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| link5=[[Brothertown Indian Nation]]
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Guide to Brothertown Indian Nation ancestry, family history and genealogy:''' birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, parish registers, and military records.
== History  ==
 
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
 
'''Brothertown Indian Nation'''<br>82 S Macy Street / PO Box 2206<br>Fond du Lac WI 54936<br>Phone: 920-929-9964<br>[http://brothertownindians.org/ Website]
 
=== History  ===


==== Brief Timeline  ====
==== Brief Timeline  ====


18th Century: Algonquian Tribes living in the region east of [[Indians of New York|New York]] State, commenced to relocate to north central New York State where they sought refugee among the Algonquin's and Iroquois of that region. Historians claim they were primarily Mohegan and Pequot but also included Algonquian's from the Narragansett, Montauk, Niantic, and Tunxis. Many of them were converts to Christianity which made them alien to the more powerful Algonquin's. Their willingness to accept Christianity was not welcomed by the Algonquin's of New York State. From the late 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, two groups emerged. One were traditional, while the other were more open to contact with the whites. Many of the more open Indians were mixed bloods. The whites often negotiated with them instead of the traditional group. The traditional group merged with the Algonquin's of New York State.
==== Brief History ====
 
Early 19th Century: A period of great unrest corrupted the Brothertown Indians as the whites were forcing their way ever to the west. The two groups of Brothertown Indians became unwilling to cooperate. The traditionalist wanted to follow the Seven Fires Prophecy and migrate to the west away from the whites, while the more open group wanted to remain. Another group emerged from the more open Brothertown Indians. They were largely mixed bloods who favored joining the whites. The Brothertown Indians settled down to live on the New York Iroquois Reservations. Among the [[Iroquois Confederacy|Iroquois]] were many who were also traditionalists as well as those predominantly Algonquin blood.
 
==== Brief History ====
 
1785: The traditionalists commenced to relocate to north central New York State. Among them were many from the more open group. Their presence among the New York State Algonquin's was a bit uneasy. The New York State Algonquin's lived from Niagara Falls, on over to Oneida Lake, and to the north. The region was very dangerous at the time and remained that way until after the War of 1812. During the Revolutionary War on up to the War of 1812, the whites made alliances with the Iroquois and the more open Brothertown Indians. It caused much trouble with the Algonquin's and their Iroquois allies. Many of the Algonquin's, Brothertown Indians, and Iroquois commenced to flee mainly to the north, as well as to the west.
 
1815: The War of 1812 ended. Leaders from the traditionalists merged with the Algonquin's, while the more open group became neutral. Many from the more open group settle down to live on the New York State Iroquois Reservations with the Algonquin's and Iroquois. During the Revolutionary War, many of the New York State Algonquin's, Iroquois, and Brothertown Indians were allowed to relocate to Algonquin land in southern Ontario, by the Algonquin's of that region who are also known as the [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa's]], Mississauga's, [[Ojibwa Indians|Ojibwa's]], Ottawa's,[[Potawatomi Indians|Potawatomi]]'s, Saginaw's, and Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's. The Algonquin's and Brothertown Indians who remained to live on the New York State Iroquois Reservation's were forced to assimilate among the Iroquois.
 
1821: An 860,000 acre Reservation was set aside for the Brothertown Indians and Iroquois, on Algonquin (Menominee) land in [[Indians of Wisconsin|Wisconsin]].
 
1822: Another tract of Algonquin land in eastern Wisconsin, was set aside for the Brothertown and other indigenous people. It covered 6,720,000 acres. The land was located almost along the entire western shore of Lake Michigan. The Algonquin's set aside 153,000 acres for the Brothertown Indians.
 
