m (Protected "Norway Personal Names": This is page contains official policy and recommendations and should not be changed without review ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))) |
m (Text replacement - "*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname '''FamilySearch's surname experience'''] - enter your last name to find its meaning and origin" to "*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin") |
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{{Norway | {{CountrySidebar | ||
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|Name=Norway | |||
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|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Naming Customs | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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*Spelling was not standardized in Norway until 1917 | *Spelling was not standardized in Norway until 1917 | ||
=== Best Practices For Recording Names === | === Best Practices For Recording Names in Family Tree === | ||
*Surnames which are abbreviated in the records should be recorded fully spelled out | *Surnames which are abbreviated in the records should be recorded fully spelled out | ||
*Farm names indicate residence, and should be recorded as part of the event locality - not as a surname | *Farm names indicate residence, and should be recorded as part of the event locality - not as a surname | ||
*When a person's name is not given in the records, or only part of their name is known, see the instructions in [[Entering Unknown or Incomplete Names in Genealogy]] | |||
== Legislative Changes == | == Legislative Changes == | ||
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Surnames can be identified as having originated from one of three ways: | Surnames can be identified as having originated from one of three ways: | ||
*Patronymic - based on the father’s given name, such as Jensen (son of Jens) | *Patronymic - based on the father’s given name, such as Jensen (son of Jens) | ||
*Geographical - based on the name of farm or house where they lived, such as Mundal (see [[Norway | *Geographical - based on the name of farm or house where they lived, such as Mundal (see [[Norway Naming Customs#Farm Names|Farm Names]]) | ||
*Occupational - based on the person's trade, such as Smed (Smith) | *Occupational - based on the person's trade, such as Smed (Smith) | ||
===Online Tools=== | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname Surname experience] at FamilySearch - search by surname to learn its meaning and origin | |||
=== Patronymics === | === Patronymics === | ||
[[File:Norway Patronymic Surnames.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Illustration of the derivation of Norwegian patronymic surnames]] | [[File:Norway Patronymic Surnames.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Illustration of the derivation of Norwegian patronymic surnames]] | ||
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All three are the same person. | All three are the same person. | ||
When farm names are given in a record, they provide residence information and are not part of the person’s surname. As such, they should be added as part of the locality information and | When farm names are given in a record, they provide residence information and are not part of the person’s surname. As such, they should be added as part of the locality information and not a part of the person's name. An illustration would be a person named Mary Smith. Her name alone is not that unique, but if you were to refer to her as Mary Smith of Battle Lake, Minnesota, she is identified with much higher precision. | ||
According to Yngve Nedrebø, Director of the Regional Archive in Bergen, "[farm names do] not necessarily identify a family or a relationship; it signified a place of residence. If farmer Ole Olsen Li moved from Li to another farm, such as Dal, he would then be known as Ole Olsen Dal. A farm laborer could be named in the same way, even though he was not related to the farmer."<ref>Nedrebø, Yngve, ''How to trace your ancestors in Norway''. Oslo, Norway : Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1989. | According to Yngve Nedrebø, Director of the Regional Archive in Bergen, "[farm names do] not necessarily identify a family or a relationship; it signified a place of residence. If farmer Ole Olsen Li moved from Li to another farm, such as Dal, he would then be known as Ole Olsen Dal. A farm laborer could be named in the same way, even though he was not related to the farmer."<ref>Nedrebø, Yngve, ''How to trace your ancestors in Norway''. Oslo, Norway : Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1989. FS Library Book {{FSC|504142|item|disp=948.1 D27o 1989}}. Also available online at Digital Archives, [https://www.digitalarkivet.no/en/content/trace-ancestors How to trace your ancestors in Norway].</ref> | ||
Another problem with including farm names as part of someone’s surname is making the decision of which farm name to use. It is not uncommon for a person to live more than one place over the course of their lifetime. Would you use: | Another problem with including farm names as part of someone’s surname is making the decision of which farm name to use. It is not uncommon for a person to live more than one place over the course of their lifetime. Would you use: | ||
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Many local histories (''[[Norway Farm Books|bygdebøker]]'') published in Norway appear to include farm names as part of a person's name. This use is frequently misunderstood by persons who are not familiar with the literature and incorrectly assume it is the person's surname. | Many local histories (''[[Norway Farm Books|bygdebøker]]'') published in Norway appear to include farm names as part of a person's name. This use is frequently misunderstood by persons who are not familiar with the literature and incorrectly assume it is the person's surname. | ||
For example, this entry for Ljono farm from '' | For example, this entry for Ljono farm from ''{{FSC|471492|item|disp=Ulvik gards- og ættesoga}}''. Under the entries for Gjele, a smaller part of Ljono farm, ''Jon Asbjørnsson Håheim'' is identified<ref>Ulvik gards- og ættesoga, volume 2, page 140.</ref>. Here ''Håheim'' is used to indicate which farm more information about him can be found, and does not mean ''Håheim'' is part of his name. | ||
== Norwegian-American Name Changes == | == Norwegian-American Name Changes == | ||
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== Online Resources == | == Online Resources == | ||
*Knut Sprauten, ed. [https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2013092608008 Å kallast med sitt rette namn : person- og stadnamn i lokalhistoria]. Oslo, Norway : Norsk lokalhistorisk institutt, 2002. | *Knut Sprauten, ed. [https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2013092608008 Å kallast med sitt rette namn : person- og stadnamn i lokalhistoria]. Oslo, Norway : Norsk lokalhistorisk institutt, 2002. FS Library Book {{FSC|1112635|item|disp=948.1 D4sk 2002}}. | ||
*National Library of Norway, [https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2008120304033 Lov om personnavn : tradisjon, liberalisering og forenkling : utredning fra en arbeidsgruppe oppnevnt av Justis- og politidepartementet ved brev 22. april 1999 : avgitt 20. desember 2000] A report on the history of Norwegian name laws by the Norwegian Justice and Police Department. | *National Library of Norway, [https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2008120304033 Lov om personnavn : tradisjon, liberalisering og forenkling : utredning fra en arbeidsgruppe oppnevnt av Justis- og politidepartementet ved brev 22. april 1999 : avgitt 20. desember 2000] A report on the history of Norwegian name laws by the Norwegian Justice and Police Department. | ||
*Arvegods (blog) [http://arvegods.blogspot.com/2012/02/norwegian-names.html Norwegian Names] | *Arvegods (blog) [http://arvegods.blogspot.com/2012/02/norwegian-names.html Norwegian Names] | ||
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[[Category:Norway]] | [[Category:Norway]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naming Customs]] | ||
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