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== Emigration to Canada == | == Emigration to Canada == | ||
*''A north-side view of slavery : the refugee, or, The narratives of fugitive slaves in Canada related by themselves, with an account of the history and condition of the colored population of Upper Canada,'' by Benjamin Drew. Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1856. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|374424}} | *''A north-side view of slavery : the refugee, or, The narratives of fugitive slaves in Canada related by themselves, with an account of the history and condition of the colored population of Upper Canada,'' by Benjamin Drew. Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1856. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|374424}} | ||
*''Black refugees in Canada : accounts of escape during the era of slavery,'' by George Hendrick. Jefferson, McFarland & Co., 2010. {{FSC|1804488|item|disp=FS Catalog book 971 H6h}} | *''Black refugees in Canada : accounts of escape during the era of slavery,'' by George Hendrick. Jefferson, McFarland & Co., 2010. {{FSC|1804488|item|disp=FS Catalog book 971 H6h}}; {{WorldCat|610030208|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*[https://archive.org/details/refugeesfromslav00howe/page/n5 ''The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West. Report to the Freedmen's Inquiry Commission,''] by S.G. Howe. Boston: Wright & Potter, printers, 1864. | *[https://archive.org/details/refugeesfromslav00howe/page/n5 ''The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West. Report to the Freedmen's Inquiry Commission,''] by S.G. Howe. Boston: Wright & Potter, printers, 1864. | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Freedmen%27s_Inquiry_Commission Freedmen's Inquiry Commission] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Freedmen%27s_Inquiry_Commission Freedmen's Inquiry Commission] | ||
*''The underground railroad : next stop, *Toronto!'' by Adrienne Shadd, Afua Cooper and Karolyn Smardz Frost. Toronto, Ontario : Natural Heritage Books, c2002. {{FSC|1188977|item|disp=FS Catalog book 971.3541 F2sa}} | *''The underground railroad : next stop, *Toronto!'' by Adrienne Shadd, Afua Cooper and Karolyn Smardz Frost. Toronto, Ontario : Natural Heritage Books, c2002. {{FSC|1188977|item|disp=FS Catalog book 971.3541 F2sa}}; {{WorldCat|9789446998|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
=== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_Railroad Underground Railroad] === | === [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_Railroad Underground Railroad] === | ||
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''' Reference Sources ''' | ''' Reference Sources ''' | ||
*''Encyclopedia of the Underground Railroad,'' by J. Blaine Hudson. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland & Co., 2006. {{FSC|1339253|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 H26hj}}. {{WorldCat|883647476|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *''Encyclopedia of the Underground Railroad,'' by J. Blaine Hudson. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland & Co., 2006. {{FSC|1339253|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 H26hj}}. {{WorldCat|883647476|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Reminiscences of Levi Coffin, the Reputed President of the Underground Railroad : being a brief history of the labors of a lifetime in behalf of the slave, with the stories of numerous fugitives, who gained their freedom through his instrumentality, and many other incidents,'' by Levi Coffin. Cincinnati, Ohio : Western Tract Society, 1876. '''''Online at '''''{{FSDL|187355}} | *''Reminiscences of Levi Coffin, the Reputed President of the Underground Railroad : being a brief history of the labors of a lifetime in behalf of the slave, with the stories of numerous fugitives, who gained their freedom through his instrumentality, and many other incidents,'' by Levi Coffin. Cincinnati, Ohio : Western Tract Society, 1876. '''''Online at '''''{{FSDL|187355}}; {{WorldCat|271221186|item|disp=Also at various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''The Liberty Line : The legend of the Underground Railroad,'' by Larry Gara, Lexington, Kentucky : University of Kentucky Press, 1961. {{FSC|131446|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 F2ag}} | *''The Liberty Line : The legend of the Underground Railroad,'' by Larry Gara, Lexington, Kentucky : University of Kentucky Press, 1961. {{FSC|131446|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 F2ag}}; {{WorldCat|828424714|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''The Underground Railroad,'' by William Still. reprint of 1871 ed. New York, New York : Arno Press, 1968. {{FSC|86666|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 F2asL}} {{WorldCat|426607|item|disp=At various locations (WorldCat)}} | *''The Underground Railroad,'' by William Still. reprint of 1871 ed. New York, New York : Arno Press, 1968. {{FSC|86666|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 973 F2asL}}; {{WorldCat|426607|item|disp=At various locations (WorldCat)}} | ||
