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== '''French Word List'''  ==
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==Introduction==


This list contains French words with their English translations. The words included here are those you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a French-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)  
This list contains French words with their English translations. The words included here are those you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a French-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)  
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French is spoken in France; Quebec and other areas of Canada; Luxembourg; southern Belgium; southwestern Switzerland; northern and central Africa; some islands in the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Caribbean Sea; southeast Asia; and other areas formerly colonized or influenced by the French.  
French is spoken in France; Quebec and other areas of Canada; Luxembourg; southern Belgium; southwestern Switzerland; northern and central Africa; some islands in the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Caribbean Sea; southeast Asia; and other areas formerly colonized or influenced by the French.  
 
Between about 1800 and 1812, French was also used in records of the Rhineland area of Germany, northern Belgium, and the Netherlands. In addition, French is found in some early records of Louisiana and a few other places in the United States. Since about 1680, the grammar, if not the spelling, of official written French has been fairly well standardized throughout the world, even though there are many different forms of spoken French.  
Between about 1800 and 1812, French was also used in records of the Rhineland area of Germany, northern Belgium, and the Netherlands. In addition, French is found in some early records of Louisiana and a few other places in the United States. Since about 1680, the grammar, if not the spelling, of official written French has been fairly well standardized throughout the world, even though there are many different forms of spoken French.  


__TOC__
== Language Characteristics  ==
 
=== Language Characteristics  ===


French words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. Generally, adjectives used to describe feminine words end with e.  
French words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. Generally, adjectives used to describe feminine words end with e.  
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"Le" (masculine form of "the") is used with masculine words. "La" (feminine form of "the") is used with feminine words. But "l’" is used with either if the word begins with a vowel. For example, the word "enfant" means "child" or "infant," either masculine or feminine. But "l’enfant est né" ("the child is born") is used with a male child, and "l’enfant est née" with a female child.  
"Le" (masculine form of "the") is used with masculine words. "La" (feminine form of "the") is used with feminine words. But "l’" is used with either if the word begins with a vowel. For example, the word "enfant" means "child" or "infant," either masculine or feminine. But "l’enfant est né" ("the child is born") is used with a male child, and "l’enfant est née" with a female child.  


Variant Forms of Words <br>In French, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who/whose/whom or marry/marries/married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the standard form of each French word. As you read French records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage.  
'''Variant Forms of Words''' <br>In French, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who/whose/whom or marry/marries/married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the standard form of each French word. As you read French records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage.  


Plural forms of French words are usually created by adding -s or -x to the singular word. Thus "frère" becomes "frères," and "beau" becomes "beaux." The plural of "beau-frère" ("brother-in-law") is "beaux-frères" ("brothers-in-law").  
Plural forms of French words are usually created by adding -s or -x to the singular word. Thus "frère" becomes "frères," and "beau" becomes "beaux." The plural of "beau-frère" ("brother-in-law") is "beaux-frères" ("brothers-in-law").  
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In French there are five diacritical (accent) marks. These are placed over vowels or under the letter -c- to indicate a change in pronunciation. The following diacritical marks are used in French: à, â, é, è, ê, ë, î, ï, ô, ö, û, ù and ç. The -ç- is pronounced as an -s-. These diacritical marks do not affect alphabetical order.  
In French there are five diacritical (accent) marks. These are placed over vowels or under the letter -c- to indicate a change in pronunciation. The following diacritical marks are used in French: à, â, é, è, ê, ë, î, ï, ô, ö, û, ù and ç. The -ç- is pronounced as an -s-. These diacritical marks do not affect alphabetical order.  


Spelling <br>Spelling rules were not fixed in earlier centuries. In French the following spelling variations are common:  
'''Spelling''' <br>Spelling rules were not fixed in earlier centuries. In French the following spelling variations are common:  


==== Variation Example  ====
=== Variation Example  ===


-bv- used for -v-: "février" spelled "febvrier" <br>-c- used for -ss-: "aussi" spelled "auci" <br>-ct- used for -t-: "faites" spelled "faictes" <br>-es- used for -é-: "témoins" spelled "tesmoins" <br>-i- used for -j-: "jour" spelled "iour" <br>-o- used for -ou-: "tournier" spelled "tornier" <br>-os- used for -ô-: "nôtre" spelled "nostre" <br>-sç- used for -s-: "savoir" spelled "sçavoir" <br>-t- used for -tt-: "cette" spelled "cete" <br>-y- used for -i-: "hier" spelled "hyer" <br>-y- used for -ill-: "filleul" spelled "fyeul" <br>-z- used for -s-: "baptisé" spelled "baptizé"  
-bv- used for -v-: "février" spelled "febvrier" <br>-c- used for -ss-: "aussi" spelled "auci" <br>-ct- used for -t-: "faites" spelled "faictes" <br>-es- used for -é-: "témoins" spelled "tesmoins" <br>-i- used for -j-: "jour" spelled "iour" <br>-o- used for -ou-: "tournier" spelled "tornier" <br>-os- used for -ô-: "nôtre" spelled "nostre" <br>-sç- used for -s-: "savoir" spelled "sçavoir" <br>-t- used for -tt-: "cette" spelled "cete" <br>-y- used for -i-: "hier" spelled "hyer" <br>-y- used for -ill-: "filleul" spelled "fyeul" <br>-z- used for -s-: "baptisé" spelled "baptizé"  
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[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  


=== Additional French Language Resources  ===
== Additional French Language Resources  ==


This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, consult a French-English dictionary. You can obtain a French-English dictionary at most public libraries and through many bookstores.  
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, consult a French-English dictionary. You can obtain a French-English dictionary at most public libraries and through many bookstores.  


Several French-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the European collection. Their call numbers begin with {{FHL|443.21|disp=443.21}}.  
Several French-English dictionaries are available at the FamilySearch Library. These are in the European collection. Their call numbers begin with {{FSC|443.21|disp=443.21}}.  


The following dictionary is available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:  
The following dictionary is available on microfilm for use in FamilySearch Centers:  


A. Spiers. The Standard Pronouncing Dictionary of the French and English Languages. New York, NY, USA: Appleton, 1900. (Family History Library book {{FHL|215339|title-id|disp=443.21 Sp44s}}, film {{FHL|215339|title-id|disp=1181694}} item 4.)  
A. Spiers. The Standard Pronouncing Dictionary of the French and English Languages. New York, NY, USA: Appleton, 1900. (FS Library book {{FSC|215339|title-id|disp=443.21 Sp44s}}, film {{FSC|215339|title-id|disp=1181694}} item 4.)  


Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject search of the Family History Library Catalog under FRENCH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES.  
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject search of the FamilySearch Catalog under FRENCH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES.  


A helpful guide for reading genealogical records written in French is:  
A helpful guide for reading genealogical records written in French is:  


French Records Extraction. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, n.d. (Family History Library fiche {{FHL|417661|title-id|disp=6068523}}.) In addition to being a glossary of names and genealogical words, this guide includes examples of French documents and instructions in reading the handwriting.  
[https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/248550-french-records-extraction-an-instructional-guide French Records Extraction]. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, n.d. (FS Library fiche {{FSC|417661|title-id|disp=6068523}}.) In addition to being a glossary of names and genealogical words, this guide includes examples of French documents and instructions in reading the handwriting.


=== Key Words  ===
*[https://script.byu.edu/french-handwriting/introduction '''BYU Script French Tutorials''']
 
== Key Words  ==


To find and use specific types of French records, you will need to know some key words in French. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the French words with the same or similar meanings.  
To find and use specific types of French records, you will need to know some key words in French. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the French words with the same or similar meanings.  
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For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find French words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in French records to indicate marriage.  
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find French words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in French records to indicate marriage.  


English-French <br>banns=publications bans<br>baptism=baptême<br>birth=naissance, né, née<br>burial=sépulture, enterrement, enterré, inhumé, enseveli, funèbre<br>Catholic (Roman)=catholique romaine<br>child=enfant<br>christening=baptême<br>civil=registry registres de l’état civil, mairie, maison communale, hôtel de ville<br>death=décès, mort, expiré, inanimé, défunt<br>father=père
{|
|-
|'''English'''
|'''French'''
|-
|banns
|publications bans
|-
|baptism
|baptême
|-
|birth
|naissance, né, née
|-
|burial
|sépulture, enterrement, enterré, inhumé, enseveli, funèbre
|-
|Catholic (Roman)
|catholique romaine
|-
|child
|enfant
|-
|christening
|baptême
|-
|civil registry
|registres de l’état civil, mairie, maison communale, hôtel de ville
|-
|death
|décès, mort, expiré, inanimé, défunt
|-
|father
|père
|-
|husband
|mari, époux, marié
|-
|index
|index, tables répertoire
|-
|Jewish
|juif, juive, israélite, hébreu
|-
|marriage
|mariage, alliance, unir, épouser
|-
|month
|mois, mensuel
|-
|mother
|mère
|-
|name, given
|prénom, nom de baptême
|-
|name, surname
|nom, nom de famille
|-
|parents
|parents, père et mère
|-
|parish
|paroisse, paroissiaux, paroissiale
|-
|Protestant
|protestant, réformé, huguenot, R.P.R., luthérien, calviniste
|-
|town, village
|ville, village, hameau, commune
|-
|wife
|femme, épouse, mariée
|-
|year
|an, année, annuel<br>  
|}


husband=mari, époux, marié<br>index=index, tables répertoire<br>Jewish=juif, juive, israélite, hébreu<br>marriage=mariage, alliance, unir, épouser<br>month=mois, mensuel<br>mother=mère<br>name, given=prénom, nom de baptême<br>name, surname=nom, nom de famille<br>parents=parents, père et mère<br>parish=paroisse, paroissiaux, paroissiale<br>Protestant=protestant, réformé, huguenot, R.P.R., luthérien, calviniste<br>town, village=ville, village, hameau, commune<br>wife=femme, épouse, mariée<br>year=an, année, annuel<br>
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
== General Word List  ==
 
