United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indenture and Apprenticeship Records - FamilySearch Historical Records: Difference between revisions

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| FS_URL_09 = [[African American Introduction]]
| FS_URL_09 = [[African American Introduction]]
| FS_URL_10 = [[African American Migration]]
| FS_URL_10 = [[African American Migration]]
| Coverage =
| Inventory =
| DFNL = [[United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indenture and Apprenticeship Records Digital Folder Number List|Digital Folder Number List]]
| RW_URL_01 = [http://mappingthefreedmensbureau.com/maps/ Mapping the Freedmen's Bureau]  
| RW_URL_01 = [http://mappingthefreedmensbureau.com/maps/ Mapping the Freedmen's Bureau]  
| RW_URL_02 = [http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1997/summer/freedmens-bureau-records.html  NARA Freedmen's Bureau Records: An Overview]  
| RW_URL_02 = [http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1997/summer/freedmens-bureau-records.html  NARA Freedmen's Bureau Records: An Overview]  
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This collection is from multiple NARA microfilm publications. The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (often called the Freedmen’s Bureau) was created in 1865 at the end of the American Civil War to supervise relief efforts including education, health care, food and clothing, refugee camps, legalization of marriages, employment, labor contracts, and securing back pay, bounty payments and pensions.
This collection is from multiple NARA microfilm publications. The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (often called the Freedmen’s Bureau) was created in 1865 at the end of the American Civil War to supervise relief efforts including education, health care, food and clothing, refugee camps, legalization of marriages, employment, labor contracts, and securing back pay, bounty payments and pensions.


To locate additional information on the indexed collections in this publication see both  the digital folder number list and coverage table sections and related digital folder number list and coverage table  links located in this article under the heading Collection Content. The links in the state column will direct you to the browse collection landing page.
=== Related National Archives Collections ===
*[https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1224825 Contracts of Employees With the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1866–1870 RG 94 Records of the Adjutant General's Office]


=== General Information About Freedmen's Bureau Records ===
=== General Information About Freedmen's Bureau Records ===
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*[https://transcription.si.edu/browse?filter=owner%3A16 Freedmen's Bureau - Browse Projects]
*[https://transcription.si.edu/browse?filter=owner%3A16 Freedmen's Bureau - Browse Projects]