* ''The Underground Railroad from slavery to freedom,'' by Wilbur H. Siebert. Reprint of 1898 ed. North Stratford, New Hampshire : Ayer Pub. Co., 2000. '''''Online at''''' [https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr00sieb Internet Archive] | * ''The Underground Railroad from slavery to freedom,'' by Wilbur H. Siebert. Reprint of 1898 ed. North Stratford, New Hampshire : Ayer Pub. Co., 2000. '''''Online at''''' [https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr00sieb Internet Archive] | ||
*'' Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition.'' by Peter Hinks and John McKivigan, eds., R. Owen Williams, assistant Ed., , Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2007. {{FSC|1478714|item|disp=FS Catalog Books 326.803 H593e vols. 1-2}} | *'' Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition.'' by Peter Hinks and John McKivigan, eds., R. Owen Williams, assistant Ed., , Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2007. {{FSC|1478714|item|disp=FS Catalog Books 326.803 H593e vols. 1-2}}; {{WorldCat|230763683|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
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''' Illinois''' | ''' Illinois''' | ||
*'' The Underground Railroad in Illinois,'' by Glennette Tilley Turnr. Glen Ellyn, Illinois: Newman Educational Pub., 2001. {{FSC|1887650|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.3 H2tg}} | *'' The Underground Railroad in Illinois,'' by Glennette Tilley Turnr. Glen Ellyn, Illinois: Newman Educational Pub., 2001. {{FSC|1887650|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.3 H2tg}}; {{WorldCat|46688070|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''The Underground Railroad in Western Illinois,'' by Owen W. Muelder. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 2008. {{FSC|1573214|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.3 H2mo}} | *''The Underground Railroad in Western Illinois,'' by Owen W. Muelder. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 2008. {{FSC|1573214|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.3 H2mo}}; {{WorldCat|175289874|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
''' Kentucky''' | ''' Kentucky''' | ||
*''Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland,'' by J. Blaine Hudson. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 2002. {{FSC|1058007|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 976.9 F2h}} | *''Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland,'' by J. Blaine Hudson. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 2002. {{FSC|1058007|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 976.9 F2h}}; {{WorldCat|49903443|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
''' New Jersey''' | ''' New Jersey''' | ||
* ''The Underground Railroad: Ties that Bound Unveiled ; a History of the Underground Railroad in Southern New Jersey from 1770 to 1861.'' by Emma Marie Trusty. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : Amed Literary Inc, 1999. {{FSC|969981|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.9 F2te}} | * ''The Underground Railroad: Ties that Bound Unveiled ; a History of the Underground Railroad in Southern New Jersey from 1770 to 1861.'' by Emma Marie Trusty. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : Amed Literary Inc, 1999. {{FSC|969981|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.9 F2te}}; {{WorldCat|43810655|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
''' New York''' | ''' New York''' | ||
*''The Underground Railroad in the Adirondack region,'' by Tom Calarco. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland & Company Inc., Publishers, [2011?}}, 2004. {{FSC|3754086|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.75 H6c}} | *''The Underground Railroad in the Adirondack region,'' by Tom Calarco. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland & Company Inc., Publishers, [2011?}}, 2004. {{FSC|3754086|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.75 H6c}}; {{WorldCat|53215764|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Underground Railroad Tales with Routes through the Finger Lakes Region,'' by Emerson Klees. Rochester, New York : Friends of the Finger Lakes Pub., 1997. {{FSC|685191|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.78 H2k}} | *''Underground Railroad Tales with Routes through the Finger Lakes Region,'' by Emerson Klees. Rochester, New York : Friends of the Finger Lakes Pub., 1997. {{FSC|685191|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.78 H2k}}; {{WorldCat|37312104|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Underground railroad in Tompkins County, (N.Y.)'' Ithaca, New York : S.H. Gallwey, 1963. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|424892}} | *''Underground railroad in Tompkins County, (N.Y.)'' Ithaca, New York : S.H. Gallwey, 1963. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|424892}} | ||
