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| link1=[[ | |Name=Czechia | ||
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|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Naming Customs | |||
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| link1=[[Czechia Genealogy|Czechia]] | |||
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| link5=[[ | | link5=[[Czechia Naming Customs|Naming Customs]] | ||
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==Online Tools== | ==Online Tools== | ||
*[https://www.kdejsme.cz/ '''Kde Jsme'''] Surname Distribution Map | *[https://www.kdejsme.cz/ '''Kde Jsme'''] Surname Distribution Map | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/ | *[[Given Name Equivalents in the Austro-Hungarian Empire|'''Given Name Equivalents''']] This table, based on the resource [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 Słownik imion], alphabetizes names in Latin, with equivalents in other languages, including Czech. | ||
*[http://www.20000-names.com/male_czechoslovakian_names.htm '''Male Czech Names, Slovak Names, Bohemian Names, Czechoslovakian Names'''] | *[http://www.20000-names.com/male_czechoslovakian_names.htm '''Male Czech Names, Slovak Names, Bohemian Names, Czechoslovakian Names'''] | ||
*[http://www.20000-names.com/female_czechoslovakian_names.htm '''Female Czech Names, Slovak Names, Bohemian Names, Czechoslovakian Names'''] | *[http://www.20000-names.com/female_czechoslovakian_names.htm '''Female Czech Names, Slovak Names, Bohemian Names, Czechoslovakian Names'''] | ||
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*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/czech '''Behind the Name: Czech Surnames'''] | *[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/czech '''Behind the Name: Czech Surnames'''] | ||
*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/slovak '''Behind the Name: Slovak Surnames'''] | *[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/slovak '''Behind the Name: Slovak Surnames'''] | ||
*[https://www.prijmeni.cz/ '''Modern Czech surname distribution'''] | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin | |||
==Surnames== | ==Surnames== | ||
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<br> | <br> | ||
While Czechs share relatively few given names — roughly 260 names have a frequency above 500 in | While Czechs share relatively few given names — roughly 260 names have a frequency above 500 in Czechia — there are tens of thousands of Czech surnames (singular and plural: ''příjmení''). These are similar in origin to English ones and may reflect: | ||
* a personal characteristic of someone's ancestor (such as ''Malý'' – "small", ''Veselý'' – "cheerful", ''Železný'' – "iron") | * a personal characteristic of someone's ancestor (such as ''Malý'' – "small", ''Veselý'' – "cheerful", ''Železný'' – "iron") | ||
* occupation (''Kovář'' – "blacksmith", ''Kolář'' – "wheeler", ''Sedlák'' – "landowning farmer", ''Kočí'' – "coachman") | * occupation (''Kovář'' – "blacksmith", ''Kolář'' – "wheeler", ''Sedlák'' – "landowning farmer", ''Kočí'' – "coachman") | ||
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====Alias Surnames==== | ====Alias Surnames==== | ||
Some families, especially in Southern Bohemia, used alias surnames. You may find these families listed under both surnames in the parish registers or one or the other. Sometimes some children are listed under one surname, and others under the original. Aliases were used to differentiate between branches of a family that are all living in the same village, or to differentiate between unrelated families with common surnames, such as Novák (which simply means new person in the village). Sometimes a man would take the surname of his wife as an alias surname, or the name of the builder of their house. For a more in-depth discussion of alias surnames, see [http://czechgenealogy.nase-koreny.cz/2012/11/surnames-after-roof.html this article]. | Some families, especially in Southern Bohemia and Moravian Wallachia, used alias surnames. You may find these families listed under both surnames in the parish registers or one or the other. Sometimes some children are listed under one surname, and others under the original. Aliases were used to differentiate between branches of a family that are all living in the same village, or to differentiate between unrelated families with common surnames, such as Novák (which simply means new person in the village). Sometimes a man would take the surname of his wife as an alias surname, or the name of the builder of their house. For a more in-depth discussion of alias surnames, see [http://czechgenealogy.nase-koreny.cz/2012/11/surnames-after-roof.html this article]. | ||
If you see one of these terms in between two surnames, it is indicating the use of an alias surname: | |||
'''aliter''' ''(Latin) ='' or/else | |||
'''jinak''' ''(Czech) ='' otherwise | |||
'''neb''' ''(Czech) ='' or | |||
'''recte''' ''(Latin)='' correctly | |||
'''správně''' ''(Czech) ='' correctly | |||
'''subdita''' ''(Latin) ='' substitute | |||
'''vel''' ''(Latin) ='' also | |||
'''vulgo''' ''(Latin) ='' called | |||
==Given Names== | ==Given Names== | ||
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In the Czech lands, the major source of given names was the names of Roman Catholic saints. Many of these were borrowed from foreign sources including names of Greek, Latin, Hebrew and German origin. | In the Czech lands, the major source of given names was the names of Roman Catholic saints. Many of these were borrowed from foreign sources including names of Greek, Latin, Hebrew and German origin. | ||
=== Słownik imion (Dictionary of names) === | |||
In many Czech records, given names are translated into Latin or German. One of the best resources to identify the Czech (or other language) version of a Latin name is the [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 '''Słownik imion'''], or dictionary of names. This information has been indexed into a searchable [[Given Name Equivalents in the Austro-Hungarian Empire|'''online table''']]. A digital copy of the book is available [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQ27-6 online]. An [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQKT-S index] to all variant names is located at the [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS8L-TQKT-S back of the book]. | |||
===Prefix Roots=== | ===Prefix Roots=== | ||
For names that are of purely Slavic origin, the most popular were compound names which consist of two Slavic roots joined together. The following list gives the meanings of most of the various Slavic prefixes and suffixes. | |||
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
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The following '''online''' source contains given names translated into 23 different European languages, including English: | The following '''online''' source contains given names translated into 23 different European languages, including English: | ||
*Janowowa, Wanda, et al. '' | *Janowowa, Wanda, et al. ''{{FSC|103656|item|disp='''Słownik imion'''}} (Dictionary of names).'' Wrocław, Germany: Zakład Narodowy im Ossolińskich, 1975. (FS Library book Ref 940 D4si; film 1181578 item 2; fiche 6,000,839.) Names are listed alphabetically by the Polish name, as the author is Polish. An index at the back gives the Polish form of each name. Use that name to find the 23 translations in the main list. | ||
==Americanization of Names== | ==Americanization of Names== | ||
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_name '''"Czech name"'''], in Wikipedia | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_name '''"Czech name"'''], in Wikipedia | ||
*Other sources are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | *Other sources are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | ||
**{{ | **{{FSC|Czech Republic - Names, Personal|subject|subject-id=251955732|disp= Czech Republic - Names, Personal}} | ||
**{{ | **{{FSC|Czech Republic - Names, Personal - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=1709384589|disp= Czech Republic - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Czechia|Names]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
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