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{{Poland | {{CountrySidebar | ||
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|Background=Naming Customs | |||
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*For '''Prussian Poland''', see also [[Germany | *For '''Prussian Poland''', see also [[Germany Naming Customs|'''Germany Naming Customs.''']] | ||
*For '''Russian Poland''', see also [[Russia | *For '''Russian Poland''', see also [[Russia Naming Customs|'''Russia Naming Customs.''']] | ||
|{{Poland partition|200px}} | |{{Poland partition|200px}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Online Tools== | ==Online Tools== | ||
*[https://www.mapanazwisk.eu/en/ '''Poland Surname Distribution Map'''] | |||
*[[Given Name Equivalents in the Austro-Hungarian Empire|'''Given Name Equivalents''']] This table, based on the resource [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 Słownik imion], alphabetizes names in Latin, with equivalents in other languages, including Polish. | |||
*[http://herby.com.pl/ ''' | *[http://herby.com.pl/ '''Słownik Nazwisk (Surname Distribution Statistics)'''] To learn how to use this website, see the [https://jri-poland.org/slownik.htm '''English Instructions''']. | ||
*[https://nazwiska-polskie.pl/ '''Surnames Polskie'''] | |||
*[http://data.jewishgen.org/maps/jrimap.asp '''Jewish Records Indexing - Poland Surname Distribution Mapper'''] | |||
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names '''Polish Given Names with Dimunitives and English Equivalents'''] | *[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names '''Polish Given Names with Dimunitives and English Equivalents'''] | ||
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_male_given_names '''Male Polish Names Wiktionary 1'''] | *[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_male_given_names '''Male Polish Names Wiktionary 1'''] | ||
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*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/polish '''Behind the Name: Polish Given Names'''] | *[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/polish '''Behind the Name: Polish Given Names'''] | ||
*[http://www.polishroots.org/Research/Surnames/360 '''Polish Roots Surname List'''] | *[http://www.polishroots.org/Research/Surnames/360 '''Polish Roots Surname List'''] | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/ | *[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin | ||
== Surnames == | == Surnames == | ||
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*Janowowa, Wanda, et al. ''[https://www.familysearch.org/ | *Janowowa, Wanda, et al. ''[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 '''Słownik imion'''] (Dictionary of names); index found [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQKT-S here].'' Wrocław, Germany: Zakład Narodowy im Ossolińskich, 1975. (FS Library book Ref 940 D4si; film 1181578 item 2; fiche 6,000,839.) Names are listed alphabetically by the Polish name, as the author is Polish. An index at the back gives the Polish form of each name. Use that name to find the 23 translations in the main list. | ||
=== Grammatical Effects on Polish Names === | === Grammatical Effects on Polish Names === | ||
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*unmarried woman = Gralówna | *unmarried woman = Gralówna | ||
*a married woman = Gralowa | *a married woman = Gralowa | ||
See the [[https://nazwiska.ijp.pan.pl/ Surnames in Poland] website for information on feminine surname endings. | |||
In the case of the family name of Kowalski, the male name would be written as Kowalski and the female as Kowalska. Although these endings can be confusing, it is important to note that '''these changes do not indicate different families'''. | In the case of the family name of Kowalski, the male name would be written as Kowalski and the female as Kowalska. Although these endings can be confusing, it is important to note that '''these changes do not indicate different families'''. | ||
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The following is an example of how case endings change surnames in a typical birth entry: | The following is an example of how case endings change surnames in a typical birth entry: | ||
*Jósef, syn Antona Grabowskiego i Anny z Nowaków Grabowskich w Warszawie | *Jósef, syn Antona Grabowskiego i Anny z Nowaków Grabowskich w Warszawie | ||
*Jósef, son of Anton Grabowski and Anna (maiden name Nowak) Grabowska in Warszawa | *Jósef, son of Anton Grabowski and Anna (maiden name Nowak) Grabowska in Warszawa (Warsaw). | ||
== Given Names == | == Given Names == | ||
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No particular naming pattern for given names was used in Poland as was common in other European countries. In Poland each day of the year is assigned a saint’s name and it is often noted in the church records that on that given day every girl and boy was named for that particular saint, making it appear that each parent had chosen the same name as everyone else for their child. | No particular naming pattern for given names was used in Poland as was common in other European countries. In Poland each day of the year is assigned a saint’s name and it is often noted in the church records that on that given day every girl and boy was named for that particular saint, making it appear that each parent had chosen the same name as everyone else for their child. | ||
=== Słownik imion (Dictionary of names) === | |||
In many Polish records, given names are translated into Latin. One of the best resources to identify the Polish (or other language) version of a Latin name is the [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 '''Słownik imion'''], or dictionary of names. This information has been indexed into a searchable [[Given Name Equivalents in the Austro-Hungarian Empire|'''online table''']]. A digital copy of the book is available [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 online]. An [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQKT-S index] to all variant names is located at the [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQKT-S back of the book]. | |||
==For Further Reading== | ==For Further Reading== | ||
*[https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf '''A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES, UK Names Guide'''] | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_name '''Polish name,'''] in wikipedia. | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_name '''Polish name,'''] in wikipedia. | ||
*Bubak, Józef,''Ksi''ę''ga naszych imion (Book of Given Names)''. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im, Ossoliński, 1993. ( | *Bubak, Józef, '''''Ksi''ę''ga naszych imion (Book of Given Names)'''''. Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im, Ossoliński, 1993. (FS Library book 943.8 D4b.) {{WorldCat|866649334|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Hoffman, William F. ''Polish Surnames: Origins | *Hoffman, William F. '''''Polish Surnames: Origins and Meanings'''''. Chicago, Illinois: Polish Genealogical Society of America, 1997. (FS Library book 943.8 D46h.) {{WorldCat|989926892|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*Additional sources are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | *Additional sources are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | ||
**{{ | **{{FSC|Poland - Names, Personal|subject|subject-id=1438391539|disp= Poland - Names, Personal}} | ||
**{{ | **{{FSC|Poland - Names, Personal - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=585150540|disp= Poland - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | ||
**{{ | **{{FSC|Poland - Names, Personal - Directories|subject|subject-id=152218571|disp= Poland - Names, Personal - Directories}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[pt:Nomes e Sobrenomes Polonêses]][[fr:Pologne Noms personnels]] | [[pt:Nomes e Sobrenomes Polonêses]][[fr:Pologne Noms personnels]] | ||
[[Category:Poland]] [[Category: | [[Category:Poland]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
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