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| {{CountrySidebar
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| |Country=Haiti
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| |Name=Haiti
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| |Type=Topic
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| |Topic Type=Background
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| |Background=Languages
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| |Rating=Standardized
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| }}{{breadcrumb
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| | link1=[[Haiti_Genealogy|Haiti]] | | | link1=[[Haiti_Genealogy|Haiti]] |
| | link2= | | | link2= |
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| | link5=[[Haiti Languages|Languages]] | | | link5=[[Haiti Languages|Languages]] |
| }} | | }}{{Haiti-sidebar}} |
| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
| The two official languages of Haiti are French and Haitian Creole.
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| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language '''French ''']
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| * principal written and administratively authorized language
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| * spoken by 42% of Haitians
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| * spoken by all educated Haitians
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| * the medium of instruction in most schools
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| * used in the business sector
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| * used in ceremonial events such as weddings, graduations and church Masses
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| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole '''Haitian Creole''']
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| * recently undergone a standardization
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| * spoken by virtually the entire population of Haiti
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| * one of the French-based creole languages
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| * Its vocabulary is 90% derived from French, but its grammar resembles that of some West African languages
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| * has influences from Taino, Spanish, and Portuguese
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| * related to the other French creoles, but most closely to the Antillean Creole and Louisiana Creole variants <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Haiti," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti#Languages#Languages, accessed 3 Apr 2021.</ref>
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| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Difference_between_Haitian_Creole_and_French '''Difference between Haitian Creole and French''']
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| * Haitian Creole and French have similar pronunciations and share many lexical items
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| * over 90% of the Haitian Creole vocabulary is of French origin
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| * many cognate terms actually have different meanings
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| * the grammars of Haitian Creole and French are very different (in Haitian Creole, verbs are not conjugated as they are in French)
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| * both Haitian Creole and French have also experienced semantic change; words that had a single meaning in the 17th century have changed or have been replaced in both languages <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Haitian Creole," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Difference_between_Haitian_Creole_and_French, accessed 3 Apr 2021.</ref>
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| ==Word List(s)== | | ==Word List(s)== |
| * [[French Genealogical Word List]]
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| * [[France Languages#Key_Words|French Word List]]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Lexicon Haitian Creole Vocabulary and Word Lists]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole_vocabulary#People Haitian Creole Word List - People]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole_vocabulary#Family Haitian Creole Word List - Family]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole_vocabulary#Days_of_the_week Haitian Creole Word List - Days of the Week and Months of the Year]
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| ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== |
| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Orthography Haitian Creole Consonants and Vowels - Wikipedia]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole_vocabulary#Numbers Haitian Creole Numbers - Wikipedia]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language#Phonology French Language Consonants and Vowels - Wikipedia]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language#Writing_system French Language Alphabet - Wikipedia]
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| ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== |
| '''Language Aids'''
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| * [[France Languages|French Language]]
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| * [[French Handwriting]]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole#Grammar Haitian Creole Grammar - Pronouns, Articles, Verbs, etc.]
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Creole_vocabulary#Creole_words_of_African_origin Language Origins of Haitian Creole Words]
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| '''Dictionaries'''
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| * Vilsaint, Féquière and Jean-Evens Berret. ''English Haitian Creole dictionary.'' Coconut Creek, FL: Educa Vision, 2005. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/66385921 WorldCat].
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| * Theodore, Charmant. ''Haitian Creole dictionary & phrasebook.'' New York: Hippocrene Books, 2009. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/553788185 WorldCat].
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| * Targète, Jean and Raphael G Urciolo. ''Haitian Creole-English dictionary.'' Kensington, Md: Dunwoody Press, Dunwoody Press. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/30037768 WorldCat].
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| * Goldsmith, Evelyn, Amanda Earl, Lyn Mitchell, and Adriana Capadose. ''French dictionary.'' Bromley: Harrap, 1990. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/24714244 WorldCat].
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| * Cousin, Pierre-Henri. ''Collins French dictionary.'' Glasgow [Scotland], Great Britain,: HarperCollins Publishers, 2012. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/941857406 WorldCat].
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| '''Online Dictionaries'''
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| * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110510104004/http://www.haiti-reference.com/creole/diction/index.php Haitian Creole-English Dictionary (Haiti-Reference)]
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| * [https://www.bing.com/translator/ Translator Haitian Creole to English (Microsoft Bing)]
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| * [https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-french English-French Dictionary (Collins)]
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| * [https://dictionary.reverso.net/english-french/ English-French Dictionary (Reverso Dictionary)]
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| ==Additional Resources== | | ==Additional Resources== |
| * Accilien, Cécile and Jowel C Laguerre. ''Haitian Creole phrasebook.'' New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/669517507 WorldCat].
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| * Valdman, Albert. ''Haitian Creole : structure, variation, status, origin.'' Sheffield, UK: Equinox Publishing Ltd, 2015. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/926656541 WorldCat].
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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| [[Category:Haiti]][[Category:Language and Handwriting]] | | [[Category:Haiti]] |