=== General Word List  ===


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. Words with the same spelling and meaning in English and French, such as "confirmation" or "date," are not included in this list.  
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. Words with the same spelling and meaning in English and French, such as "confirmation" or "date," are not included in this list.  
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[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  


==== A  ====
=== A  ===


<br>à=at, to, in<br>a=has<br>abjurations=renunciations of Protestant faith<br>absolution=absolution, last rites<br>accoucher=give birth<br>accoucheuse=midwife<br>à=cet endroit in this place<br>acheter=to buy<br>acte de baptême=baptismal record<br>acte de décès=death record<br>acte de naissance=birth certificate, record<br>acte de sépulture=burial record<br>adjoint=du maire mayor’s assistant<br>adopté(e)=adopted<br>adultère=adulterer<br>affiché=posted (on door)<br>afficher les bans=post banns<br>âgé(e)=aged<br>ai (ay)=(I) have<br>aïeul=grandfather<br>aïeule=grandmother<br>aîné (l’aîné)=the older, senior<br>ainsi que=as well as<br>à jour=current<br>Algerie=Algeria<br>alité=bedridden<br>allemand(e)=German<br>Allemagne=Germany<br>alliance=marriage<br>alsacien(ne)=Alsatian<br>ami(e)=friend<br>an (année)=year<br>anabaptiste=Mennonite<br>anglais(e)=English<br>anniversaire=anniversary<br>annuaire=directory<br>annuel=annual, yearly<br>août=August<br>apparu=appeared<br>appelé(e)=named<br>apprenti=apprentice<br>approuvé=approved<br>après=after<br>après-midi=afternoon<br>arbre généalogique=family tree, pedigree<br>archives=archive<br>Archives du Royaume=state archives (Belgium)<br>Archives Nationales=state archives (France)<br>a reçu=has received<br>armoiries=coat of arms<br>arpent=acre<br>arpenteur=surveyor<br>arpète=errand boy, apprentice<br>arrière=great (as in great-grandparents)<br>arrondissement=district (administrative division of a French département)<br>attaque=seizure<br>au=at the, in the<br>aubergiste=innkeeper<br>aucun(e)=no, none<br>au=dessus over<br>aujourd’hui=today<br>au même endroit=at the same place<br>auparavant=former<br>aussi=also, as, since<br>autant=as much<br>autorisation=permission<br>autour=around<br>autre=other<br>avant=former, before<br>avant-hier=the day before yesterday<br>avec=with<br>avocat=attorney<br>avoir=to have<br>avons=(we) have<br>avril=April<br>ayant=having<br>
{|
|-
|'''French'''
|'''English'''
|-
|à
|at, to, in
|-
|a
|has
|-
|abjurations
|renunciations of Protestant faith
|-
|absolution
|absolution, last rites
|-
|accoucher
|give birth
|-
|accoucheuse
|midwife
|-
|à cet endroit
|in this place
|-
|acheter
|to buy
|-
|acte de baptême
|baptismal record
|-
|acte de décès
|death record
|-
|acte de naissance
|birth certificate, record
|-
|acte de sépulture
|burial record
|-
|adjoint du maire
|mayor’s assistant
|-
|adopté(e)
|adopted
|-
|adultère
|adulterer
|-
|affiché
|posted (on door)
|-
|afficher les bans
|post banns
|-
|âgé(e)
|aged
|-
|ai (ay)
|(I) have
|-
|aïeul
|grandfather
|-
|aïeule
|grandmother
|-
|aîné (l’aîné)
|the older, senior
|-
|ainsi que
|as well as
|-
|à jour
|current
|-
|Algérie
|Algeria
|-
|alité
|bedridden
|-
|allemand(e)
|German
|-
|Allemagne
|Germany
|-
|alliance
|marriage
|-
|alsacien(ne)
|Alsatian
|-
|ami(e)
|friend
|-
|an (année)
|year
|-
|anabaptiste
|Mennonite
|-
|anglais(e)
|English
|-
|anniversaire
|anniversary
|-
|annuaire
|directory
|-
|annuel
|annual, yearly
|-
|août
|August
|-
|apparu
|appeared
|-
|appelé(e)
|named
|-
|apprenti
|apprentice
|-
|approuvé
|approved
|-
|après
|after
|-
|après-midi
|afternoon
|-
|arbre généalogique
|family tree, pedigree
|-
|archives
|archive
|-
|Archives du Royaume
|state archives (Belgium)
|-
|Archives Nationales
|state archives (France)
|-
|a reçu
|has received
|-
|armoiries
|coat of arms
|-
|arpent
|acre
|-
|arpenteur
|surveyor
|-
|arpète
|errand boy, apprentice
|-
|arrière
|great (as in great-grandparents)
|-
|arrondissement
|district (administrative division of a French département)
|-
|attaque
|seizure
|-
|attestation
|witness or testimony (of a person)
|-
|au
|at the, in the
|-
|aubergiste
|innkeeper
|-
|aucun(e)
|no, none
|-
|au dessus
|over
|-
|aujourd’hui
|today
|-
|au même endroit
|at the same place
|-
|auparavant
|former
|-
|aussi
|also, as, since
|-
|autant
|as much
|-
|autorisation
|permission
|-
|autour
|around
|-
|autre
|other
|-
|avant
|former, before
|-
|avant-hier
|the day before yesterday
|-
|avec
|with
|-
|avocat
|attorney
|-
|avoir
|to have
|-
|avons
|(we) have
|-
|avril
|April
|-
|ayant
|having
|}


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
 
=== B  ===


==== B  ====
{|
|-
|ban (le)
|the territory
|-
|bans
|marriage banns, announcement(s)
|-
|baptême
|baptism
|-
|baptême d’urgence
|emergency baptism
|-
|baptisé
|baptized
|-
|baptisé sous condition
|conditionally baptized
|-
|Baptiste
|Baptist
|-
|bas
|low, lower
|-
|batisseur
|builder
|-
|beau-fils
|son-in-law, stepson
|-
|beau-frère
|brother-in-law, stepbrother
|-
|beau-père
|father-in-law, stepfather
|-
|bêcheur
|field worker
|-
|belge
|Belgian
|-
|belle-fille
|daughter-in-law, stepdaughter
|-
|belle-mère
|mother-in-law, stepmother
|-
|belle-sœur
|sister-in-law, stepsister
|-
|berger
|shepherd
|-
|bien
|well
|-
|biens
|goods, property
|-
|biographie
|biography
|-
|blanc (blanche)
|white
|-
|bon (bonne)
|good
|-
|bonne
|maid, female servant
|-
|boucher
|butcher
|-
|boulanger
|baker
|-
|bourgeois
|citizen, member of the middle class
|-
|bourguignon
|Burgundian
|-
|bouvier
|herdsman, cowherd
|-
|brasseur
|brewer
|-
|brassier
|farmworker, laborer (old word)
|-
|Bretagne [oncle à la mode de Bretagne]
|Brittany [first cousin of one’s parent]
|-
|briquetier
|brick maker
|-
|bru
|daughter-in-law
|-
|bureau
|office
|}


<br>ban (le)=the territory<br>bans=marriage banns, announcement(s)<br>baptême=baptism<br>baptême d’urgence=emergency baptism<br>baptisé=baptized<br>baptisé sous condition=conditionally baptized<br>Baptiste=Baptist<br>bas=low, lower<br>batisseur=builder<br>beau-fils=son-in-law, stepson<br>beau-frère=brother-in-law, stepbrother<br>beau-père=father-in-law, stepfather<br>bêcheur=field worker<br>belge=Belgian<br>belle-fille=daughter-in-law, stepdaughter<br>belle-mère=mother-in-law, stepmother<br>belle-sœur=sister-in-law, stepsister<br>berger=shepherd<br>bien=well<br>biens=goods, property<br>biographie=biography<br>blanc (blanche)=white<br>bon (bonne)=good<br>bonne=maid, female servant<br>boucher=butcher<br>boulanger=baker<br>bourgeois=citizen, member of the middle class<br>bourguignon=Burgundian<br>bouvier=herdsman, cowherd<br>brasseur=brewer<br>brassier=farmworker, laborer (old word)<br>Bretagne=Brittany<br>[oncle à la mode de Bretagne]=[first cousin of one’s parent]<br>briquetier=brick maker<br>bru=daughter-in-law<br>brumaire=See “Months”<br>bureau=office<br>
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
=== C  ===


