason
|died
|-
|-
| Meister, -meister
|get. = getauft
| master
|baptized, christened
|-
|-
| Mennoniten
|gez. = gezeichnet
| Mennonites
|signed
|-
|-
| Metzger
|Gr. = Groß
| butcher
|Great (part of place name)
|-
|-
| Militär
|Gärtner
| military
|gardener
|-
|-
| minderjährig
|Gastwirt
| underaged, minor
|innkeeper
|-
|-
| mit
|Gatte
| with, via, by
|husband
|-
|-
| Mitglied
|Gattin
| member
|wife
|-
|-
| Mittag
|geben, gab
| midday
|given, gave
|-
|-
| mittags
|Gebiet
| at noon
|region, area, zone
|-
|-
| Mitternacht
|geboren
| midnight
|born, maiden name
|-
|-
| Mittwoch
|Gebühren
| Wednesday
|fees
|-
|-
| Monat
|Geburt
| month
|birth
|-
|-
| Montag
|Geburtsort
| Monday
|place of birth
|-
|-
| Morgen
|Geburtsschein
| morning, tomorrow
|birth certificate
|-
|-
| Morgen (morgen)
|Geburtsurkunde
| measure of land, 0.6 to 0.9 acres
|birth certificate
|-
|-
| morgens
|gegen
| in the morning
|against, towards
|-
|-
| Mühle
|(im) Gegenwart (der)
| mill
|(in the) presence (of)
|-
|-
| mündlich
|gegenwärtig
| verbal, verbally
|currently
|-
|-
| Mutter
|geheiratet
| Mother
|married
|}
|-
 
|gehört
==== N  ====
|belongs (to)
 
|-
{| width="100%" border="1"
|Geistliche(r)
|clergyman
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Gelbsucht
| '''English'''
|jaundice
|-
|-
| N.N. = nomen nescio
|Geld
| name not known
|money
|-
|-
| nach
|Gemahl(in)
| to, after, according to
|spouse, husband, wife
|-
|-
| Nachbar
|Gemeinde
| neighbor
|community, municipality, parish, town
|-
|-
| Nachbarschaft
|Gemeindemann
| neighborhood
|village official, village resident
|-
|-
| nachgelassen
|Gemeindsmann
| surviving
|citizen with full rights
|-
|-
| Nachlaß
|gemelli
| estate, inheritance
|twins
|-
|-
| Nachmittag
|genannt
| afternoon
|named, alias, called
|-
|-
| nachmittags
|Genealogie
| in the afternoon
|genealogy
|-
|-
| nächst(e)  
|genesen
| next
|delivered (of a child)
|-
|-
| Nacht
|Gerber
| night
|tanner
|-
|-
| Näherin
|Gericht
| seamstress
|court
|-
|-
| Name
|Gerichtsmann
| name
|juryman
|-
|-
| nat. = natus, nata
|Gerichtsschöffe
| born
|member of the court
|-
|-
| natus, nata
|Gerichtsschöppe
| born
|member of the court
|-
|-
| neben
|Gerichtsschreiber
| next to
|court clerk
|-
|-
| Nebenfrau
|Gerichtsverwandter
| concubine
|member of the judicial court
|-
|-
| Neffe
|gesagt
| nephew
|said, stated
|-
|-
| Nervenfieber
|Geschichte
| nervous fever
|history
|-
|-
| neu
|geschieden
| new
|divorced
|-
|-
| neun
|Geschlecht
| nine
|gender, sex, lineage
|-
|-
| neunte
|Geschlechterbücher
| ninth
|lineage books
|-
|-
| neunundzwanzigte
|Geschlechtsname
| twenty-ninth
|surname
|-
|-
| neunzehn
|Geschwister
| nineteen
|siblings, brothers and sisters
|-
|-
| neunzehnhundert
|Geschwisterkind
| nineteen hundred
|sibling's child (nephew, niece)
|-
|-
| neunzehnte
|Geschwulst
| nineteenth
|swelling, tumor
|-
|-
| neunzig
|Geselle
| ninety
|journeyman
|-
|-
| neunzigste
|Gesellschaft
| ninetieth
|society, group
|-
|-
| Nicht
|Gesetz
| not
|law
|-
|-
| Nichte
|gesetzlich
| niece
|legal
|-
|-
| nichts
|gestern
| nothing
|yesterday
|-
|-
| nie
|gestorben
| never
|died
|-
|-
| nieder
|Getaufte
| lower
|person who was baptized
|-
|-
| niederländisch
|getr. = getraut
| Dutch, of the Netherlands
|married
|-
|-
| noch
|Getraute
| still
|married couple
|-
|-
| noch lebende
|Gevatter
| still living
|godfather
|-
|-
| noch nicht
|Gewerbe
| not yet
|trade, occupation
|-
|-
| Nord
|gewerblos
| north
|without occupation
|-
|-
| Notizen
|Gicht
| notices, miscellaneous records
|gout, arthritis
|-
|-
| Nottaufe
|Gilde
| emergency baptism
|guild
|-
|-
| November
|Glaser
| November
|glazier
|-
|-
| Nummer
|Glasermeister
| number
|master glazier
|-
|-
| nur
|Glaube
| only
|belief, faith
|}
 
==== O  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Glauben
| '''English'''
|religious affiliation
|-
|-
| O.A. = Oberamt
|gleich
| governing district office
|same, alike, similar, right away
|-
|-
| ober
|Gode
| upper, over
|godmother
|-
|-
| ober-, Ober-<br>(comb. form)  
|Graf
| chief, head; upper, over
|count (nobleman), earl
|-
|-
| Oberamt
|Grafschaft
| governing district office
|county
|-
|-
| oder
|Grenze
| or
|border
|-
|-
| öffentlich bekanntmachen
|groß
| make known publicly
|big, great, large
|-
|-
| oft
|Großeltern
| often
|grandparents
|-
|-
| Oheim
|großjährig
| uncle
|of age
|-
|-
| ohne
|Großmutter
| without
|grandmother
|-
|-
| Oktober
|Großneffe
| October
|great-nephew
|-
|-
| Onkel
|Großnichte
| uncle
|great-niece
|-
|-
| Ort
|Großvater
| place, town
|grandfather
|-
|-
| Ortslexikon
|Grundbuch
| gazetteer
|land register
|-
|-
| Osten
|Gulden
| east
|standard monetary unit, florin
|-
|-
| Ostern
|Gürtler
| Easter (could be March or April)
|maker of straps and belts
|-
|-
| Ostermonat
|Gut
| April
|property, estate
|-
|-
| Ostern
|gut
| Easter
|good
|-
|-
| Österreich
|Gutsbesitzer
| Austria
|Estate Owner
|-
|-
| österreichisch
|Gutsverwalter
| Austrian
|Estate Manager
|}
|}


