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[[Image:Old Spanish Trail map.png|right|400px]] | |||
=== Historical Background === | === Historical Background === | ||
The Old Spanish Trail was an overland pack-train trade route | The Old Spanish Trail was an overland pack-train trade route rather than a pioneer migration trail between Santa Fe, [[New Mexico Genealogy|New Mexico]] and Los Angeles [[California, United States Genealogy|California]] from 1829 to the mid-1850s. Portions of the trail were explored as early as 1776 but left mostly unused. In 1829-1830 the Santa Fe merchant-explorer Anotoni Armijo combined information from several previous explorations and led a group of 60 men and 100 pack animals from Santa Fe to Los Angeles. Indian goods like woolen blankets and basketry were traded for California horses and mules which could be sold in Santa Fe, or (via the [[Santa Fe Trail|Santa Fe Trail]]) in [[Missouri, United States Genealogy|Missouri]]. Later in the history of the trail an extensive Indian slave trade developed which had a significant impact on Indian tribes along the route.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Old Spanish Trail (trade route)" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route)(accessed 21 July 2009), and Lifetime Legacies Productions and San Luis Valley Museum Association, ''History of the Old Spanish Trail'' at http://museumtrail.org/OldSpanishTrail.asp (accessed 29 July 2009).</ref> | ||
Part of the reason the Old Spanish Trail was used was because it linked via the [[Santa Fe Trail|Santa Fe Trail]] to [[Missouri Genealogy|Missouri]] and the [[United States Genealogy|United States]], and via the the [[Camino Real de Tierra Adentro|Camino Real]] to [[Chihuahua Trail|Chihuahua]] and Mexico City in [[Mexico Genealogy|Mexico]]. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Camino_Real_de_Tierra_Adentro (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> | Part of the reason the Old Spanish Trail was used was because it linked via the [[Santa Fe Trail|Santa Fe Trail]] to [[Missouri, United States Genealogy|Missouri]] and the [[United States Genealogy|United States]], and via the the [[Camino Real de Tierra Adentro|Camino Real]] to [[Chihuahua Trail|Chihuahua]] and Mexico City in [[Mexico Genealogy|Mexico]]. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Camino_Real_de_Tierra_Adentro (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> | ||
=== Route === | === Route === | ||
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The opening of easier wagon-friendly routes to the north (Pony Express or Overland Trail) and south (Butterfield Overland Mail) resulted in few Europeans settling along this difficult pack-animal route.<ref>Elizabeth von Till Warren, "The Old Spanish National Historic Trail" in ''Old Spanish Trail Association'' at http://www.oldspanishtrail.org/trail_history.php (accessed 29 July 2009).</ref> However, because of the slave trade along trail the Indian tribes were cautious, hostile, and themselves engaged in slave trading and raids. | The opening of easier wagon-friendly routes to the north (Pony Express or Overland Trail) and south (Butterfield Overland Mail) resulted in few Europeans settling along this difficult pack-animal route.<ref>Elizabeth von Till Warren, "The Old Spanish National Historic Trail" in ''Old Spanish Trail Association'' at http://www.oldspanishtrail.org/trail_history.php (accessed 29 July 2009).</ref> However, because of the slave trade along trail the Indian tribes were cautious, hostile, and themselves engaged in slave trading and raids. | ||
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Many of the settlers along the trail in present-day southern Utah, Nevada, and California arrived via the [[Mormon Trail]] and the [[Mormon Trail to Southern California]] which overlapped the Old Spanish Trail from about Cedar City, Utah to Los Angeles California. | Many of the settlers along the trail in present-day southern Utah, Nevada, and California arrived via the [[Mormon Trail]] and the [[Mormon Trail to Southern California]] which overlapped the Old Spanish Trail from about Cedar City, Utah to Los Angeles California. | ||
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*Lifetime Legacies Productions and San Luis Valley Museum Association, ''[http://museumtrail.org/OldSpanishTrail.asp History of the Old Spanish Trail]'' | *Lifetime Legacies Productions and San Luis Valley Museum Association, ''[http://museumtrail.org/OldSpanishTrail.asp History of the Old Spanish Trail]'' | ||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route) Old Spanish Trail (trade route) - Wikipedia] | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route) Old Spanish Trail (trade route) - Wikipedia] history, route description, register of historic places | ||
*[http://www.oldspanishtrail.org/index.php Old Spanish Trail Association] history, maps, books, merchandise | *[http://www.oldspanishtrail.org/index.php Old Spanish Trail Association] history, maps, books, merchandise | ||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Hunt Jefferson Hunt] in Wikipedia has a history of a discharged soldier who was one of the first to use part of the Old Spanish Trail to travel between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Hunt Jefferson Hunt] in Wikipedia has a history of a discharged soldier who was one of the first to use part of the Old Spanish Trail to travel between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City | ||
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