==== C  ====
{|
|-
|cabaretier
|barkeeper
|-
|canton
|administrative division of an arrondissement (in France), province (in Switzerland), township (in French Canada)
|-
|carte
|map
|-
|catholique romaine
|Roman Catholic
|-
|ce, c’
|it
|-
|ce, cet, cette
|this, that
|-
|céans
|here within
|-
|cejourd’hier
|yesterday
|-
|cejourd’hui
|today
|-
|célèbre
|famous
|-
|célibataire
|bachelor, unmarried, single
|-
|celle
|this one, she
|-
|celle-ci
|the latter (f.)
|-
|celle-là
|the former (f.)
|-
|celui
|this one, he
|-
|celui-ci
|the latter (m.)
|-
|celui-là
|the former (m.)
|-
|cent
|hundred
|-
|centième
|hundredth
|-
|certificat
|certificate
|-
|ceux
|those
|-
|charbonnier
|charcoal burner
|-
|charcutier
|pork merchant
|-
|charretier
|cart or carriage man
|-
|charron
|cartwright, wheelwright
|-
|chasseur
|hunter
|-
|château
|castle
|-
|châtelain
|owner of a castle
|-
|chaudronnier
|cooper, barrel maker
|-
|chez
|at the home of
|-
|chirurgien
|surgeon
|-
|ci-dessous
|below here
|-
|ci-dessus
|above here
|-
|cimetière
|cemetery
|-
|cinq
|five
|-
|cinquante
|fifty
|-
|cinquantième
|fiftieth
|-
|cinquième
|fifth
|-
|citoyen(ne)
|citizen
|-
|clergé
|clergymen
|-
|colline
|hill
|-
|communauté
|community (of goods), religious community
|-
|commune
|town, commune (smallest political division in France)
|-
|communion
|communion
|-
|compagnon
|journeyman, partner
|-
|comparu
|appeared
|-
|comprend
|includes
|-
|comte
|count
|-
|concubine
|concubine
|-
|congestion cérébrale
|stroke
|-
|conjoint
|spouse, assistant
|-
|connaissance
|acquaintance
|-
|conquêt
|goods/property acquired by one spouse to the other during the act of marriage
|-
|conseil d’état civil
|civil registrar’s
|-
|conseiller
|councilor
|-
|consentement
|consent
|-
|contenu
|content
|-
|contractant
|the groom (in a marriage record)
|-
|contractante
|the bride (in a marriage record)
|-
|contrat de mariage
|marriage contract
|-
|contre
|against
|-
|coqueluche
|whooping cough
|-
|cordier
|rope maker
|-
|cordonnier
|shoemaker
|-
|côte
|hill
|-
|couches [morte en couches]
|bed, marital bed [died in childbirth]
|-
|coup de sang
|paralytic stroke
|-
|cour
|court
|-
|courant
|current
|-
|cousin(e)
|cousin
|-
|cousin(e) germain(e)
|first cousin
|-
|couvreur
|roofer
|-
|culte
|religion
|-
|cultivateur
|farmer, cultivator
|-
|curateur
|guardian
|-
|curé
|parish minister, pastor, priest, clergyman
|}


<br>cabaretier=barkeeper<br>canton=administrative division of an arrondissement (in France), province (in Switzerland), township (in French Canada)<br>carte=map<br>catholique romaine=Roman Catholic<br>ce, c’=it<br>ce, cet, cette=this, that<br>céans=here within<br>cejourd’hier=yesterday<br>cejourd’hui=today<br>célèbre=famous<br>célibataire=bachelor, unmarried, single<br>celle=this one, she<br>celle-ci=the latter (f.)<br>celle-là=the former (f.)<br>celui=this one, he<br>celui-ci=the latter (m.)<br>celui-là=the former (m.)<br>cent=hundred<br>centième=hundredth<br>certificat=certificate<br>ceux=those<br>charbonnier=charcoal burner<br>charcutier=pork merchant<br>charretier=cart or carriage man<br>charron=cartwright, wheelwright<br>chasseur=hunter<br>château=castle<br>châtelain=owner of a castle<br>chaudronnier=cooper, barrel maker<br>chez=at the home of<br>chirurgien=surgeon<br>ci-dessous=below here<br>ci-dessus=above here<br>cimetière=cemetery<br>cinq=five<br>cinquante=fifty<br>cinquantième=fiftieth<br>cinquième=fifth<br>citoyen(ne)=citizen<br>clergé=clergymen<br>colline=hill<br>communauté=community (of goods), religious community<br>commune=town, commune (smallest political division in France)<br>communion=communion<br>compagnon=journeyman, partner<br>comparu=appeared<br>comprend=includes<br>comte=count<br>concubine=concubine<br>congestion cérébrale=stroke<br>conjoint=spouse, assistant<br>connaissance=acquaintance<br>conseil d’état civil=civil registrar’s<br>conseiller=councilor<br>consentement=consent<br>contenu=content<br>contractant=the groom (in a marriage record)<br>contractante=the bride (in a marriage record)<br>contrat de mariage=marriage contract<br>contre=against<br>coqueluche=whooping cough<br>cordier=rope maker<br>cordonnier=shoemaker<br>côte=hill<br>couches=bed, marital bed<br>[morte en couches]=[died in childbirth]<br>coup de sang=paralytic stroke<br>cour=court<br>courant=current<br>cousin(e)=cousin<br>cousin(e) germain(e)=first cousin<br>couvreur=roofer<br>culte=religion<br>cultivateur=farmer, cultivator<br>curateur=guardian<br>
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


curé=parish minister, pastor, priest, clergyman<br>
=== D  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|d’
|of
|-
|dame
|lady
|-
|dans
|in
|-
|de
|of, from, out
|-
|décapité
|decapitated
|-
|décédé
|the deceased
|-
|décembre
|December
|-
|décennal(e)
|decennial
|-
|décennie
|decade
|-
|décès
|death, deaths
|-
|déclarant
|informant
|-
|déclaré
|declared, stated
|-
|décrépitude
|old age
|-
|défunt(e)
|deceased
|-
|dehors
|outside
|-
|de la
|of the, some
|-
|demain
|tomorrow
|-
|demeurant
|living at
|-
|demi
|half
|-
|demi frère
|stepbrother, half brother
|-
|demi soeur
|stepsister, half sister
|-
|demoiselle
|Miss (of well-to-do parents, may be a married woman)
|-
|département
|department (French “county” since 1790)
|-
|depuis
|since
|-
|derniers sacrements
|last rites
|-
|des
|of the, some
|-
|desdits
|of the said (pl.)
|-
|dessous
|lower, below
|-
|dessus
|above
|-
|deux
|two
|-
|deuxième
|second
|-
|devant
|in front of
|-
|devenir
|to become
|-
|devoir
|should
|-
|d’hier
|yesterday’s
|-
|dictionnaire
|dictionary
|-
|dictionnaire des communes
|gazetteer
|-
|dimanche
|Sunday
|-
|dîme
|tithing
|-
|diocèse
|diocese
|-
|dispense
|exemption, dispensation
|-
|dit(e) (ditte)
|said, also known as, aforementioned
|-
|divers(e)
|various
|-
|divorcé(e)
|divorced
|-
|dix
|ten
|-
|dix-huit
|eighteen
|-
|dix-huitième
|eighteenth
|-
|dixième
|tenth
|-
|dix-neuf
|nineteen
|-
|dix-neuvième
|nineteenth
|-
|dix-sept
|seventeen
|-
|dix-septième
|seventeenth
|-
|domaine
|estate
|-
|domestique
|servant girl, maid
|-
|domicile
|home, residence, domicile
|-
|donné
|given
|-
|donner
|to give
|-
|dons
|donations
|-
|dont
|of whom, of which
|-
|double
|duplicate record
|-
|douze
|twelve
|-
|douzième
|twelfth
|-
|droguiste
|druggist
|-
|droit(e)
|right
|-
|du
|of the, some
|-
|duc
|duke
|-
|duché
|duchy
|-
|duchesse
|duchess
|-
|durant
|during
|}


==== D  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>d’=of<br>dame=lady<br>dans=in<br>de=of, from, out<br>décapité=decapitated<br>décédé=the deceased<br>décembre=December<br>décennal(e)=decennial<br>décennie=decade<br>décès=death, deaths<br>déclarant=informant<br>déclaré=declared, stated<br>décrépitude=old age<br>défunt(e)=deceased<br>dehors=outside<br>de la=of the, some<br>demain=tomorrow<br>demeurant=living at<br>demi=half<br>demi frère=stepbrother, half brother<br>demi soeur=stepsister, half sister<br>demoiselle=Miss (of well-to-do parents, may be a married woman)<br>département=department (French “county” since 1790)<br>depuis=since<br>derniers sacrements=last rites<br>des=of the, some<br>desdits=of the said (pl.)<br>dessous=lower, below<br>dessus=above<br>deux=two<br>deuxième=second<br>devant=in front of<br>devenir=to become<br>devoir=should<br>d’hier=yesterday’s<br>dictionnaire=dictionary<br>dictionnaire des communes=gazetteer<br>dimanche=Sunday<br>dîme=tithing<br>diocèse=diocese<br>dispense=exemption, dispensation<br>dit(e) (ditte)=said, also known as, aforementioned<br>divers(e)=various<br>divorcé(e)=divorced<br>dix=ten<br>dix-huit=eighteen<br>dix-huitième=eighteenth<br>dixième=tenth<br>dix-neuf=nineteen<br>dix-neuvième=nineteenth<br>dix-sept=seventeen<br>dix-septième=seventeenth<br>domaine=estate<br>domestique=servant girl, maid<br>domicile=home, residence, domicile<br>donné=given<br>donner=to give<br>dons=donations<br>dont=of whom, of which<br>double=duplicate record<br>douze=twelve<br>douzième=twelfth<br>droguiste=druggist<br>droit(e)=right<br>du=of the, some<br>duc=duke<br>duché=duchy<br>duchesse=duchess<br>durant=during<br>
=== E  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
{|
|-
|eaux-et-forêts
|waters and forests, forestry service
|-
|ébéniste
|cabinetmaker, furniture maker
|-
|échevin
|alderman, municipal magistrate
|-
|école
|school
|-
|écolier
|schoolboy/school child
|-
|écrire
|to write
|-
|écrit
|written, document
|-
|écrivain
|scribe, writer
|-
|église
|church
|-
|elle
|she, her
|-
|elles
|they, them (f.)
|-
|émigrant(e)
|emigrant
|-
|émigré(e)
|emigrant
|-
|empêchement
|prevention
|-
|employé(e)
|clerk
|-
|en
|in
|-
|enceinte
|pregnant
|-
|encore
|again
|-
|endroit
|place
|-
|enfant
|baby, child
|-
|enfant exposé
|foundling
|-
|enfant trouvé
|foundling
|-
|enflement
|swelling
|-
|ensemble
|together
|-
|entend
|intends, hears
|-
|enterré(e)
|buried
|-
|enterrement
|burial, interment
|-
|entre
|between, among
|-
|environ
|about, approximately
|-
|épicier
|grocer, spice merchant
|-
|épousailles
|wedding
|-
|épouse
|bride, wife
|-
|époux
|bridegroom, husband
|-
|espagnol(e)
|Spanish
|-
|est
|is, east
|-
|et
|and
|-
|étaient
|were
|-
|était
|was
|-
|étant (estant)
|being
|-
|état
|state
|-
|état
|civil civil registration
|-
|été
|been, summer
|-
|étranger/étrangère
|foreign, foreigner, strange
|-
|être [un être]
|to be [a being]
|-
|évéché
|diocese
|-
|évêque
|bishop
|-
|exécuté
|performed
|-
|expédié(s)
|sent
|-
|extérieur
|outside
|-
|extrait
|extract
|}