==== P  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===H===


{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''  
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| '''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Pächter
|Handzeichen
| leaseholder
|sign, symbol, mark
|-
|-
| Pate
|Hann. = Hannover
| godfather
|Hanover
|-
|-
| Paten
|Herrsch. = Herrschaft
| godparents
|manor, estate, domain
|-
|-
| Pest
|herrschaftl. = herrschaftlich
| plague
|(adj.) pertaining to the manor, estate, or domain (feudal Familiant)
|-
|-
| Pfalz
|Hessen-N. = Hessen-Nassau
| Palatinate
|Prussian province of Hessen-Nassau
|-
|-
| Pfarramt
|hzl. = herzoglich
| parish office
|of the duke
|-
|-
| Pfarrbuch
|Hzt. = Herzogtum
| parish register
|duchy
|-
|-
| Pfarrei
|haben
| parish
|to have
|-
|-
| Pfarrer
|halb
| parish minister, pastor
|half
|-
|-
| Pflegekind
|halb drei
| foster child
|half three = 2:30 (time)
|-
|-
| Pflegesohn
|halb eins
| foster son
|half one = 12:30 (time)
|-
|-
| Pflegetochter
|halb zwei
| foster daughter
|half two = 1:30 (time)
|-
|-
| Platz
|Halbbauer
| place (location)
|small farmer
|-
|-
| Pocken
|Halbmeier
| pox, smallpox
|small farmer
|-
|-
| Polen
|Halbzeugmacher
| Poland
|semi-finished product maker
|-
|-
| polnisch
|Hartung
| Polish
|January
|-
|-
| preußisch
|Händler
| Prussia
|trader, merchant, peddler
|-
|-
| Priester
|Haupt-
| priest
|chief, main
|-
|-
| Prinz
|Haus
| prince
|house
|-
|-
| Prinzessin
|Hausfrau
| princess
|housewife
|-
|-
| protestantisch
|Häusler
| Protestant
|cottager
|-
|-
| Provinz
|Hausmädchen
| province
|housemaid
|-
| provinzial
| provincial
|}
 
==== R  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Hebamme
| '''English'''
|midwife
|-
|-
| Räbbe
|Heilquelle
| rabies
|spa, bath
|-
|-
| Räcke
|Heimat
| stiffness of the limbs
|home, native place, homeland
|-
|-
| Racker
|Heimatschein, hmtsch
| renderer
|domicile or residency certificate
|-
|-
| Rademacher, Radmacher
|Heimatsort
| wheelwright
|place of birth, home town
|-
|-
| Radhauer
|Heirat
| wheelwright
|marriage
|-
|-
| Rathaus
|heiraten
| city hall
|to marry
|-
|-
| Ratsherr
|Heiratsantrag
| alderman
|marriage intentions
|-
|-
| Ratsmann
|Heiratsbelege
| councilman; town councilor
|marriage supplements
|-
|-
| Rechnung
|Heiratskontrakt
| account; bill
|marriage contracts
|-
|-
| rechtgläubig
|Heiratsprotokolle
| orthodox
|marriage records
|-
|-
| Rechsanwalt
|Heiratsschein
| lawyer
|marriage certificate
|-
|-
| reformiert
|heißt
| reformed
|is named
|-
|-
| Regierungsbezirk
|Hektar
| administrative area (a political jurisdiction)
|hectare (10,000 square meters or 2.47 U.S. acres)
|-
|-
| Register
|Helfer
| register (a book or list)
|a helper, but in East Prussia a worker in a malt brewery
|-
|-
| Reich
|Heraldik
| empire; kingdom
|heraldry
|-
|-
| Reifer
|Herkunftsort
| ropemaker; rope merchant
|place of origin
|-
|-
| Reiter
|Herr
| rider; cavalryman
|Mister, Lord, lord
|-
|-
| relicta
|Herrschaft
| widow
|estate, dominion
|-
|-
| relictus
|herrschaftlich
| widower
|(adj.) pertaining to the manor, estate, or domain (feudal Familiant)
|-
|-
| Religion
|Herzog
| religion
|duke
|-
|-
| ren. = renatus, renata
|Herzogtum
| baptized, christened
|duchy
|-
|-
| Rentner
|Hessische
| retired person
|Hessian
|-
|-
| Rheuma
|Heuerling
| rheumatism
|dayworker, hireling
|-
|-
| Richter
|Heuert, Heumonat
| judge
|July
|-
|-
| Rodel
|heute
| register
|today
|-
|-
| Röseler
|hier
| whitewasher
|here
|-
|-
| Rössler
|hiesig, hiesige, hiesiger, hiesigen
| horseman; tanner
|local
|-
|-
| römisch katholisch
|hiesiger Ort
| Roman Catholic
|this place
|-
|-
| Röt
|Hilfsbahnwärter
| measles; bloody diarrhea
|railway linesman assistant, assistant signalman
|-
|-
| Rotgerber
|Hinterbliebene
| red tanner
|survivors
|-
|-
| Ruhestand
|hinterlassen
| retirement
|surviving, left behind
|-
|-
| Ruhr
|Hirt
| dysentery
|herdsman
|-
|-
| russisch
|hitziges Fieber
| Russian
|burning fever, high fever
|-
|-
| Rußland
|hoch
| Russia
|high
|}
 
