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This information can help you determine significant culture, ecclesiastical, and political events in the history of Saskatchewan. Changes in geographical boundaries and ownership of land are especially important in determining where to search for the records of your ancestors.
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'''1670'''<nowiki>:  Today’s Saskatchewan was a part of the territory given to the Hudson’s Bay Company. The early history of this province was linked closely to the fur trade.</nowiki>
==Brief History==
*The first peoples were Indigenous, including Cree, Dakota, Dene (Chipewyan), Assiniboine and Saulteaux.
*It was part of the territory granted to the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670, called Rupert's Land.
*The expansion of the fur trade and European settlement saw the growth of another group of peoples called Métis, who were the descendants of mixed Indigenous European families.
*In 1869, the Government of Canada acquired all the land belonging to the Hudson's Bay Company.
*From 1870 until 1905, the area became a part of the North-West Territories.
*In 1882, the southern region was divided into the Districts of Saskatchewan and Assiniboia.  In 1895, the northern region became part of the Athabasca District.
*Saskatchewan became a province in 1905 from the Northwest Territories.<ref>"Saskatchewan", Library and Archives Canada, https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/genealogy/places/Pages/saskatchewan.aspx, accessed 10 December 2020.</ref>


'''1774:  '''Cumberland House, the first trading post, is established by the Hudson’s Bay Company.
==History==
The first permanent European settlement was a Hudson's Bay Company post at Cumberland House, founded in 1774 by Samuel Hearne.
In 1762 the south of the province was part of the Spanish Louisiana until 1802.<br>
In 1803 the Louisiana Purchase transferred from France to the United States part of what is now Alberta and Saskatchewan. In 1818 it was ceded to the United Kingdom. Most of what is now Saskatchewan, was part of Rupert's Land and controlled by the Hudson's Bay Company.
A seminal event in the history of what was to become Western Canada was the 1874 "March West" of the federal government's new North-West Mounted Police. Despite poor equipment and lack of provisions, the men on the march persevered and established a federal presence in the new territory.<br>
The population grew and on September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province, with inauguration day held September 4. The Dominion Lands Act permitted settlers to acquire one quarter of a square mile of land to homestead and offered an additional quarter upon establishing a homestead.<br><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saskatchewan]</ref>


'''1821:  '''North West Company and the Hudson’s Bay Company are united.
== Timeline  ==