==== E  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


eaux-et-forêts=waters and forests, forestry service<br>ébéniste=cabinetmaker, furniture maker<br>échevin=alderman, municipal magistrate<br>école=school<br>écrire=to write<br>écrit=written, document<br>écrivain=scribe, writer<br>église=church<br>elle=she, her<br>elles=they, them (f.)<br>émigrant(e)=emigrant<br>émigré(e)=emigrant<br>empêchement=prevention<br>employé(e)=clerk<br>en=in<br>enceinte=pregnant<br>encore=again<br>endroit=place<br>enfant=baby, child<br>enfant exposé=foundling<br>enfant trouvé=foundling<br>enflement=swelling<br>ensemble=together<br>entend=intends, hears<br>enterré(e) buried<br>enterrement=burial, interment<br>entre=between, among<br>environ=about, approximately<br>épicier=grocer, spice merchant<br>épousailles=wedding<br>épouse=bride, wife<br>époux=bridegroom, husband<br>espagnol(e)=Spanish<br>est=is, east<br>et=and<br>étaient=were<br>était=was<br>étant (estant)=being<br>état=state<br>état=civil civil registration<br>été=been, summer<br>étranger/étrangère=foreign, foreigner, strange<br>être=to be<br>[un être]=[a being]<br>évéché=diocese<br>évêque=bishop<br>exécuté=performed<br>expédié(s)=sent<br>extérieur=outside<br>extrait=extract<br>
=== F  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
{|
|-
|fabricant de bas
|maker of stockings
|-
|fabricant de savon
|maker of soap
|-
|facteur
|postman, mailman
|-
|facture
|account, bill
|-
|faiblesse
|weakness
|-
|fait(e)
|made, done
|-
|famille
|family, relative(s)
|-
|féminin(e)
|female
|-
|femme
|wife, woman
|-
|ferblantier
|tin man, tinsmith
|-
|fermier
|farmer
|-
|fête
|holiday, feast
|-
|feu(e)
|deceased, the late
|-
|feuille
|folio, leaf, page
|-
|février
|February
|-
|fiançailles
|engagement
|-
|fiançé
|betrothed, engaged, fiancé (m.)
|-
|fiançée
|betrothed, engaged, fiancée (f.)
|-
|fiancer
|to become engaged
|-
|fichier
|card index
|-
|fièvre
|fever
|-
|fileuse
|spinster
|-
|fille
|daughter, girl
|-
|fille de mauvaise vie
|prostitute
|-
|fils
|son
|-
|fonction [faisant les fonctions]
|duty, occupation, function [doing the functions (occupation), serving as]
|-
|fonts
|(baptismal) font
|-
|forestier
|forester
|-
|forêt
|forest
|-
|forgeron
|smith
|-
|forteresse
|fortress
|-
|frais
|fee
|-
|français(e)
|French
|-
|franc-tenancier
|freeholder, yeoman
|-
|frère
|brother
|-
|frère consanguin
|brother by the same father but different mother
|-
|frère germain
|brother by the same mother and father
|-
|frère utérin
|brother by the same mother but different father
|-
|fromager
|cheese merchant or maker
|-
|frontière
|border
|-
|funèbre
|funeral
|-
|furent
|were
|-
|fut
|was
|-
|futur, fiancé
|the intended groom
|-
|future, fiancée
|the intended bride
|}


==== F  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>fabricant de bas=maker of stockings<br>fabricant de savon=maker of soap<br>facteur=postman, mailman<br>facture=account, bill<br>faiblesse=weakness<br>fait(e)=made, done<br>famille=family, relative(s)<br>féminin(e)=female<br>femme=wife, woman<br>ferblantier=tin man, tinsmith<br>fermier=farmer<br>fête=holiday, feast<br>feu(e)=deceased, the late<br>feuille=folio, leaf, page<br>février=February<br>fiançailles=engagement<br>fiançé=betrothed, engaged, fiancé (m.)<br>fiançée=betrothed, engaged, fiancée (f.)<br>fiancer=to become engaged<br>fichier=card index<br>fièvre=fever<br>fileuse=spinster<br>fille=daughter, girl<br>fille de mauvaise vie=prostitute<br>fils=son<br>floréal=See “Months”<br>fonction=duty, occupation, function<br>[faisant les fonctions]=[doing the functions (occupation), serving as]<br>fonts=(baptismal) font<br>forestier=forester<br>forêt=forest<br>forgeron=smith<br>forteresse=fortress<br>frais=fee<br>français(e)=French<br>franc-tenancier=freeholder, yeoman<br>frère=brother<br>frère consanguin=brother by the same father but different mother<br>frère germain=brother by the same mother and father<br>frère utérin=brother by the same mother but different father<br>frimaire=See “Months”<br>fromager=cheese merchant or maker<br>frontière=border<br>fructidor=See “Months”<br>funèbre=funeral<br>furent=were<br>fut=was<br>futur, fiancé=the intended groom<br>future, fiancée=the intended bride<br>
=== G  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|garçon
|boy, unmarried young man
|-
|garde champêtre
|field guard
|-
|garde
|forestier forest guard
|-
|gardien
|herdsman
|-
|gauche
|left
|-
|gendarme
|policeman
|-
|gendre
|son-in-law
|-
|généalogique
|genealogical
|-
|géomètre
|surveyor
|-
|germinal
|See “Months”
|-
|goutte
|gout
|-
|grand(e)
|large, great, tall
|-
|grandmère
|grandmother
|-
|grandparents
|grandparents
|-
|grandpère
|grandfather
|-
|greffier
|clerk of the court, registrar
|}


==== G  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>garçon=boy, unmarried young man<br>garde champêtre=field guard<br>garde=forestier forest guard<br>gardien=herdsman<br>gauche=left<br>gendarme=policeman<br>gendre=son-in-law<br>généalogique=genealogical<br>géomètre=surveyor<br>germinal=See “Months”<br>goutte=gout<br>grand(e)=large, great, tall<br>grandmère=grandmother<br>grandparents=grandparents<br>grandpère=grandfather<br>greffier=clerk of the court, registrar
=== H  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|habitant
|residing
|-
|habitation
|residence
|-
|habiter
|to inhabit
|-
|haut
|high, upper
|-
|hectare
|acre
|-
|héraldique
|heraldry
|-
|héritage
|inheritance
|-
|heure
|hour, time
|-
|hier
|yesterday
|-
|histoire
|story, history
|-
|hollandais(e)
|Dutch
|-
|homme
|man
|-
|homme de main
|day worker
|-
|honnête
|honest
|-
|horloger
|clock merchant or maker
|-
|houilleur
|coal miner
|-
|huguenot(te)
|Huguenot
|-
|huissier
|usher, doorman
|-
|huit
|eight
|-
|huitante
|eighty
|-
|huitantième
|eightieth
|-
|huitième
|eighth
|-
|hydropisie
|dropsy, edema
|}


==== H  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>habitant=residing<br>habitation=residence<br>habiter=to inhabit<br>haut=high, upper<br>hectare=acre<br>héraldique=heraldry<br>héritage=inheritance<br>heure=hour, time<br>hier=yesterday<br>histoire=story, history<br>hollandais(e)=Dutch<br>homme=man<br>homme de main=day worker<br>honnête=honest<br>horloger=clock merchant or maker<br>houilleur=coal miner<br>huguenot(te)=Huguenot<br>huissier=usher, doorman<br>huit=eight<br>huitante=eighty<br>huitantième=eightieth<br>huitième=eighth<br>hydropisie=dropsy, edema
=== I  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|icelle
|this one (f.)
|-
|icelui
|this one (m.)
|-
|ici
|here
|-
|id. (Latin)
|the same
|-
|identique
|same, alike, similar
|-
|il
|he
|-
|illégitime
|illegitimate
|-
|immigrant(e)
|immigrant
|-
|imposé
|imposed, gave
|-
|impôts
|taxation
|-
|inconnu(e)
|unknown
|-
|inférieur(e)
|lower
|-
|instituteur
|schoolteacher (m.)
|-
|institutrice
|schoolteacher (f.)
|-
|intérieur
|inside
|-
|interpellé
|interviewed
|-
|inventaire
|après décès inventory after death
|-
|italien(ne)
|Italiann
|}  


==== I  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>icelle=this one (f.)<br>icelui=this one (m.)<br>ici=here<br>id. (Latin)=the same<br>identique=same, alike, similar<br>il=he<br>illégitime=illegitimate<br>immigrant(e)=immigrant<br>imposé=imposed, gave<br>impôts=taxation<br>inconnu(e)=unknown<br>inférieur(e)=lower<br>instituteur=schoolteacher (m.)<br>institutrice=schoolteacher (f.)<br>intérieur=inside<br>inventaire=après décès inventory after death<br>italien(ne)=Italiann
=== J  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|jamais
|never
|-
|janvier
|January
|-
|jardinier
|gardener
|-
|je
|I
|-
|jeudi
|Thursday
|-
|jeune
|young, the younger, junior
|-
|jeûne
|fasting, fast day
|-
|jour
|day
|-
|jour de baptême
|day of baptism
|-
|jour d’hier, le
|yesterday
|-
|journalier
|day laborer, farmworker
|-
|jour
|suivant the following day
|-
|juge
|judge
|-
|Juif
|Jewish, Jew
|-
|juillet
|July
|-
|juin
|June
|-
|Juive
|Jewish, Jewess
|-
|jumeaux
|twins (male, or male and female)
|-
|jumelles
|twins (female)
|-
|juré
|juryman
|}


