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{{breadcrumb | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Tuvalu | |||
|Name=Tuvalu | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Languages | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Tuvalu Genealogy|Tuvalu]] | | link1=[[Tuvalu Genealogy|Tuvalu]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
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| link4= | | link4= | ||
| link5=[[Tuvalu Languages|Languages]] | | link5=[[Tuvalu Languages|Languages]] | ||
}} | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
'''Tuvaluan''' and '''English''' are the official languages of Tuvalu but English is not spoken in daily use. Parliament and official functions are conducted in Tuvaluan. | |||
'''Tuvaluan''': | |||
*is distantly related to all other Polynesian languages such as Hawaiian, Māori, Tahitian, Rapa Nui, Samoan and Tongan | |||
*is most closely related to the languages spoken on the Polynesian outliers in Micronesia and northern and central Melanesia. | |||
*has borrowed from the Samoan language, as a consequence of Christian missionaries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries being predominantly Samoan. | |||
*is spoken by virtually everyone, while a language very similar to Gilbertese is spoken on Nui. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Tuvalu," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvalu#Languages, accessed 27 Jun 2021.</ref> | |||
Even though the population of Tuvalu was approximately 10,837 people in 2012, there are estimated to be more than 13,000 Tuvaluan speakers worldwide. In 2015 it was estimated that more than 3,500 Tuvaluans live in New Zealand, with about half that number born in New Zealand and 65 percent of the Tuvaluan community in New Zealand is able to speak Tuvaluan. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Tuvalu Language," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvaluan_language, accessed 27 Jun 2021.</ref> | |||
It was found that rising sea levels threaten the islands of Tuvalu so in 2002, the government made an agreement with the country of New Zealand to help preserve the people of Tuvalu and their language. New Zealand agreed to have the entire population gradually migrate to their country. As more Tuvaluans continue to migrate to New Zealand and integrate themselves into the culture and society, relative isolation decreases, contributing to the language's endangerment. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Tuvalu Language," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvaluan_language#Risk_of_Endangerment, accessed 27 Jun 2021.</ref> | |||
==Word List(s)== | |||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/tuvaluan.php Useful phrases in Tuvaluan (Omniglot] | |||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/kinship/tuvaluan.htm Family Words in Tuvaluan (Omniglot)] | |||
*[https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/lals/resources/paul-nations-resources/vocabulary-lists/survival-vocabulary-lists/survival-tuvaluan.pdf Tuvaluan Phrases] | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Tuvaluan !! English | |||
|- | |||
| talofa || Good morning | |||
|- | |||
| talofa || Good afternoon | |||
|- | |||
| talofa || Good evening | |||
|- | |||
| talofa || Hello | |||
|- | |||
| (Fine, thank you) ea koe? || How are you? | |||
|- | |||
| tofa || Goodbye | |||
|- | |||
| fakafetai || Thank you | |||
|- | |||
| fakamolemole || Please | |||
|- | |||
| tulou || Excuse me (sorry) | |||
|- | |||
| ao || Yes | |||
|- | |||
| ikai || No | |||
|} | |||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm Tuvaluan Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm Tuvaluan Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvaluan_language#Phonology Tuvaluan Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvaluan_language#Phonology Tuvaluan Alphabet and Pronunciation (Wikipedia)] | ||
The sound system of Tuvaluan consists of five vowels (/i/, /e/, /a/, /o/, /u/). All vowels come in short and long forms, which are contrastive. | The sound system of Tuvaluan consists of five vowels (/i/, /e/, /a/, /o/, /u/). All vowels come in short and long forms, which are contrastive. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/tvl/en Tuvalu to English Dictionary | *[https://glosbe.com/tvl/en Tuvalu to English Dictionary (Glosbe)] | ||
*[https://quizlet.com/165326157/basic-tuvaluan-phrases-flash-cards/ Basic Tuvaluan Phrases (Quizlet)] | |||
*[https://quizlet.com/165326157/basic-tuvaluan-phrases-flash-cards/ Basic Tuvaluan Phrases] | |||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
*[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tuvalu/ Tuvalu] | *[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tuvalu/ Tuvalu (CIA.gov)] | ||
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/Tuvalu Tuvalu] | *[https://wikitravel.org/en/Tuvalu Tuvalu (Wikitravel] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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