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{{Myanmar | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Myanmar | |||
|Name=Myanmar | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Languages | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Myanmar Genealogy|Myanmar]] | | link1=[[Myanmar Genealogy|Myanmar]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
*Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (also called Burma) is a country in Southeast Asia. | *Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (also called Burma) is a country in Southeast Asia. | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language '''Burmese'''], the mother tongue of the Bamar and '''official language of Myanmar''', is related to Tibetan and Chinese | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_language '''Burmese'''], the mother tongue of the Bamar and '''official language of Myanmar''', is related to Tibetan and Chinese. | ||
*Myanmar is home to four major language families: | *Myanmar is home to four major language families: | ||
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages '''Sino-Tibetan''']: These languages are most widely spoken. | **[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages '''Sino-Tibetan''']: These languages are most widely spoken. | ||
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**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages '''Austro-Asiatic'''] | **[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages '''Austro-Asiatic'''] | ||
***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mon_language '''Mon'''] | ***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mon_language '''Mon'''] | ||
***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaung_language '''Palaung'''] | ***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaung_language '''Palaung''']: The Palaung people are divided into Palé, Rumai, and Shwe, and each of whom have their own language. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Palaung language," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaung_language, accessed 11 April 2022.</ref> | ||
***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wa_people '''Wa'''] | ***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wa_people '''Wa'''] | ||
**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages '''Indo-European'''] | **[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages '''Indo-European'''] | ||
***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pali '''Pali'''] | ***[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pali '''Pali''']: Today Pali is studied mainly to gain access to Buddhist scriptures, and is frequently chanted in a ritual context. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Pali Today," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pali#Pali_today, accessed 11 April 2022.</ref> | ||
***English | ***English | ||
*More than a hundred languages are spoken in total. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Myanmar," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar, accessed 9 April 2022.</ref> | *More than a hundred languages are spoken in total. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Myanmar," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar, accessed 9 April 2022.</ref> | ||
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'''Karen''' | '''Karen''' | ||
*[http://www.drumpublications.org/speak/speakkaren1.php Learn To Speak Karen (DrumPublication)] | |||
'''Kachin''' or '''Jingpho''' | '''Kachin''' or '''Jingpho''' | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDu76b8hM2E The Sound of the Jingpho / Kachin language (YouTube)] | |||
'''Chin''' or '''Zo (Zou)''' | '''Chin''' or '''Zo (Zou)''' | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=audepoz8Dzo Learning Zomi language 41- phrases (YouTube)] | |||
'''Chinese''' or '''Hokkien''' | '''Chinese''' or '''Hokkien''' | ||
*[[Chinese Genealogical Word List]] | *[[Chinese Genealogical Word List]] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien#Vocabulary Hokkien Vocabulary (Wikipedia)] | |||
'''Shan''' | '''Shan''' | ||
* Cushing, Josiah Nelson. ''Handbook of the Shan language.'' Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press, 1888. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/13989559 WorldCat]. | |||
'''Mon''' | '''Mon''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/mon.htm Useful phrases in Mon (Omniglot)] | |||
'''Palaung''' | '''Palaung''' | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYRuZkvH_yI The Sound of the Palaung / De'ang language (YouTube)] | |||
'''Wa''' | '''Wa''' | ||
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/numbers/wa.htm Wa Numbers (Omniglot)] | |||
'''Pali''' | '''Pali''' | ||
*[https://www.nku.edu/~kenneyr/Buddhism/glossary.html A Glossary of Pali & Buddhist terms (nku.edu)] | |||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ||
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*[https://glosbe.com/en/my English to Burmese Dictionary (Glosbe)] | *[https://glosbe.com/en/my English to Burmese Dictionary (Glosbe)] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/burmese_dictionary.htm Burmese Dictionary (Lexilogos)] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/burmese_dictionary.htm Burmese Dictionary (Lexilogos)] | ||
*[https://www.evaneos.com/burma/holidays/survival-vocabulary/ The most important vocabulary to know during your trip in Burma (Evaneos)] | |||
'''Karen''' | '''Karen''' | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/bwe English to Karen Dictionary (Glosbe)] | |||
'''Kachin''' or '''Jingpho''' | '''Kachin''' or '''Jingpho''' | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/kac English to Kachin Dictionary (Glosbe)] | *[https://glosbe.com/en/kac English to Kachin Dictionary (Glosbe)] | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ILwpVm9tV0 Kachin - Jinghpaw language & English language (YouTube)] | |||
'''Chin''' or '''Zo (Zou)''' | '''Chin''' or '''Zo (Zou)''' | ||
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'''Palaung''' | '''Palaung''' | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/pce English to Ruching Palaung Dictionary (Glosbe)] | |||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/rbb English to Rumai Palaung Dictionary (Glosbe)] | |||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/pll English to Shwe Palaung Dictionary (Glosbe)] | |||
'''Wa''' | '''Wa''' | ||
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==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
*[https://www.worldnomads.com/explore/southeast-asia/myanmar/useful-burmese-phrases-for-travelers-to-myanmar Useful Burmese Phrases for Travelers to Myanmar (WorldNomads)] | |||
*[https://www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar Myanmar (Britannica)] | |||
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/Myanmar Myanmar (Wikitravel)] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
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