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{{Denmark | {{CountrySidebar | ||
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|Name=Denmark | |||
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| link1=[[Denmark Genealogy|Denmark]] | | link1=[[Denmark Genealogy|Denmark]] | ||
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===Language Aids=== | ===Language Aids=== | ||
The | The FamilySearch Library has published a Danish-English list of genealogical words. For an extensive word list, [https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/img_auth.php/0/0b/Danish_Genealogical_Word_List_October_2010.pdf click here]. A Danish-English dictionary can also help you in your research. You can find the word list, dictionaries, and similar language aids at many research libraries. | ||
The following are useful dictionaries: | The following are useful dictionaries: | ||
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Jensen, H. Juul. ''Ordbog over det Danske Sprog (Word Book of the Danish Language).'' København: S. L. Møllers Bogtrykkeri, 1975. (FS Library Scand. 403.489 D2280, vols. 1-26.) | Jensen, H. Juul. ''Ordbog over det Danske Sprog (Word Book of the Danish Language).'' København: S. L. Møllers Bogtrykkeri, 1975. (FS Library Scand. 403.489 D2280, vols. 1-26.) | ||
Additional language aids (including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods) are listed in the Place search of the FamilySearch Catalog under DENMARK - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES and in the Subject search under DANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. | Additional language aids (including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods) are listed in the Place search of the FamilySearch Catalog under DENMARK - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES and in the Subject search under DANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. | ||
*[http://www.hist.uib.no/kalkar/ Otto Kalkar: Ordbog til det ældre danske sprog (1300-1700) ] | |||
===Danish Word List=== | ===Danish Word List=== | ||
[https://familysearch.org/wiki/ | [https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/img_auth.php/0/0b/Danish_Genealogical_Word_List_October_2010.pdf This list] contains Danish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Danish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | ||
Danish is a Germanic language like Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic, German, Dutch, and English. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in Denmark in 1953. Most differences between modern and old Danish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list. | Danish is a Germanic language like Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic, German, Dutch, and English. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in Denmark in 1953. Most differences between modern and old Danish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list. | ||
=== | ===Language Characteristics=== | ||
==== | ====Variant Forms of Words==== | ||
In Danish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example: | In Danish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example: | ||
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Regions of southern Denmark north of Germany use a mixture of Danish and German words in census and church records. German letters ä, ö, ü are used instead of the Danish letters ø and å. Common Danish names have German variants: Jørgen is written Jürgen or Jörgen. Census records have the German "ihre Kinder" for their children; German "Tochter" instead of Danish "datter" for daughter. German "Schwester" for sister. German Frau" for wife. If a word doesn't translate from Danish to English, check for translation from German. | Regions of southern Denmark north of Germany use a mixture of Danish and German words in census and church records. German letters ä, ö, ü are used instead of the Danish letters ø and å. Common Danish names have German variants: Jørgen is written Jürgen or Jörgen. Census records have the German "ihre Kinder" for their children; German "Tochter" instead of Danish "datter" for daughter. German "Schwester" for sister. German Frau" for wife. If a word doesn't translate from Danish to English, check for translation from German. | ||
==== | ==== Alphabetical Order ==== | ||
Written Danish has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). These letters are filed after A-Z alphabetically. The letter Å (å) was officially introduced in 1953, so it never appears in older records. Prior to that time it was usually written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Danish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality section of the FamilySearch Catalog use the following alphabetical order: | Written Danish has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). These letters are filed after A-Z alphabetically. The letter Å (å) was officially introduced in 1953, so it never appears in older records. Prior to that time it was usually written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Danish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality section of the FamilySearch Catalog use the following alphabetical order: | ||
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a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å | a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å | ||
==== | ====Spelling==== | ||
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common. | Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common. | ||
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===Additional Resources=== | ===Additional Resources=== | ||
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Danish-English dictionary. Several Danish-English dictionaries are available at the | This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Danish-English dictionary. Several Danish-English dictionaries are available at the FamilySearch Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.81321. | ||
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in | The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in FamilySearch Centers: | ||
Magnussen, Johannes Julius. ''McKay's Modern English-Danish, Danish-English Dictionary''. New York: David McKay, 1957. (FS Library book 439.81321 M275m; film 1,440,033, item 1.) | Magnussen, Johannes Julius. ''McKay's Modern English-Danish, Danish-English Dictionary''. New York: David McKay, 1957. (FS Library book 439.81321 M275m; film 1,440,033, item 1.) | ||
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<br> ''See also '' [[Denmark Parish Register Headings|Parish Register Headings]]. | <br> ''See also '' [[Denmark Parish Register Headings|Parish Register Headings]]. | ||
=== | ===Key Words=== | ||
To find and use specific types of Danish records, you will need to know some key words in Danish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Danish words with the same or similar meanings. | To find and use specific types of Danish records, you will need to know some key words in Danish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Danish words with the same or similar meanings. | ||
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