==== S  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Hochzeit
| '''English'''
|wedding
|-
|-
| S. = Seite
|Hof
| page
|courtyard, farm, yard, estate
|-
|-
| s. = siehe
|Hofprediger
| see the following reference
|chaplain
|-
|-
| Sachsen
|Holländer
| Saxony
|Dutchman, dairykeeper
|-
|-
| Sackhuhn
|Hollandgänger
| sailmaker
|seasonal migrant worker from Germany working in the Netherlands
|-
|-
| Säger
|Hornung
| sawyer
|February
|-
|-
| Salbung
|Hüfner
| anointing
|farmer
|-
|-
| Salzvogt
|Hufschmied
| salt works overseer
|farrier, blacksmith
|-
|-
| Samstag
|Hügel
| Saturday
|hill
|-
|-
| Sarkhauer
|hundert
| stonemason
|hundred
|-
|-
| Satertag
|Hurenkind
| Saturday
|illegitimate child
|-
|-
| Sattler
|Husten
| saddler, leather worker
|cough
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===I===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Schacherer
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| peddler
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Schäfer
|ihr, ihr-
| shepherd
|their, her
|-
|-
| Schaffer
|im
| worker; laborer; administrator
|in the
|-
|-
| Schäf(f)ler
|im Leben
| cooper
|in life, while living
|-
|-
| Schaffmann
|immer
| worker
|always
|-
|-
| Schaffner
|in
| conductor
|in, at
|-
|-
| Schalck, Schall
|Inhalt
| servant
|content(s)
|-
|-
| Scharlach, Scharlachfieber
|innerhalb
| scarlet fever
|inside of
|-
|-
| Scharnemann
|Innung
| merchant in a market
|guild
|-
|-
| Scharrmacher
|Inspektor
| wagon builder
|inspector
|-
|-
| Scharwerker
|Instmann
| day laborer on a farm
|tenant farmer
|-
|-
| Schatter, Schattmann
|ist
| tax assessor
|is
|-
|-
| Schatzmann
|itzo, itzt, itzund, jetzt, jetzo, jetzund
| moneychanger; treasurer
|now
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===J===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Schatzmeister
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| treasurer
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Scheibenreisser
|Jachtaufe (jach = jäh, plötzlich)
| glazier
|emergency baptism (jach = suddenly)
|-
|-
| Scheibler
|Jäger
| salt carrier
|hunter, rifleman in the military
|-
|-
| Scheiding
|Jahr
| September
|year
|-
|-
| Scheidler
|Jahrestag
| knife-blade maker
|anniversary
|-
|-
| Scheidung
|Jahreszeit
| divorce
|season
|-
|-
| Schein
|Jahrhundert
| certificate
|century
|-
|-
| Schenkungen
|jährlich
| donations
|annual, yearly
|-
|-
| Scherer
|Jahrzehnt
| barber; beardcutter; cloth cutter
|decade
|-
|-
| Schichtmeister
|Jänner
| mine paymaster
|January
|-
|-
| Schiffbauer
|Januar
| shipbuilder
|January
|-
|-
| Schiffer
|jeder (jede, jedes)
| shipper; seaman
|each, every
|-
|-
| Schiffmann
|Jgfr. = Jungfrau, Jungfer
| sailor
|maiden, virgin, unmarried woman
|-
|-
| Schiffsmakler
|Joe.
| shipbroker; shipping agent
|Latin abbreviation for Joannem
|-
|-
| Schilderer
|jüdisch
| sign painter
|Jewish
|-
|-
| Schindeldecker
|Jugend
| roofer of shingle roofs
|youth, adolescence
|-
|-
| Schindelmacher
|Juli
| shingle maker
|July
|-
|-
| Schinner
|Julmonat
| renderer, skinner
|December
|-
|-
| Schirmmacher
|jung
| umbrella maker
|young
|-
|-
| Schirrmacher
|Junge
| wagon maker
|a youth (male)
|-
|-
| Schirrmeister
|Jungfrau, Jungfer
| master wagon maker
|maiden, virgin, unmarried woman
|-
|-
| Schlachter, Schlächter
|Junggeselle
| butcher
|bachelor
|-
|-
| Schlachtmann
|Jüngling
| butcher
|bachelor, young man
|-
|-
| Schlachtwanter
|jüngsthin
| clothing wholesaler
|recently (such as the last/recently passed month)
|-
|-
| Schlafbaas
|Juni
| innkeeper
|June
|-
|-
| Schlaganfall
|Justmann
| stroke, seizure
|tenant farmer (East Prussian form of Instmann)
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===K===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Schlagfluß
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| stroke
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Schlieper
|K.K. = kaiserlich königlich
| knifemaker; cutler
|royal imperial
|-
|-
| Schlieter
|Kaluppe, Kaluppner<br>Bohemian and Polish: Chalupa<br>Polish: chalupnik
| merchant
|A dilapidated house. By extension, a resident of such a house.
|-
|-
| Schloß
|Kammerfrau
| castle
|lady-in-waiting
|-
|-
| Schlosser
|Kantor
| locksmith
|choirmaster, organist
|-
|-
| Schlotfeger
|Karpe
| chimneysweep
|carpenter
|-
|-
| Schlotthauer
|Karte
| locksmith
|map
|-
|-
| Schmied
|Karrer
| smith
|carter
|-
|-
| Schneider
|Kartei
| tailor
|card index
|-
|-
| Schnitzer, Schnitzler
|Kassierer
| woodcarver
|cashier, collector
|-
|-
| Schopper
|Kathenmann, Katenmann
| ship's carpenter
|cottager
|-
|-
| Schornsteinfeger
|Käthner, Kätner
| chimneysweep
|cottager
|-
|-
| Schosserheber
|katholisch
| tax collector
|Catholic
|-
|-
| Schösser
|kaufen
| tax collector
|to buy
|-
|-
| Schotte
|Kaufmann
| peddler
|merchant
|-
|-
| Schottler
|kein
| turner; key maker
|no, not any, none
|-
|-
| Schottilier
|Keller
| turner; carpenter
|wine steward; cellar, basement
|-
|-
| Schreiber
|Kellner
| scribe, clerk
|waiter, receiver of revenues; steward
|-
|-
| Schreiner
|Kessler
| cabinetmaker, joiner
|kettlemaker
|-
|-
| Schriftsetzer
|Keuchhusten
| typesetter
|whooping cough
|-
|-
| Schroder, Schröder
|Kiefer
| tailor
|cooper, barrel maker
|-
|-
| Schröer
|Kind
| tailor
|baby
|-
|-
| Schröter
|Kindbetterin
| tailor; carter; driver; cooper
|woman in or shortly after childbirth
|-
|-
| Schubarth, Schuberth, Schubring
|Kindbettfieber
| shoemaker
|childbed fever
|-
|-
| Schuchard, Schucherd, Schuchmann, Schuckert
|Kinder
| shoemaker
|children
|-
|-
| Schuhmacher
|Kirche
| shoemaker, cobbler
|church
|-
|-
| Schule
|Kirchenältester
| school
|churchwarden, church elder, vestryman
|-
|-
| Schullehrer
|Kirchenbuch
| schoolteacher
|parish register
|-
|-
| Schultheiß, Schulze
|Kirchengemeinde
| village mayor, head of town council
|parish
|-
|-
| Schüssler
|Kirchenpfleger
| bowl maker
|churchwarden
|-
|-
| Schuster
|Kirchenrodel
| shoemaker, cobbler
|parish register
|-
|-
| Schuwarte
|Kirchensprengel
| shoemaker
|parish
|-
|-
| Schwäche
|Kirchenvorsteher
| weakness
|churchwarden
|-
|-
| Schwager
|Kirchhöre
| brother-in-law
|church parish
|-
|-
| Schwägerin
|kirchlich
| sister-in-law
|pertaining to church
|-
|-
| Schwaiger
|Kirchrat
| shepherd
|member of a church council
|-
|-
| schwanger
|Kirchspiel
| pregnant
|parish
|-
|-
| schwarz
|Kläger(in), Klr.
| black
|plaintiff
|-
|-
| schwarzer Tod
|klein
| black death; plague
|little
|-
|-
| Schwarzgiesser
|Knabe
| iron smelter
|boy
|-
|-
| Schwein(e)hirt(h)
|Knecht
| pigherd
|servant
|-
|-
| Schweisser
|Köbler (used in Franken and Oberpfalz, Bayern)
| welder
|cottager
|-
|-
| Schweiz
|Kolonist
| Switzerland
|settler, colonist, farmer
|-
|-
| Schweizer
|Kommunikant
| Swiss; also a dairyman
|communicant
|-
|-
| Schwendimann
|Kommunion
| settler on recently burned woodland
|communion
|-
|-
| Schwerdtfeger
|Konfirmation
| armorer
|confirmation
|-
|-
| Schwester
|Konditormeister
| sister
|master cake-maker
|-
|-
| Schwiegermutter
|Konfitenten
| mother-in-law
|confessants
|-
|-
| Schwiegersohn
|König
| son-in-law
|king
|-
|-
| Schwiegertochter
|königlich
| daughter-in-law
|royal
|-
|-
| Schwiegervater
|Königreich
| father-in-law
|kingdom
|-
|-
| Schwindsucht
|Kooperator
| consumption
|non-governing clergyman (like a chaplain) assigned to a parish/pastor
|-
|-
| S.d. = Sohn des, der
|Kopulation
| son of
|marriage
|-
|-
| sechs
|kopulieren
| six
|to marry
|-
|-
| sechste
|Kossat, Kossät, Kossath
| sixth
|cottager
|-
|-
| sechsundzwanzig
|Kossattin
| twenty-six
|female cottager
|-
|-
| sechsundzwanzigste
|Kötter, Kötner, Köthner
| twenty-sixth
|small farmer, cottager
|-
|-
| sechzehnhundert
|Krämer
| sixteen hundred
|grocer, small retailer
|-
|-
| sechzehn
|Krämpfe
| sixteen
|cramps,, convulsions
|-
|-
| sechzehnte
|Krankheit
| sixteenth
|disease, sickness
|-
|-
| sechzig
|Krankheit oder andere Todesart
| sixty
|cause of death (in a heading)
|-
|-
| sechzigste
|Krankheit und Todesart nach Ausweis der Todtenbeschau
| sixtieth
|cause of death (in a heading)
|-
|-
| See
|Krankheit oder Todesursache nach Ausweis der Todtenbeschau
| lake
|cause of death (in a heading)
|-
|-
| Seelen
|Krebs
| souls
|cancer
|-
|-
| Seelenregister
|Kreis
| church membership list
|county
|-
|-
| Seelsorger
|Krieg
| minister, chaplain
|war
|-
|-
| Seemann
|Kröger, Krogmann
| sailor
|innkeeper
|-
|-
| Segner
|Küfer
| fisherman
|cooper, barrel maker
|-
|-
| Seifensieder
|Kuhhirte
| soap maker
|cowherd
|-
|-
| Seigner
|Kupferschmied
| fisherman
|coppersmith
|-
|-
| Seiler
|Kurort
| rope maker
|spa
|-
|-
| sein
|Kusine
| to be; his
|female cousin
|-
|-
| seit
|Küster
| since
|sexton
|-
|-
| Seite
|Kutscher
| page
|coachman
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===L===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| selige
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| (the) late, blessed
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| September
|Land
| September
|land, country
|-
|-
| Sibber
|Landarbeiter
| sieve maker
|farmhand
|-
|-
| Sibmacher
|Landkarte
| sieve maker
|map
|-
|-
| sich
|Landwirt
| himself, herself, itself
|farmer
|-
|-
| sie
|lassen
| she, they
|to let, leave, allow
|-
|-
| Sie
|lebendig
| you
|living
|-
|-
| sieben
|ledig
| seven
|single, unmarried
|-
|-
| siebente
|legitimiert
| seventh
|made legitimate, legitimized
|-
|-
| siebenundzwanzigste
|Lehrer
| twenty-seventh
|teacher
|-
|-
| siebte
|Lehrling
| seventh
|apprentice
|-
|-
| siebzehn
|Leiche
| seventeen
|corpse, body
|-
|-
| siebzehnhundert
|Leichenpredigt
| seventeen hundred
|funeral sermon
|-
|-
| siebzehnte
|Leinenweber
| seventeenth
|linen weaver
|-
|-
| siebzig
|Lenz
| seventy
|spring (season)
|-
|-
| siebzigste
|letzte Ölung
| seventieth
|last rites, extreme unction
|-
|-
| Sieder
|letzte Salbung
| soap maker
|last rites, extreme unction
|-
|-
| siehe
|Letzter
| see
|latter, last
|-
|-
| Sigrist
|letzter Wille
| sexton
|last will
|-
|-
| sind
|links
| are
|left
|-
|-
| so
|Lippische Ziegler
| as, so, thus, such
|migrant bricklayers from the Principality of Lippe working in Germany, Brandenburg, the Netherlands, or Denmark
|-
|-
| Sohn
|lohgerbermeister
| son
|master tanner
|-
|-
| Söhnlein, Söhnchen
|Lungenentzündung
| young son
|pneumonia
|-
|-
| Soldat
|Lungenschwindsucht
| soldier
|consumption, tuberculosis
|-
|-
| Söldner
|lutherisch
| mercenary soldier; day laborer
|Lutheran
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===M===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| sollen
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| should
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Sonnabend
|mannschaftl. = mannschaftlich
| Saturday
|(adj.) pertaining to a group of men (Jewish Familiant, especially used in Moravia)
|-
|-
| Sonntag
|Mädchen
| Sunday
|girl
|-
|-
| spät
|Mädel
| late (p.m.)
|girl
|-
|-
| Spengler
|Magd
| plumber; tinsmith
|maiden, maid, servant girl
|-
|-
| spur. = spurius, spuria
|Mägdlein
| illegitimate
|girl, little girl
|-
|-
| Staat
|Mai
| state
|May
|-
|-
| Staatsangehörigkeit
|Maler
| citizenship, nationality
|painter
|-
|-
| Staatsarchiv
|Mann
| state archives
|husband, man
|-
|-
| Stadt
|männlich
| city
|male
|-
|-
| Stammbaum
|mannschaftlich
| family tree, pedigree
|(adj.) pertaining to a group of men (Jewish Familiant, especially used in Moravia)
|-
|-
| Stand
|Mariengroschen, Mgr.
| occupation, status, condition
|Mariengroschen (German currency)
|-
|-
| Standesamt
|Markt
| civil registrar’s office
|market
|-
|-
| starb
|März
| died
|March
|-
|-
| Steinhauer
|Masern
| stonecutter
|measles
|-
|-
| Steinmetz
|Matrikel
| stonemason
|register
|-
|-
| stellen
|Matrose
| place, put, impose
|Bluejacket, Sailor
|-
|-
| Stellmacher
|Maurer
| wheelwright
|mason
|-
|-
| Sterbefälle
|Mautner
| deaths
|customs official
|-
|-
| sterben
|Meister, -meister
| to die
|master
|-
|-
| Steuer
|Mennoniten
| tax
|Mennonites
|-
|-
| Stickfluß
|Messerschmied
| asthma
|cutler, knifesmith
|-
|-
| Stiefbruder
|Metzger, Mezger
| half brother, stepbrother
|butcher
|-
|-
| Stiefkind
|Meubelfabrakant
| stepchild
|furniture manufacturer
|-
|-
| Stiefmutter
|Militär
| stepmother
|military
|-
|-
| Stiefschwester
|minderjährig
| half sister, stepsister
|underaged, minor
|-
|-
| Stiefvater
|mit
| stepfather
|with, via, by
|-
|-
| Stillgeburt
|Mitglied
| stillbirth
|member
|-
|-
| Straße
|Mittag
| street
|midday
|-
|-
| Stunde
|mittags
| hour
|at noon
|-
|-
| Sucht
|Mitternacht
| sickness, mania, rage
|midnight
|-
|-
| Süden
|Mittwoch
| south
|Wednesday
|-
|-
| S.v. = Sohn von
|Monat
| son of
|month
|}
 
