Afghanistan Languages: Difference between revisions

Afghanistan Languages (view source)

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-''[[Asia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] '''''[[Afghanistan Genealogy|Afghanistan]]'''{{Afghanistan-sidebar}}
+{{CountrySidebar
+|Country=Afghanistan
+|Name=Afghanistan
+|Type=Topic
+|Topic Type=Background
+|Background=Languages
+|Rating=Standardized
+}}{{breadcrumb
+| link1=[[Afghanistan Genealogy|Afghanistan]]
+| link2=
+| link3=
+| link4=
+| link5=[[Afghanistan Languages|Languages]]
+}}
+==Online Resources==
+*[http://thepashto.com/ Pashto online dictionary]
+*[http://www.lexilogos.com/english/pashto_dictionary.htm Pashto Language resources]
+*[http://www.afghan-web.com/language/ Afghanistan Languages (afghan-web)]
+*[https://www.britannica.com/place/Afghanistan Afghanistan (Britannica)]
-*[http://www.afghan-web.com/language/Culture Languages]
-*[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Afghanistan Languages/Ethnologue]
+==Description==
+With upwards of 40 distinct languages, Afghanistan is a linguistically diverse nation.<br>
+The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari '''Dari or Dari Persian '''] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto '''Pashto'''] have official status in Afghanistan and are two of the leading languages in the country. <br>
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari '''Dari or Dari Persian ''']<br>
+** is spoken by 78% as a native language or 2nd language
+** is the most widely understood language as a shared language between multiple ethnic groups in the country<br>
+** has served as a historical Lingua Franca between different linguistic groups in the region<br>
+** is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_languages Irainian Language] <br>
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto '''Pashto''']<br>
+** is spoken by 35%
+** is not multi-ethnic and is not as commonly spoken by non-Pashtuns
+** is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_languages Iranian language] <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Afghanistan," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Afghanistan, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
+Other regional languages are spoken by minority groups across the country. They are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them. These include: <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Afghanistan," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Afghanistan, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek_language '''Uzbek'''] is spoken by 10%
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_language '''Turkmen'''] is spoken by 2%
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochi_language '''Balochi'''] is spoken by 1%
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashayi_languages '''Pashayi'''] is spoken by 1%
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuristani_languages '''Nuristani'''] is spoken by 1%
+English is most spoken as a foreign language. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Afghanistan," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Afghanistan, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
+==Word List(s)==
+'''Dari or Dari Persian '''
+*[[Farsi (Persian) Genealogical Word List|Farsi (Persian) Genealogical Word List]]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/dari.htm Useful phrases in Dari (Omniglot)]
+'''Pashto'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto#Vocabulary Pashto Vocabulary (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/pashto.php Useful phrases in Pashto (Omniglot)]
+==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
+'''Dari or Dari Persian '''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari#Phonology Dari Phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/dari.htm Dari Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+*[https://forvo.com/languages/prs/ Dari pronunciation dictionary (Forvo)]
+'''Pashto'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashto_phonology Pashto phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/pashto.htm Pashto Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+*[https://forvo.com/languages/ps/ Pashto pronunciation dictionary (Forvo)]
+==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
+'''Dari or Dari Persian '''
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/prs English to Dari Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/dari_dictionary.htm Dari dictionary (Lexilogos)]
+*[http://ilanguages.org/dari.php Learn Dari (ilanguages)]
+* Bulkin, Carleton. ''Dari practical dictionary : Dari-English English-Dari.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., 2012. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/858731557 WorldCat].
+'''Pashto'''
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/ps English to Pashto Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/pashto_dictionary.htm Pashto dictionary (Lexilogos)]
+*[http://ilanguages.org/pashto.php Learn Pashto (ilanguages)]
+* Khattak, Niazi. ''The Pashto dictionary : a concise English-Pashto dictionary.'' n.p.: n.p., 2021. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/1268548840 WorldCat].
+* Pimsleur (Firm). ''Conversational Pashto.'' New York: Pimsleur, 2010. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/667693217 WorldCat].
+==Additional Resources==
+* Yarzi, Shawali. ''English, Pashto & Dari dictionary.'' London: Sabawoon Language Services, 2009. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/698134929 WorldCat].
+==References==
+[[Category:Afghanistan]]