'''1870:  '''Rupert’s Land bought from the Hudson’s Bay Company and organized into the Northwest Territories.
*'''1524-1529''': All lands to the west in this continent are referred to as Nova Franca or Nova Gallia (New Gaul) on early maps.
*'''1668''' Rupert's Land Act.<ref>Adamson, Julia.  [http://sites.rootsweb.com/~cansk/Saskatchewan/Timeline-Sk.html Saskatchewan GenWeb - Historical Timeline]  16-Dec-2004.  Date accessed March 3, 2013.</ref>
*'''1670''' Today’s Saskatchewan was a part of the territory given to the Hudson’s Bay Company. The early history of this province was linked closely to the fur trade.
*'''1754''' Anthony Henday explored the Saskatchewan River.
*'''1763''' Proclamation of 1763 gives the lands of the northwest to Quebec.
*'''1774''' Cumberland House, the first trading post,&nbsp;was established by the Hudson’s Bay Company.
*'''1775''' Île-à-la-Crosse is established.
*'''1783''' Treaty of Versailles establishes new Canada-United States border.
*'''1792-1794''' Peter Fidler explored and maps the Athabasca River and the north and south branches of the Saskatchewan River&nbsp;for the Hudson's Bay Company.
*'''1794''' Jay's treaty negotiates United States - Canada border.
*'''1821''' North West Company and the Hudson’s Bay Company were united.
*'''1846''' Treaty of Oregon establishes 49th parallel as United States-Canaeda boundary in the plains region (southern Saskatchewan).
*'''1857-1860''' Palliser, and Hind surveyed the southern prairie region for the Imperial Government defines the Palliser Triangle.<ref>Hind, Henry Youle.  [https://books.google.com/books/about/North_west_Territory.html?id=m7MNAAAAQAAJ ''North-west territory: Reports of progress...'']</ref><ref>Palliser, John. June 1859. [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011639306 ''Papers relative to the exploration by Captain Palliser...'']</ref><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palliser%27s_Triangle Palliser's Triangle] at Wikipedia, accessed 14 May 2022.</ref>
*'''1870 July 15, 18709, '''Rupert’s Land was bought from the Hudson’s Bay Company Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory organized into the North-West Territories.
*'''1870''' Manitoba Act sees migraton of Métis to Saskatchewan area to claim lands.
*'''1871''' Treaty 2 signed with Moose Mountan First Nations Saulteaux.
*'''1872''' Canadian Pacific Act and Canada's Homestead Act- Dominion Lands Act: passed affecting transfer of land sales.
*'''1873''' Fort Livingstone capital of the North West Territories.
*'''1873''' Cypress Hills Massacre.
*'''1875: '''The North-West Territories&nbsp;were re-organized under the federal government.
*'''1876''' Treaty 6 is signed with First Nations.<ref>[http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/de/saskatchewan100/timelinecover.htm Saskatchewan Timeline 1905-2005]  Saskatoon Public School Online Learning Centre.  OLC SPSD.  February 26, 2008.  Date accessed March 3, 2013.</ref>
*'''1878''' Battleford the new capital of the North West Territories.
*'''1879''' John Macoun exploration expedition claims southern Saskatchewan suitable for agriculture.<ref>Winkel, James.  [http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/exploration_trails.html Exploration Trails]  Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan.  Canadian Plains Research Center University of Regina.  2006.  Date accessed March 3, 2013.</ref>
*'''1882''' The southern region of the North-West Territories was divided into four districts; three were named Assiniboia, Saskatchewan and Athabaska (or Athabasca). These provisional districts covered the area of today’s Saskatchewan with different boundaries to the east and west than the current province.<ref>Fung, K.I. et al editors.  [http://sites.rootsweb.com/~cansk/maps/ Atlas of Saskatchewan Celebrating the Millenium and 1969 Edition] selected maps showing the evolution of Saskatchewan and ethnic bloc settlements.  re-published online Julia Adamson at Saskatchewan Gen Web.  17-Jun-2001</ref> <ref>Adamson, Julia.  [http://sites.rootsweb.com/~cansk/Saskatchewan/map.html Saskatchewan Gen Web Project Maps]    Date accessed 21 Nov 2018.</ref>
*'''1884''' Local improvement districts (LIDs) form to provide municipal infrastructure and fire guard services.
*'''1882''' North West Mounted Police were headquartered at Regina.
*'''1885''' The Northwest Rebellion outbreak was headed by Louis Riel.<ref>[http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/province/skztimeln.htm Sskatchewan Timeline - Sasktchewan History] World Atlas.  Graphic Maps. Date accessed March 3, 2013. </ref>
*'''1885''' The Canadian Pacific Railroad was completed. Many immigrants began to settle in southern Saskatchewan from the United States, Great Britain and Europe, as well as migrants from easter Canada.
*'''1885''' In 1885, the grievances of the Métis people led to the North-West Resistance, also known as the North-West Rebellion.*'''1897''' Rural municipalities RMs are replacing local improvement districts, LIDs
*'''1899''' More than seven thousand Doukhobors from the Crimea immigrated into southern Saskatchewan.
*'''1905''' The Province of Saskatchewan was formed as part of the Dominion of Canada, Regina is named the capital city (the following year the "North-West Territories become the Northwest Territories without a hyphen). <ref>[http://www.pwnhc.ca/research/nwtname/index.html History of the Name of the Northwest Territories]  Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre.  PWNHC.  March 8, 2009.  Date accessed March 3, 2013.</ref>
*'''1907''' University of Saskatchewan&nbsp;was founded in Saskatoon. <ref>Hall, David J.  [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/north-west-territories-1870-1905 - The Canadian Encyclopedia] 2012.  Historica-Dominion.  Date accessed May 14, 2022.</ref>
*'''1930''' Saskatchewan acquired control over its natural resources.
*'''1932-33''' The CCF Party was formed.<ref>[http://www.publications.gov.sk.ca/details.cfm?p=10390 Saskatchewan History - Centennial Timeline 1905-2005]  Saskatchewan Archives Board.  Saskatchewan Government.  March 2, 2013.  Date accessed March 3, 2013. </ref>
*'''1946''' The first public hospitalization plan in Canada&nbsp;was enacted in Saskatchewan.
*'''1956''' Uranium was developed at Lake Athabasca.


