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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Consult Arizona county Wiki pages for available county histories. Many of these histories contain information about ethnic groups which settled that county. | *Consult Arizona county Wiki pages for available county histories. Many of these histories contain information about ethnic groups which settled that county. | ||
*The '''earliest non-Indian settlers''' of [[Arizona Genealogy|Arizona]] generally came into the '''Gila Valley'' from '''Sonora and Sinaloa states of Mexico'''. | *The '''earliest non-Indian settlers''' of [[Arizona Genealogy|Arizona]] generally came into the '''Gila Valley''' from '''Sonora and Sinaloa states of Mexico'''. | ||
*During the 1840s and 1850s, '''prospectors from eastern United States and from Texas''' passed through the valley on their way to the gold fields of California. Some returned to settle. | *During the 1840s and 1850s, '''prospectors from eastern United States and from Texas''' passed through the valley on their way to the gold fields of California. Some returned to settle. | ||
*Fort Defiance, established in 1852, was the only significant white outpost north of the Gila Valley until 1863, when politicians from northern states established Prescott as the first territorial capital. Phoenix, founded by an Englishman in 1867, became the territorial capital in 1889. | *Fort Defiance, established in 1852, was the only significant white outpost north of the Gila Valley until 1863, when politicians from northern states established Prescott as the first territorial capital. Phoenix, founded by an Englishman in 1867, became the territorial capital in 1889. | ||
*'''Latter-day Saint settlers from Utah''' established communities, such as Snowflake, on the Little Colorado River of northern Arizona in the 1870s and 1880s. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and others also founded new towns and cities in the Gila and Salt River valleys in the southern part of the state. Mesa was one of these southern Arizona towns. | *'''Latter-day Saint settlers from Utah''' established communities, such as Snowflake, on the Little Colorado River of northern Arizona in the 1870s and 1880s. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and others also founded new towns and cities in the Gila and Salt River valleys in the southern part of the state. Mesa was one of these southern Arizona towns. | ||
*Most cities and towns of Arizona had been founded by 1900, but some mining communities experienced new growth in the 1920s when an '''ethnically varied population''' entered the state, including '''Italians, Mexicans, Cornishmen, and Slavs.''' | *Most cities and towns of Arizona had been founded by 1900, but some mining communities experienced new growth in the 1920s when an '''ethnically varied population''' entered the state, including '''Italians, Mexicans, Cornishmen, and Slavs.''' | ||
==Immigration Records== | ==Immigration Records== | ||
'''Immigration''' refers to people coming into a country. '''Emigration''' refers to people leaving a country to go to another. Immigration records usually take the form of ship's '''passenger lists''' collected at the port of entry. See [[Arizona Emigration and Immigration#Online Resources|'''Online Resources'''.]] | '''Immigration''' refers to people coming into a country. '''Emigration''' refers to people leaving a country to go to another. Immigration records usually take the form of ship's '''passenger lists''' collected at the port of entry. See [[Arizona Emigration and Immigration#Online Resources|'''Online Resources'''.]] | ||