==== J  ====
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<br>jamais=never<br>janvier=January<br>jardinier=gardener<br>je=I<br>jeudi=Thursday<br>jeune=young, the younger, junior<br>jeûne=fasting, fast day<br>jour=day<br>jour de baptême=day of baptism<br>jour d’hier, le=yesterday<br>journalier=day laborer, farmworker<br>jour=suivant the following day<br>juge=judge<br>Juif=Jewish, Jew<br>juillet=July<br>juin=June<br>Juive=Jewish, Jewess<br>jumeaux=twins (male, or male and female)<br>jumelles=twins (female)<br>juré=juryman
=== K  ===
<br>
{|
|-
|kilomètre
|kilometer
|}
<br>
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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
=== L  ===


==== K  ====
{|
|-
|l’
|the (m. and f.)
|-
|la
|the (f.)
|-
|là
|there
|-
|laboureur
|plowman, farmer (man with team and plow)
|-
|lac
|lake
|-
|laisser
|let, leave, allow
|-
|laquelle
|which (f.)
|-
|le
|the (m.)
|-
|lecture
|reading
|-
|légal(e)
|legal
|-
|légitime
|legitimate
|-
|lendemain
|following day
|-
|lequel
|which (m.)
|-
|les
|the (plural)
|-
|lesquels
|which (plural)
|-
|leur
|their, to them
|-
|lieu
|place
|-
|livre
|book
|-
|livret de famille
|family register
|-
|loi
|law
|-
|lui
|him, to him
|-
|lundi
|Monday
|-
|luxembourgeois(e)
|Luxembourger
|}


<br>kilomètre=kilometer
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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
=== M  ===


==== L  ====
{|
|-
|M.
|sir, Mr.
|-
|maçon
|mason, bricklayer
|-
|Madame
|Mrs.
|-
|Mademoiselle
|unmarried woman, Miss
|-
|magister
|village schoolmaster
|-
|mai
|May
|-
|main levée [à main levée,
donner main lévee]
|show of hand [by show of hand i.e. with
the approval of someone; to give a show


<br>l’=the (m. and f.)<br>la=the (f.)<br>là=there<br>laboureur=plowman, farmer (man with team and plow)<br>lac=lake<br>laisser=let, leave, allow<br>laquelle=which (f.)<br>le=the (m.)<br>lecture=reading<br>légal(e)=legal<br>légitime=legitimate<br>lendemain=following day<br>lequel=which (m.)<br>les=the (plural)<br>lesquels=which (plural)<br>leur=their, to them<br>lieu=place<br>livre=book<br>livret de famille=family register<br>loi=law<br>lui=him, to him<br>lundi=Monday<br>luxembourgeois(e)=Luxembourger
of hand i.e. to give approval]
|-
|maire
|mayor
|-
|mairie
|town hall
|-
|mais
|but
|-
|maison [maison communale]
|house [town hall]
|-
|maître
|master
|-
|maître
|d’école schoolteacher
|-
|majeur
|of legal age, older
|-
|majorité
|legal age, majority
|-
|maladie
|disease, sickness
|-
|maraîcher
|market gardener
|-
|marchand
|merchant
|-
|marchant
|trader, merchant
|-
|marché
|market
|-
|mardi
|Tuesday
|-
|maréchal ferrant
|blacksmith
|-
|mari
|husband
|-
|mariage
|marriage, wedding
|-
|marié
|groom, husband, married (m.)
|-
|mariée
|bride, wife, married (f.)
|-
|marier (se marier)
|to get married
|-
|mariés
|the married ones
|-
|marin
|sailor
|-
|marocain(e)
|Moroccan
|-
|marraine
|godmother
|-
|mars
|March
|-
|masculin
|male, masculine
|-
|matin
|early (a.m.), morning
|-
|mégisseur
|tanner
|-
|membre
|member
|-
|même
|the same, even
|-
|mendiant
|beggar
|-
|menuisier
|joiner, carpenter
|-
|mercredi
|Wednesday
|-
|mère
|mother
|-
|mériter
|to be worthy
|-
|messe
|Catholic mass
|-
|métayer
|dairy keeper, cowherd, sharecropper
|-
|métier
|trade, occupation, profession
|-
|métis, métisse
|mixed blood
|-
|meunier
|miller
|-
|midi
|noon
|-
|mil
|thousand
|-
|militaire
|military
|-
|mille
|thousand
|-
|millième
|thousandth
|-
|mineur
|under legal age, younger, minor
|-
|minorité
|under legal age, minority
|-
|minuit
|midnight
|-
|mis(e) en terre
|buried
|-
|Mlle., Mademoiselle
|Miss
|-
|Mme., Madame
|Mrs.
|-
|moi
|me
|-
|mois
|month
|-
|Monsieur
|sir, Mr.
|-
|montagne
|hill, mountain
|-
|mort(e)
|dead, death
|-
|mort
|né stillborn
|-
|moulin
|mill
|-
|mourant
|dying
|-
|mourir
|to die
|-
|moyen(ne)
|middle, median, central
|-
|mulâtre
|mulatto
|-
|muni des sacrements de l’Eglise
|furnished with the (last) rites of the church
|}


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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== M ====
=== N ===


<br>M.=sir, Mr.<br>maçon=mason, bricklayer<br>Madame=Mrs.<br>Mademoiselle=unmarried woman, Miss<br>magister=village schoolmaster<br>mai=May<br>maire=mayor<br>mairie=town hall<br>mais=but<br>maison=house<br>[maison communale]=[town hall]<br>maître=master<br>maître=d’école schoolteacher<br>majeur=of legal age, older<br>majorité=legal age, majority<br>maladie=disease, sickness<br>maraîcher=market gardener<br>marchand=merchant<br>marchant=trader, merchant<br>marché=market<br>mardi=Tuesday<br>maréchal ferrant=blacksmith<br>mari=husband<br>mariage=marriage, wedding<br>marié=groom, husband, married (m.)<br>mariée=bride, wife, married (f.)<br>marier (se marier)=to get married<br>mariés=the married ones<br>marin=sailor<br>marocain(e)=Moroccan<br>marraine=godmother<br>mars=March, Mars<br>masculin=male, masculine<br>matin=early (a.m.), morning<br>mégisseur=tanner<br>membre=member<br>même=the same, even<br>mendiant=beggar<br>menuisier=joiner, carpenter<br>mercredi=Wednesday<br>mère=mother<br>mériter=to be worthy<br>messe=Catholic mass<br>messidor=See “Months”<br>métayer=dairy keeper, cowherd, sharecropper<br>métier=trade, occupation, profession<br>métis, métisse=mixed blood<br>meunier=miller<br>midi=noon<br>mil=thousand<br>militaire=military<br>mille=thousand<br>millième=thousandth<br>mineur=under legal age, younger, minor<br>minorité=under legal age, minority<br>minuit=midnight<br>mis(e) en terre=buried<br>Mlle.=Mademoiselle, Miss<br>Mme.=Madame, Mrs.<br>moi=me<br>mois=month<br>Monsieur=sir, Mr.<br>montagne=hill, mountain<br>mort(e)=dead, death<br>mort=né stillborn<br>moulin=mill<br>mourant=dying<br>mourir=to die<br>moyen(ne)=middle, median, central <br>mulâtre=mulatto<br>muni des sacrements de l’Eglise=furnished with the (last) rites of the church
{|
|-
|naissance
|birth
|-
|naturel
|illegitimate (not always true)
|-
|né(e)
|born
|-
|née
|maiden name
|-
|négociant
|trader, businessman
|-
|neuf
|nine
|-
|neuvième
|ninth
|-
|neveu
|nephew
|-
|ni
|neither, nor
|-
|nièce
|niece
|-
|noble
|nobleman
|-
|noblesse
|nobility
|-
|noces
|wedding
|-
|noir(e)
|black
|-
|nom
|name, surname
|-
|nom
|de famille surname, last name
|-
|nommé(e)
|named, alias
|-
|non
|not
|-
|nonante
|ninety
|-
|nonantième
|ninetieth
|-
|nord
|north
|-
|norman(de)
|Norman
|-
|notaire
|notary
|-
|notes
|remarks
|-
|nôtre (nostre)
|our
|-
|nous
|we, us
|-
|nouveau, nouvelle
|new
|-
|novembre
|November
|-
|noyé(e)
|drowned
|-
|nuit
|night
|-
|numéro
|number
|-
|nuptial(e)
|bridal, pertaining to a wedding
|}


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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== N ====
=== O ===


<br>naissance=birth<br>naturel=illegitimate (not always true)<br>né(e)=born<br>née=maiden name<br>négociant=trader, businessman<br>neuf=nine<br>neuvième=ninth<br>neveu=nephew<br>ni=neither, nor<br>nièce=niece<br>nivôse=See “Months”<br>noble=nobleman<br>noblesse=nobility<br>noces=wedding<br>noir(e)=black<br>nom=name, surname<br>nom=de famille surname, last name<br>nommé(e)=named, alias<br>non=not<br>nonante=ninety<br>nonantième=ninetieth<br>nord=north<br>norman(de)=Norman<br>notaire=notary<br>notes=remarks<br>nôtre (nostre)=our<br>nous=we, us<br>nouveau, nouvelle=new<br>novembre=November<br>noyé(e)=drowned<br>nuit=night<br>numéro=number<br>nuptial(e)=bridal, pertaining to a wedding
{|
|-
|obsèques
|funeral, burial
|-
|octante
|eighty
|-
|octantième
|eightieth
|-
|octobre
|October
|-
|oncle
|uncle
|-
|ondoyé(e)
|baptized provisionally
|-
|ont
|(they) have
|-
|onze
|eleven
|-
|onzième
|eleventh
|-
|orphelin(e)
|orphan
|-
|ou
|or
|-
|où
|where
|-
|ouest
|west
|}


