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*From 1 August 1855 through 18 April 1890, immigrants arriving in the state of New York came through Castle Garden. Castle Garden processed approximately eight million immigrants, mostly from Germany, Ireland, England, Scotland, Sweden, Italy, Russia and Denmark. During its years of operation, two out of every three immigrants passed through the port Castle Garden. | *From 1 August 1855 through 18 April 1890, immigrants arriving in the state of New York came through Castle Garden. Castle Garden processed approximately eight million immigrants, mostly from Germany, Ireland, England, Scotland, Sweden, Italy, Russia and Denmark. During its years of operation, two out of every three immigrants passed through the port Castle Garden. | ||
*A free online database listing 11 million immigrants from 1820 through 1892 is at www.castlegarden.org sponsored by the New York Battery Conservancy(moved to [https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/expanded-passenger-records-release The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.]). Digital copies of many of the ship manifests can be searched in the New York Passenger Lists, 1851-1891 at Ancestry.com. FamilySearch.org has an index to New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1891. Microfilms of the manifests can also be searched at | *A free online database listing 11 million immigrants from 1820 through 1892 is at www.castlegarden.org sponsored by the New York Battery Conservancy(moved to [https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/expanded-passenger-records-release The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.]). Digital copies of many of the ship manifests can be searched in the New York Passenger Lists, 1851-1891 at Ancestry.com. FamilySearch.org has an index to New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1891. Microfilms of the manifests can also be searched at FamilySearch Centers and the National Archives (NARA). | ||
*After '''''Castle Garden''''' was closed in 1890, immigrants were processed at an old barge office in Manhattan until December 1891. The barge office was used again as a temporary center from June 1897 until December 1900 after a fire destroyed the first Ellis Island immigration center. | *After '''''Castle Garden''''' was closed in 1890, immigrants were processed at an old barge office in Manhattan until December 1891. The barge office was used again as a temporary center from June 1897 until December 1900 after a fire destroyed the first Ellis Island immigration center. | ||
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*In the 1770s''''' redemptioners (the equivalent of indentured servants)''''' from Germany immigrated in one of two ways. One way was for an individual to make arrangements before leaving home to work for an American farmer or tradesman for a certain number of years in return for his passage fare. The other way was for an individual to agree to be sold into servitude by the ship captain in compensation for his passage to America. Most of the redemptioners settled in Pennsylvania. | *In the 1770s''''' redemptioners (the equivalent of indentured servants)''''' from Germany immigrated in one of two ways. One way was for an individual to make arrangements before leaving home to work for an American farmer or tradesman for a certain number of years in return for his passage fare. The other way was for an individual to agree to be sold into servitude by the ship captain in compensation for his passage to America. Most of the redemptioners settled in Pennsylvania. | ||
*A good website to identify indentured servants, convict servants, or redemptioners is the [ | *A good website to identify indentured servants, convict servants, or redemptioners is the [https://immigrant.pricegen.com/search/simple.php Immigrant Servants Database ] sponsored by Price and Associates. | ||
===='''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists:'''==== | ===='''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists:'''==== | ||
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*To find an LDS pioneer immigrant, search the [http://www.lib.byu.edu/mormonmigration Mormon Immigration Index] sponsored by Brigham Young University. To see pictures of the ships LDS pioneers sailed on, go to LDS Emigrant Roster and Voyage History, Crossing the Ocean, 1840-1869 in the FamilySearch catalog while in a | *To find an LDS pioneer immigrant, search the [http://www.lib.byu.edu/mormonmigration Mormon Immigration Index] sponsored by Brigham Young University. To see pictures of the ships LDS pioneers sailed on, go to LDS Emigrant Roster and Voyage History, Crossing the Ocean, 1840-1869 in the FamilySearch catalog while in a FamilySearch Center to view the digitized book Ships, Saints and Mariners: A Maritime Encyclopedia of Mormon Migration, 1830-1890, by Conway B. Sonne. | ||
*[http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/index.faces Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Website]. Information on almost 35,000 slaving voyages from the years 1514 to 1866. | *[http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/index.faces Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Website]. Information on almost 35,000 slaving voyages from the years 1514 to 1866. | ||
*[http://www.theshipslist.com The Ships List]. | *[http://www.theshipslist.com The Ships List]. | ||
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