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|Country=Norway
| Occupations were a measure of social status. Some trades were viewed as more prestigious than others. For example, goldsmiths had more prestige than shoemakers. Many trades, such as butchers, tanners, shoemakers, tailors, and others were organized into guilds, which were in charge of training apprentices and regulating a trade's practice in an area.  
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==Online Resources==
*'''1875''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-20236/norway-1875-sailors-seamen-census?s=275764761 Norway, 1875 Sailors and Seamen Census] at MyHeritage — index & images ($)
 
==Introduction==
Occupations were a measure of social status. Some trades were viewed as more prestigious than others. For example, goldsmiths had more prestige than shoemakers. Many trades, such as butchers, tanners, shoemakers, tailors, and others were organized into guilds, which were in charge of training apprentices and regulating a trade's practice in an area.  
Guilds were usually established in each city. Guild records include lists of members, information on journeymen practicing in the town, marriages of journeymen, and advancements from the rank of apprentice to journeyman and from journeyman to master craftsman. In addition, contracts between masters and parents of apprentices may be included.  
Guilds were usually established in each city. Guild records include lists of members, information on journeymen practicing in the town, marriages of journeymen, and advancements from the rank of apprentice to journeyman and from journeyman to master craftsman. In addition, contracts between masters and parents of apprentices may be included.  


There are records not often used that can be of great help and interest for the researcher, and they are:  
There are records not often used that can be of great help and interest for the researcher, and they are:  


Borgerskap (citizenship) records&nbsp;in Norway<br>A new idea, that resulted in little used record show up in Oslo during the 1300’s. <br>A man could apply for “borgerskap” in a specific city, and if granted would be given certain rights, as well as certain responsibilities. As a “borger” or citizen he would be able to set up shop in town; as a merchant, skipper, master craftsman with apprentices etc.<br>He would also be expected to pay taxes and accept different city assignments from the government.<br>The word “borgerskap” can have many different meanings. In modern times we talk about having citizenship in a country, or the word can refer to a specific social group in society; “borgerskap” versus the working class or nobility.<br>In earlier years the word “borgerskap” describes the judicial relationship a person had with the city he lived in, (“borgerskap” was not made available to women in earlier times). <br>In the 1600’s it became required that the new “borger” swore allegiance to the King and city, and paid a licensing fee. He was then recorded in the city’s “borgerbok”, and given a “borgerbrev” as a proof that he was a “borger”.<br>The eldest known “borgerbok” today is from mid 1551-1751, and is found in Bergen city. <br>The “borgerbøker” can be very helpful to the genealogist, especially during the time period before the parish registers were kept. <br>Information about a person’s name, birth place, address, and farm name if connected to a farm is given. His particular job is also listed. Used with other genealogical records it can be very helpful to researchers, adding information not usually found in church records.<br>
== Borgerskap (citizenship) records in Norway ==
<br>A new idea, that resulted in little used record show up in Oslo during the 1300’s. <br>A man could apply for “borgerskap” in a specific city, and if granted would be given certain rights, as well as certain responsibilities. As a “borger” or citizen he would be able to set up shop in town; as a merchant, skipper, master craftsman with apprentices etc.<br>He would also be expected to pay taxes and accept different city assignments from the government.<br>The word “borgerskap” can have many different meanings. In modern times we talk about having citizenship in a country, or the word can refer to a specific social group in society; “borgerskap” versus the working class or nobility.<br>In earlier years the word “borgerskap” describes the judicial relationship a person had with the city he lived in, (“borgerskap” was not made available to women in earlier times). <br>In the 1600’s it became required that the new “borger” swore allegiance to the King and city, and paid a licensing fee. He was then recorded in the city’s “borgerbok”, and given a “borgerbrev” as a proof that he was a “borger”.<br>The eldest known “borgerbok” today is from mid 1551-1751, and is found in Bergen city. <br>The “borgerbøker” can be very helpful to the genealogist, especially during the time period before the parish registers were kept. <br>Information about a person’s name, birth place, address, and farm name if connected to a farm is given. His particular job is also listed. Used with other genealogical records it can be very helpful to researchers, adding information not usually found in church records.
 
Research use: Tradesmen are often hard to find, trace and identify. These records are very helpful to locate these persons. Pre-1750 records would be of value in cases where other records are not available.
 
Record type: Records of the granting of local citizenship and citizens rights. Local citizenship was necessary to conduct business in most cities.
 
Time period: Mid-1400s to present; most exist from the time of the industrial revolution in the early 1800s.
 
Contents: Name of applicant for citizenship, occupations, age, place of birth, name of sponsor.
 
Location: Regional archives [Statsarkiv].
 
Percentage in FamilySearch Library: It is estimated that about 50% of the pre-1800 have been acquired. Many of the later rolls have also been acquired.
 
Population coverage: 10%.