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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}}  


==== O  ====
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>obsèques=funeral, burial<br>octante=eighty<br>octantième=eightieth<br>octobre=October<br>oncle=uncle<br>ondoyé(e)=baptized provisionally<br>ont=(they) have<br>onze=eleven<br>onzième=eleventh<br>orphelin(e)=orphan<br>ou=or<br>où=where<br>ouest=west
=== P  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}}  
{|
|-
|Palatinat
|Palatinate, Pfalz
|-
|par
|by
|-
|pareil(le)
|same, alike, similar
|-
|parent
|parent, relative
|-
|paroisse
|parish (office)
|-
|parrain
|godfather
|-
|part [d’une part] [et d’autre part]
|portion, part [on the one hand] [and on the other hand]
|-
|pas
|not
|-
|pas encore
|not yet
|-
|passé
|past
|-
|pasteur
|pastor
|-
|pâtissier
|pastry maker
|-
|pâtre
|herdsman
|-
|pauvre
|indigent, poor
|-
|pays
|land, country
|-
|paysan(ne)
|small farmer, peasant
|-
|pêcheur
|fisher
|-
|peintre
|painter
|-
|penultième
|day before the last
|-
|percer des dents
|teething
|-
|père
|father
|-
|petit
|small, little
|-
|petite-fille
|granddaughter
|-
|petite
|noblesse gentry
|-
|petit-fils
|grandson
|-
|petit propriétaire
|yeoman
|-
|peuple
|citizens
|-
|peut-être
|maybe, perhaps
|-
|pharmacien
|pharmacist
|-
|pièces
|documents
|-
|pied terrier
|land record
|-
|place
|square, plaza
|-
|plus, en
|besides, in addition to
|-
|plus âgé(e)
|older, elder, oldest, eldest
|-
|plus vieux
|older, elder, oldest, eldest
|-
|policier
|policeman
|-
|pont
|bridge
|-
|population
|population
|-
|porte
|door
|-
|portugais(e)
|Portuguese
|-
|poser
|place, put
|-
|pour
|for
|-
|pourquoi
|why
|-
|précédent(e)
|previous, preceding
|-
|préfet
|prefect (the head of a département in France)
|-
|premier, première
|first
|-
|prénom
|given (first) name
|-
|près
|de next to
|-
|présenté
|presented
|-
|prêtre
|clergyman, priest
|-
|preuve
|proof
|-
|principalité
|principality
|-
|prochain(e)
|following, next, nearest
|-
|proche
|parent close relative
|-
|professeur
|professor, teacher
|-
|propos de, à
|about, concerning
|-
|propriétaire
|owner, proprietor
|-
|protestant
|Protestant
|-
|provincial(e)
|provincial
|-
|prussien(ne)
|Prussian
|-
|publié
|published, announced
|-
|publier
|publish
|}  


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== P ====
=== Q ===


<br>Palatinat=Palatinate, Pfalz<br>par=by<br>pareil(le)=same, alike, similar<br>parent=parent, relative<br>paroisse=parish (office)<br>parrain=godfather<br>part=portion, part<br>[d’une part]=[on the one hand]<br>[et d’autre part]=[and on the other hand]<br>pas=not<br>pas encore=not yet<br>passé=past<br>pasteur=pastor<br>pâtissier=pastry maker<br>pâtre=herdsman<br>pauvre=indigent, poor<br>pays=land, country<br>paysan(ne)=small farmer, peasant<br>pêcheur=fisher<br>peintre=painter<br>penultième=day before the last<br>percer des dents=teething<br>père=father<br>petit=small, little<br>petite-fille=granddaughter<br>petite=noblesse gentry<br>petit-fils=grandson<br>petit propriétaire=yeoman<br>peuple=citizens<br>peut-être=maybe, perhaps<br>pharmacien=pharmacist<br>pièces=documents<br>pied terrier=land record<br>place=place<br>plus, en=besides, in addition to<br>plus=âgé(e) older, elder, oldest, eldest<br>plus=vieux older, elder, oldest, eldest<br>pluviôse=See “Months”<br>policier=policeman<br>pont=bridge<br>population=population<br>porte=door<br>portugais(e)=Portuguese<br>poser=place, put<br>pour=for<br>pourquoi=why<br>prairial=See “Months”<br>précédent(e)=previous, preceding<br>préfet=prefect (the head of a département in France)<br>premier, première=first<br>prénom=given (first) name<br>près=de next to<br>présenté=presented<br>prêtre=clergyman, priest<br>preuve=proof<br>principalité=principality<br>prochain(e)=following, next, nearest<br>proche=parent close relative<br>professeur=professor, teacher<br>propos de, à=about, concerning<br>propriétaire=owner, proprietor<br>protestant=Protestant<br>provincial(e)=provincial<br>prussien(ne)=Prussian<br>publié=published, announced<br>publier=publish
{|
|-
|quand
|when
|-
|quarante
|forty
|-
|quarantième
|fortieth
|-
|quartier
|district or neighborhood in a city
|-
|quatorze
|fourteen
|-
|quatorzième
|fourteenth
|-
|quatre
|four
|-
|quatre-vingt-dix
|ninety
|-
|quatre-vingt-dixième
|ninetieth
|-
|quatre-vingt
|eighty
|-
|quatre-vingtième
|eightieth
|-
|quatrième
|fourth
|-
|que (qu’)
|what, which, that
|-
|qui
|who, whom
|-
|quinze
|fifteen
|-
|quinzième
|fifteenth
|-
|quoi
|what
|}


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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== Q ====
=== R ===


<br>quand=when<br>quarante=forty<br>quarantième=fortieth<br>quartier=district or neighborhood in a city<br>quatorze=fourteen<br>quatorzième=fourteenth<br>quatre=four<br>quatre-vingt-dix=ninety<br>quatre-vingt-dixième=ninetieth<br>quatre-vingt=eighty<br>quatre-vingtième=eightieth<br>quatrième=fourth<br>que (qu’)=what, which, that<br>qui=who, whom<br>quinze=fifteen<br>quinzième=fifteenth<br>quoi=what
{|
|-
|recensement
|census
|-
|recherche
|research
|-
|reconnu
|recognized, acknowledged
|-
|reçu(e)
|received
|-
|réformé(e)
|Reformed/Calvinist
|-
|régisseur
|farm manager, steward
|-
|registre
|register
|-
|registres d’état civil
|registers of births, civil marriages, and deaths
|-
|registres paroissiaux
|parish registers
|-
|reine
|queen
|-
|religion
|religion
|-
|religion prétendue réformé (R.P.R.)
|Reformed Church, Huguenot
|-
|rentier(e)
|retired person living from rents, landlord
|-
|répertoire
|register, index
|-
|répertoire toponymique
|gazetteer
|-
|République Française
|French Republic
|-
|retraité
|formerly employed, retired
|-
|revue
|periodical
|-
|requis
|required
|-
|rien
|nothing
|-
|rivière
|stream, river
|-
|roi (roy)
|king
|-
|rouge
|red
|-
|rougeole
|measles
|-
|royaume
|kingdom
|-
|rue
|street
|-
|russe
|Russian
|}


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{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== R ====
=== S ===


<br>recensement=census<br>recherche=research<br>reconnu=recognized, acknowledged<br>reçu(e)=received<br>réformé(e)=Reformed/Calvinist<br>régisseur=farm manager, steward<br>registre=register<br>registres d’état civil=registers of births, civil marriages, and deaths<br>registres paroissiaux=parish registers<br>reine=queen<br>religion=religion<br>religion prétendue réformé (R.P.R.)=Reformed Church, Huguenot<br>rentier(e)=retired person living from rents, landlord<br>répertoire=register, index<br>répertoire toponymique=gazetteer<br>République Française=French Republic<br>retraité=formerly employed, retired<br>revue=periodical<br>rien=nothing<br>rivière=stream, river<br>roi (roy)=king<br>rouge=red<br>rougeole=measles<br>royaume=kingdom<br>rue=street<br>russe=Russian
{|
|-
|sa
|his, her, its
|-
|sabotier
|wooden-shoe maker
|-
|sacristain
|sacristan, sexton
|-
|sage-femme
|midwife
|-
|saignement
|bleeding
|-
|sain
|sane, healthy
|-
|saints sacrements (d'absolution)
|last rites
|-
|samedi
|Saturday
|-
|sans
|without
|-
|sans vie
|without life, lifeless
|-
|savoir
|to know, namely
|-
|savonnier
|soap merchant, soapmaker
|-
|saxon
|Saxon
|-
|scarlatine
|scarlet fever
|-
|sceau
|seal
|-
|scieur
|sawyer
|-
|Seigneur
|the Lord
|-
|seize
|sixteen
|-
|seizième
|sixteenth
|-
|selon
|according to
|-
|semaine
|week
|-
|sénilité
|old age
|-
|sept
|seven
|-
|septante
|seventy
|-
|septantième
|seventieth
|-
|septembre
|September
|-
|septième
|seventh
|-
|sépulture
|burial
|-
|seront
|(they) will be
|-
|serrurier
|locksmith
|-
|servante
|maid, servant girl
|-
|ses
|his, her, its
|-
|seul(e)
|single, alone
|-
|seulement
|only
|-
|sexe
|sex
|-
|siècle
|century
|-
|signature
|signature
|-
|signé
|signed
|-
|six
|six
|-
|sixième
|sixth
|-
|société
|society
|-
|soeur
|sister
|-
|soeur consanguine
|sister by the same father but different mother
|-
|soeur germaine
|sister by the same mother and father
|-
|soeur utérine
|sister by the same mother but different father
|-
|soir (soirée)
|evening
|-
|soixante
|sixty
|-
|soixante-dix
|seventy
|-
|soixante-dixième
|seventieth
|-
|soixantième
|sixtieth
|-
|soldat
|soldier
|-
|son
|his, her, its
|-
|sont
|are
|-
|sous
|under, low
|-
|soussigné
|the undersigned
|-
|souvent
|often
|-
|statut légal
|status, condition
|-
|statut personnel
|status, condition
|-
|sud
|south
|-
|suisse
|Swiss
|-
|suivant(e)
|next, following, according to
|-
|supérieur(e)
|upper
|-
|sur
|on, above, upon, at
|-
|surlendemain
|two days later
|-
|survivant
|surviving
|-
|sus-dit
|aforementioned
|-
|susnommé
|aforementioned
|}


