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<u>'''Начало поиска русских корней'''</u> | |||
This article is intended to provide the background needed to pursue an ancestry that extends back into the Russian Empire. Whether the person searching for their Russian ancestry does the work or has it done, he needs to have a basic understanding of what sources exist and where they are found in order to obtain and evaluate the information. We will look at the historical administrative environment, the archival environment, and the sources. | This article is intended to provide the background needed to pursue an ancestry that extends back into the Russian Empire. Whether the person searching for their Russian ancestry does the work or has it done, he needs to have a basic understanding of what sources exist and where they are found in order to obtain and evaluate the information. We will look at the historical administrative environment, the archival environment, and the sources. | ||
== Localities == | Эта статья рассатривает основы, необходимые для поиска предков, проживавших в прежней Российской Империи. Каждый кто ищет свои российские корни, должен иметь представление о видах существующих источников информации, и о том, где они находятся. Мы рассмотрим историко-административное деление, архивное деление и существующие источники информации. | ||
== Localities Местности == | |||
There are several geographic terms by which the records are organized because they represent the jurisdictions administered by government agencies. Click [[Russia Historical Geography#Localities|here]] for geographic terminology and to learn about various Russian jusrisdictions. | There are several geographic terms by which the records are organized because they represent the jurisdictions administered by government agencies. Click [[Russia Historical Geography#Localities|here]] for geographic terminology and to learn about various Russian jusrisdictions. | ||
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Borders fluctuated greatly along the western edge of the Russian Empire. Click [[Russia Historical Geography#Border_Changes|here]] for the table that identifies some of the more significant changes. | Borders fluctuated greatly along the western edge of the Russian Empire. Click [[Russia Historical Geography#Border_Changes|here]] for the table that identifies some of the more significant changes. | ||
== Gazetteers == | Существуют различные географические термины, по которым созданы записи, поскольку они отражают установленное государством административное деление. Здесь (ссылка в английском тексте) вы сможете увидеть терминалогию местностей и познакомиться с различными российскими делениями. | ||
== Gazetteers Географический справочник == | |||
Small localities like villages belong to larger administrative units or jurisdictions, which in turn belong to other larger jurisdictions. Among other things, gazetteers generally identify such jurisdictions and help us to localize places and often to distinguish between places with the same name. | |||
There are several basic gazetteers that provided place name and jurisdictional information to make sense of these localities. To learn about them, see [[Russia Gazetteers|Gazetteers]]. | There are several basic gazetteers that provided place name and jurisdictional information to make sense of these localities. To learn about them, see [[Russia Gazetteers|Gazetteers]]. | ||
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*Western Ukraine | *Western Ukraine | ||
Небольшие населенные пункты, такие как деревни, принадлежат к другим, более крупным административным единицам. Между прочим, существующие справочники как правило определяют принадлежность этих населенных пунктов и помогают нам локализовать места и зачастую различить места со схожими наименованиями. | |||
Существует несколько основных справочников с указанием наименования населенного пункта и его административной принадлежности. Вы можете узнать об этом по ссылке "Gazetteers" (в английском тексте). | |||
Существуют также другие справочники, специфичные только для определенной местности. Из нижеприведенного списка вы можете найти такие справочники, которые могут пригодиться в Вашем поиске: | |||
*Прибалтика | |||
*Украина | |||
*Западная Украина | |||
The collection of the | == Research Поиск == | ||
The collection of the FamilySearch Library is rapidly increasing for the area once comprised by the Russian Empire. | |||
To research the microfilms, one needs to know some Russian. Other major languages of the records are Polish, German and Latin. With the assistance of gazetteers and other locality aids, one needs to determine the standard spelling of place names, determine the correct place if there are locations with the same name, and learn the intermediate jurisdiction. Once a filmed locality is identified in the catalog, a film can be retrieved from the collection. | To research the microfilms, one needs to know some Russian. Other major languages of the records are Polish, German and Latin. With the assistance of gazetteers and other locality aids, one needs to determine the standard spelling of place names, determine the correct place if there are locations with the same name, and learn the intermediate jurisdiction. Once a filmed locality is identified in the catalog, a film can be retrieved from the collection. | ||
