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== Emigration from France == | == Emigration from France == | ||
===Timeline=== | |||
Significant numbers of emigrants left France during the following periods: | Significant numbers of emigrants left France during the following periods: | ||
*'''1538 to 1685''' Protestants '''(Huguenots)''' flee religious persecutions in France. | *'''1538 to 1685''' Protestants '''(Huguenots)''' flee religious persecutions in France. | ||
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*'''1830s, 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s''' Agents go from town to town recruiting emigrants, mostly in '''Alsace-Lorraine'''. Some went to America, others to Russia. | *'''1830s, 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s''' Agents go from town to town recruiting emigrants, mostly in '''Alsace-Lorraine'''. Some went to America, others to Russia. | ||
*'''1871''' There is a wave of French emigrants, largely to '''North America'''. | *'''1871''' There is a wave of French emigrants, largely to '''North America'''. | ||
===Cultural Groups=== | |||
*French colonization, especially in the Americas, was prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries. At the end of the 18th century, French emigration (1789–1815) was a massive movement of émigrés '''mostly to neighboring European countries''', as a result of the violence caused by the '''French Revolution'''. *Later emigration was often associated with '''economic conditions'''. From 1847 to 1857, almost 200,000 French people emigrated abroad. | *French colonization, especially in the Americas, was prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries. | ||
*At the end of the 18th century, French emigration (1789–1815) was a massive movement of émigrés '''mostly to neighboring European countries''', as a result of the violence caused by the '''French Revolution'''. *Later emigration was often associated with '''economic conditions'''. From 1847 to 1857, almost 200,000 French people emigrated abroad. | |||
*From 1821 to 1920, around 121,000 '''Basques and Bearnese people from Basses-Pyrénées''' emigrated to America—more than 108,000 from 1835 to 1901. <ref name="diaspora">"French diaspora", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_diaspora, accessed 9 July 2021.</ref><ref name="list">"List of diasporas", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diasporas#F, accessed 9 July 2021.</ref> | *From 1821 to 1920, around 121,000 '''Basques and Bearnese people from Basses-Pyrénées''' emigrated to America—more than 108,000 from 1835 to 1901. <ref name="diaspora">"French diaspora", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_diaspora, accessed 9 July 2021.</ref><ref name="list">"List of diasporas", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diasporas#F, accessed 9 July 2021.</ref> | ||
*'''Occitans,''' from Southern France, often felt denied the right of their cultural heritage and some relocated out of France in quiet protest to other countries, esp. '''French-speaking Canada''' and other parts of the French Empire and French-speaking areas of Europe. Also there have been Occitan-speaking settlers in '''Pigüé, Argentina'''; sporadically '''Mexico and Chile'''; and even into the US in '''Valdese, North Carolina'''. <ref name="list"/> | *'''Occitans,''' from Southern France, often felt denied the right of their cultural heritage and some relocated out of France in quiet protest to other countries, esp. '''French-speaking Canada''' and other parts of the French Empire and French-speaking areas of Europe. Also there have been Occitan-speaking settlers in '''Pigüé, Argentina'''; sporadically '''Mexico and Chile'''; and even into the US in '''Valdese, North Carolina'''. <ref name="list"/> | ||