<br>  
Reliability: Good.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Norway,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1997-1998.</ref>


<br><big>[[Norway Genealogy|'''''Norway''''']] </big>''<big>Occupations</big>''  
<br><big>[[Norway Genealogy|'''''Norway''''']] </big>''<big>Occupations</big>''  
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<br>  
<br>  


|}
 


*[[Norway Occupations:Artisans|Artisans]]  
*[[Norway Occupations:Artisans|Artisans]]  
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{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders"
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders"
|-
|-
| style="background: #f0f0f0" align="center" | '''Norwegian occupations:'''  
| align="center" style="background: #f0f0f0" | '''Norwegian occupations:'''  
| style="background: #f0f0f0" align="center" | '
| align="center" style="background: #f0f0f0" | '
|-
|-
|  
|  
Line 494: Line 525:
|-
|-
| Føderaadsmand, føderaadskone  
| Føderaadsmand, føderaadskone  
|  
| owned the farm before adult children take over
|-
|-
| Førnemde  
| Førnemde  
Line 670: Line 701:
| Husmoder  
| Husmoder  
| house wife
| house wife
|-
|Hustru
|wife
|-
|-
| Høker  
| Høker  
Line 789: Line 823:
=== K  ===
=== K  ===


|
|  
|-  
|-
| Kaarmand | retired man living on his own farm with accommodations and support  
| retired man living on his own farm with accommodations and support
|-  
|-
| Kadet  
| Kadet  
| cadet (army)  
| cadet (army)
|-  
|-
| Kapelan  
| Kapelan  
| curate, cleric who assists the priest, deacon  
| curate, cleric who assists the priest, deacon
|-  
|-
| Kaptein  
| Kaptein  
| captain  
| captain
|-  
|-
| Karetmaker  
| Karetmaker  
| coach builder  
| coach builder
|-  
|-
| Kasserer  
| Kasserer  
| treasurer  
| treasurer
|-  
|-
| Kaveringsmand  
| Kaveringsmand  
| best man  
| best man
|-  
|-
| Kemner
| Kemner  
| town treasurer  
| town treasurer
|-  
|-
| Kgl. Fuldmægtig  
| Kgl. Fuldmægtig  
| royal attorney  
| royal attorney
|-  
|-
| Kongelig fuldmægtig  
| Kongelig fuldmægtig  
| royal attorney  
| royal attorney
|-  
|-
| Kirkesanger  
| Kirkesanger  
| church singer  
| church singer
|-  
|-
| Kirkeverge  
| Kirkeverge  
| church warden  
| church warden
|-  
|-
| Kirurg  
| Kirurg  
| surgeon  
| surgeon
|-  
|-
| Kjelearbeider  
| Kjelearbeider  
| boiler worker  
| boiler worker
|-  
|-
| Kjæreste  
| Kjæreste  
| lover, sweetheart, friend  
| lover, sweetheart, friend
|-  
|-
| Kjøpmand  
| Kjøpmand  
| merchant  
| merchant
|-  
|-
| Kjørekarl  
| Kjørekarl  
| driver of a horse  
| driver of a horse
|-  
|-
| Klokker  
| Klokker  
| bell ringer, parish clerk, sexton  
| bell ringer, parish clerk, sexton
|-  
|-
| Kommune arbeider  
| Kommune arbeider  
| local government worker  
| local government worker
|-  
|-
| Konditor  
| Konditor  
| confectioner  
| confectioner
|-  
|-
| Konduktør  
| Konduktør  
| railway conductor  
| railway conductor
|-  
|-
| Kone  
| Kone  
| wife  
| wife
|-  
|-
| Konsulent  
| Konsulent  
| consultant  
| consultant
|-  
|-
| Kontor betjent  
| Kontor betjent  
| office clerk  
| office clerk
|-  
|-
| Kontorfuldmægtig  
| Kontorfuldmægtig  
| head clerk  
| head clerk
|-  
|-
| Kontormand  
| Kontormand  
| office clerk  
| office clerk
|-  
|-
| Kontrollør  
| Kontrollør  
| inspector, supervisor  
| inspector, supervisor
|-  
|-
| Kranfører  
| Kranfører  
| crane operator  
| crane operator
|-  
|-
| Kreaturstel  
| Kreaturstel  
| cattle herder  
| cattle herder
|-
|-
| Krigsfange  
| Krigsfange  
| prisoner of war  
| prisoner of war
|-  
|-
| Krigsminister  
| Krigsminister  
| minister of war  
| minister of war
|-  
|-
| Kræmmer  
| Kræmmer  
| shopkeeper  
| shopkeeper
|-  
|-
| Krøpling  
| Krøpling  
| cripple  
| cripple
|-  
|-
| Kuldbrenner  
| Kuldbrenner  
| charcoal burner  
| charcoal burner
|-  
|-
| Kuldhugger  
| Kuldhugger  
| coal miner  
| coal miner
|-  
|-
| Kuldhandler  
| Kuldhandler  
| coal dealer  
| coal dealer
|-  
|-
| Kurvmaker  
| Kurvmaker  
| basket maker  
| basket maker
|-  
|-
| Kusk  
| Kusk  
| coachman, teamster  
| coachman, teamster
|-  
|-
| Kvartermester  
| Kvartermester  
| chief petty officer  
| chief petty officer
|-  
|-
| Kystvakt  
| Kystvakt  
| coastguard  
| coastguard
|-  
|-
| Kæmner  
| Kæmner  
| town treasurer  
| town treasurer
|-  
|-
| Kårfolk  
| Kårfolk  
| retired, elderly couple living on their farm and receiving support  
| retired, elderly couple living on their farm and receiving support
|-
|
|-
|-
|  
|  
|-
|
=== L  ===
=== L  ===


Line 1,124: Line 1,157:


|  
|  
|-
|Oberst
|colonel
|-
|-
| Odelsberettiget  
| Odelsberettiget  
Line 1,754: Line 1,790:
|}
|}


Return to [[Norway|Norway Page]]  
Return to [[Norway Genealogy|Norway Page]]  
 
== References  ==


{{reflist}}
[[Category:Norway]]
[[Category:Norway]]
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