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==Brief History== | |||
*The first peoples were the '''Beothuk''', who became extinct in 1829. Today there are '''Inuit, Innu, Mi'kmaq and Southern Inuit peoples'''. | |||
*In 1501 and 1502, explorer claimed Newfoundland and Labrador as part of the Portuguese Empire. Seasonal fishing outposts were established in Newfoundland around 1521, and older '''Portuguese settlements''' may have existed. | |||
*Sometime before 1563 '''Basque fishermen''', who had been fishing cod shoals off Newfoundland's coasts since the beginning of the sixteenth century, founded '''Plaisance (today Placentia)'''. | |||
*Twenty years later, in 1583, Newfoundland became England's first possession in North America and one of the '''earliest permanent English colonies''' in the New World. | |||
*Proprietary Governors were assigned to establish colonial settlements on the island from 1610 to 1728. | |||
*Explorers quickly realized the waters around Newfoundland had the best fishing in the North Atlantic. By 1620, 300 fishing boats worked the Grand Banks, employing some 10,000 sailors; many continuing to come from the '''Basque Country, Normandy, or Brittany'''. | |||
*In 1655, France appointed a governor in Plaisance (Placentia), the former Basque fishing settlement, thus starting a formal '''French colonization period''' in Newfoundland. In 1713, France ceded to the British its claims to Newfoundland. The French population of Plaisance moved to Île Royale (now Cape Breton Island). French fishermen retained the right to land and cure fish on the "French Shore" on the western coast. | |||
*Newfoundland '''rejected confederation with Canada''' in the 1869 general election. Newfoundland remained a colony until acquiring Dominion status in 1907. The '''Dominion of Newfoundland''' was relatively autonomous from British rule. | |||
*Since the early 1800s, Newfoundland and Quebec had been in a border dispute over the Labrador region. In 1927, however, the British government ruled that the area known as '''modern-day Labrador''' was to be considered part of the Dominion of Newfoundland. | |||
*Newfoundland officially joined Canada at midnight on March 31, 1949.<ref>"Newfoundland and Labrador", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador, accessed 18 December 2020.</ref> | |||
== History == | |||
About 93 percent of Newfoundland’s residents have British ancestry and about 3 percent have French ancestry. | About 93 percent of Newfoundland’s residents have British ancestry and about 3 percent have French ancestry. | ||
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The "Bible" of Newfoundland History is Judge D.W. Prowse's A History of Newfoundland, from the English, Colonial, and Foreign records, London Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1896. It is a good place to start your quest and has recently been republished.<br> | The "Bible" of Newfoundland History is Judge D.W. Prowse's A History of Newfoundland, from the English, Colonial, and Foreign records, London Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1896. It is a good place to start your quest and has recently been republished.<br> | ||
== Timeline == | |||
The following important events affected political boundaries, record keeping, and family movements: | The following important events affected political boundaries, record keeping, and family movements: | ||
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Your ancestors’ lives will be more interesting if you learn about the history they may have been part of. For example, in a history you might learn about the events that occurred the year your great-grandparents were married. | Your ancestors’ lives will be more interesting if you learn about the history they may have been part of. For example, in a history you might learn about the events that occurred the year your great-grandparents were married. | ||
== Historical Sources == | |||
For a list of published national, provincial, and local histories, click on FamilySearch Catalog in the window to the left. Select from the list of titles to see descriptions of the records with the film or book call numbers. Use that information to obtain the records at a FamilySearch center or at the FamilySearch Library. | For a list of published national, provincial, and local histories, click on FamilySearch Catalog in the window to the left. Select from the list of titles to see descriptions of the records with the film or book call numbers. Use that information to obtain the records at a FamilySearch center or at the FamilySearch Library. | ||
== Canada Sources == | |||
These are two of many historical sources: | These are two of many historical sources: | ||
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Granatstein, J. L., and Paul Stevens, eds. A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. II. Confederation to the Present. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982. (FS Library book 971 H23r v. 2.) | Granatstein, J. L., and Paul Stevens, eds. A Reader's Guide to Canadian History. II. Confederation to the Present. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982. (FS Library book 971 H23r v. 2.) | ||
== Local Histories == | |||
Local histories are some of the most valuable sources for family history research. They describe the settlement of the area and the founding of churches, schools, and businesses. You can also find lists of early settlers, soldiers, and civil officials. Even if your ancestor is not listed, information on other relatives may provide important clues for locating your ancestor. A local history may also suggest other records to search. | Local histories are some of the most valuable sources for family history research. They describe the settlement of the area and the founding of churches, schools, and businesses. You can also find lists of early settlers, soldiers, and civil officials. Even if your ancestor is not listed, information on other relatives may provide important clues for locating your ancestor. A local history may also suggest other records to search. | ||
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For descriptions of bibliographies for {Province Name} available through FamilySearch Centers or the FamilySearch Library, click on FamilySearch Catalog in the window to the left. Look under BIBLIOGRAPHY or HISTORY - BIBLIOGRAPHY. <br> | For descriptions of bibliographies for {Province Name} available through FamilySearch Centers or the FamilySearch Library, click on FamilySearch Catalog in the window to the left. Look under BIBLIOGRAPHY or HISTORY - BIBLIOGRAPHY. <br> | ||
[[Category:Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada|History]] | [[Category:Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada|History]] | ||
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