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==How to Find the Records==
==Resources==
===Online Resources===
 
*Birth, marriages, deaths, divorces: [http://anom.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr/caomec2/recherche.php?territoire=COMORES Comores État Civil] at ANOM; index & images


===Offices to Contact===
===Offices to Contact===


==Historical Background==
The prefecture where the event took place has the civil registrations for births, marriages, and deaths.<ref>Thomas Jay Kemp, ''International Vital Records Handbook'', 7th ed., (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., c2017), p. 584.</ref>


In the 1790s, Malagasy warriors raided Comoros for slaves and crops. By the 1820s, the population was decimated. Slaves were brought from mainland Africa. These were traded to the French in Mayotte and the Mascarenes. In 1865, slaves were possibly as much as 40% of the population of Comoros.
List of [https://www.citypopulation.de/en/comoros/admin/ Prefectures and Communes in Comoros]


France first established colonial rule in the Comoros by taking possession of Mayotte in 1841 when the Sakalava usurper sultan Andriantsoly (also known as Tsy Levalo) signed the Treaty of April 1841,[26] which ceded the island to the French authorities.[27]
==Background==


Meanwhile, Ndzuani (or Johanna as it was know to the British) continued to serve as a way station for English merchants sailing to India and the Far East, as well as American whalers, although the British gradually abandoned it following their possession of Mauritius in 1814 and by the time the Suez Canal opened in 1869 there was no longer any significant supply trade at Ndzuani. Local commodities exported by the Comoros were, in addition to slaves, coconuts, timber, cattle and tortoiseshell. French settlers, French-owned companies, and wealthy Arab merchants established a plantation-based economy that used about one-third of the land for export crops. After its annexation, France converted Mayotte into a sugar plantation colony. The other islands were soon transformed as well, and the major crops of ylang-ylang, vanilla, cloves, perfume plants, coffee, cocoa beans, and sisal were introduced.[28]
In the 1790s, Malagasy warriors raided the islands of Comoros for slaves and crops. By the 1820s, the population was decimated. Slaves were brought from mainland Africa. These were traded to the French in Mayotte and the Mascarenes. In 1865, slaves were possibly as much as 40% of the population of Comoros.


In 1886, Mwali was placed under French protection by its Sultan Mardjani Abdou Cheikh. That same year, Sultan Said Ali of Bambao, one of the sultanates on Ngazidja, placed the island under French protection in exchange for French support of his claim to the entire island, which he retained until his abdication in 1910. In 1908 the islands were unified under a single administration (Colonie de Mayotte et dépendances) and placed under the authority of the French colonial governor general of Madagascar. In 1909, Sultan Said Muhamed of Ndzuani abdicated in favour of French rule. In 1912 the colony and the protectorates were abolished and the islands became a province of the colony of Madagascar.[29]
In 1841, France gained control of the Comoros. Ships from Portugal, England, and the United States often stopped in Comoros. French settlers and companies, as well as Arab merchants created plantations on all the islands. From 1886 to 1912, part or all of Comoros was under French protection. In 1912, Comoros became of province of Madagascar. In 1975, Comoros gained its independence from France.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoros Comoros], (accessed 30 November 2020).</ref>
 
Agreement was reached with France in 1973 for the Comoros to become independent in 1978, despite the deputies of Mayotte voting for increased integration with France. A referendum was held on all four of the islands. Three voted for independence by large margins, while Mayotte voted against, and remains under French administration. On 6 July 1975, however, the Comorian parliament passed a unilateral resolution declaring independence.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoros Comoros], (accessed 30 November 2020).</ref>


==Coverage and Compliance==
==Coverage and Compliance==
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==Information Recorded in the Records==
==Information Recorded in the Records==


===Birth Record===
*Name of child
*Date of birth
*Gender
*Weight at birth
*Ethnicity
*Date of registration
*Place of birth
*Place of registration
*Mother's date of birth or age
*Mother's place of birth
*Mother's occupation
*Mother's place of usual residence
*Father's date of birth or age
*Father's place of birth
*Father's occupation
*Father's place of usual residence<ref name="Unicef Comoros">UNICEF Data: Monitoring the situation of children and women, UNICEF Data for [https://data.unicef.org/crvs/Comoros/ Comoros], accessed 30 November 2020. "Data sources: Information on civil registration systems was compiled over a period from December 2016 to November 2017 using the existing relevant legal frameworks and in consultation with CRVS experts, officials within the relevant national institutions, and UNICEF country offices. All reasonable precautions have been taken by UNICEF to verify this country profile; updates will be made to reflect changes in policy and implementation and/or new information."</ref>
===Marriage Certificate===
*Date of marriage
*Name of bride and groom
*Date and place of birth of each
*Occupation and domicile of each spouse
*Name of father and mother of each of the spouses
*Occupation and domicile of the father and mother of each
*Consents or authorizations given in case of minority or incapacity of one or both spouses
*Names of witnesses and their status as adults
*Mention is made of the marriage on the birth certificates of each of the spouses<ref name="Unicef Comoros"></ref>
===Death Certificate===


*Date of death
*Place of death
*Name of the deceased
*Date and place of birth of the deceased
*Profession and domicile of the deceased
*Name of the deceased’s father and mother
*Occupation and domicile of the deceased’s father and mother
*Name of the other spouse if the deceased was married
*Name, age, occupation and domicile of the informant 
*Informant's relationship with the deceased where applicable


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Comoros]]
[[Category:Comoros]] [[Category:Civil Registration]]
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