=== Image Visibility ===
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=== Index and Image Visibility ===
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Image:United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indentures and Apprenticeship Records (14-1776) Labor Contract DGS 4151180_324.jpg|1866 Labor Contract
Image:United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indentures and Apprenticeship Records (14-1776) Labor Contract DGS 4151180_324.jpg|1866 Labor Contract
</gallery>
</gallery>
=== Coverage Table ===
The search results in this collection will identify the National Archives microfilm publication (NARA Publication) that the indexed image is from along with the film number, DGS and image numbers. The [[United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indenture and Apprenticeship Records, 1865-1872 Coverage Table|coverage table]] will help you determine the specific locality and provide the film notes which should identify the record type. Additional images of bureau records for the locality identified in the table will be found by searching in the browse collection.
=== Digital Folder Number List ===
=== Digital Folder Number List ===
{{DFNL_List
{{DFNL_List | page = [[United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indenture and Apprenticeship Records Digital Folder Number List]]
| page = [[United States, Freedmen's Bureau Labor Contracts, Indenture and Apprenticeship Records, 1865-1872 Coverage Table]]
}}
}}
See also [[United States, National Archives, Department of the Treasury. Division of Captured Property, Claims and Lands]]
== How Do I Search This Collection?  ==
== How Do I Search This Collection?  ==
Before searching this collection, it is helpful to know:
Before searching this collection, it is helpful to know:
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*Locate your ancestor in the 1870 Census.  Most local Bureau activities ended (except from claims and education) in December 1868.
*Locate your ancestor in the 1870 Census.  Most local Bureau activities ended (except from claims and education) in December 1868.
*Check the records of the local field office in the area(s) where you believe your ancestor lived between June 1865 and December 1868.  
*Check the records of the local field office in the area(s) where you believe your ancestor lived between June 1865 and December 1868.  
*Determine, if possible, the name of the former owner. The 1860 Slave Schedule may be helpful. Also consider searching the 1860 and 1870 Agricultural Schedules.  
*Determine, if possible, the name of the former owner. The 1860 Slave Schedule may be helpful. Also consider searching the 1860 and 1870 Agriculture Schedules.  
*The Bureau created many different types of records. Review the record types in the Collection Content section in this article.  
*The Bureau created many different types of records. Review the record types in the Collection Content section in this article.  
*While searching Bureau records remember to search other records of the local government, including marriage and court records and especially the 1867 or later voter registrations.
*While searching Bureau records remember to search other records of the local government, including marriage and court records and especially the 1867 or later voter registrations.
*Consider ancestors who may have been employed as a civilian agent or served as local agent while still in the military.  Look for statewide rosters of bureau personnel in the records of Assistant Commissioners and the Field Office Personnel Coverage Table for this state.  Others may have worked with aid associations or taught school supported by aid associations in the north.
*Consider ancestors who may have been employed as a civilian agent or served as local agent while still in the military.  Look for statewide rosters of bureau personnel in the records of Assistant Commissioners and the Field Office Personnel table for the state.  Others may have worked with aid associations or taught school supported by aid associations in the north.
* Freedmen would have determined what their name would be and may have changed it multiple times.  
*Freedmen would have determined what their name would be and may have changed it multiple times.  
=== Search the Index ===
=== Search the Index ===
{{Search Collection Link | CID=CID2475025 }}
{{Search Collection Link | CID=CID2475025 }}
=== View the Images ===
=== View the Images ===
{{DFNL View
{{DFNL View|page = [https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/United_States,_Freedmen%27s_Bureau_Labor_Contracts,_Indenture_and_Apprenticeship_Records_Digital_Folder_Number_List Digital Folder Number List]|CID = 2475025 }}
|page = [https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/United_States,_Freedmen%27s_Bureau_Labor_Contracts,_Indenture_and_Apprenticeship_Records,_1865-1872_Coverage_Table Digital Folder Number List]
|CID = 2475025 }}
=== How Do I Analyze the Results? ===
=== How Do I Analyze the Results? ===
Compare each result from your search with what you know to determine if there is a match. This may require viewing multiple records or images. Keep track of your research in a [[Use_Appropriate_Forms#Prepare_a_Research_Log |research log]].
Compare each result from your search with what you know to determine if there is a match. This may require viewing multiple records or images. Keep track of your research in a [[Use_Appropriate_Forms#Prepare_a_Research_Log |research log]].
== What Do I Do Next? ==
== What Do I Do Next? ==
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information given. Save a copy of the image or transcribe the information. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details such as a title, an occupation, or land ownership. Add this new information to your records of each family. You should also look for leads to other records about your ancestors.  
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information given. Save a copy of the image or transcribe the information. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details such as a title, an occupation, or land ownership. Add this new information to your records of each family. You should also look for leads to other records about your ancestors.  
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* [[United States Record Finder]]
* [[United States Record Finder]]
* [[United States Research Tips and Strategies]]
* [[United States Research Tips and Strategies]]
== Other FamilySearch Collections ==
== Other FamilySearch Collections ==
These collections may have additional materials to help you with your research.
These collections may have additional materials to help you with your research.
=== FamilySearch Catalog ===
=== FamilySearch Catalog ===
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/722504 Paula K. Byers, ed. ''African American genealogical sourcebook.'' New York, New York : Gale Research, c1995 FS Library 973 F27afg] See pages 68-98 The Freedmen's Bureau
*Paula K. Byers, ed. ''African American genealogical sourcebook.'' New York, New York : Gale Research, c1995 {{FSC|722504|item|disp=FS Library 973 F27afg}} See pages 68-98 The Freedmen's Bureau
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/829837 Dee Parmer Woodtor, ''Finding a place called home : a guide to African-American genealogy and historical identity,'' New York, New York : Random House, c1999 FS Library 973 F2wd] See chapter 8
*Dee Parmer Woodtor, ''Finding a place called home : a guide to African-American genealogy and historical identity,'' New York, New York : Random House, c1999 {{FSC|829837|item|disp=FS Library 973 F2wd}} See chapter 8
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/4440734 George R. Bentley, ''A history of the Freedmen's Bureau.'' Reprint. Philadelphia, PA : University of Pennsylvania, 1955. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : University of Pennsylvania, 2016 FS Library Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : University of Pennsylvania, 2016. FS Library 973.714 F875b]
*George R. Bentley, ''A history of the Freedmen's Bureau.'' Reprint. Philadelphia, PA : University of Pennsylvania, 1955. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : University of Pennsylvania, 2016 FS Library Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : University of Pennsylvania, 2016. {{FSC|4440734|item|disp=FS Library 973.714 F875b}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/3416545 edited by Richard Zuczek, ''Encyclopedia of the Reconstruction Era.'' 2 volumes. Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press, ©2006 FS Library 973 N26z ]
*edited by Richard Zuczek, ''Encyclopedia of the Reconstruction Era.'' 2 volumes. Westport, Connecticut : Greenwood Press, ©2006 {{FSC|3416545|item|disp=FS Library 973 N26z }}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/702953 Mississippi Labor Contract Index: Freedmen Listing Index. Mississippi Archives and History FS Library fiche 6334622-25]
*Mississippi Labor Contract Index: Freedmen Listing Index. Mississippi Archives and History {{FSC|702953|item|disp=FS Library fiche 6334622-25}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/958144 Mabel Green Crushshon, comp., ''An index to Hinds County, Mississippi Freedmen's Bureau labor contracts.'' Carrollton, Mississippi : Pioneer Pub. Co., c1999. FS Library 976.251 F22c]
*Mabel Green Crushshon, comp., ''An index to Hinds County, Mississippi Freedmen's Bureau labor contracts.'' Carrollton, Mississippi : Pioneer Pub. Co., c1999. {{FSC|958144|item|disp=FS Library 976.251 F22c}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/768037 Jonathan Kennon Thompson Smith. ''Freedmen's labor contracts, Madison County, Tennessee, 1866-1867.'' Jackson, Tennessee : J.K.T. Smith, c1996. FS Library 976.827 H6s]
*Jonathan Kennon Thompson Smith. ''Freedmen's labor contracts, Madison County, Tennessee, 1866-1867.'' Jackson, Tennessee : J.K.T. Smith, c1996. {{FSC|768037|item|disp=FS Library 976.827 H6s}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1719788 Ira Berlin, ed. ''The war time genesis of free labor : the upper south.'' New York, New York : Cambridge University Press, c1993. FS Library 973 B4fr ser. 1 v. 2]
*Ira Berlin, ed. ''The war time genesis of free labor : the upper south.'' New York, New York : Cambridge University Press, c1993. {{FSC|1719788|item|disp=FS Library 973 B4fr ser. 1 v. 2}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1719789 Ira Berlin, ed. ''The war time genesis of free labor : the lower South.'' New York, New York : Cambridge University Press, c1990, 1991. FS Library 973 B4fr ser. 1 v. 3]
*Ira Berlin, ed. ''The war time genesis of free labor : the lower South.'' New York, New York : Cambridge University Press, c1990, 1991. {{FSC|1719789|item|disp=FS Library 973 B4fr ser. 1 v. 3}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1719790 edited by Steven Hahn ... et al., ''Land and labor, 1865.'' 2 volumes. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, c2008 FS Library 973 B4fr] Series: Freedom : a documentary history of emancipation, 1861-1867 : selected from the holdings of the National Archives of the United States; ser. 3
*edited by Steven Hahn ... et al., ''Land and labor, 1865.'' 2 volumes. Chapel Hill, North Carolina : University of North Carolina Press, c2008 {{FSC|1719790|item|disp=FS Library 973 B4fr}} Series: Freedom : a documentary history of emancipation, 1861-1867 : selected from the holdings of the National Archives of the United States; ser. 3


