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===='''Church Records'''==== | ===='''Church Records'''==== | ||
Church records are another source that may lead to information about your ancestor’s birth place. New immigrants generally attended the '''same church in the new country''' that they had in the old country. Church records can be found at FamilySearch | Church records are another source that may lead to information about your ancestor’s birth place. New immigrants generally attended the '''same church in the new country''' that they had in the old country. Church records can be found at FamilySearch and USGenWeb.org. | ||
===='''Relatives'''==== | ===='''Relatives'''==== | ||
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===='''Obituaries and Headstones'''==== | ===='''Obituaries and Headstones'''==== | ||
Obituaries are an excellent source of biographical information about immigrants. In addition to names and death dates, you can learn about '''surviving family members, church affiliations, spouses, parents, occupations, burial places, and hometowns in the old country'''. Even if a place of origin is not given, an obituary may provide additional research clues, such as the date or ship of immigration or traveling companions. Obituaries can be found at Newspaper Archives, Chronicling America, World Vital Records, USGenWeb Archives Obituary Project, Ancestry.com, and Fold3.com. Headstones might have immigration information, also. Headstones can be found at FamilySearch | Obituaries are an excellent source of biographical information about immigrants. In addition to names and death dates, you can learn about '''surviving family members, church affiliations, spouses, parents, occupations, burial places, and hometowns in the old country'''. Even if a place of origin is not given, an obituary may provide additional research clues, such as the date or ship of immigration or traveling companions. Obituaries can be found at Newspaper Archives, Chronicling America, World Vital Records, USGenWeb Archives Obituary Project, Ancestry.com, and Fold3.com. Headstones might have immigration information, also. Headstones can be found at FamilySearch and Ancestry.com. | ||
===='''Vital Records'''==== | ===='''Vital Records'''==== | ||
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*From 1 August 1855 through 18 April 1890, immigrants arriving in the state of New York came through Castle Garden. Castle Garden processed approximately eight million immigrants, mostly from Germany, Ireland, England, Scotland, Sweden, Italy, Russia and Denmark. During its years of operation, two out of every three immigrants passed through the port Castle Garden. | *From 1 August 1855 through 18 April 1890, immigrants arriving in the state of New York came through Castle Garden. Castle Garden processed approximately eight million immigrants, mostly from Germany, Ireland, England, Scotland, Sweden, Italy, Russia and Denmark. During its years of operation, two out of every three immigrants passed through the port Castle Garden. | ||
*A free online database listing 11 million immigrants from 1820 through 1892 is at www.castlegarden.org sponsored by the New York Battery Conservancy(moved to [https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/expanded-passenger-records-release The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.]). Digital copies of many of the ship manifests can be searched in the New York Passenger Lists, 1851-1891 at Ancestry.com. FamilySearch.org has an index to New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1891. Microfilms of the manifests can also be searched at | *A free online database listing 11 million immigrants from 1820 through 1892 is at www.castlegarden.org sponsored by the New York Battery Conservancy(moved to [https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/expanded-passenger-records-release The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.]). Digital copies of many of the ship manifests can be searched in the New York Passenger Lists, 1851-1891 at Ancestry.com. FamilySearch.org has an index to New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1891. Microfilms of the manifests can also be searched at FamilySearch Centers and the National Archives (NARA). | ||
*After '''''Castle Garden''''' was closed in 1890, immigrants were processed at an old barge office in Manhattan until December 1891. The barge office was used again as a temporary center from June 1897 until December 1900 after a fire destroyed the first Ellis Island immigration center. | *After '''''Castle Garden''''' was closed in 1890, immigrants were processed at an old barge office in Manhattan until December 1891. The barge office was used again as a temporary center from June 1897 until December 1900 after a fire destroyed the first Ellis Island immigration center. | ||
