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| {{Adoption ARGenWeb}} <br> <br>
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| ==How to Find the Records== | | ==How to Find the Records== |
| Arkansas, being entirely inland, has no seaports. Immigrants would have initially arrived at a port on the coast. To search those records, see [[United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records|'''United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records.''']] | | Arkansas, being entirely inland, has no seaports. Immigrants would have initially arrived at a port on the coast. To search those records, see [[United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records|'''United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records.''']] Some immigrants landed at [[Louisiana Emigration and Immigration|'''New Orleans''']] and traveled up the Mississippi River to Arkansas. |
| ===Online Resources=== | | ===Online Resources=== |
| *'''1500s-1900s''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/?arrival=_arkansas-usa_6&count=50 All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s - Arkansas, USA] at [http://search.ancestry.com/ Ancestry]; index only ($); ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10017/passenger-immigration-lists-1500-1900?s=1&formId=pili&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar MyHeritage]''; index only ($) | | *'''1500s-1900s''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/?arrival=_arkansas-usa_6&count=50 All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s] at Ancestry - index only ($); ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10017/passenger-immigration-lists-1500-1900?s=1&formId=pili&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar MyHeritage]''; index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
| *'''1895-1956''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10942/united-states-border-crossings-from-canada-1895-1956?s=1&formId=collection_10942:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar&qevents=List United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956 to Arkansas] at [https://www.myheritage.com/research MyHeritge]; index & images ($) | | *'''1895-1956''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10942/united-states-border-crossings-from-canada-1895-1956?s=1&formId=collection_10942:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar&qevents=List United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956] at MyHeritage - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
| ====Cultural Groups==== | | ====Cultural Groups==== |
| *'''1920-1939''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10924/germany-bremen-emigration-lists-1920-1939?s=1&formId=collection_10924:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.arkansas+epmo.similar&qevents=List Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939 to Arkansas] at [https://www.myheritage.com/research?s=270606331 MyHeritge]; index only ($) | | *'''1920-1939''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10924/germany-bremen-emigration-lists-1920-1939?s=1&formId=collection_10924:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.arkansas+epmo.similar&qevents=List Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
| * [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10019/germans-immigrating-to-the-united-states?action=query&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar&initialFormIds=immigration,pili Germans Immigrating to the United States] at [https://www.myheritage.com/ MyHeritage]; index only ($) | | * [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10019/germans-immigrating-to-the-united-states?action=query&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar&initialFormIds=immigration,pili Germans Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
| *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10030/italians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar Italians Immigrating to the United States - Arkansas] at [https://www.myheritage.com/Research MyHeritage]; index only ($) | | *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10030/italians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar Italians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
| *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10029/russians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar Russians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas | | *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10029/russians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.Arkansas+epmo.similar Russians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of Arkansas |
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| ==== Passport Records Online ==== | | ==== Passport Records Online ==== |
| *'''1795-1925''' - {{RecordSearch|2185145|United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925}} at [https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch] — index and images | | *'''1795-1925''' {{RecordSearch|2185145|United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925}} at FamilySearch; index & images — [[United States Passport Applications - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]] |
| *'''1795-1925''' - [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1174 U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925] Index and images, at Ancestry ($) | | *'''1795-1925''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1174 U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925] at Ancestry ($); index & images |
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| ===Offices to Contact=== | | ===Offices to Contact=== |
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| ==Background== | | ==Background== |
| Very few Europeans came to the Arkansas area during the years of French and Spanish rule, 1686 to 1803. The 1810 census of the Louisiana Territory listed only 1,062 non-Indian residents in the entire District of Arkansas. | | *Very few Europeans came to the Arkansas area during the years of French and Spanish rule, 1686 to 1803. The 1810 census of the Louisiana Territory listed only 1,062 non-Indian residents in the entire District of Arkansas. |
| | | *Immigration began in earnest with the cotton boom of 1818. Many families of '''Scottish, Scotch-Irish, and English''' descent moved overland from Virginia and the Carolinas through Tennessee and Mississippi or Missouri. |
| Immigration began in earnest with the cotton boom of 1818. Many families of Scottish, Scotch-Irish, and English descent moved overland from Virginia and the Carolinas through Tennessee and Mississippi or Missouri. They often brought slaves with them. In 1860, Black slaves comprised over one fourth of the population. Most Arkansans today are descended from Anglo-Saxon and Black families who came from older southern states before 1900. | | *They often brought slaves with them. In 1860, African American slaves comprised over one fourth of the population. |
| | | *About 1867, the rich land between the Arkansas and White rivers beckoned to large groups of '''Southern European emigrants'''. Many families from '''Poland''' settled in Pulaski County. A number of '''Italians''' located in the northwestern part of the state. |
| About 1867, the rich land between the Arkansas and White rivers beckoned to large groups of Southern European emigrants. Many families from Poland settled in Pulaski County. A number of Italians located in the northwestern part of the state. | | *In 1850 Father Thomas Hore led a group of over '''1000 Irish Catholics from counties Wicklow and Wexford to Little Rock, Arkansas'''. The group split into six parts, and ended up settling in New Orleans; Little Rock and Fort Smith, Arkansas; Refugio, Texas; St. Louis, Missouri; and Wexford, Iowa. |
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| The last [http://www.genealogybranches.com/nativeamericans.html Indian tribes] had been removed from Arkansas to present-day Oklahoma by 1835. (Also see: [[Indians of Arkansas]].) Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs have been transcribed in:<br>
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| :*Baker, Jack D. ''Cherokee Emigration Rolls, 1817-1835.'' Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Baker Pub., 1977. {{FHL|58571|item|disp=FHL book 970.3 C424be}}. {{WorldCat|3892556|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat).}}
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| Some immigrants landed at [http://www.germanroots.com/neworleans.html New Orleans] and traveled up the Mississippi River to Arkansas. The Family History Library has passenger lists for New Orleans from 1820 to 1921 and indexes from 1820 to 1952. A digital version of {{RecordSearch|1921756|United States, Index to Passenger Arrivals, Atlantic and Gulf Ports, 1820-1874}} is available on FamilySearch.