==== T  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Montag
| '''English'''
|Monday
|-
|-
| T.d. = Tochter des, der
|Morgen
| daughter of
|morning, tomorrow
|-
|-
| T.v. = Tochter von
|Morgen (morgen)
| daughter of
|measure of land, 0.6 to 0.9 acres
|-
|-
| Tabelle
|morgens
| index, table
|in the morning
|-
|-
| Tag
|müheseelig Mench
| day
|handicapped person
|-
|-
| Tagelöhner
|Mühle
| day laborer
|mill
|-
|-
| Tagner
|Mühlerbesitzer
| day laborer
|mill owner
|-
|-
| Tal, Thal
|Mühlenpächter
| valley
|mill tenant
|-
|-
| Tante
|Mullnäher
| aunt
|Occupation: cheesecloth (gauze) stitcher (sewer)
|-
|-
| Tapazier
|mündlich
| (wall)paper hanger
|verbal, verbally
|-
|-
| Taufe
|Mutter
| baptism
|Mother
|-
|}
| taufen
 
| to baptize
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===N===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Taufpaten
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| godparents
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Taufschein
|N.N. = nomen nescio
| baptismal certificate
|name not known
|-
|-
| tausend
|nach
| thousand
|to, after, according to
|-
|-
| Testament
|Nachbar
| will
|neighbor
|-
|-
| Tischler
|Nachbarschaft
| cabinetmaker, furniture maker
|neighborhood
|-
|-
| Tochter
|nachgelassen
| daughter
|surviving
|-
|-
| Töchterchen
|Nachlaß
| young daughter
|estate, inheritance
|-
|-
| Töchterlein
|Nachmittag
| young daughter
|afternoon
|-
|-
| Tochtermann
|nachmittags
| son-in-law
|in the afternoon
|-
|-
| Tod
|nächst(e)
| death
|next
|-
|-
| Todesart
|Nacht
| manner of death
|night
|-
|-
| Töpfer
|Näherin
| potter
|seamstress
|-
|-
| tot
|Name
| dead
|name
|-
|-
| Totengräber
|Namensfertiger, Nftgr.
| grave digger
|person who signs for illiterate people
|-
|-
| totgeboren
|nat. = natus, nata
| stillborn
|born
|-
|-
| Trauung
|natus, nata
| marriage
|born
|-
|-
| Trennung
|neben
| separation, divorce
|next to
|-
| tschechisch
| Czech
|-
| Tschechoslowakai
| Czechoslovakia
|-
| Tuberkulose
| tuberculosis
|-
| Tuchmacher
| cloth maker, draper
|-
| Tumor
| tumor
|}
 
