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{{Locality | |||
|Name=Assynt | |||
|ID=10593385 | |||
|Level=2 | |||
|Country=Scotland | |||
|CountryID=10579050 | |||
|Locality1=Sutherland | |||
|Locality1id=10593334 | |||
|Locality2=Assynt | |||
|Locality2id=10593385 | |||
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| link1=[[Scotland Genealogy|Scotland]] | |||
| link2=[[Sutherland, Scotland Genealogy|Sutherland]] | |||
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| link5=Assynt | |||
}} | |||
'''Parish #44''' | |||
Guide to '''Assynt''' ancestry, family history, and genealogy: parish registers, transcripts, census records, birth records, marriage records, and death records. | |||
= History = | {{Infobox Scotland Parishes | ||
| Type = [[Scotland Jurisdictions#Quoad Omnia Parish|Quoad Omnia Parish]] | |||
| ParishNo = 44 | |||
| Historic County = Sutherland | |||
| Burgh = | |||
| Council Area = Highland | |||
| Registration District = Kirkton (Assynt) and Stoer | |||
| PRbegin = 1798 | |||
| KSbegin = 1818 | |||
| Presbytery = Dornoch | |||
| Synod = Sutherland & Caithness | |||
| Sheriff Court = Dornoch | |||
| Commissary Court = Caithness | |||
}} | |||
== History == | |||
ASSYNT, a '''parish''', in the county of Sutherland, 30 miles (N. W. by W.) from Dornoch; containing the quoad sacra district of Stoer, and the village of Lochinver. This place, which is supposed to take its name from its irregular boundary line, the Gaelic term, as ''agus innte'', signifying "out and in," was once a forest of the ancient thanes of Sutherland. The church, a small building, seating about 280 persons, is inconveniently situated at a distance of nine miles from the southern boundary of the parish, the great bulk of the population residing at distances varying from 12 to 18 miles; it has been extensively repaired. There are two preaching stations, the one at Lochinver, fourteen miles from the church, and the other at Kyle side, nearly the same distance. A place of worship has been erected in connexion with the '''Free Church'''.<ref>Lewis, Samuel A., ''[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43419#s4 A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland]'' (1846), pp. 499-514. Adapted. Date accessed: 7 August 2014.</ref> | |||
The word ''Assynt,'' is supposed to be a Gaelic compound, ''“ as agus innte,”'' signifying out and in, evidently referring to, and describing the general outline of the parish. Other derivations have been given, connected to legendary traditions; but this seems to be the preferred one. The parish is situated in the north-west part of the county of Sutherland, and is thus bounded: on the north, it is divided from the parish of Edderachillis, in the Reay country, by an arm of the sea of considerable breadth, called the Kyle, which runs between both parishes from west to east; on the east and south, by Kincardine, Creich, Lairg, and Lochbroom; and on the west, by the Atlantic. | The word ''Assynt,'' is supposed to be a Gaelic compound, ''“ as agus innte,”'' signifying out and in, evidently referring to, and describing the general outline of the parish. Other derivations have been given, connected to legendary traditions; but this seems to be the preferred one. The parish is situated in the north-west part of the county of Sutherland, and is thus bounded: on the north, it is divided from the parish of Edderachillis, in the Reay country, by an arm of the sea of considerable breadth, called the Kyle, which runs between both parishes from west to east; on the east and south, by Kincardine, Creich, Lairg, and Lochbroom; and on the west, by the Atlantic. | ||
There is no market-town within the parish; neither have any markets been established. Lochinver is the only village. | <br> | ||
The MacNicols once held the Island of Lewis and Assynt. Their ownership passed through marriage to the MacLeods in 1343. A younger MacLeod son received the lands of Assynt. Then the MacKensies of Ross-shire bought, invaded, and took over Assynt in 1672. The MacKensies held the estate until their bankruptcy in 1739. The Sutherland family bought Assynt in 1757. | |||
There is no market-town within the parish; neither have any markets been established. Lochinver is the only village. The Sutherland family established Lochinver as a planned village in 1812, with hopes of encouraging employment in small-scale manufacturing, kelp-harvesting, and salmon fishing. | |||
There are no printed of manuscript accounts of Assynt so far as known. Various traditions, however, speak of individuals, noted in their day, living in or connected with the parish. Among these would be Neil Macleod, who resided at Ardvrack Castle, built on the banks of Loch Assynt. | There are no printed of manuscript accounts of Assynt so far as known. Various traditions, however, speak of individuals, noted in their day, living in or connected with the parish. Among these would be Neil Macleod, who resided at Ardvrack Castle, built on the banks of Loch Assynt. | ||
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This account was drawn up November 1837, and revised March 1840. | This account was drawn up November 1837, and revised March 1840. | ||
''' | '''Sources:''' ''New Statistical Account of Scotland ''for Assynt, FS Library book {{FSC|941 B4sa|disp=941 B4sa}}, series 2, vol. 15; Malcolm Bangor-Jones,''Historic Assynt'' (Dundee: The Assynt Press, 2000).<br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