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The majority of these begin in the middle 18th century. Normally, two copies were made, one (a transcript) sent annually to a central ecclesiastical or civil office. The transcript is the copy most likely to have survived the civil disruptions of Russia's past. ''Metriki'' consist of forms filled out annually, filed, and then bound into books. Over time they were filed in any order imaginable. There are gaps in the years indicating that some materials were lost or misplaced. Quite often the records of churches in a district for a single year are bound in the same volume. | The majority of these begin in the middle 18th century. Normally, two copies were made, one (a transcript) sent annually to a central ecclesiastical or civil office. The transcript is the copy most likely to have survived the civil disruptions of Russia's past. ''Metriki'' consist of forms filled out annually, filed, and then bound into books. Over time they were filed in any order imaginable. There are gaps in the years indicating that some materials were lost or misplaced. Quite often the records of churches in a district for a single year are bound in the same volume. | ||
*'''Russian Orthodox Church Records''' Click [ | *'''Russian Orthodox Church Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Russian_Orthodox_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | ||
*'''Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Greek_Catholic_.28Uniate.29_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Roman Catholic Church Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Roman_Catholic_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Lutheran (Evangelical) Church Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Lutheran_.28Evangelical.29_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Old Believer Church Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Old_Believer_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Baptist Church Record''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Baptist_Church_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Muslim Records''' Click [[Russia Church Records#Muslim_Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
*'''Jewish Records''' Click [[Russia Jewish Records|here]] to learn more. | |||
==== Revision Lists/Family Lists (''revizskiye skazki/posemeinye spiski'') ==== | |||
Revision lists are of equal if not greater value than metriki. They identify family groups and residence. They are actually the best place to begin research. Revision lists were kept between 1719-1858 to support a national poll tax. Click [[Russia Taxation|here]] for the list of revisions taken. | |||
==== Civil Registration (''akty grazhdanskovo sostoianiye'') ==== | |||
Civil registration was instituted after the Revolution and established in the cities by 1919, then later in rural localities. Gaps in registration persisted until 1926. Civil registration offices - ZAGS - often have parish registers back to the beginning of the century to supplement the civil registration. These are normally the local copy of the parish register. Under Russian administration, these books are supposed to be transferred to regional archives after 75 years. Click [[Russia Civil Registration|here]] to read more about civil registration. | |||
==== 1897 Census (''perepis 1897'') ==== | |||
The 1897 census was the only universal census in tsarist Russia. The census tabulated information on name, age, sex, relationship, social class, occupation, religion, native tongue, literacy, birthplace, military status, and disabilities. A second copy was made and both copies were forwarded to the provincial census commission. One of these was kept by that commission and the other sent to the Central Census Bureau in St. Petersburg. The St. Petersburg copy is no longer extant but the local copy has survived in some district archives. Click [[Russia Census|here]] to read more about this census. | |||
==== Lineage Books (''rodoslovnye knigi'') ==== | |||
The gentry nobility assembly compiled these books to confirm hereditary status as nobility. Click [[Russia Genealogy#Lineage_Books_.28rodoslovnye_knigi.29|here]] to read more. | |||
==== Resident Books (''obyvalet'skiye/domovye knigi'') ==== | |||
The population was registered at the place of residence. The books identify head of household, family members, ages, religion, occupation, address and former address. Click [[Russia Population|here]] to read more. | |||
==== Directories ==== | |||
Published directories may be helpful. Click [[Russia Directories|here]] to read more. | |||
Hopefully, this basic information provides the background needed to begin Russian research. There are many record peculiarities and possible research strategies. ''Avotaynu'' provides many case studies of those who have succeeded in doing their Russian research which have broader application for all researchers. There is an increasing amount of research assistance and sources on the internet. | |||
[[ru:Как начать поиск русских корней]] | |||
[[Category:Russia]] | [[Category:Russia]] | ||
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