==== U  ====
 
über
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Nebenfrau
| '''English'''
|concubine
|-
|-
| u.d. = und des, und der
|Neffe
| and of
|nephew
|-
|-
| über
|nemlich
| about, concerning, over
|namely, same, by name (variant of nämlich)
|-
|-
| überleben
|Nervenfieber
| survive
|nervous fever, nerve fever, sometimes means typhus
|-
|-
| Uhr
|neu
| o’clock, clock, watch
|new
|-
|-
| um
|neun
| at, about, around, concerning
|nine
|-
|-
| unbekannt
|neunte
| unknown
|ninth
|-
|-
| und
|neunundzwanzigte
| and
|twenty-ninth
|-
|-
| und der
|neunzehn
| and of
|nineteen
|-
|-
| und des
|neunzehnhundert
| and of
|nineteen hundred
|-
|-
| unehelich
|neunzehnte
| illegitimate
|nineteenth
|-
|-
| ungarisch
|neunzig
| Hungarian
|ninety
|-
|-
| Ungarn
|neunzigste
| Hungary
|ninetieth
|-
|-
| ungefähr
|Nicht
| about, circa, approximately
|not
|-
|-
| uns
|Nichte
| us
|niece
|-
|-
| unter
|nichts
| under, lower
|nothing
|-
|-
| Unterrichter
|nie
| judge
|never
|-
|-
| Unterschrieben
|nieder
| signed
|lower
|-
|-
| Unterschrift
|niederländisch
| signature
|Dutch, of the Netherlands
|-
|-
| Unterzeichnete
|noch
| the undersigned
|still
|-
|-
| unverheiratet
|noch lebende
| unmarried
|still living
|-
|-
| Urenkelkind
|noch nicht
| great-grandchild
|not yet
|-
|-
| Urgroßmutter
|Nord
| great-grandmother
|north
|-
|-
| Urgroßvater
|Notizen
| great-grandfather
|notices, miscellaneous records
|-
|-
| Urkunde
|Nottaufe
| record, document
|emergency baptism
|-
|-
| Ururgroßmutter
|November
| great-great-grandmother
|November
|-
|-
| Ururgroßvater
|Nummer
| great-great-grandfather
|number
|-
|-
| ux. = uxor
|nur
| wife
|only
|}
|}


==== V  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===O===


{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''  
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| '''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Vater
|O.A. = Oberamt
| father
|governing district office
|-
|-
| verehelicht
|ober
| married
|upper, over
|-
|-
| Verehelichung
|ober-, Ober-<br>(comb. form)
| marriage
|chief, head; upper, over
|-
|-
| vergangen
|Oberamt
| past
|governing district office
|-
|-
| vergraben
|Oberpostamtmann
| buried
|Head postmaster (or Chief Postoffice officer)
|-
|-
| verh. = verheiratet
|oder
| married
|or
|-
|-
| Verkäufer
|öffentlich bekanntmachen
| seller, vendor
|make known publicly
|-
|-
| verl. = verlobt
|oft
| engaged
|often
|-
|-
| verlebte
|Oheim, Ohm
| deceased
|maternal uncle
|-
|-
| verloben, sich
|ohne
| to become engaged
|without
|-
|-
| Verlobte
|ohne besonderes Gewerbe
| fiancée
|without any particular occupation
|-
|-
| Verlobter
|Oktober
| fiancé
|October
|-
|-
| Verlobung
|Onkel
| betrothal, engagement
|uncle
|-
|-
| Vermieter
|Ort
| landlord, lessor
|place, town
|-
|-
| Vermögen
|Ortslexikon
| estate, assets
|gazetteer
|-
|-
| Verpächter
|Osten
| landlord, lessor
|east
|-
|-
| verrichtet
|Ostern
| performed
|Easter (could be March or April)
|-
|-
| verschiedene
|Ostermonat
| various
|April
|-
|-
| versehen
|Ostern
| given the last rights, extreme unction (e.g., dates in context of a death record)
|Easter
|-
|-
| Verstopfung
|Österreich
| constipation
|Austria
|-
|-
| verstorben
|österreichisch
| deceased, defunct
|Austrian
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===P===
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| Verstorbene
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| the deceased
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Verwaltung
|Pächter
| administration
|leaseholder
|-
|-
| Verwandten
|Pate
| relatives
|godfather
|-
|-
| Verwandtschaft
|Paten
| relationship
|godparents
|-
|-
| verwitwet
|Patin
| widowed
|godmother
|-
|-
| Verzeichnis
|Pest
| register, list, index
|plague
|-
|-
| Vetter
|Pfalz
| male cousin
|Palatinate
|-
|-
| vid. = viduus, vidua
|Pfarramt
| widower, widow
|parish office
|-
|-
| vielleicht
|Pfarrbuch
| perhaps, maybe
|parish register
|-
|-
| vier
|Pfarrei
| four
|parish
|-
|-
| vierte
|Pfarrer
| fourth
|parish minister, pastor
|-
|-
| vierundzwanzigste
|Pfarrverweser
| twenty-fourth
|curate in charge of the church parish
|-
|-
| vierzehn
|Pfingsten
| fourteen
|Pentecost
|-
|-
| vierzehnte
|Pflegekind
| fourteenth
|foster child
|-
|-
| vierzig
|Pflegesohn
| forty
|foster son
|-
|-
| vierzigste
|Pflegetochter
| fortieth
|foster daughter
|-
|-
| Vogt
|Pfleggericht
| steward, overseer
|district court, local court (older form of Amtsgericht)
|-
|-
| Voigt
|Plätterin
| steward, overseer
|ironer
|-
|-
| Volkszählung
|Platz
| census
|place (location)
|-
|-
| volljährig
|Pocken
| of age, of legal age
|pox, smallpox
|-
|-
| vollzogen
|Polen
| performed
|Poland
|-
|-
| von
|polnisch
| of, from, by
|Polish
|-
|-
| vor
|Posamentierer
| before; ago
|A worker in the art of Posament. Posament is a technique where metal wires or threads are braided and knotted into ornaments and then sewn onto textiles. Braiding and knotting can be used together or separately.
|-
|-
| vorherig
|preußisch
| previous, preceding
|Prussia
|-
|-
| vorheriger Tag
|Priester
| the previous day
|priest
|-
|-
| vorläufig
|Prinz
| for the time being
|prince
|-
|-
| vormals
|Prinzessin
| formerly
|princess
|-
|-
| Vormittags
|protestantisch
| in the morning
|Protestant
|-
|-
| Vormund
|Provinz
| guardian
|province
|-
|-
| Vorname
|provinzial
| given name
|provincial
|-
| Vorstadt
| suburbs, outskirts of town
|}
|}


