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{{Poland | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Poland | |||
|Name=Poland | |||
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|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=History | |||
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Effective family research requires a knowledge of major historical events that may have affected your family and the records about them. Learning about wars, governments, laws, migrations, and religious trends may help you understand political boundaries, family movements, and settlement patterns. These events may have led to the creation of records such as land and military documents that mention your family. Your ancestors will become more interesting to you if you also use histories to learn about the events they may have participated in. For example, by using a history you might learn about the events that occurred in the year your great-grandparents were married.The following are some key dates and events in the history of Poland: | Effective family research requires a knowledge of major historical events that may have affected your family and the records about them. Learning about wars, governments, laws, migrations, and religious trends may help you understand political boundaries, family movements, and settlement patterns. These events may have led to the creation of records such as land and military documents that mention your family. Your ancestors will become more interesting to you if you also use histories to learn about the events they may have participated in. For example, by using a history you might learn about the events that occurred in the year your great-grandparents were married. The following are some key dates and events in the history of Poland: | ||
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966 - 1795 The Polish state emerged in the 10th century when several tribes united. Christianity was accepted in 966 A.D., and Poland became a kingdom<br> | 966 - 1795 The Polish state emerged in the 10th century when several tribes united. Christianity was accepted in 966 A.D., and Poland became a kingdom<br> | ||
1386 - The Polish-Lithuanian Union is established<br> | 1386 - The Polish-Lithuanian Union is established<br> | ||
1569 - Poland reached its greatest territorial expansion. At that time it included Lithuania, Prussia, Volhynia, Podolia, and | 1569 - Poland reached its greatest territorial expansion. At that time it included Lithuania, Prussia, Volhynia, Podolia, and Ukraine<br> | ||
1582 - The Kingdom of Poland adopted the Gregorian calendar<br> | 1582 - The Kingdom of Poland adopted the Gregorian calendar<br> | ||
1772 - Russia, Austria, and Prussia each seized one-third of Polish territory<br> | 1772 - Russia, Austria, and Prussia each seized one-third of Polish territory<br> | ||
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1846 - Austria took over the Republic of Kraków, and it was incorporated into the province of Galicia<br> | 1846 - Austria took over the Republic of Kraków, and it was incorporated into the province of Galicia<br> | ||
1864 - January uprising resulted from Russia’s efforts to Russify the Kingdom of Poland<br> | 1864 - January uprising resulted from Russia’s efforts to Russify the Kingdom of Poland<br> | ||
1917 - During World War | 1917 - During World War I a total of 2 million Polish troops fought with the armies of the three occupying powers, and 450,000 died and at the end of World War I Poland reappeared as an independent state after 123 years of foreign rule<br> | ||
1939 – 1945 The invasion by the Nazis in 1939 marked the onset of World War II. After the war Poland ceded her eastern territories to the Soviet Union and her western borders were moved west to the Oder and Neisse Rivers, thus establishing her present borders. A provisional government was set up under Soviet auspices in 1945<br> | 1939 – 1945 The invasion by the Nazis in 1939 marked the onset of World War II. After the war Poland ceded her eastern territories to the Soviet Union and her western borders were moved west to the Oder and Neisse Rivers, thus establishing her present borders. A provisional government was set up under Soviet auspices in 1945<br> | ||
1947 - The Communist party gained full control of the Polish government in state-controlled elections<br> | 1947 - The Communist party gained full control of the Polish government in state-controlled elections<br> | ||
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In addition, local histories can provide information about your family’s lifestyle and the community and environment your family lived in. | In addition, local histories can provide information about your family’s lifestyle and the community and environment your family lived in. | ||
Although relatively few local histories have been published for towns or regions in Poland, a careful search for available histories for your ancestor’s locality is worthwhile. You might want to write to the village mayor to see if these histories are available for your town when they are not available at the | Although relatively few local histories have been published for towns or regions in Poland, a careful search for available histories for your ancestor’s locality is worthwhile. You might want to write to the village mayor to see if these histories are available for your town when they are not available at the FamilySearch Library. Sometimes local histories are available at major public and university libraries and archives. | ||
The | The FamilySearch Library has several published national, provincial, and local histories for Poland. | ||
You can find histories in the FamilySearch Catalog under: | You can find histories in the FamilySearch Catalog under: | ||
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POLAND, (COUNTY), (CITY) - HISTORY | POLAND, (COUNTY), (CITY) - HISTORY | ||
The following historical sources are only a few of the many that are available. Books with film numbers can be ordered through local | The following historical sources are only a few of the many that are available. Books with film numbers can be ordered through local FamilySearch centers. Some may be found in major research libraries. | ||
Ćwik, Władysław. ''Miasta królewskie Lubelszczyzny w drugiej połowie XVIII wieku'' | Ćwik, Władysław. ''Miasta królewskie Lubelszczyzny w drugiej połowie XVIII wieku'' | ||
Gieysztor, Aleksander.''History of Poland.'' Warszawa: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1979. ( | Gieysztor, Aleksander.''History of Poland.'' Warszawa: Polish Scientific Publishers, 1979. (FS Library book 943.8 H2gk, FS Library film 1181701.) | ||
Leslie, R. F. ''The History of Poland since 1863.''New York, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. ( | Leslie, R. F. ''The History of Poland since 1863.''New York, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. (FS Library book 943.8 H2hp.) Includes a bibliography. | ||
Topolski, Jerzy. ''An Outline History of Poland.'' Warszawa: Interpress Publishers, 1986. ( | Topolski, Jerzy. ''An Outline History of Poland.'' Warszawa: Interpress Publishers, 1986. (FS Library book 943.8 H2tj.) | ||
Wandycz, Piotr S. ''The Lands of Partitioned Poland, 1795–1918.'' Vol. 7 in series: ''A History of East Central Europe''. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, 1974. ( | Wandycz, Piotr S. ''The Lands of Partitioned Poland, 1795–1918.'' Vol. 7 in series: ''A History of East Central Europe''. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, 1974. (FS Library book 940 H2ho.) Includes maps. | ||
== Calendar Changes == | == Calendar Changes == | ||
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http://www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk/www/HistoryPolska.html | http://www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk/www/HistoryPolska.html | ||
http://www.virtuti.com/order/ | http://www.virtuti.com/order/ | ||
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http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Poland.html | http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Poland.html | ||
'''A wiki | '''A wiki article describing online collections are found at:''' | ||
[[Poland, Lublin Roman Catholic Church Books - FamilySearch Historical Records|Poland Lublin Roman Catholic Church Books | [[Poland, Lublin Roman Catholic Church Books - FamilySearch Historical Records|Poland Lublin Roman Catholic Church Books - FamilySearch Historical Records]] | ||
[[pt:Historia da Polônia]] | |||
[[Category:Poland]] | [[Category:Poland]] | ||
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