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| In 1850 Father Thomas Hore led a group of over 1000 Irish Catholics from counties Wicklow and Wexford to Little Rock, Arkansas. The group split into six parts, and ended up settling in New Orleans; Little Rock and Fort Smith, Arkansas; Refugio, Texas; St. Louis, Missouri; and Wexford, Iowa. A list of 847 of the emigrants is available in:<br> | |
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| :*Rees, Jack. ''A Farewell to Famine.'' Arklow, Co. Wicklow, Ireland : Arklow Enterprise Centre, 1994. {{FHL|704463|disp=FHL book 941.8 W2rj}} {{WorldCat|30155812|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat).}}
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| ==Immigration Records== | | ==Immigration Records== |
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| ===What can I find in them?=== | | ===What can I find in them?=== |
| ====[[Arkansas Emigration and Immigration #Online Resources|Information in Passenger Lists]]==== | | ====[[Arkansas Emigration and Immigration #Online Resources|Information in Passenger Lists]]==== |
| *'''Before 1820''' - Passenger lists before 1820 included '''name, departure information and arrival details'''. The names of wives and children were often not included. | | *'''Before 1820''' Passenger lists before 1820 included '''name, departure information and arrival details'''. The names of wives and children were often not included. |
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| *'''1820-1891''' - Customs Passenger Lists between 1820 and 1891 asked for '''each immigrant’s name, their age, their sex, their occupation, and their country of origin''', but not the city or town of origin. | | *'''1820-1891''' Customs Passenger Lists between 1820 and 1891 asked for '''each immigrant’s name, their age, their sex, their occupation, and their country of origin''', but not the city or town of origin. |
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| *'''1891-1954''' - Information given on passenger lists from 1891 to 1954 included: | | *'''1891-1954''' Information given on passenger lists from 1891 to 1954 included: |
| **name, age, sex, | | **name, age, sex, |
| **nationality, occupation, marital status, | | **nationality, occupation, marital status, |
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| **and immigrant's state of health. | | **and immigrant's state of health. |
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| *'''1906--''' - In 1906, the '''physical description and place of birth''' were included, and a year later, the '''name and address of the passenger’s closest living relative in the country of origin''' was included. | | *'''1906--''' In 1906, the '''physical description and place of birth''' were included, and a year later, the '''name and address of the passenger’s closest living relative in the country of origin''' was included. |
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| ====[[Arkansas Emigration and Immigration#Passport Records Online|Information in Passports]] ==== | | ====[[Arkansas Emigration and Immigration#Passport Records Online|Information in Passports]] ==== |
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| *Birthplace | | *Birthplace |
| *Birth date | | *Birth date |
| *Naturalization information | | *Naturalization information |
| *Arrival information, if foreign born | | *Arrival information, if foreign born |
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| ==In-country Migration== | | ==In-country Migration== |
| | === Arkansas Migration Routes === |
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| | {| style="width:70%; vertical-align:top;" |
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| | <ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:75px;"> |
| | <li>[[Arkansas River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Mississippi River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Ouachita River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Red River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[St. Francis River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[White River]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Butterfield Overland Mail]]</li> |
| | <li>[[California Road]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Great Osage Indian Trail]] also called the Old Wire Road </li> |
| | <li>[[Natchitoches Trace]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Southwest Trail]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Tombigbee and Arkansas River Trail]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Trail of Tears]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Frisco Railway]]</li> |
| | <li>[[Texas and Pacific Railway]]</li> |
| | </ul> |
| | |} |
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| | ==For Further Reading== |
| | The FamilySearch Library has additional sources listed in their catalog: |
| | *{{FSC|United States, Arkansas - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=1119223308|disp=United States, Arkansas - Emigration and immigration}} |
| | *{{FSC|United States, Arkansas - Minorities|subject|subject-id=1821921287|disp=United States, Arkansas - Minorities}} |
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| | ==References== |
| | <references/> |
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| [[Category:Arkansas, United States]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]][[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration|1]] | | [[Category:Arkansas, United States]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]][[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration|1]] |