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*In the 1770s''''' redemptioners (the equivalent of indentured servants)''''' from Germany immigrated in one of two ways. One way was for an individual to make arrangements before leaving home to work for an American farmer or tradesman for a certain number of years in return for his passage fare. The other way was for an individual to agree to be sold into servitude by the ship captain in compensation for his passage to America. Most of the redemptioners settled in Pennsylvania. | *In the 1770s''''' redemptioners (the equivalent of indentured servants)''''' from Germany immigrated in one of two ways. One way was for an individual to make arrangements before leaving home to work for an American farmer or tradesman for a certain number of years in return for his passage fare. The other way was for an individual to agree to be sold into servitude by the ship captain in compensation for his passage to America. Most of the redemptioners settled in Pennsylvania. | ||
*A good website to identify indentured servants, convict servants, or redemptioners is the [ | *A good website to identify indentured servants, convict servants, or redemptioners is the [https://immigrant.pricegen.com/search/simple.php Immigrant Servants Database ] sponsored by Price and Associates. | ||
===='''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists:'''==== | ===='''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists:'''==== | ||
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'''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists Online:''' | '''Pre-1820 Passenger Lists Online:''' | ||
Some passenger lists for this time period include: | Some passenger lists for this time period include: | ||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=7486 William P. Filby’s Passenger and Immigration Lists Index] is an invaluable resource created by indexing thousands of different records. The original sources that are listed in Filby’s index may be available at the | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=7486 William P. Filby’s Passenger and Immigration Lists Index] is an invaluable resource created by indexing thousands of different records. The original sources that are listed in Filby’s index may be available at the FamilySearch Library (do a catalog search) or at local public or university libraries. | ||
*An excellent source for early passenger lists of immigrants to New England between 1620 and 1640 is [ | *An excellent source for early passenger lists of immigrants to New England between 1620 and 1640 is [https://www.americanancestors.org/browse/publications/ongoing-study-projects/great-migration/about The Great Migration Project, 1620-1640] sponsored by The New England Historical and Genealogical Society (NEHGS). The database is also available at Ancestry.com. | ||
*[http://packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm Pilgrim Ship Lists Early 1600s] sponsored by Packrat Productions includes the names of over 7100 families and 250 ships. | *[http://packrat-pro.com/ships/shiplist.htm Pilgrim Ship Lists Early 1600s] sponsored by Packrat Productions includes the names of over 7100 families and 250 ships. | ||
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==='''1820-1880 Passenger Lists Online:'''=== | ==='''1820-1880 Passenger Lists Online:'''=== | ||
Some passenger lists for this time period include: | Some passenger lists for this time period include: | ||
* | *{{RecordSearch|2110821|United States Famine Irish Passenger Index, 1846-1851}}. Digital images of this database can be found at the [http://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=180&cat=GP44&tf=F&bc=sl National Archives] and at [http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/irish-famine-immigrants-1846-1851 Findmypast.com], ($). | ||
* | *{{RecordSearch|2110801|United States Germans to America Index, 1850-1897}} | ||
* | *{{RecordSearch|2110811|United States Italians to America Index, 1855-1900}} | ||
* | *{{RecordSearch|2110813|United States Russians to America Index, 1834-1897}} | ||
{| style="float:right; | {| style="float:right; | ||
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|{{MormonLDSRemoval}} | |{{MormonLDSRemoval}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
*To find an LDS pioneer immigrant, search the [http://www.lib.byu.edu/mormonmigration Mormon Immigration Index] sponsored by Brigham Young University. To see pictures of the ships LDS pioneers sailed on, go to LDS Emigrant Roster and Voyage History, Crossing the Ocean, 1840-1869 in the FamilySearch catalog while in a | *To find an LDS pioneer immigrant, search the [http://www.lib.byu.edu/mormonmigration Mormon Immigration Index] sponsored by Brigham Young University. To see pictures of the ships LDS pioneers sailed on, go to LDS Emigrant Roster and Voyage History, Crossing the Ocean, 1840-1869 in the FamilySearch catalog while in a FamilySearch Center to view the digitized book Ships, Saints and Mariners: A Maritime Encyclopedia of Mormon Migration, 1830-1890, by Conway B. Sonne. | ||