'''1875:  '''The territories are organized under the government.
== Historical Sources  ==


'''1882:  '''The southern region of the Northwest Territories was divided into four districts; two were named Assiniboia and Saskatchewan. They covered the southern half of today’s Saskatchewan.
The [https://www.familysearch.org/en/library/ FamilySearch Library] has some published national, provincial, and local histories. See the Locality Search of the [[FamilySearch Catalog Surname Search|FamilySearch Catalog Surname Search]] under:


'''1882:  '''North West Mounted Police headquartered at Regina.
::CANADA - HISTORY [PROVINCE] - HISTORY
::[PROVINCE], [COUNTY] - HISTORY
::[PROVINCE], [COUNTY], [CITY] - HISTORY
::[PROVINCE], [CITY] - HISTORY


'''1885:  '''Northwest Rebellion outbreak.
*''A Short History of Canada'' <ref>Morton, Desmond. ''A Short History of Canada''. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1983. {{FSC|614713|title-id|disp=FS Catalog book 971 H2md}}.)</ref>


'''1885:  '''The Canadian Pacific Railroad was completed. Many immigrants began to settle in southern Saskatchewan.
*''The Atlantic Provinces: The Emergence of Colonial Society, 1712–1857'' <ref>MacNutt, W. S. ''The Atlantic Provinces: The Emergence of Colonial Society, 1712–1857''. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1965. ({{FSC|382319|title-id|disp=FS Catalog book 971.5 H2mws}}.)</ref>


'''1899:  '''More than seven thousand Doukhobors from the Crimea immigrated into southern Saskatchewan.
== Canadian Sources  ==


'''1905:  '''The Province of Saskatchewan was formed.
Encyclopedias also include excellent articles on the history of Canada. Many books and articles on Canadian history are listed in these annotated bibliographies:


'''1907:  '''University of Saskatchewan is founded in Saskatoon.
*''A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. I. Beginnings to Confederation.'' <ref>Muise, D. A., ed. ''A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. I. Beginnings to Confederation.'' Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982. ({{FSC|364825|title-id|disp=FS Catalog book 971 H23r v. 1}})</ref>
 
*''A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. II. Confederation to the Present.'' <ref>Granatstein, J. L., and Paul Stevens, eds. ''A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. II. Confederation to the Present.'' Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982. (FS Library book {{FSC|364825|title-id|disp=971 H23r v. 2}})</ref>
 
=== Local Histories  ===
 
Local histories are some of the most valuable sources for family history research. They describe the settlement of the area and the founding of churches, schools, and businesses. You can also find lists of early settlers, soldiers, and civil officials. Even if your ancestor is not listed, information on other relatives may provide important clues for locating your ancestor. A local history may also suggest other records to search.
 
Published histories of towns, counties, districts or other municipalities, and provinces often contain accounts of families. Many district, county, and town histories include sections or volumes of biographical information. These may give information on as many as half of the families in the area. A county history is also the best source of information about a county’s origin.
 
The [https://www.familysearch.org/en/library/ FamilySearch Library] has about 300 district histories from the Prairie Provinces and fewer township and county histories from the rest of Canada. Similar histories are often at major Canadian public and university libraries and archives.  
 
Bibliographies that list histories for some provinces are in the Locality Search of the [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch Catalog]] under:
 
::[PROVINCE] - BIBLIOGRAPHY
::[PROVINCE] - HISTORY - BIBLIOGRAPHY
 
== Sources  ==
 
<references />
 
[[Category:Saskatchewan, Canada]]
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