*''Final stop, freedom! : the Underground Railroad Experience in Wayne County, New York,'' by Marjory Allen Perez. S.l. : Herons Bend Productions, c2017. {{FSC|2829754|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.787 H6p}} | *''Final stop, freedom! : the Underground Railroad Experience in Wayne County, New York,'' by Marjory Allen Perez. S.l. : Herons Bend Productions, c2017. {{FSC|2829754|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.787 H6p}}; {{WorldCat|1013584971|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''In defiance : Runaways from slavery in New York's Hudson River Valley, 1735-1831,'' by Susan Stessin-Cohn and Ashley Hurlburt-Biagini. Delmar, New York : Black Dome Press Corp., 2016 {{FSC|2827790|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.7 H6c}} | *''In defiance : Runaways from slavery in New York's Hudson River Valley, 1735-1831,'' by Susan Stessin-Cohn and Ashley Hurlburt-Biagini. Delmar, New York : Black Dome Press Corp., 2016 {{FSC|2827790|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.7 H6c}}; {{WorldCat|8661889597|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
'''Ohio''' | '''Ohio''' | ||
*''The Underground Railroad of Meigs County, Ohio,'' by Margaret A. Parker written and compiled. Pomeroy, Ohio : Meigs County Historical Society, c2007. {{FSC|1452757|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.199 H2p}} | *''The Underground Railroad of Meigs County, Ohio,'' by Margaret A. Parker written and compiled. Pomeroy, Ohio : Meigs County Historical Society, c2007. {{FSC|1452757|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 977.199 H2p}}; {{WorldCat|428974402|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
'''Pennsylvania''' | '''Pennsylvania''' | ||
*''Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania,'' by William J. Switala. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2001. {{FSC|1031003|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.8 F2sw}} | *''Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania,'' by William J. Switala. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2001. {{FSC|1031003|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.8 F2sw}}; {{WorldCat|226038418|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''History of the Underground Railroad: in Chester and the Neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania.'' by R.C. Smedley. Reprint. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2005. {{FSC|1838652|item|disp= FamilySearch Catalog}} '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|587956}}; {{WorldCat|54843964|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *''History of the Underground Railroad: in Chester and the Neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania.'' by R.C. Smedley. Reprint. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2005. {{FSC|1838652|item|disp= FamilySearch Catalog}}; '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|587956}}; {{WorldCat|54843964|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''The | *''The Trackless Trail : the Story of the Underground Railroad in Kennett Square, Chester County, Pennsylvania, and the Surrounding Community,'' by Frances Cloud Taylor. Kennett Square, Pennsylvania : F.C. Taylor, 1976. {{FSC|762874|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.813/K2 F2ta}}; {{WorldCat|2925749|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
''' Vermont''' | ''' Vermont''' | ||
*''Vermont's Anti-Slavery and Underground Railroad Record, with a Map and Illustrations, '' by Wilbur Henry Siebert. Reprint. (New York, 1969) {{FSC|272018|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.3 H2si}} | *''Vermont's Anti-Slavery and Underground Railroad Record, with a Map and Illustrations, '' by Wilbur Henry Siebert. Reprint. (New York, 1969) {{FSC|272018|item|disp=FS Catalog Book 974.3 H2si}}; {{WorldCat|3956040|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
=== Archives and Libraries === | === Archives and Libraries === | ||
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''' Additional Sources ''' | ''' Additional Sources ''' | ||