==== W  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
 
===R===


{| width="100%" border="1"
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''  
| width="25%" |'''German'''
| '''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
| Wagner
|Räbbe
| cartwright
|rabies
|-
|-
| Waise
|Rabbiner
| orphan
|rabbi
|-
|-
| Wald
|Räcke
| forest, woods
|stiffness of the limbs
|-
|-
| wann
|Racker
| when
|renderer
|-
|-
| Wappen
|Rademacher, Radmacher
| coat of arms
|wheelwright
|-
|-
| Wappenkunde
|Radhauer
| heraldry
|wheelwright
|-
|-
| war
|Rathaus
| was
|city hall
|-
|-
| waren
|Ratsherr
| were
|alderman
|-
|-
| warum
|Ratsmann
| why
|councilman; town councilor
|-
|-
| was
|Rechnung
| what
|account; bill
|-
|-
| Wassersucht
|rechtgläubig
| dropsy, edema
|orthodox
|-
|-
| Weber
|Rechtsanwalt
| weaver
|lawyer
|-
|-
| Weduwe
|reformiert
| widow
|reformed
|-
|-
| wegen
|Regierungsbezirk
| because of
|administrative area (a political jurisdiction)
|-
|-
| Wehmutter
|Register
| midwife
|register (a book or list)
|-
|-
| Weib
|Reich
| wife, woman
|empire; kingdom
|-
|-
| weiblich
|Reifer
| female
|ropemaker; rope merchant
|-
|-
| weil. = weiland
|Reiter
| deceased
|rider; cavalryman
|-
|-
| weiland
|relicta
| deceased
|widow
|-
|-
| Weiland
|relictus
| the deceased
|widower
|-
|-
| Weiler
|Religion
| hamlet
|religion
|-
|-
| weiß
|ren. = renatus, renata
| white
|baptized, christened
|-
|-
| Weißgerber
|Rentner
| tanner
|retired person
|-
|-
| welche
|Rheuma
| which
|rheumatism
|-
|-
| wer
|Richter
| who
|judge
|-
|-
| werden
|Rodel
| to become
|register
|-
|-
| West
|Röseler
| west
|whitewasher
|-
|-
| weyland
|Rössler
| deceased
|horseman; tanner
|-
|-
| wie
|römisch katholisch
| how
|Roman Catholic
|-
|-
| Windpocken
|Röt
| chicken pox
|measles; bloody diarrhea
|-
|-
| Wintermonat
|Rotgerber
| November
|red tanner
|-
|-
| Wirt
|Rotsucht, Rothsucht
| innkeeper
|rubeola, measles
|-
|-
| Wittib
|Ruhestand
| widow
|retirement
|-
|-
| Wittiber
|Ruhr
| widower
|dysentery
|-
|-
| Witwer
|russisch
| widower
|Russian
|-
|-
| wo
|Rußland
| where
|Russia
|-
|}
| Woche
 
| week
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
|-
 
| Wochenbett
===S===
| childbed
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|S. = Seite
|page
|-
|s. = siehe
|see the following reference
|-
|Sachsen
|Saxony
|-
|Sackhuhn
|sailmaker
|-
|Säger
|sawyer
|-
|Salbung
|anointing
|-
|Salzmesser
|a salt weigher
|-
|Salzvogt
|salt works overseer
|-
|Samstag
|Saturday
|-
|Sarkhauer
|stonemason
|-
|Satertag
|Saturday
|-
|Sattler
|saddler, leather worker
|-
|-
| woher
|Schacherer
| from where
|peddler
|-
|-
| wohnen
|Schäfer
| to live, residing
|shepherd
|-
|-
| Wohnort
|Schaffer
| place of residence
|worker; laborer; administrator
|-
|-
| Wohnplatz
|Schäf(f)ler
| place of residence
|cooper
|-
|-
| Wohnung
|Schaffmann
| domicile, residence
|worker
|-
|-
| wollen
|Schaffner
| to want
|conductor
|-
|-
| Wonnemonat
|Schalbelehnter,
| May
Schaalbelehnter
|one who works with scales, a weigher
|-
|-
| Wörterbuch
|Schalck, Schall
| dictionary
|servant
|-
|-
| wurde geboren
|Scharlach, Scharlachfieber
| was born
|scarlet fever
|-
|-
| wurde getauft
|Schänker / Schenker
| was baptized
|tavernkeeper; an innkeeper who taps beer or wine
|-
|-
| würdig
|Scharnemann
| worthy
|merchant in a market
|-
|-
| Wwe. = Witwe
|Scharrmacher
| widow
|wagon builder
|-
|-
| Wwer. = Witwer
|Scharwerker
| widower
|day laborer on a farm
|}
|-
 
|Schatter, Schattmann
==== X  ====
|tax assessor
 
|-
{| width="100%" border="1"
|Schatzmann
|moneychanger; treasurer
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Schatzmeister
| '''English'''
|treasurer
|-
|-
| Xber,&nbsp;Xbris
|Scheibenreisser
| December
|glazier
|}
 
