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{{Italy | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Italy | |||
|Name=Italy | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Naming Customs | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
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| link1=[[Europe|Europe]] | | link1=[[Europe|Europe]] | ||
| link2=[[Italy_Genealogy|Italy]] | | link2=[[Italy_Genealogy|Italy]] | ||
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| link5=[[ | | link5=[[Italy Naming Customs|Naming Customs]] | ||
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'''Understanding customs used in | '''Understanding customs used in Italian names can help you identify your ancestors in records. Learn to recognize name variations and see clues in names.''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Online Tools== | ==Online Tools== | ||
*[http://italia.indettaglio.it/eng/cognomi/cognomi.html Italian Surnames] | *[http://italia.indettaglio.it/eng/cognomi/cognomi.html '''Italian Surnames'''] | ||
*[http://www.ganino.com/cognomi_italiani Cognomi Italiani] includes a database of Italian Surnames that gives a brief description of the history and origin of the name. | *[https://www.mappadeicognomi.it/en/ '''Italy Surname Distribution Map'''] | ||
*[http://www.ganino.com/cognomi_italiani '''Cognomi Italiani'''] includes a database of Italian Surnames that gives a brief description of the history and origin of the name | |||
*[http://gens.labo.net/en/cognomi/genera.html GENS, Distribution of Surnames in Italy and America] | |||
*[https://www.cognomix.it/mappe-dei-cognomi-italiani Cognomix, Maps of Italian Surnames] | |||
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*'''BYU Italian Script Tutorial:''' | *'''BYU Italian Script Tutorial:''' | ||
**[https://script.byu.edu/ | **[https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/tools/names/general Given Names--Abbreviations] | ||
**[https://script.byu.edu/ | **[https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/tools/names/general Female Given Names] | ||
**[https://script.byu.edu/ | **[https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/tools/names/general Male Given Names] | ||
**[https://script.byu.edu/ | **[https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/tools/names/general List of Surnames] | ||
*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/italian '''Behind the Name: Italian Surnames'''] | |||
*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/italian '''Behind the Name: Italian Given Names'''] | |||
*Sardinian names are used on the Italian island of Sardinia by speakers of Sardinian. | |||
:*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/sardinian '''Behind the Name: Sardinian Surnames'''] | |||
:*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/sardinian '''Behind the Name: Sardinian Given Names'''] | |||
*Occitan names are used in parts of Italy by speakers of Occitan. | |||
:*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/occitan '''Behind the Name: Occitan Surnames'''] | |||
:*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/occitan '''Behind the Name: Occitan Given Names'''] | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin | |||
== Surnames == | == Surnames == | ||
===Patronymics=== | ===Patronymics=== | ||
One of the oldest and most widespread expressions of paternity used in Italy is characterized by the preposition di (of), entered between two given names; for example, Pietro di Giovanni (Peter the son of John). With each new generation, the combination of names increased; hence Pietro's son Leonardo would be known as Leonardo di Pietro di Giovanni. | One of the oldest and most widespread expressions of paternity used in Italy is characterized by the preposition di (of), entered between two given names; for example, Pietro di Giovanni (Peter the son of John). With each new generation, the combination of names increased; hence Pietro's son Leonardo would be known as Leonardo di Pietro di Giovanni. | ||
A large segment of Italian names today contain the preposition di between the given name and surname: di Paolo, d'Alberto. Sometimes the records also contain individuals' names, the names of the father, and even the grandfather inserted between the given name and surname: Francesco di Giovanni d'Angelo is actually Francesco d'Angelo (the son of Giovanni). <ref>"Italian Surnames", in BYU Script Tutorial, https://script.byu.edu/ | A large segment of Italian names today contain the preposition di between the given name and surname: di Paolo, d'Alberto. Sometimes the records also contain individuals' names, the names of the father, and even the grandfather inserted between the given name and surname: Francesco di Giovanni d'Angelo is actually Francesco d'Angelo (the son of Giovanni). <ref>"Italian Surnames", in BYU Script Tutorial, https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/introduction, accessed 19 February 2021.</ref> | ||
===Matronymics=== | ===Matronymics=== | ||
You will encounter a relatively small proportion of matronymic surnames (names which are derived from the name of the mother or a matriarchal ancestor). Children occasionally took the surname of a mother who was not married to the father, a mother with whom they identified more comfortably because of long absences of the father in military service or employment, or a mother who was widowed. <ref>"Italian Surnames", in BYU Script Tutorial, https://script.byu.edu/ | You will encounter a relatively small proportion of matronymic surnames (names which are derived from the name of the mother or a matriarchal ancestor). Children occasionally took the surname of a mother who was not married to the father, a mother with whom they identified more comfortably because of long absences of the father in military service or employment, or a mother who was widowed. <ref>"Italian Surnames", in BYU Script Tutorial, https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/introduction, accessed 19 February 2021.</ref> | ||