*Harriett Tubman was a woman of remarkable skill, determination, and dedication. She was a "conductor" for the Underground Railroad where she assisted enslaved runaways to find freedom not only in the northern U.S. but all the way to Canada. | *Harriett Tubman was a woman of remarkable skill, determination, and dedication. She was a "conductor" for the Underground Railroad where she assisted enslaved runaways to find freedom not only in the northern U.S. but all the way to Canada. | ||
*''Freedom Train : the Story of Harriet Tubman,'' by Dorothy Sterling. Garden City, New York : Doubleday, 1954. {{FSC|82194|item|disp= FS Catalog Book 921.73 T79s}} | *''Freedom Train : the Story of Harriet Tubman,'' by Dorothy Sterling. Garden City, New York : Doubleday, 1954. {{FSC|82194|item|disp= FS Catalog Book 921.73 T79s}}; {{WorldCat|895088673|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
There was a notable community in Nova Scotia. Some of the formerly enslaved persons would intermingle with Canadian Indians, as they often did in the U.S. Don't ignore Canada when looking for your African American ancestors! Check out this site about [http://www.harriettubman.com/index.html Harriet Tubman] | There was a notable community in Nova Scotia. Some of the formerly enslaved persons would intermingle with Canadian Indians, as they often did in the U.S. Don't ignore Canada when looking for your African American ancestors! Check out this site about [http://www.harriettubman.com/index.html Harriet Tubman] | ||
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''' Publications ''' | ''' Publications ''' | ||
*''Runaway slaves : Rebels on the Plantation,'' by John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger. Oxford, England : Oxford Univ. Press, 2000, ©1999. {{FSC|3501913|item|disp=FS Catalog book 975 H6fj}} | *''Runaway slaves : Rebels on the Plantation,'' by John Hope Franklin and Loren Schweninger. Oxford, England : Oxford Univ. Press, 2000, ©1999. {{FSC|3501913|item|disp=FS Catalog book 975 H6fj}}; {{WorldCat|1071304640|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Runaway Slave Advertisements : a Documentary History from the 1730s to 1790,''by Lathan A. Windley, comp.. 4 volumes. Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press, c1983. {{FSC|419052|item|disp=FS Catalog book 975 F2wL}} | *''Runaway Slave Advertisements : a Documentary History from the 1730s to 1790,''by Lathan A. Windley, comp.. 4 volumes. Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press, c1983. {{FSC|419052|item|disp=FS Catalog book 975 F2wL}}; {{WorldCat|9217777|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Running for Freedom : Slave Runaways in North Carolina, 1775-1840.'' by Freddie L. Parker. New York, New York : Garland Pub. Co., 1993. {{FSC|641454|item|disp=FS Library 975.6 H6p}} | *''Running for Freedom : Slave Runaways in North Carolina, 1775-1840.'' by Freddie L. Parker. New York, New York : Garland Pub. Co., 1993. {{FSC|641454|item|disp=FS Library 975.6 H6p}}; {{WorldCat|26931279|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
''' FamilySearch Catalog ''' | ''' FamilySearch Catalog ''' | ||
*''Alabama. Mobile County. Record book of Run-away Slaves; 1857-1865; index, 1857-1865,'' Mobile, Alabama, Probate Court, 1991. {{FSC|967904|item|disp=FS Catalog film 2218263}} | *''Alabama. Mobile County. Record book of Run-away Slaves; 1857-1865; index, 1857-1865,'' Mobile, Alabama, Probate Court, 1991. {{FSC|967904|item|disp=FS Catalog film 2218263}}; {{WorldCat|866478084|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''River | *''River Roads to Freedom : Fugitive Slave Notices and Sheriff Notices Found in Illinois Sources'' compiled by Helen Cox Tregillis. Bowie, Maryland : Heritage Books, Inc., 1988 {{FSC|637178|item|disp=FS Catalog book 977.3 H6t}}; {{WorldCat|18816864|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Runaway Slave Advertisements of the Pennsylvania Gazette & index, 1740-1776.'' by Billy G. Smith. Salt Lake City Utah, Genealogical Society of Utah, 1988. {{FSC|14964|item|disp=FS Catalog film 1421885}} | *''Runaway Slave Advertisements of the Pennsylvania Gazette & index, 1740-1776.'' by Billy G. Smith. Salt Lake City Utah, Genealogical Society of Utah, 1988. {{FSC|14964|item|disp=FS Catalog film 1421885}}; {{WorldCat|865821771|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
=== Emigration to Liberia === | === Emigration to Liberia === | ||
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''' Publications''' | ''' Publications''' | ||
*'' The American Colonization Society, 1817-1840,'' by Early Lee Fox. 1919 reprint. New York, New York : AMS Press, 1971. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|581037}} | *'' The American Colonization Society, 1817-1840,'' by Early Lee Fox. 1919 reprint. New York, New York : AMS Press, 1971. '''''Online at''''' {{FSDL|581037}} | ||