*[http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/index.faces Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Website]. Information on almost 35,000 slaving voyages from the years 1514 to 1866. | *[http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/index.faces Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Website]. Information on almost 35,000 slaving voyages from the years 1514 to 1866. | ||
*[http://www.theshipslist.com The Ships List]. | *[http://www.theshipslist.com The Ships List]. | ||
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==='''ONLINE IMMIGRATION RECORDS'''=== | ==='''ONLINE IMMIGRATION RECORDS'''=== | ||
*[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/location/1?region=United+States+of+America FamilySearch.org]: Under '''United States Image Only Historical Records''', scroll down to “Migration and Naturalization” and click on the specific record you want to search. This allows you to view browse images as well as indexed images. | *[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/location/1?region=United+States+of+America FamilySearch.org]: Under '''United States Image Only Historical Records''', scroll down to “Migration and Naturalization” and click on the specific record you want to search. This allows you to view browse images as well as indexed images. | ||
*[[United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records|United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records]] | *[[United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records|United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records]] | ||
*See [[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] for more links to passenger lists. | *See [[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] for more links to passenger lists. | ||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/category.aspx?cat=40 Ancestry.com, “IMMIGRATION & TRAVEL” ], ($). Narrow the search by clicking on a specific category, or a featured data collection. Note that there are several articles about finding an immigrant ancestor. | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/category.aspx?cat=40 Ancestry.com, “IMMIGRATION & TRAVEL” ], ($). Narrow the search by clicking on a specific category, or a featured data collection. Note that there are several articles about finding an immigrant ancestor. | ||
*[https://archive.org/search.php?query=Passenger%20Lists Internet Archive, "Passenger Lists"] <br> | *[https://archive.org/search.php?query=Passenger%20Lists Internet Archive, "Passenger Lists"] <br> | ||
*[https://aad.archives.gov/aad/series-list.jsp?cat=GP44 The National Archives, "Passenger Lists"] <br> | *[https://aad.archives.gov/aad/series-list.jsp?cat=GP44 The National Archives, "Passenger Lists"] <br> | ||
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/catalog/category-4000/immigration-travel?s=209190711 MyHeritage.com] has over 164 million names in their more than 50 immigration databases. | *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/catalog/category-4000/immigration-travel?s=209190711 MyHeritage.com] has over 164 million names in their more than 50 immigration databases. | ||
*[http://www.cyndislist.com/ships/ Cyndislist.com, Ships & Passenger Lists] | *[http://www.cyndislist.com/ships/ Cyndislist.com, Ships & Passenger Lists] | ||
*[https://stevemorse.org/ One Step Search by Steve Morse] includes advanced search forms for many popular immigration databases. | |||
*[ | |||
*[http://www.germanroots.com The German Roots website] by Joe Beine offers resources and links to both German and all other immigration resources. | *[http://www.germanroots.com The German Roots website] by Joe Beine offers resources and links to both German and all other immigration resources. | ||
*[http://www.genealogybranches.com/arrivalports.html Tips for Determining Your Ancestor’s Probable Port of Arrival] by Joe Beine. | *[http://www.genealogybranches.com/arrivalports.html Tips for Determining Your Ancestor’s Probable Port of Arrival] by Joe Beine. | ||
*[http://www.genesearch.com/ports.html US Ports of Arrival and their Available Passenger Lists 1820-1957] by Joe Beine. | *[http://www.genesearch.com/ports.html US Ports of Arrival and their Available Passenger Lists 1820-1957] by Joe Beine. | ||
*[http://www.immigrantships.net Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild] has ships passenger lists for a variety of years. | *[http://www.immigrantships.net Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild] has ships passenger lists for a variety of years. | ||
*[http://barbsnow.net/Passenger.htm Your Guide to Finding and Using Passenger Records & Ship Information] by Bobbie's Genealogy Classroom provides instructional information. | *[http://barbsnow.net/Passenger.htm Your Guide to Finding and Using Passenger Records & Ship Information] by Bobbie's Genealogy Classroom provides instructional information. | ||
