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|Background=Naming Customs | |Background=Naming Customs | ||
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'''Understanding customs used in surnames and given names can help you identify your ancestors in records. Learn to recognize name variations and see clues in names.''' | '''Understanding customs used in surnames and given names can help you identify your ancestors in records. Learn to recognize name variations and see clues in names.''' | ||
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<br> | <br> | ||
Example:<br> | Example:<br> | ||
::If a girl named Vasiliki dies and later the parents have a new baby girl, they most likely will name the new baby Vasiliki also. But if the new baby is a | |||
boy they may name him Vasilis which is the male form of that name. | boy they may name him Vasilis which is the male form of that name. | ||
::If a male infant appears to have little chance of surviving, he is named Θεόδωρoς [Theodoros] meaning God’s gift, or Θεoχάρης [Theoharis], meaning God's grace or God's will, or Θεoδόσιoς [God given], is given to him. If it is a girl, she may be called Θεoδώρα (female form of Θεόδωρoς). | |||
===Name changes in adulthood=== | ===Name changes in adulthood=== | ||
*'''Priests''' some times, upon ordination when joining the clergy, would receive a new name. Therefore, if his given name were Σωκράτης [Sokratis], after being ordained he might take the name Παύλoς [Paulos] or some other saint's name. The ordained person is usually called by his given (or new) name with the prefix Papa- [Papa-] indicating his title. | *'''Priests''' some times, upon ordination when joining the clergy, would receive a new name. Therefore, if his given name were Σωκράτης [Sokratis], after being ordained he might take the name Παύλoς [Paulos] or some other saint's name. The ordained person is usually called by his given (or new) name with the prefix Papa- [Papa-] indicating his title. | ||
::Example: | |||
:::If his name were Σωκράτης Καvάκης [Sokratis Kanakis ] and his new name were Παύλoς [Paulos] he would be called Παπα-Παύλoς [Papa-Paulos] or Παπα-Κανάκης [Papa-Kanakis]; but never Σωκράτης [Sokratis] nor Παπα-Σωκράτης [Papa-Sokratis]. | |||
*A '''priest’s wife''' often is not called by her given name but by the name Πρεσβυτέρα [Presvytera] which is actually a title meaning "the wife of an elder" for it derives from Πρεσβύτερoς [Presvyteros] which means elder) | *A '''priest’s wife''' often is not called by her given name but by the name Πρεσβυτέρα [Presvytera] which is actually a title meaning "the wife of an elder" for it derives from Πρεσβύτερoς [Presvyteros] which means elder) | ||
*'''Wives''' sometimes are referred to by the name of their husbands on which the ending -αινα [-aina] or -ινα [-ina] is added. Some times the given name of the husband is used and other times his surname. A wife could also be listed by the surname of the husband as if it were a given name. For example, a husband’s surname might be Karalis, and his wife’s given name might be listed as Karalina. | *'''Wives''' sometimes are referred to by the name of their husbands on which the ending -αινα [-aina] or -ινα [-ina] is added. Some times the given name of the husband is used and other times his surname. A wife could also be listed by the surname of the husband as if it were a given name. For example, a husband’s surname might be Karalis, and his wife’s given name might be listed as Karalina. | ||
::Example: | |||
:::If the husband's name is Παύλoς [Paulos], the wife is called Παύλαινα [Paulaina]. Or if his surname is Πλατής [Platis] she may be called Πλατίνα [Platina]. | |||
===Variations of given names=== | ===Variations of given names=== | ||
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*[[Media:Lica Catsakis 9 Learn About Names.pdf|'''Chapter 9 LEARN ABOUT NAMES''', Appendix B, p.149]] includes a list of common Greek given names showing their variations and the usual English equivalents. | *[[Media:Lica Catsakis 9 Learn About Names.pdf|'''Chapter 9 LEARN ABOUT NAMES''', Appendix B, p.149]] includes a list of common Greek given names showing their variations and the usual English equivalents. | ||
Male given names end in -as, -os, and -is. Female given names end in -a, or -i. Most female names ending in -o are from the mainland. There is no given Greek name that does not indicate the gender of the person who bears it. However there are names that appear in male and female forms. | Male given names end in -as, -os, and -is. Female given names end in -a, or -i. Most female names ending in -o are from the mainland. There is no given Greek name that does not indicate the gender of the person who bears it. However there are names that appear in male and female forms. | ||
:Example: | |||
{ | ::{| | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Male | !Male | ||
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===Middle Names=== | ===Middle Names=== | ||
Greeks do not have middle names. What appears between the given name and the surname is not a middle name; it is the given name of the person’s father. Grammatically this is the possessive form of the father's name, similar to the -'s used in English. | Greeks do not have middle names. What appears between the given name and the surname is not a middle name; it is the given name of the person’s father. Grammatically this is the possessive form of the father's name, similar to the -'s used in English. | ||
:Example: | |||
::Georgios, the son of Nikolaos Kanakis is: Georgios Nikolaou Kanakis. | |||
::Ioanna, the daughter of Nikolaos Kanakis is: Ioanna Nikolaou Kanaki.<br> | |||
For a married woman the name between her given name and her new surname is the given name of her husband. Today some women in Greece maintain their maiden name after marriage. Upon divorce she receives back her father’s given name and last name. This is mandatory without any exceptions. | For a married woman the name between her given name and her new surname is the given name of her husband. Today some women in Greece maintain their maiden name after marriage. Upon divorce she receives back her father’s given name and last name. This is mandatory without any exceptions. | ||
The order in which the names are written is not always the same. The surname may be written first or last, and the father’s (or the husband’s) given name may be in the middle or at the end. A child may be given two “given names.” In some records the one given name will be written first, and in another record the other given name will be written first. | The order in which the names are written is not always the same. The surname may be written first or last, and the father’s (or the husband’s) given name may be in the middle or at the end. A child may be given two “given names.” In some records the one given name will be written first, and in another record the other given name will be written first. | ||
:Example: | |||
::The baptism record may state: | |||
{ | :::{| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Νικόλαoς | |Νικόλαoς | ||
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(surname) | (surname) | ||
|} | |} | ||
::The recruting record may state: | |||
{ | :::{| | ||
|- | |- | ||
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