*''Liberia, or, the Early History and Signal Preservation of the American colony of Free Negroes on the Coast of Africa : compiled by American Documents,'' by William Innes. Edinburgh, Scotland : Waugh and Innes, 1831 {{FSC|4208206|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2i}} | *''Liberia, or, the Early History and Signal Preservation of the American colony of Free Negroes on the Coast of Africa : compiled by American Documents,'' by William Innes. Edinburgh, Scotland : Waugh and Innes, 1831 {{FSC|4208206|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2i}}; {{WorldCat|9190096|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
* ''Emigrants to Liberia, 1820 to 1843, an Alphabetical listing,'' by Tom W. Shick. Newark, Delaware : University of Delaware Department of Anthropology & Liberian Studies Association in America, 1971. {{FSC|785285|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 W2e}} | * ''Emigrants to Liberia, 1820 to 1843, an Alphabetical listing,'' by Tom W. Shick. Newark, Delaware : University of Delaware Department of Anthropology & Liberian Studies Association in America, 1971. {{FSC|785285|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 W2e}}; {{WorldCat|866493849|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Behold the | *''Behold the Promised land : a History of Afro-American Settler Society in Nineteenth-century Liberia,'' by Tom W. Shick. Baltimore, Maryland : Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980. {{FSC|330712|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2s}}; {{WorldCat|5564858|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Slavery and the Peculiar Solution : a History of the American Colonization Society,'' by Eric Burin. Gainesville, Florida : University Press of Florida, 2005. {{FSC|1373073|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 C4be}} | *''Slavery and the Peculiar Solution : a History of the American Colonization Society,'' by Eric Burin. Gainesville, Florida : University Press of Florida, 2005. {{FSC|1373073|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 C4be}}; {{WorldCat|58451937|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''''"On Africa's Shore." A History of Maryland in Liberia, 1834-1857,'' by Richard L. Hall. Baltimore, Maryland: Maryland Historical Society, 2003. {{FSC|1210727|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2d}} | *''''"On Africa's Shore." A History of Maryland in Liberia, 1834-1857,'' by Richard L. Hall. Baltimore, Maryland: Maryland Historical Society, 2003. {{FSC|1210727|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2d}}; {{WorldCat|51969201|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Maryland in Africa: the Maryland Colonization Society,1831-1857,'' by Penelope Campbell. Urbana, Illinois : University of Illinois Press, 1971. {{FSC|58743|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.6 H2c}} | *''Maryland in Africa: the Maryland Colonization Society,1831-1857,'' by Penelope Campbell. Urbana, Illinois : University of Illinois Press, 1971. {{FSC|58743|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.6 H2c}}; {{WorldCat|1191110229|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*''Report of the Select Committee, to Whom was Referred the Subject of the Removal of the Free Colored Population from Charles County.'' Maryland. Maryland: General Assembly. House of Delegates, 1844 [https://archive.org/details/removaloffreecol00mary/page/n2 At Internet Archive] | *''Report of the Select Committee, to Whom was Referred the Subject of the Removal of the Free Colored Population from Charles County.'' Maryland. Maryland: General Assembly. House of Delegates, 1844. [https://archive.org/details/removaloffreecol00mary/page/n2 At Internet Archive] | ||
* ''An African republic : Black & White Virginians in the Making of Liberia,'' by Marie Tyler-McGraw. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, c2007. {{FSC|1852470|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2t}} | * ''An African republic : Black & White Virginians in the Making of Liberia,'' by Marie Tyler-McGraw. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, c2007. {{FSC|1852470|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2t}}; {{WorldCat|123390926|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
*'' The Price of Liberty : African Americans and the Making of Liberia,'' by Claude A. Clegg, III. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, 2004 {{FSC|4121997|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2c}} | *'' The Price of Liberty : African Americans and the Making of Liberia,'' by Claude A. Clegg, III. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, 2004 {{FSC|4121997|item|disp=FS Catalog book 966.62 H2c}}; {{WorldCat|59469928|item|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
== Migration within the United States == | == Migration within the United States == | ||