*[https://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/manifests/ A Guide to Interpreting Passenger List Annotations] by Marian L. Smith. | |||
* [ | |||
==='''OTHER IMMIGRATION RESOURCES'''=== | ==='''OTHER IMMIGRATION RESOURCES'''=== | ||
*[https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bsubject%3AUnited%20%2Bsubject%3AStates%20%2Bsubject%3AEmigration%20%2Bsubject%3Aand%20%2Bsubject%3AImmigration '''Immigration Records on Microfilm''' at the | *[https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&query=%2Bsubject%3AUnited%20%2Bsubject%3AStates%20%2Bsubject%3AEmigration%20%2Bsubject%3Aand%20%2Bsubject%3AImmigration '''Immigration Records on Microfilm''' at the FamilySearch Library] | ||
*[https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/results.html?fq=subjects_en%3A%22Migration%20and%20citizenship%2F%22 '''Learning Videos''', FamilySearch.org] Click on one of 32 videos dealing with immigration. | *[https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/results.html?fq=subjects_en%3A%22Migration%20and%20citizenship%2F%22 '''Learning Videos''', FamilySearch.org] Click on one of 32 videos dealing with immigration. | ||
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*{{RecordSearch|1803785|United States Border Crossings from Canada to United States, 1895-1956}} | *{{RecordSearch|1803785|United States Border Crossings from Canada to United States, 1895-1956}} | ||
*[ | *[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1075/ Border Crossings: From Canada to U.S., 1895-1960] ($) | ||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1070 Detroit Border Crossings and Passenger and Crew Lists, 1905-1963], ($) | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1070 Detroit Border Crossings and Passenger and Crew Lists, 1905-1963], ($) | ||
*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1344 Border Crossings: From U.S. to Canada, 1908-1935] Some records in French.($) | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1344 Border Crossings: From U.S. to Canada, 1908-1935] Some records in French.($) | ||
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==='''EMIGRATION OR DEPARTURE RECORDS:'''=== | ==='''EMIGRATION OR DEPARTURE RECORDS:'''=== | ||
In the 1800s, emigrants left from the major European ports of Liverpool, Le Havre, Bremen, Hamburg, and Antwerp. After 1880 immigrants came through Liverpool, Le Havre, Bremen, Hamburg, Naples, Rotterdam, and Trieste. Although the emigrants may have left through one of these ports, it does not necessarily mean they were from that city as they would travel from their hometown to the port. Some of the ports kept records of those who were leaving the country. Search emigration in the catalog at FamilySearch | In the 1800s, emigrants left from the major European ports of Liverpool, Le Havre, Bremen, Hamburg, and Antwerp. After 1880 immigrants came through Liverpool, Le Havre, Bremen, Hamburg, Naples, Rotterdam, and Trieste. Although the emigrants may have left through one of these ports, it does not necessarily mean they were from that city as they would travel from their hometown to the port. Some of the ports kept records of those who were leaving the country. Search emigration in the catalog at FamilySearch for Baden and Wuerttemberg, Germany, and Sweden for records on microfilm. | ||
===='''Online Emigration or Departure Records:'''==== | ===='''Online Emigration or Departure Records:'''==== | ||
*'''Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934''' (in German) at Ancestry.com includes records of nearly one-third of the people who emigrated from central and Eastern Europe from 1850 to 1934. | *'''Hamburg Passenger Lists, 1850-1934''' (in German) at Ancestry.com includes records of nearly one-third of the people who emigrated from central and Eastern Europe from 1850 to 1934. | ||
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*For lists of passengers leaving from '''UK and Irish ports''' and travelling to the USA, Canada, India, New Zealand and Australia see the Outward Passenger Lists (1890-1960) at Findmypast.com | *For lists of passengers leaving from '''UK and Irish ports''' and travelling to the USA, Canada, India, New Zealand and Australia see the Outward Passenger Lists (1890-1960) at Findmypast.com | ||
*'''Danish Emigration Archives''' has a list of 394,000 emigrants who left Denmark from 1869 to 1908 at [http://www. | *'''Danish Emigration Archives''' has a list of 394,000 emigrants who left Denmark from 1869 to 1908 at [http://www.udvandrerarkivet.dk/forside/ Website]. | ||
*The Immigrant Ancestors Project at''' immigrants.byu.edu/'''search/simple is building a database to identify nineteenth-century European emigration records from mostly English, French, German, and Spanish archives. | *The Immigrant Ancestors Project at''' immigrants.byu.edu/'''search/simple is building a database to identify nineteenth-century European emigration records from mostly English, French, German, and Spanish archives. | ||
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