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{{breadcrumb
{{CountrySidebar
|Country=French Polynesia
|Name=French Polynesia
|Type=Topic
|Topic Type=Background
|Background=Languages
|Rating=Standardized
}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[French Polynesia Genealogy|French Polynesia]]
| link1=[[French Polynesia Genealogy|French Polynesia]]
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| link5=[[French Polynesia Languages|Languages]]
| link5=[[French Polynesia Languages|Languages]]
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{{French Polynesia-sidebar}}


==Description==
==Description==
'''French''' is the only official language of French Polynesia. An organic law of 12 April 1996 states that "French is the official language, Tahitian and other Polynesian languages can be used."


At the 2017 census, among the population whose age was 15 and older:
*73.9% French
*20.2% Tahitian
*2.6% Marquesan
*1.2% Austral languages
*1.0% Tuamotuan
*0.6% Chinese dialect (41% of which was Hakka)
*0.4% Other language (more than half of which was English)
*0.2% reported Mangareva language
Also on the 2017 census:
*95.2% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they could speak, read and write French
*1.3% reported that they had no knowledge of French
*86.5% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they had some form of knowledge of at least one Polynesian language
*13.5% reported that they had no knowledge of any of the Polynesian languages <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "French Polynesia Languages," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Polynesia#Languages, accessed 15 June 2021.</ref>


==Word List(s)==
==Word List(s)==
'''French'''
*[[French Genealogical Word List|French Genealogical Word List]]
*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords]
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases at Omniglot]


'''Tahitian'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/tahitian.php Useful Tahitian Phrases at Omniglot]
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/Tahitian_phrasebook Tahitian Phrasebook at Wikitravel]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language#Vocabulary Common Tahitian Words and Phrases at Wikipedia]
{| class="wikitable"
!'''Tahitian'''
!'''English'''
|-
| ''’Ia ora na''
| hello, greetings
|-
| ''haere mai'', ''maeva'', ''mānava''
| welcome
|-
| ''pārahi''
| goodbye
|-
| ''nana''
| bye
|-
| ''’ē''
| yes
|-
| ''’aita''
| no
|-
| ''māuruuru roa''
| thank you very much
|-
| ''māuruuru''
| thanks
|-
| ''e aha te huru?''
| how are you?
|-
| ''maita'i''
| well, good
|-
| ''maita’i roa''
| very good
|-
| ''tāne''
| man
|-
| ''vahine''
| woman
|-
| ''fenua''
| land
|-
| ''ra'i''
| sky
|-
| ''vai''
| water
|-
| ''auahi''
| fire
|-
| ''’amu''
| eat
|-
| ''inu''
| drink
|-
| ''pō''
| night
|-
| ''mahana''
| day/sun
|-
| ''moana''
| ocean, sea
|-
| ''e ua''
| it's raining
|-
| ''ua to’eto’e''
| it's cold
|-
| ''nehenehe''
| beautiful
|-
| ''’ori''
| dance
|-
| ''po’ia''
| hungry
|-
| ''hoa''
| friend
|-
| ''atau''
| right
|-
| ''aui''
| left
|-
| ''ni’a''
| up
|-
| ''raro''
| down
|-
| ''roto''
| in
|-
| ''rāpae''
| out
|-
| ''muri''
| back
|-
| ''ua here au ia ’oe''
| I love you
|-
| ''tumu rā’au''
| tree
|-
| ''a’a''
| root
|-
| ''tumu''
| trunk
|-
| ''’āma'a''
| branch
|-
| ''rau’ere''
| leaf
|-
| ''pa’a''
| rind
|-
| ''mā’a hotu''
| fruit
|-
| ''’ōrapa''
| square
|-
| ''menemene''
| circle
|-
| ''’ōrapa maha roa''
| rectangle
|-
| ''porotoru''
| triangle
|}


==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''French'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia]
The French alphabet is based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, uppercase and lowercase, with five diacritics and two orthographic ligatures.


:{| class="wikitable"
!Letter
!Name
!Phonetic Alphabet
!Diacritics and ligatures
|-
| A || a || /a/ ||Àà, Ââ, Ææ
|-
| B || bé || /be/ ||
|-
| C || cé || /se/ ||Çç
|-
| D || dé || /de/ ||
|-
| E || e || /ə/ ||Éé, Èè, Êê, Ëë
|-
| F || effe || /ɛf/ ||
|-
| G || gé || /ʒe/ ||
|-
| H || ache || /aʃ/ ||
|-
| I || i || /i/ ||Îî, Ïï
|-
| J || ji || /ʒi/ ||
|-
| K || ka || /ka/ ||
|-
| L || elle || /ɛl/ ||
|-
| M || emme || /ɛm/ ||
|-
| N || enne || /ɛn/ ||
|-
| O || o || /o/ ||Ôô, Œœ
|-
| P || pé || /pe/ ||
|-
| Q || qu || /ky/ ||
|-
| R || erre || /ɛʁ/ ||
|-
| S || esse || |/ɛs/ ||
|-
| T || té || /te/ ||
|-
| U || u || /y/ ||Ùù, Ûû, Üü
|-
| V || vé || /ve/ ||
|-
| W || double vé || /dubləve/ ||
|-
| X || ixe || /iks/ ||
|-
| Y || i grec || /iɡʁɛk/ ||Ÿÿ
|-
| Z || zède || /zɛd/ ||
|}
The letters w and k are rarely used except in loanwords and regional words. The phoneme /w/ sound is usually written ou; the /k/ sound is usually written c anywhere but before e, i, y, qu before e, i, y, and sometimes que at the ends of words. However, k is common in the metric prefix kilo- (originally from Greek χίλια ''khilia'' "a thousand"): ''kilogramme, kilomètre, kilowatt, kilohertz,'' etc.
'''Tahitian'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language#Phonology Tahitian Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tahitian.htm Tahitian Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot]


==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''French'''
*[[French Handwriting|French Handwriting]]
*[[French Letter Writing Guide|French Letter Writing Guide]]
*[[France Languages|France Languages]]
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary at Cambridge]
*[https://glosbe.com/fr/en French to English Dictionary at Glosbe]
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary at Lexilogos]


'''Tahitian'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ty English to Tahitian Dictionary at Glosbe]
*[https://www.boraboraislandguide.com/tahitian-language.html Talk the Tahitian Language at BoraboraisLandGuide]


==Additional Resources==
==Additional Resources==
 
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/French_Polynesia French Polynesia at Wikitravel]
*[https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/french_polynesia.htm French Polynesia at NationsOnline]
*[https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/French-Polynesia.html French Polynesia at NationsEncyclopedia]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papeete Papeete at Wikipedia]


==References==
==References==


[[Category:French Polynesia]]
[[Category:French Polynesia]]
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