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== S  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>sa=his, her, its<br>sabotier=wooden-shoe maker<br>sacristain=sacristan, sexton<br>sage-femme=midwife<br>saignement=bleeding<br>sain=sane, healthy<br>saints sacrements (d'absolution)=last rites<br>samedi=Saturday<br>sans=without<br>sans vie=without life, lifeless<br>savoir=to know, namely<br>savonnier=soap merchant, soapmaker<br>saxon=Saxon<br>scarlatine=scarlet fever<br>sceau=seal<br>scieur=sawyer<br>Seigneur=the Lord<br>seize=sixteen<br>seizième=sixteenth<br>selon=according to<br>semaine=week<br>sénilité=old age<br>sept=seven<br>septante=seventy<br>septantième=seventieth<br>septembre=September<br>septième=seventh<br>sépulture=burial<br>seront=(they) will be<br>serrurier=locksmith<br>servante=maid, servant girl<br>ses=his, her, its<br>seul(e)=single, alone<br>seulement=only<br>sexe=sex<br>siècle=century<br>signature=signature<br>signé=signed<br>six=six<br>sixième=sixth<br>société=society<br>soeur=sister<br>soeur consanguine=sister by the same father but different mother<br>soeur germaine=sister by the same mother and father<br>soeur utérine=sister by the same mother but different father<br>soir=(soirée) evening<br>soixante=sixty<br>soixante-dix=seventy<br>soixante-dixième=seventieth<br>soixantième=sixtieth<br>soldat=soldier<br>son=his, her, its<br>sont=are<br>sous=under, low<br>soussigné=the undersigned<br>souvent=often<br>statut légal=status, condition<br>statut personnel=status, condition<br>sud=south<br>suisse=Swiss<br>suivant(e)=next, following, according to<br>supérieur(e)=upper<br>sur=on, above, upon, at<br>surlendemain=two days later<br>survivant=surviving<br>sus-dit=aforementioned<br>susnommé=aforementioned
=== T  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|table
|index
|-
|tables décennales
|ten-year indexes
|-
|tailleur
|cloth maker, draper
|-
|tailleur de pierre
|stonecutter
|-
|tailleur
|d’habits tailor
|-
|tanneur
|tanner
|-
|tant
|as, so much
|-
|tante
|aunt
|-
|tantôt
|afternoon
|-
|tavernier
|tavern owner
|-
|teinturier
|dyer
|-
|témoin
|witness
|-
|temps
|time
|-
|tenir un enfant sur les fonts
|to act as godfather or godmother to a child
|-
|terre
|earth, land
|-
|terres
|estate
|-
|testament
|last will
|-
|tisserand
|weaver
|-
|tisserand de lin
|linen weaver
|-
|tisseur
|weaver
|-
|tome
|volume
|-
|tonnelier
|cooper
|-
|tôt
|early (a.m.)
|-
|toujours
|always
|-
|tournier
|turner, woodworker
|-
|tous
|all
|-
|tous
|les deux both
|-
|toux
|cough
|-
|travailleur
|worker, laborer
|-
|travers, à
|through, across
|-
|treize
|thirteen
|-
|treizième
|thirteenth
|-
|trente
|thirty
|-
|trente-et-un
|thirty-one
|-
|trente-et-unième
|thirty-first
|-
|trentième
|thirtieth
|-
|tribunal
|court
|-
|trois
|three
|-
|troisième
|third
|-
|tuilier
|tile maker
|-
|tumeurv
|tumor
|-
|tuteur
|guardian
|}


==== T  ====
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


<br>table=index<br>tables décennales=ten-year indexes<br>tailleur=cloth maker, draper<br>tailleur de pierre=stonecutter<br>tailleur=d’habits tailor<br>tanneur=tanner<br>tant=as, so much<br>tante=aunt<br>tantôt=afternoon<br>tavernier=tavern owner<br>teinturier=dyer<br>témoin=witness<br>temps=time<br>tenir un enfant sur les fonts=to act as godfather or godmother to a child<br>terre=earth, land<br>terres=estate<br>testament=last will<br>thermidor=See “Months”<br>tisserand=weaver<br>tisserand de lin=linen weaver<br>tisseur=weaver<br>tome=volume<br>tonnelier=cooper<br>tôt=early (a.m.)<br>toujours=always<br>tournier=turner, woodworker<br>tous=all<br>tous=les deux both<br>toux=cough<br>travailleur=worker, laborer<br>travers, à=through, across<br>treize=thirteen<br>treizième=thirteenth<br>trente=thirty<br>trente-et-un=thirty-one<br>trente-et-unième=thirty-first<br>trentième=thirtieth<br>tribunal=court<br>trois=three<br>troisième=third<br>tuilier=tile maker<br>tumeurv=tumor<br>tuteur=guardian
=== U  ===


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
{|
|-
|un, une
|a, an, one
|-
|unième
|first
|-
|unis en mariage
|united in marriage
|}


==== U  ====


<br>un, une a, an, one <br>unième first <br>unis en mariage united in marriage
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}} [[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
=== V  ===


==== V  ====
{|
|-
|valet
|servant
|-
|vallée
|valley
|-
|varie
|various
|-
|variole
|smallpox
|-
|veille
|previous evening or day
|-
|vendeur
|seller, salesman
|-
|vendeuse
|seller, saleslady
|-
|vendredi
|Friday
|-
|vérole
|venereal disease, syphilis
|-
|vérole, petite
|smallpox
|-
|verrier
|glassmaker
|-
|vers
|toward
|-
|vert
|green
|-
|veuf
|widowed, widower
|-
|veuve
|widowed, widow
|-
|vie
|life
|-
|vieillesse
|old age
|-
|vierge
|virgin, unmarried woman
|-
|vieux (vielle)
|old
|-
|vieux garçon
|bachelor
|-
|vigneron
|grape grower
|-
|village
|hamlet, village
|-
|ville
|village or town, city
|-
|vingt
|twenty
|-
|vingt-cinq
|twenty-five
|-
|vingt-cinquième
|twenty-fifth
|-
|vingt-deux
|twenty-two
|-
|vingt-deuxième
|twenty-second
|-
|vingt-et-un
|twenty-one
|-
|vingt-et-unième
|twenty-first
|-
|vingt-huit
|twenty-eight
|-
|vingt-huitième
|twenty-eighth
|-
|vingtième
|twentieth
|-
|vingt-neuf
|twenty-nine
|-
|vingt-neuvième
|twenty-ninth
|-
|vingt-quatre
|twenty-four
|-
|vingt-quatrième
|twenty-fourth
|-
|vingt-sept
|twenty-seven
|-
|vingt-septième
|twenty-seventh
|-
|vingt-six
|twenty-six
|-
|vingt-sixième
|twenty-sixth
|-
|vingt-trois
|twenty-three
|-
|vingt-troisième
|twenty-third
|-
|vivant
|living, lifetime
|-
|vivant, de son
|during his (her) life
|-
|vivre
|to live
|-
|voir
|see
|-
|voisin(e)
|neighbor
|-
|vouloir
|to wish, to want
|}


<br>valet servant <br>vallée valley <br>varie various <br>variole smallpox <br>veille previous evening or day <br>vendémiaire See “Months” <br>vendeur seller, salesman <br>vendeuse seller, saleslady <br>vendredi Friday <br>ventôse See “Months” <br>vérole venereal disease, syphilis <br>vérole, petite smallpox <br>verrier glassmaker <br>vers toward <br>vert green <br>veuf widowed, widower <br>veuve widowed, widow <br>vie life <br>vieillesse old age <br>vierge virgin, unmarried woman <br>vieux (vielle) old <br>vieux garçon bachelor <br>vigneron grape grower <br>village hamlet, village <br>ville village or town, city <br>vingt twenty <br>vingt-cinq twenty-five <br>vingt-cinquième twenty-fifth <br>vingt-deux twenty-two <br>vingt-deuxième twenty-second <br>vingt-et-un twenty-one <br>vingt-et-unième twenty-first <br>vingt-huit twenty-eight <br>vingt-huitième twenty-eighth <br>vingtième twentieth <br>vingt-neuf twenty-nine <br>vingt-neuvième twenty-ninth <br>vingt-quatre twenty-four <br>vingt-quatrième twenty-fourth <br>vingt-sept twenty-seven <br>vingt-septième twenty-seventh <br>vingt-six twenty-six <br>vingt-sixième twenty-sixth <br>vingt-trois twenty-three <br>vingt-troisième twenty-third <br>vivant living, lifetime <br>vivant, de son during his (her) life <br>vivre to live <br>voir see <br>voisin(e) neighbor <br>vouloir to wish, to want


{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}}  
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=|x=|y=|z=}}  


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


=== Numbers  ===
== Numbers  ==


<br>In some genealogical sources, numbers are written out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. Dates are usually written in ordinal form. Ordinal numbers are made by adding ième to the cardinal form of a number. If the number ends in an e, drop the e before adding ième.  
<br>In some genealogical sources, numbers are written out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. Dates are usually written in ordinal form. Ordinal numbers are made by adding ième to the cardinal form of a number. If the number ends in an e, drop the e before adding ième.  