==== Z  ====
 
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" | '''German'''
|Scheibler
| '''English'''
|salt carrier
|-
|-
| zählen
|Scheiding
| to count
|September
|-
|-
| Zahnkrämpfe
|Scheidler
| teething
|knife-blade maker
|-
|-
| Zahnung
|Scheidung
| teething
|divorce
|-
|-
| zehn
|Schein
| ten
|certificate
|-
|-
| Zehnt(en)buch
|Schenkungen
| tithing book
|donations
|-
|-
| zehnte
|Scherer
| tenth
|barber; beardcutter; cloth cutter
|-
|-
| Zehnten
|Schichtmeister
| tithes
|mine paymaster
|-
|-
| zehrendes Fieber
|Schiffbauer
| consumptive fever
|shipbuilder
|-
|-
| Zehrung
|Schiffer
| consuption
|shipper; seaman
|-
|-
| Zeit
|Schiffmann
| time
|sailor
|-
|-
| Zeuge
|Schiffsmakler
| witness
|shipbroker; shipping agent
|-
|-
| Ziegler
|Schilderer
| brick maker
|sign painter
|-
|-
| Zimmermann
|Schindeldecker
| Carpenter
|roofer of shingle roofs
|-
|-
| Zivilstandsamt
|Schindelmacher
| civil registrar's office
|shingle maker
|-
|-
| Zöllner
|Schinner
| publican, tax collector
|renderer, skinner
|-
|-
| zu Hause
|Schirmmacher
| at home
|umbrella maker
|-
|-
| Zukunft
|Schirrmacher
| future
|wagon maker
|-
|-
| Zuname
|Schirrmeister
| surname, last name
|master wagon maker
|-
|-
| zusammen
|Schlachter, Schlächter
| together
|butcher
|-
|-
| zwanzig
|Schlachtmann
| twenty
|butcher
|-
|-
| zwanzigte
|Schlachtwanter
| twentieth
|clothing wholesaler
|-
|-
| zwei
|Schlafbaas
| two
|innkeeper
|-
|-
| zweihundert
|Schlaganfall
| two hundred
|stroke, seizure
|-
|-
| zwei tausend
|Schlagfluß
| two thousand
|stroke
|-
|-
| zweite
|Schlieper
| second
|knifemaker; cutler
|-
|-
| zweiundzwanzigste
|Schlieter
| twenty-second
|merchant
|-
|-
| Zwilling(e)
|Schloß
| twin, twins
|castle
|-
|-
| zwischen
|Schlosser
| between
|locksmith
|-
|-
| zwölf
|Schlotfeger
| twelve
|chimneysweep
|-
|-
| Zwölfer
|Schlotthauer
| member of a council
|locksmith
|-
|-
| zwölfte
|Schmied
| twelfth
|smith
|-
|Schneide Müllergeselle
|sawmiller's assistant
|-
|Schneider
|tailor
|-
|Schnitzer, Schnitzler
|woodcarver
|-
|Schopper
|ship's carpenter
|-
|Schornsteinfeger
|chimneysweep
|-
|Schosserheber
|tax collector
|-
|Schösser
|tax collector
|-
|Schotte
|peddler
|-
|Schottler
|turner; key maker
|-
|Schottilier
|turner; carpenter
|-
|Schreiber
|scribe, clerk
|-
|Schreiner
|cabinetmaker, joiner
|-
|Schriftsetzer
|typesetter, typographer
|-
|Schroder, Schröder
|tailor
|-
|Schröer
|tailor
|-
|Schröter
|tailor; carter; driver; cooper
|-
|Schubarth, Schuberth, Schubring
|shoemaker
|-
|Schuchard, Schucherd, Schuchmann, Schuckert
|shoemaker
|-
|Schuhmacher
|shoemaker, cobbler
|-
|Schule
|school
|-
|Schullehrer
|schoolteacher
|-
|Schultheiß, Schulze
|village mayor, head of town council
|-
|Schüssler
|bowl maker
|-
|Schuster
|shoemaker, cobbler
|-
|Schutzmann
|policeman
|-
|Schuwarte
|shoemaker
|-
|Schwäche
|weakness
|-
|Schwager
|brother-in-law
|-
|Schwägerin
|sister-in-law
|-
|Schwaiger
|shepherd
|-
|schwanger
|pregnant
|-
|schwarz
|black
|-
|schwarzer Tod
|black death; plague
|-
|Schwarzgiesser
|iron smelter
|-
|Schwein(e)hirt(h)
|pigherd
|-
|Schweisser
|welder
|-
|Schweiz
|Switzerland
|-
|Schweizer
|Swiss; also a dairyman
|-
|Schwendimann
|settler on recently burned woodland
|-
|Schwerdtfeger
|armorer
|-
|Schwester
|sister
|-
|Schwiegermutter
|mother-in-law
|-
|Schwiegersohn
|son-in-law
|-
|Schwiegertochter
|daughter-in-law
|-
|Schwiegervater
|father-in-law
|-
|Schwindsucht
|consumption
|-
|S.d. = Sohn des, der
|son of
|-
|sechs
|six
|-
|sechste
|sixth
|-
|sechsundzwanzig
|twenty-six
|-
|sechsundzwanzigste
|twenty-sixth
|-
|sechzehnhundert
|sixteen hundred
|-
|sechzehn
|sixteen
|-
|sechzehnte
|sixteenth
|-
|sechzig
|sixty
|-
|sechzigste
|sixtieth
|-
|See
|lake
|-
|Seelen
|souls
|-
|Seelenregister
|church membership list
|-
|Seelsorger
|minister, chaplain
|-
|Seemann
|sailor
|-
|Segner
|fisherman
|-
|Seifensieder
|soap maker
|-
|Seigner
|fisherman
|-
|Seiler
|rope maker
|-
|sein
|to be; his
|-
|seit
|since
|-
|(mütterlicher/väterlicher) Seits
|on the (maternal/paternal) side
|-
|Seite
|page
|-
|Seitenstechen
|stitch, pain in the side
|-
|selige
|(the) late, blessed
|-
|September
|September
|-
|Sibber
|sieve maker
|-
|Sibmacher
|sieve maker
|-
|sich
|himself, herself, itself
|-
|sie
|she, they
|-
|Sie
|you
|-
|sieben
|seven
|-
|siebente
|seventh
|-
|siebenundzwanzigste
|twenty-seventh
|-
|siebte
|seventh
|-
|siebzehn
|seventeen
|-
|siebzehnhundert
|seventeen hundred
|-
|siebzehnte
|seventeenth
|-
|siebzig
|seventy
|-
|siebzigste
|seventieth
|-
|Sieder
|soap maker
|-
|Siedler
|settler
|-
|siehe
|see
|-
|Sigrist
|sexton
|-
|sind
|are
|-
|so
|as, so, thus, such
|-
|Sohn
|son
|-
|Söhnlein, Söhnchen
|young son
|-
|Soldat
|soldier
|-
|Sölde
|plot of land
|-
|Söldner
|mercenary soldier, day laborer, or farmer
|-
|sollen
|should
|-
|Sonnabend
|Saturday
|-
|Sonntag
|Sunday
|-
|spät
|late (p.m.)
|-
|Spengler
|plumber; tinsmith
|-
|spur. = spurius, spuria
|illegitimate
|-
|Staat
|state
|-
|Staatsangehörigkeit
|citizenship, nationality
|-
|Staatsarchiv
|state archives
|-
|Stadt
|city
|-
|Stammbaum
|family tree, pedigree
|-
|Stand
|occupation, status, condition
|-
|Standesamt
|civil registrar’s office
|-
|starb
|died
|-
|Steinhauer
|stonecutter
|-
|Steinmetz
|stonemason
|-
|stellen
|place, put, impose
|-
|Stellmacher
|wheelwright, cartwright (a craftsman who builds or repairs wooden wheels.)
|-
|Sterbefälle
|deaths
|-
|sterben
|to die
|-
|Steuer
|tax
|-
|Stickfluß
|asthma
|-
|Stiefbruder
|half brother, stepbrother
|-
|Stiefkind
|stepchild
|-
|Stiefmutter
|stepmother
|-
|Stiefschwester
|half sister, stepsister
|-
|Stiefvater
|stepfather
|-
|Stillgeburt
|stillbirth
|-
|Straße
|street
|-
|Stunde
|hour
|-
|Sucht
|sickness, mania, rage
|-
|Süden
|south
|-
|S.v. = Sohn von
|son of
|}
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===T===
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|T.d. = Tochter des, der
|daughter of
|-
|T.v. = Tochter von
|daughter of
|-
|Tabelle
|index, table
|-
|Tag
|day
|-
|Tagelöhner, Taglöhner
|day laborer
|-
|Tagner
|day laborer
|-
|Tal, Thal
|valley
|-
|Tante
|aunt
|-
|Tapazier
|(wall)paper hanger
|-
|Tapeten
|wallpaper, hangings
|-
|Tapezierer
|Upholsterer
|-
|Tapezierergehilfe
|Assistant upholsterer
|-
|Tapezierergehilfin
|Assistant upholsterer
|-
|Tapeziermeister
|Master upholsterer
|-
|Taufe
|baptism
|-
|taufen
|to baptize
|-
|Taufpaten
|godparents
|-
|Taufschein
|baptismal certificate
|-
|tausend
|thousand
|-
|Telegraphenberwerkmeister
|senior Telegraph foreman
