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=== | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Thailand | |||
|Name=Thailand | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Languages | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Thailand Genealogy|Thailand]] | |||
| link2= | |||
| link3= | |||
| link4= | |||
| link5=[[Thailand Languages|Languages]] | |||
}} | |||
==== | ==Description== | ||
The official language spoken in Thailand is <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Thailand," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#:~:text=official%20language%20of%20Thailand, accessed 17 May 2023.</ref> | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_language '''Thai'''] - also known as '''Central Thai'''. Thai is used in government and education. | |||
** belongs to the language family of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kra%E2%80%93Dai_languages Kra–Dai]. Thai is closely related to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lao_language Lao], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_language Shan], and several smaller languages in the area. | |||
The Royal Thai Government recognizes 62 domestic languages in the country. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Thailand," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Thailand, accessed 17 May 2023.</ref> | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Thailand#:~:text=following%20table%20comprises%20all%2062%20ethnolinguistic%20groups%20recognized%20by%20the%20Royal%20Thai%20Government List of Officially Recognized Languages divided into five language family groups] | |||
Top languages by population are | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isan_language '''Isan'''] - also known as '''Northeastern Thai''', a Lao dialect. Spoken in the northeastern provinces. The largest of the minority languages. | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Thai_language '''Kam Mueang'''] - also known as '''Northern Thai'''. | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language '''Pak Tai'''] - also known as '''Southern Thai''' and '''Dambro''' | |||
The national language of Thailand is Thai, spoken by about 53% of the population. Many more speak it as a second language. Lao is spoken by about 27%, and Chinese 12%. Malay is spoken by 4% and Khmer 3%. English is widely used in business, as are many of the Chinese dialects. Records were kept in Thai, Lao, Malay, Chinese and English.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Thailand,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 2001.</ref> | |||
==Word List(s)== | |||
* [[Thai Genealogical Word List|Thai Genealogical Word List]] | |||
* Evans, Bruce. ''Thai phrasebook & dictionary.'' Carlton, Victoria: Lonely Planet Global Limited, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1052782748 WorldCat]. | |||
* Fanthorpe, Helen. ''Thai phrase book & dictionary.'' London: Berlitz Publishing, 2019. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1083159489 WorldCat]. | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/thai.php#:~:text=Useful%20Thai%20phrases Useful Thai phrases] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://theculturetrip.com/asia/thailand/articles/15-essential-thai-phrases-to-learn-before-you-visit-thailand/ Essential Phrases in Thailand] - Culture Trip | |||
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Thai/Vocabulary/Isan-basic-phrases Isan basic phrases] - Polyglot Wiki | |||
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Northern-thai/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings Northern-thai Vocabulary] - Polyglot Wiki | |||
* [https://midtownratsada.com/southern-thai/central-thai-southern-thai-vocabulary-phrases Central Thai & Southern Thai Vocabulary & Phrases] - Hotel Midtown | |||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | |||
'''Alphabet''' | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/thai.htm#:~:text=Thai%20alphabet Thai alphabet] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/conscripts/satthaaksoonthaj.htm#:~:text=Latin%20alphabet%20for%20the%20Thai Latin alphabet for the Thai] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/isan.htm#:~:text=Thai%20alphabet%20for%20Isan Thai alphabet for Isan] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/northernthai.htm Northern Thai (Kam Mueang)] - Omniglot | |||
'''Pronunciation''' | |||
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/thai.htm#:~:text=Thai%20alphabet%20and%20pronunciation Thai pronunciation] - Omniglot | |||
* [https://forvo.com/languages/th/ Thai pronunciation dictionary] - Forvo | |||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | |||
'''Dictionaries''' | |||
* Barmé, Scot, Pensi Najaithong, and Jintana Rattanakhemakorn. ''Mini Thai dictionary : Thai-English English-Thai.'' La Vergne: Tuttle Publishing, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1041075558 WorldCat]. | |||
* ''Collins Thai dictionary.'' Bishopbriggs, Glasgow: Collins, 2019. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1101418173 WorldCat]. | |||
* Rattanakhemakorn, Jintana and Scot Barmé. ''Essential Thai phrasebook & dictionary.'' Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing, 2019. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1083682027 WorldCat]. | |||
* Higbie, James. ''Lao-English, English-Lao dictionary and phrasebook.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, 2001. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/46918476 WorldCat]. | |||
* Higbie, James. ''Thai-English/English-Thai dictionary and phrasebook.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, 1999. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/41712147 WorldCat]. | |||
'''Online Dictionaries''' | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/th Dictionary English - Thai] - Glosbe | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/tts Dictionary English - Northeastern Thai] - Glosbe | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/nod Dictionary English - Northern Thai] - Glosbe | |||
* [https://glosbe.com/en/sou Dictionary English - Southern Thai] - Glosbe | |||
'''Language Aids''' | |||
* Michael. ''Essential Thai : Speak Thai With Confidence.'' n.p.: Tuttle Publishing, 2014. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/880412747 WorldCat]. | |||
==Additional Resources== | |||
* Higbie, James. ''Let's speak Lao.'' Bangkok, Thailand: Orchid Press, 2018. '''''Available at:''''' [https://worldcat.org/title/1031918941 WorldCat]. | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Thailand]] | |||
<references /> | |||
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