' | For more information about Assynt's geography, economy, history, education, and people, see the parish reports in [https://stataccscot.edina.ac.uk/static/statacc/dist/home The First and Second Statistical Accounts of Scotland], or the Third Statistical Account for Sutherland {{FSC|941 B4sa 3rd ser. v. 19B|disp=941 B4sa 3rd}}. | ||
= Census Records | == Census Records == | ||
Scottish Censuses were taken every 10 years beginning in 1801. Beginning with the 1841 Census, each individual in the nation was enumerated at the location they slept on a particular day. For more information, including which day each census was taken, read about [[Scotland_Census|Scottish Census Records]]. | |||
Click {{FSC|649682|title-id|disp=here}}{{LQL}} to go to the FamilySearch Catalog entry for the census records of Assynt. The FamilySearch Library has a surname index to the {{FSC|734153|title-id|disp=1881}} census of the whole of Sutherland county. | |||
Indexes and images for the 1901, 1911, and 1921 censuses of Scotland are found on [https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk ScotlandsPeople] ($). Registration is required and there is a small access fee per image. All available censuses, 1841-1921, are indexed on this website. | |||
== Church Records == | |||
The Established Church in Scotland is the Church of Scotland, a Presbyterian denomination of Christianity. Church of Scotland records generally cover the period of time prior to 1855, when Civil Registration began. Unlike in England, Scottish law never mandated that vital events be registered with the established church. For more information, read about [[Scotland_Church_Records|Scottish Church Records]]. | |||
= Church Records | |||
The Established Church of Scotland | |||
Here are the pre-1855 records that exist for this parish. | Here are the pre-1855 records that exist for this parish. | ||
== Established Church—Old Parochial Registers == | === Established Church—Old Parochial Registers === | ||
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1 | {| width="330" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <u>Record Type</u> | | <u>Record Type</u> | ||
| <u>Years Covered</u> | | <u>Years Covered</u> | ||
| <u> | | <u>FS Library Film Number</u> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Births:''' | | '''Births:''' | ||
| 1798-1854 | | 1798-1854 | ||
| {{ | | {{FSC|0990560|film|disp=0990560}} Item 1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Marriages:''' | | '''Marriages:''' | ||
| 1798-1854 | | 1798-1854 | ||
| {{ | | {{FSC|0990560|film|disp=0990560}} Item 1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Deaths:''' | | '''Deaths:''' | ||
| Line 68: | Line 103: | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
==== Condition of Original Registers— | ===== Condition of Original Registers— ===== | ||
'''Index:''' For an index to these records, see | '''Index:''' For an index to these records, see [http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ Scotland’s People] website, a pay-for-view website. The Scottish Church Records Index is also still available at the [https://www.familysearch.org/en/library/ FamilySearch Library] in Salt Lake City. Some records may also be indexed in other [https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/location/1986318?region=Scotland FamilySearch collections] for Scotland.<br>'''Marriages:''' Form of entries is somewhat peculiar, generally containing a reference to the "consignation money".<br>'''Source:''' V. Ben Bloxham, ''Key to the Parochial Registers of Scotland'' (Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1970), {{FSC|941 K23b|disp=941 K23b}}. | ||
== Established Church—Kirk Session Records == | === Established Church—Kirk Session Records === | ||
The kirk session was the court of the parish. The session was made up of the minister and the land owners and businessmen of the parish, chosen to serve on the session. It dealt with moral issues, minor criminal cases, matters of the poor and education, matters of discipline, and the general concerns of the parish. Kirk session records may also mention births, marriages, and deaths. | |||
'''Here is a list of the surviving Kirk session records for this parish:'''<br> | |||
'''Here is a list of the surviving Kirk session records for this parish:'''<br> | |||
Minutes 1818–1843<br>'''Note:''' Available at the National Archives of Scotland, Edinburgh, record CH2/894 | Minutes 1818–1843<br>'''Note:''' Available at the National Archives of Scotland, Edinburgh, record CH2/894 | ||
== Nonconformist Church Records == | === Nonconformist Church Records === | ||
A nonconformist church is any church that is not the established church (the Church of Scotland). For more information, read about [[Scotland_Church_Records_Union_Lists#Historical_Background|Scottish Nonconformity]]. | |||
==== Assynt Free Church ==== | |||
'''History—'''<br>Charles Gordon, minister of the parish, and almost the whole congregation, "came out" in 1843. Neither site nor house for the minister and his family could at first be got in the parish. The Duke of Sutherland refused a site, and when one was granted by a neighboring proprietor, he tried to prevent the people from using the quarries on his estate. In a few years church and manse were built 14 miles from the old church and 2-1/2 miles from Lochinver village. In 1878, to meet the necessities of the people, a church was erected at Elphine and, in 1893 a church and manse close to Lochinver. School buildings were also provided. Assynt was, for many decades, a stronghold of the 'Separatists'. The people, many of whom had remarkable mental and spiritual gifts separated from the church because of the moderatism that prevailed in the Highlands. Their attitude towards the regular ministry was critical and suspicious; and their teaching, especially in regard to the Communion, often very narrow. They left a deep mark on this and other parishes, owing to the strength of their leaders called 'the men'. <br>'''Membership:''' 1850, 362; 1900, 24. <br>'''Source:''' ''Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843–1900'', ed. Rev. William Ewing, D.D., pub. 1914. Film {{FSC|918572|film|disp=# 918572}}. More details may be given in the source, including ministers. | |||