1830: Migrated from New York settling near Lake Winnebago in Wisconsin


1838: On January 15, 1838 many of the Brothertown traditionalists and their Iroquois allies, signed a treaty with the United States in which many of the New York Reservations which had been set aside years earlier, were eradicated. Several of the Reservations were located within Algonquin (Chippewa) territory, and in the Niagara Falls region. One is known as the Buffalo Creek Reservation. Reservations which were closed: Niagara County Reservation, [[Tuscarora Indian Reservation (New York)|Tuscarora Reservation]], [[Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (New York)|Cattaraugus Reservation]], [[Allegany Indian Reservation (New York)|Allegany Reservation]], and [[Tonawanda Indian Reservation (New York)|Tonawanda Reservation]]. However, the strong Chippewa presence kept the Reservations in place with, however, much of the Reservations lands being lost to the whites.<br> The United States did not want anymore Indians migrating to the west. They knew future trouble would occur. Only the Buffalo Creek Reservation was lost except 9 acres. The 1838 treaty also included the Brothertown Indians and Iroquois of Wisconsin. Many of the New York State and Wisconsin Brothertown Indians, joined with the Chippewa's and Iroquois and migrated to [[Indians of Kansas|Kansas]] and [[Indians of Oklahoma|Oklahoma]], in 1838-1839. Their descendants still live in Kansas and Oklahoma.
1830: migrated from New York settling near Lake Winnebago in Wisconsin


1839: March 3, Brothertown Indians became citizens of the United States  
1839: March 3, Brothertown Indians became citizens of the United States


==== Reservations  ====
==== Reservations  ====


[[Allegany Indian Reservation (New York)|Allegany Reservation of New York]].
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe  ====


Buffalo Creek Reservation of New York.
[http://www.mpm.edu/wirp/ICW-157.html History of the Brotherto<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1264526914765_894" />wn Indians] from the Milwaukee Public Museum


[[Cattaraugus Indian Reservation (New York)|Cattaraugus Reservation of New York]].  
Additional History from [http://home.earthlink.net/~herblst/indians.htm Earthlink] site.  
 
[[St. Regis Indian Reservation (New York)|St. Regis Reservation of New York]].  
 
[[Tonawanda Indian Reservation (New York)|Tonawanda Reservation of New York]].  
 
[[Tuscarora Indian Reservation (New York)|Tuscarora Reservation of New York]].  
 
==== Additional References ====


[http://www.mpm.edu/wirp/ICW-157.html History of the Brothertown Indians] from the Milwaukee Public Museum
== Tribal Headquarters  ==


Additional History from [http://home.earthlink.net/~herblst/indians.htm Earthlink] site.
Brothertown Indian Nation


''Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England''. by Dr. W. DeLoss Love. Boston, The Pilgrim Press Chicago C. 1899. FS Library film: 1,698,144 item 11.  (Appendix- Family History of the Brothertown Indians)
Mailing:<br> PO Box 2206<br> Fond du Lac WI 54936-2206


=== Records  ===
Location:<br> 82 S Macy Street <br> Fond du Lac WI 54936-2206


The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>  
Email: office@brothertownindians.org<br> Phone: (920) 929-9964<br> Fax: (920) 929-9965


*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
== Records ==
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]


'''Correspondence'''  
'''Correspondence&nbsp;'''  


{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="1"
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Tribe  
! scope="col" | Tribe  
Line 83: Line 40:
Pre-1880 Correspondence  
Pre-1880 Correspondence  


M234 RG 75 Rolls  
M234 RG 75&nbsp; Rolls  


Roll Number  
Roll Number  


! scope="col" |  
! scope="col" |  
FS Library
FHL


Film  
Film  
Line 96: Line 53:
|-
|-
| Brothertown  
| Brothertown  
| [[Green Bay Indian Agency (Wisconsin)|Green Bay (Menominee) Agency]], 1824-1961  
| Green Bay (Menominee) Agency, 1824-1961  
| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| 315-36  
| 315-36  
Line 102: Line 59:
|-
|-
| Brothertown  
| Brothertown  
| [[Six Nations Indian Agency (New York)|Six Nations Agency]], 1824-34  
| Six Nations Agency, 1824-34  
| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| 832  
| 832  
Line 108: Line 65:
|}
|}


=== Treaty ===
<br>'''Treaty'''


*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/new0502.htm 1838] January 15, at Buffalo Creek,with the New York Indians  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/new0502.htm 1838] January 15, at Buffalo Creek,with the New York Indians &nbsp;&nbsp;