From 60 to 99, the French count by twenties rather than by tens. Thus, 70 in French is sixty-ten, and 71 is sixty-eleven. The number 80 is four-twentie;, 81 is four-twenties-one; 91 is four-twenties-eleven; and so on through 99, which is four-twenties-nineteen. In some areas, however, you will see the older style of 70 (septante), 80 (octante or huitante), and 90 (nonante).  
From 60 to 99, the French count by twenties rather than by tens. Thus, 70 in French is sixty-ten, and 71 is sixty-eleven. The number 80 is four-twenties; 81 is four-twenties-one; 91 is four-twenties-eleven; and so on through 99, which is four-twenties-nineteen. In some areas, however, you will see the older style of 70 (septante), 80 (octante or huitante), and 90 (nonante).  


Cardinal Ordinal <br>1 un 1st premier <br>2 deux 2nd deuxième <br>3 trois 3rd troisième <br>4 quatre 4th quatrième <br>5 cinq 5th cinquième <br>6 six 6th sixième <br>7 sept 7th septième <br>8 huit 8th huitième <br>9 neuf 9th neuvième <br>10 dix 10th dixième <br>11 onze 11th onzième <br>12 douze 12th douzième <br>13 treize 13th treizième <br>14 quatorze 14th quatorzième <br>15 quinze 15th quinzième <br>16 seize 16th seizième <br>17 dix-sept 17th dix-septième <br>18 dix-huit 18th dix-huitième <br>19 dix-neuf 19th dix-neuvième <br>20 vingt 20th vingtième <br>21 vingt-et-un 21st vingt-et-unième <br>22 vingt-deux 22nd vingt-deuxième <br>23 vingt-trois 23rd vingt-troisième <br>24 vingt-quatre 24th vingt-quatrième <br>25 vingt-cinq 25th vingt-cinquième <br>26 vingt-six 26th vingt-sixième <br>27 vingt-sept 27th vingt-septième <br>28 vingt-huit 28th vingt-huitième <br>29 vingt-neuf 29th vingt-neuvième <br>30 trente 30th trentième <br>31 trente-et-un 31st trente-et-unième <br>40 quarante 40th quarantième <br>50 cinquante 50th cinquantième <br>60 soixante 60th soixantième <br>70 soixante-dix, 70th soixante-dixième <br>septante septantième <br>71 soixante-onze, 71st soixante-onzième <br>septante-un septante-et-unième <br>80 quatre-vingt(s) 80th quatre-vingtième <br>octante octantième <br>huitante huitantième <br>90 quatre-vingt-dix 90th quatre-vingt-dixième <br>nonante nonantième <br>99 quatre-vingt-dix- 99th quatre-vingt-dix- <br>neuf, nonante- neuvième, nonante- <br>neuf neuvième <br>100 cent 100th centième <br>1000 mil, mille 1000th millième  
{|
|-
|'''Cardinal'''
|'''Ordinal'''
|-
|1 un
|1st premier
|-
|2 deux
|2nd deuxième
|-
|3 trois
|3rd troisième
|-
|4 quatre
|4th quatrième
|-
|5 cinq
|5th cinquième
|-
|6 six
|6th sixième
|-
|7 sept
|7th septième
|-
|8 huit
|8th huitième
|-
|9 neuf
|9th neuvième
|-
|10 dix
|10th dixième
|-
|11 onze
|11th onzième
|-
|12 douze
|12th douzième
|-
|13 treize
|13th treizième
|-
|14 quatorze
|14th quatorzième
|-
|15 quinze
|15th quinzième
|-
|16 seize
|16th seizième
|-
|17 dix-sept
|17th dix-septième
|-
|18 dix-huit
|18th dix-huitième
|-
|19 dix-neuf
|19th dix-neuvième
|-
|20 vingt
|20th vingtième
|-
|21 vingt-et-un
|21st vingt-et-unième
|-
|22 vingt-deux
|22nd vingt-deuxième
|-
|23 vingt-trois
|23rd vingt-troisième
|-
|24 vingt-quatre
|24th vingt-quatrième
|-
|25 vingt-cinq
|25th vingt-cinquième
|-
|26 vingt-six
|26th vingt-sixième
|-
|27 vingt-sept
|27th vingt-septième
|-
|28 vingt-huit
|28th vingt-huitième
|-
|29 vingt-neuf
|29th vingt-neuvième
|-
|30 trente
|30th trentième
|-
|31 trente-et-un
|31st trente-et-unième
|-
|40 quarante
|40th quarantième
|-
|50 cinquante
|50th cinquantième
|-
|60 soixante
|60th soixantième
|-
|70 soixante-dix, septante
|70th soixante-dixième, septantième
|-
|71 soixante-onze, septante-un
|71st soixante-onzième, septante-et-unième
|-
|80 quatre-vingt(s), octante, huitante
|80th quatre-vingtième, octantième, huitantième
|-
|90 quatre-vingt-dix, nonante
|90th quatre-vingt-dixième, nonantième
|-
|99 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf, nonante-neuf
|99th quatre-vingt-dix-neuvième, nonante-neuvième
|-
|100 cent
|100th centième
|-
|1000 mil, mille
|1000th millième  
|}


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


=== Dates and Time  ===
== Dates and Time  ==


In French records, dates are often written out. For example:  
In French records, dates are often written out. For example:  
Line 225: Line 2,971:
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[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  


==== Months  ====
=== Months  ===
 
{|
<br>English French <br>January janvier <br>February février <br>March mars <br>April avril <br>May mai <br>June juin <br>July juillet <br>August août <br>September septembre, 7bre <br>October octobre, 8bre <br>November novembre, 9bre <br>December décembre, 10bre, Xbre  
|'''English'''
|'''French'''
|-
|January
|janvier
|-
|February
|février
|-
|March
|mars
|-
|April
|avril
|-
|May
|mai
|-
|June
|juin
|-
|July
|juillet
|-
|August
|août
|-
|September
|septembre, 7bre
|-
|October
|octobre, 8bre
|-
|November
|novembre, 9bre
|-
|December
|décembre, 10bre, Xbre
|}


During the years 1792 to 1806, the French used a unique calendar that related to the founding of the French Republic. It included the following months:  
During the years 1792 to 1806, the French used a unique calendar that related to the founding of the French Republic. It included the following months:  


vendémiaire brumaire frimaire <br>nivôse pluviôse ventôse <br>germinal floréal prairial <br>messidor thermidor fructidor  
vendémiaire, brumaire, frimaire, <br>nivôse, pluviôse, ventôse, <br>germinal, floréal, prairial, <br>messidor, thermidor, fructidor.


These month names cannot be translated because they do not correspond to the months we know as January to December. See the [[French Republican Calendar]].  
These month names cannot be translated because they do not correspond to the months we know as January to December. See the [[French Republican Calendar]].  


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]
 
==== Days of the Week  ====


<br>English French <br>Sunday dimanche <br>Monday lundi <br>Tuesday mardi <br>Wednesday mercredi <br>Thursday jeudi <br>Friday vendredi <br>Saturday samedi  
=== Days of the Week  ===
{|
|'''English'''
|'''French'''
|-
|Sunday
|dimanche
|-
|Monday
|lundi
|-
|Tuesday
|mardi
|-
|Wednesday
|mercredi
|-
|Thursday
|jeudi
|-
|Friday
|vendredi
|-
|Saturday
|samedi  
|-
|}


[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  
[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]


==== Times of the Day  ====
=== Times of the Day  ===


<br>In French birth and death records, the registrar often indicated the exact time of day when the birth or death occurred. This is usually written out.  
In French birth and death records, the registrar often indicated the exact time of day when the birth or death occurred. This is usually written out.  


French English <br>à cinq heures at 5 o’clock <br>au matin in the morning <br>au soir in the evening <br>après-demain the day after tomorrow <br>après-midi afternoon <br>avant-veille two days before <br>avant-hier day before yesterday <br>demain tomorrow <br>du matin in the morning, a.m. <br>du soir in the evening, p.m. <br>heure hour <br>hier yesterday <br>hier soir yesterday evening <br>hier au soir yesterday evening <br>jour day <br>lendemain next day <br>matin morning <br>midi noon <br>minuit midnight <br>nuit night <br>soir evening <br>surlendemain two days later <br>veille previous evening  
{|
|'''French'''
|'''English'''
|-
|à cinq heures
|at 5 o’clock
|-
|au matin
|in the morning
|-
|au soir
|in the evening
|-
|après-demain
|the day after tomorrow
|-
|après-midi
|afternoon
|-
|avant-veille
|two days before
|-
|avant-hier
|day before yesterday
|-
|demain
|tomorrow
|-
|du matin
|in the morning, a.m.  
|-
|du soir
|in the evening, p.m.
|-
|heure
|hour
|-
|hier
|yesterday
|-
|hier soir
|yesterday evening  
|-
|hier au soir
|yesterday evening
|-
|jour
|day
|-
|lendemain
|next day
|-
|matin
|morning
|-
|midi
|noon
|-
|minuit
|midnight
|-
|nuit
|night
|-
|soir
|evening
|-
|surlendemain
|two days later
|-
|veille
|previous evening  
|}


France French Genealogical Word List France Paper publication: Second edition 1997. English approval: 4/97.  
France French Genealogical Word List France Paper publication: Second edition 1997. English approval: 4/97.  
Line 253: Line 3,133:
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[[#top|Return to Top of Page]]  


[[Category:France]]
[[Category:France Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Word_List]]
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