'''History—'''<br>Charles Gordon, minister of the parish, and almost the whole congregation, "came out" in 1843. Neither site nor house for the minister and his family could at first be got in the parish. The Duke of Sutherland refused a site, and when one was granted by a neighboring proprietor, he tried to prevent the people from using the quarries on his estate. In a few years church and manse were built 14 miles from the old church and 2-1/2 miles from Lochinver village. In 1878, to meet the necessities of the people, a church was erected at Elphine and, in 1893 a church and manse close to Lochinver. School buildings were also provided. Assynt was, for many decades, a stronghold of the 'Separatists'. The people, many of whom had remarkable mental and spiritual gifts separated from the church because of the moderatism that prevailed in the Highlands. Their attitude towards the regular ministry was critical and suspicious; and their teaching, especially in regard to the Communion, often very narrow. They left a deep mark on this and other parishes, owing to the strength of their leaders called 'the men'. <br>'''Membership:''' 1850, 362; 1900, 24. <br>'''Source:''' ''Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843–1900'', ed. Rev. William Ewing, D.D., pub. 1914. Film {{ | |||
'''Records—'''<br>No known pre–1855 records. | '''Records—'''<br>No known pre–1855 records. | ||
=== Stoer Free Church === | ==== Stoer Free Church ==== | ||
'''History—'''<br>Peter Davidson, minister of Stoer, and a large number of his people, adhered to the Free Church at the Disruption. At the settlement of Mr. Davidson's successor in 1848, the district of Klyeside was disjoined from Assynt and annexed to Stoer. Church and manse were provided.<br>'''Membership:''' 1859, 600; 1900, 17. <br>'''Source:''' ''Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843–1900,'' ed. Rev. William Ewing, D.D., pub. 1914. Film{{ | '''History—'''<br>Peter Davidson, minister of Stoer, and a large number of his people, adhered to the Free Church at the Disruption. At the settlement of Mr. Davidson's successor in 1848, the district of Klyeside was disjoined from Assynt and annexed to Stoer. Church and manse were provided.<br>'''Membership:''' 1859, 600; 1900, 17. <br>'''Source:''' ''Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843–1900,'' ed. Rev. William Ewing, D.D., pub. 1914. Film{{FSC|918572|film|disp=# 918572}}. More details may be given in the source, including ministers. | ||
= Civil Registration Records | == Civil Registration Records == | ||
Government or civil registration of births, marriages, and deaths is called Statutory Registers in Scotland. The system began 1 January 1855, and each parish had a registrar's office, with large cities having several. Over time, districts merged and split due to changing populations and technological advancements. The system has largely stayed the same over time, with records being created by local registrars and copies sent to the General Register Office in Edinburgh. Initially annual indexes were published, but now these indexes are available online as soon as an event is registered. Many of these records are only available on [https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk ScotlandsPeople] ($), however the years 1855-1875, 1881, and 1891 are {{FSC|79310|item|disp=available through FamilySearch}}(*). For more information, read about [[Scotland_Civil_Registration|Scottish Statutory Registers]]. | |||
== Probate Records == | |||
Assynt was under the probate jurisdiction of the Commissary Court of Caithess until 1823, and since then has been under the Sheriff's Court of Dornoch. Probate records for 1513-1901 are indexed online at [http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk.] You must register on the website but use of the index to probate records, called 'Wills & Testaments,' is free. You may then purchase a copy of the document or, if the document is before 1823, it will be on microfilm at the FamilySearch Library. To find the microfilm numbers, search in the library [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog catalog] for the 'Place-names' of Sutherland and the subject of 'Probate records.' Then click on the link to the records of the Commissariat of Caithness. | |||
The library also has some post-1823 probate records for Sutherland. Look in the library [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog catalog] for the 'Place-names' of Sutherland and the subjects of 'Probate Records' and 'Probate Records - Indexes.' | |||
Read more about [[Scotland Probate Records|Scotland Probate Records.]] | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
Return to | Return to Sutherland [[Sutherland, Scotland Parishes|parish list.]]<br> | ||
[[Category:Sutherland]] | [[Category:Sutherland Parishes]] | ||
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