=== Women’s Surnames === | === Women’s Surnames === | ||
Women are referred to by their maiden name in most documents, even after marriage. | Women are referred to by their maiden name in most documents, even after marriage. | ||
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*'''Merchants and townspeople''' then adopted the custom, as did the '''rural population'''. This process took two or three centuries. | *'''Merchants and townspeople''' then adopted the custom, as did the '''rural population'''. This process took two or three centuries. | ||
===Surname | ===Surname Changes of Immigrants in the United States=== | ||
'''As Immigrants moved into English-speaking countries, their surnames were impacted in a variety of ways.''' | '''As Immigrants moved into English-speaking countries, their surnames were impacted in a variety of ways.''' | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
*Most of the time the surname spelling changed to | *Most of the time the surname spelling changed to accommodate the '''different phonetic spelling in the English language'''. In other words, the recorder tried to write the name the way he heard it. | ||
*Surnames may also have been translated outright into English, sometimes with a slight twist. | *Surnames may also have been translated outright into English, sometimes with a slight twist. | ||
*Within the community, such as the local parish, immigrants may continue to use the original name, while at the same time '''using English-language equivalents when dealing with local government, census takers, and other English speakers.''' | *Within the community, such as the local parish, immigrants may continue to use the original name, while at the same time '''using English-language equivalents when dealing with local government, census takers, and other English speakers.''' | ||
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=== Grammatical Effects on Italian Names === | === Grammatical Effects on Italian Names === | ||
With a few exceptions, names in Italy follow the same pattern as the rest of the language: '''masculine names end in o, and feminine names in a.''' | With a few exceptions, names in Italy follow the same pattern as the rest of the language: '''masculine names end in o, and feminine names in a.''' Names ending in '''"t", "i", or "io" are masculine.''' | ||
===Variations=== | ===Variations=== | ||
Italian genealogical records may be in Italian or Latin and occasionally in German or French. Your ancestor’s name could be in Latin on the birth record, in Italian on the marriage record, and in Latin again on the death record. Names are often spelled quite differently when translated into different languages. | Italian genealogical records may be in Italian or Latin and occasionally in German or French. Your ancestor’s name could be in Latin on the birth record, in Italian on the marriage record, and in Latin again on the death record. Names are often spelled quite differently when translated into different languages. | ||
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The following book translates given names into 23 different European languages (including English): | The following book translates given names into 23 different European languages (including English): | ||
*Janowowa, Wanda, et al. ''Sownik Imion (Dictionary of Names).'' Wroclaw: Ossoliski, 1975. ( | *Janowowa, Wanda, et al. ''Sownik Imion (Dictionary of Names).'' Wroclaw: Ossoliski, 1975. (FS Library book EUROPE REF 940 D4si; film 1181578 item 2; fiche 6000839.) | ||
==For Further Reading== | ==For Further Reading== | ||
*[https://script.byu.edu/italian-handwriting/introduction '''Italian Surnames'''] BYU Script Tutorial. | |||
*[http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/venice14sur.html '''Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names''' - by Josh Mittleman and Brian M. Scott (October 1999)] | |||
*Fucilla, Joseph G. '''''Our Italian Surnames'''''. Evanston, Illinois: Chandler’s, Inc., 1949. (FS Library book EUROPE 945 D4f.) {{WorldCat|154274706|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/blog/en/my-italian-last-name/ '''What Can I Learn about My Italian Last Name?'''] | |||
*[http://geocities.ws/paulanigro/italian-genealogy-online/italynames.html#distribution-stats '''Italian Names Links'''] | |||
===FamilySearch Library=== | |||
*More such books are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | |||
**{{FSC|Italy - Names, Personal|subject|subject-id=708385620|disp= Italy - Names, Personal}} | |||
**{{FSC|Italy - Names, Personal - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=1840709339|disp= Italy - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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[[Category:Italy Language and Handwriting]] | [[Category:Italy Language and Handwriting]] | ||
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]] | [[Category:Language and Handwriting]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naming Customs]] [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
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