|-
|Testament
|will
|-
|Tischler
|cabinetmaker, furniture maker
|-
|Tochter
|daughter
|-
|Töchterchen
|young daughter
|-
|Töchterlein
|young daughter
|-
|Tochtermann
|son-in-law
|-
|Tod
|death
|-
|Todesart
|manner of death
|-
|Töpfer
|potter
|-
|tot
|dead
|-
|Totengräber
|grave digger
|-
|totgeboren, todtgeboren
|stillborn
|-
|Trauung
|marriage
|-
|Trennung
|separation, divorce
|-
|tschechisch
|Czech
|-
|Tschechoslowakai
|Czechoslovakia
|-
|Tschismenmacher
|shoemaker, maker of Hungarian boots
|-
|Tuberkulose
|tuberculosis
|-
|Tuchbereiter
| cloth-dresser (cropper)
|-
|Tuchmacher
|cloth maker, draper
|-
|Tumor
|tumor
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===U===
über
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|u.d. = und des, und der
|and of
|-
|über
|about, concerning, over
|-
|überleben
|survive
|-
|Uhr
|o’clock, clock, watch
|-
|um
|at, about, around, concerning
|-
|unbekannt
|unknown
|-
|und
|and
|-
|und der
|and of
|-
|und des
|and of
|-
|unehelich
|illegitimate
|-
|ungarisch
|Hungarian
|-
|Ungarn
|Hungary
|-
|ungefähr
|about, circa, approximately
|-
|uns
|us
|-
|unter
|under, lower
|-
|Unterleib
|abdomen
|-
|Unterleibsentzündung
|abdominal inflammation, peritonitis
|-
|Unterleibstyphus
|typhoid fever
|-
|Unterleibsverhärtung
|abdomenal hardening
|-
|Unterrichter
|judge
|-
|Unterschrieben
|signed
|-
|Unterschrift
|signature
|-
|Unterzeichnete
|the undersigned
|-
|unverheiratet, unverehelicht
|unmarried
|-
|unzeitiges Kind
|premature child
|-
|Urenkelkind
|great-grandchild
|-
|Urgroßmutter
|great-grandmother
|-
|Urgroßvater
|great-grandfather
|-
|Urkunde
|record, document
|-
|Ururgroßmutter
|great-great-grandmother
|-
|Ururgroßvater
|great-great-grandfather
|-
|ux. = uxor
|wife
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===V===
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|Vater
|father
|-
|verehelicht
|married
|-
|Verehelichung
|marriage
|-
|vergangen
|past
|-
|vergraben
|buried
|-
|verh. = verheiratet
|married
|-
|Verkäufer
|seller, vendor
|-
|verl. = verlobt
|engaged
|-
|verlebte
|deceased
|-
|verloben, sich
|to become engaged
|-
|Verlobte
|fiancée
|-
|Verlobter
|fiancé
|-
|Verlobung
|betrothal, engagement
|-
|Vermieter
|landlord, lessor
|-
|Vermögen
|estate, assets
|-
|Verpächter
|landlord, lessor
|-
|verrichtet
|performed
|-
|verschiedene
|various
|-
|versehen
|given the last rights, extreme unction (e.g., dates in context of a death record)
|-
|Verstopfung
|constipation
|-
|verstorben
|deceased, defunct
|-
|Verstorbene
|the deceased
|-
|Verwaltung
|administration
|-
|Verwandten
|relatives
|-
|Verwandtschaft
|relationship
|-
|verwitwet
|widowed
|-
|Verzeichnis
|register, list, index
|-
|Vetter
|male cousin
|-
|vid. = viduus, vidua
|widower, widow
|-
|vielleicht
|perhaps, maybe
|-
|vier
|four
|-
|vierte
|fourth
|-
|vierundzwanzigste
|twenty-fourth
|-
|vierzehn
|fourteen
|-
|vierzehnte
|fourteenth
|-
|vierzig
|forty
|-
|vierzigste
|fortieth
|-
|Vogt
|steward, overseer
|-
|Voigt
|steward, overseer
|-
|Volkszählung
|census
|-
|volljährig
|of age, of legal age
|-
|vollzogen
|performed
|-
|von
|of, from, by
|-
|vor
|before; ago
|-
|vorgestern
|the day before yesterday
|-
|vorherig
|previous, preceding
|-
|vorheriger Tag
|the previous day
|-
|vorläufig
|for the time being
|-
|vormals
|formerly
|-
|Vormittags
|in the morning
|-
|Vormund
|guardian
|-
|Vorname
|given name
|-
|Vorstadt
|suburbs, outskirts of town
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===W===
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|Wagner
|cartwright
|-
|Waise
|orphan
|-
|Wald
|forest, woods
|-
|wann
|when
|-
|Wappen
|coat of arms
|-
|Wappenkunde
|heraldry
|-
|war
|was
|-
|waren
|were
|-
|warum
|why
|-
|was
|what
|-
|Wassersucht
|dropsy, edema
|-
|Weber
|weaver
|-
|Weduwe
|widow
|-
|wegen
|because of
|-
|Wehmutter
|midwife
|-
|Weib
|wife, woman
|-
|weiblich
|female
|-
|weil. = weiland
|deceased
|-
|weiland
|deceased
|-
|Weiland
|the deceased
|-
|Weiler
|hamlet
|-
|weiß
|white
|-
|Weißgerber
|tanner
|-
|welche
|which
|-
|Weltpriester
|a secular priest
|-
|wer
|who
|-
|werden
|to become
|-
|West
|west
|-
|weyland
|deceased
|-
|wie
|how
|-
|Wiedertäufer
|Anabaptist
|-
|Windpocken
|chicken pox
|-
|Wintermonat
|November
|-
|Wirt
|innkeeper or owner of a pub, tavern, restaurant, inn
|-
|Wittib
|widow
|-
|Wittiber
|widower
|-
|Witwer
|widower
|-
|wo
|where
|-
|Woche
|week
|-
|Wochenbett
|childbed
|-
|Wöchnerin
|woman in childbed
|-
|woher
|from where
|-
|wohnen
|to live, residing
|-
|Wohnort
|place of residence
|-
|Wohnplatz
|place of residence
|-
|Wohnung
|domicile, residence
|-
|wollen
|to want
|-
|Wonnemonat
|May
|-
|Wörterbuch
|dictionary
|-
|wurde geboren
|was born
|-
|wurde getauft
|was baptized
|-
|würdig
|worthy
|-
|Wwe. = Witwe
|widow
|-
|Wwer. = Witwer
|widower
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===X===
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|Xber, Xbris
|December
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}
===Z===
{| width="100%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''German'''
|'''English'''
|-
|zählen
|to count
|-
|Zahnkrämpfe
|teething
|-
|Zähnen, Zähnung
|teething
|-
|zehn
|ten
|-
|Zehnt(en)buch
|tithing book
|-
|zehnte
|tenth
|-
|Zehnten
|tithes
|-
|zehrendes Fieber
|consumptive fever
|-
|Zehrung
|consumption
|-
|Zeit
|time
|-
|Zentner
|hundredweight
|-
|Zeuge
|witness
|-
|Ziegler
|brick maker
|-
|Ziehmutter, -sohn,<br>-tochter
|foster mother, son, daughter
|-
|Zimmermann
|Carpenter
|-
|Zivilstandsamt
|civil registrar's office
|-
|Zöllner
|publican, tax collector
|-
|zu Hause
|at home
|-
|Zukunft
|future
|-
|Zuname
|surname, last name
|-
|zusammen
|together
|-
|zuständig nach, heimatberechtigt in, ansässig in
|entitled to reside in/home rights in (a place), residing in, resident of
|-
|Zuständigkeitsort
|place of jurisdiction
|-
|zwanzig
|twenty
|-
|zwanzigte
|twentieth
|-
|zwei
|two
|-
|zweihundert
|two hundred
|-
|zwei tausend
|two thousand
|-
|zweite
|second
|-
|zweiundzwanzigste
|twenty-second
|-
|Zwilling(e)
|twin, twins
|-
|zwischen
|between
|-
|zwölf
|twelve
|-
|Zwölfer
|member of a council
|-
|zwölfte
|twelfth
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|y=}}


[[Category:Germany|Word List]] [[Category:Word_List]]
[[Category:Germany Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Spelling Substitution]]
[[Category:Word_List]]
Mckennacooper
Reviewer, editor, pagecreator
992

edits

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