=== Important Websites  ===
== Important Websites  ==


[http://www.brothertownindians.org/BINAC.pdf Constitution] of the Brothertown Indians; approved 1939, amended 2007  
[http://www.brothertownindians.org/BINAC.pdf Constitution] of the Brothertown Indians; approved 1939, amended 2007  
Line 120: Line 77:
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothertown_Indians Wikipedia] article on the Brothertown Indians  
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothertown_Indians Wikipedia] article on the Brothertown Indians  


[https://www.archive.org/stream/samsonoccom00loverich/samsonoccom00loverich_djvu.txt Link] Full Text of Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England  
[http://www.archive.org/stream/samsonoccom00loverich/samsonoccom00loverich_djvu.txt www.archive.org/stream/samsonoccom00loverich/samsonoccom00loverich_djvu.txt] Full Text of Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England  
 
== References  ==
 
<references />
 
==== Bibliography  ====
 
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online].
*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}.
*Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:037475188 WorldCat 37475188]; {{FHL|831087|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 G131g}}.


=== For Further Reading  ===
:Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
:Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
:Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
:Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands


See [[American Indian For Further Reading|'''For Further Reading''']].  
*Sturtevant, William C. ''Handbook of North American Indians''. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– . <br>


=== References  ===
:Volume 1 -- Not yet published
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}.<br>
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6}}.<br>
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8}}.<br>
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9}}.<br>
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10}}.
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11}}.<br>
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12}}.<br>
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15}}.<br>
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published
:Volume 19 -- Not yet published
:Volume 20 -- Not yet published


{{reflist}}  
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/indianlocation.htm Available online].
*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}.


{{Native American nav}}[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of New York]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Indian_Tribes_of_the_United_States]] [[Category:Indian_Tribes_of_North_America]]

Revision as of 01:38, 7 January 2011

History[edit | edit source]

Brief Timeline[edit | edit source]

Brief History[edit | edit source]

1830: migrated from New York settling near Lake Winnebago in Wisconsin

1839: March 3, Brothertown Indians became citizens of the United States

Reservations[edit | edit source]

Additional References to the History of the Tribe[edit | edit source]

History of the Brothertown Indians from the Milwaukee Public Museum

Additional History from Earthlink site.

Tribal Headquarters[edit | edit source]

Brothertown Indian Nation

Mailing:
PO Box 2206
Fond du Lac WI 54936-2206

Location:
82 S Macy Street
Fond du Lac WI 54936-2206

Email: office@brothertownindians.org
Phone: (920) 929-9964
Fax: (920) 929-9965

Records[edit | edit source]

Correspondence 

Tribe Agency Location of Original Records

Pre-1880 Correspondence

M234 RG 75  Rolls

Roll Number

FHL

Film

Number

Brothertown Green Bay (Menominee) Agency, 1824-1961 Washington D.C. and Chicago 315-36 -
Brothertown Six Nations Agency, 1824-34 Washington D.C. 832 -


Treaty

  • 1838 January 15, at Buffalo Creek,with the New York Indians   

Important Websites[edit | edit source]

Constitution of the Brothertown Indians; approved 1939, amended 2007

Tribal Website of the Brothertown Indian Nation

Wikipedia article on the Brothertown Indians

www.archive.org/stream/samsonoccom00loverich/samsonoccom00loverich_djvu.txt Full Text of Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England

References[edit | edit source]


Bibliography[edit | edit source]

  • Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
  • Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 Available online.
  • Klein, Barry T., ed. Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. WorldCat 317923332; FHL book 970.1 R259e.
  • Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. WorldCat 37475188; FHL book 970.1 G131g.
Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands
  • Sturtevant, William C. Handbook of North American Indians. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– .
Volume 1 -- Not yet published
Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- WorldCat 234303751
Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- WorldCat 255572371
Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- WorldCat 19331914; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4.
Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- WorldCat 299653808; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5.
Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- WorldCat 247493742; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6.
Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- WorldCat 247493311
Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 13240086; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8.
Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- WorldCat 26140053; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9.
Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- WorldCat 301504096; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10.
Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- WorldCat 256516416; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11.
Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- WorldCat 39401371; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12.
Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- WorldCat 48209643
Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- WorldCat 254277176
Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 356517503; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15.
Volume 16 -- Not yet published
Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- WorldCat 43957746
Volume 18 -- Not yet published
Volume 19 -- Not yet published
Volume 20 -- Not yet published

Family History Library (FHL); now called, FamilySearch Library (FSL)

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