===  FamilySearch Historical Records ===
===  FamilySearch Historical Records ===
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2431126 United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Commissioner, 1865-1872]
*{{RecordSearch|2431126|United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Commissioner, 1865-1872}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2427901 United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Assistant Commissioner, 1865-1872]
*{{RecordSearch|2427901|United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Assistant Commissioner, 1865-1872}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1803698 North Carolina, Freedmen's Bureau Assistant Commissioner Records, 1862-1870]
*{{RecordSearch|1803698|North Carolina, Freedmen's Bureau Assistant Commissioner Records, 1862-1870}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2427894 United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Superintendent of Education and of the Division of Education, 1865-1872]
*{{RecordSearch|2427894|United States, Freedmen's Bureau, Records of the Superintendent of Education and of the Division of Education, 1865-1872}}
*{{RecordSearch|3161105|United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1860}}
*{{RecordSearch|3161105|United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1860}}
*{{RecordSearch|1438024|United States Census, 1870}}
*{{RecordSearch|1438024|United States Census, 1870}}
=== FamilySearch Digital Library ===
=== FamilySearch Digital Library ===
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/702586 Elaine Everly, Willna Pacheli, comp. ''Preliminary inventory of the records of the field offices of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands : record group 105.'' 3 volumes. Washington, D.C. : National Archives and Records Service, 1973.]
*{{FSC|702586|item|disp=Elaine Everly, Willna Pacheli, comp. ''Preliminary inventory of the records of the field offices of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands : record group 105.'' 3 volumes. Washington, D.C. : National Archives and Records Service, 1973.}}
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2021516 ''Officers' manual : Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.'' (Washington, 1866)]
*{{FSC|2021516|item|disp=''Officers' manual : Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.'' (Washington, 1866)}}
 
== Citing This Collection ==
== Citing This Collection ==
Citations help you keep track of places you have searched and sources you have found. Identifying your sources helps others find the records you used.
Citations help you keep track of places you have searched and sources you have found. Identifying your sources helps others find the records you used.
{{Collection_Published}}
{{Collection citation}}
{{Record_Citation}}
{{Record_Citation}}
{{Image_Citation}}
{{Image_Citation}}
[[Category:NARA_Freedmen's_Bureau Records]][[Category:Collections with a Digital Browse]][[Category:African American Records]]
[[Category:NARA_Freedmen's_Bureau Records]][[Category:Collections with a Digital Browse]][[Category:African American Records]]
[[pt:Estados Unidos, Registros de Contratos de Trabalho, Escritura e Aprendizagem da Agência de Libertos (Registros Históricos do FamilySearch)]]
[[pt:Estados Unidos, Registros de Contratos de Trabalho, Escritura e Aprendizagem da Agência de Libertos (Registros Históricos do FamilySearch)]]
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