318,531
edits
 (footnote)  | 
				m (Text replacement - "County, Quebec]]" to "County, Quebec]] Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada")  | 
				||
| (49 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{breadcrumb  | |||
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]  | |||
| link2=[[United States Migration Internal|Migration]]    | |||
| link3=[[US_Migration_Trails_and_Roads|U.S. Migration Trails and Roads]]    | |||
| link4=  | |||
| link5=[[{{PAGENAME}}]]  | |||
}}  | |||
[[Image:{{CanCha}}]]    | [[Image:{{CanCha}}]]    | ||
=== Historical Background  ===  | === Historical Background  ===  | ||
The [[Chambly_Canal|Chambly Canal]] along   | The [[Chambly_Canal|Chambly Canal]] along a part of the upper [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] helps connect the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] in [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in [[Vermont Genealogy|Vermont]] and [[New York Genealogy|New York]]. The canal and its locks allowed boats to bypass the Richelieu River rapids near Chambly and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Work began on this canal in 1831 and was completed in 1843. The canal from Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu to Chambly is 12 miles (19 km) long.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Chambly Canal" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambly_Canal (accessed 7 June 2011).</ref>   | ||
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] in [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] flows north from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] near the United States border about 106 miles (171 km) to Sorel-Tracy where it joins the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River].<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Richelieu River" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River (accessed 8 June 2011).</ref>    | |||
Indians and French settlers used the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and recognized its strategic military importance as a probable invasion route. A series of forts were built in the 1600s and 1700s to help defend it.<ref name="waterway">Parks Canada, "Waterway History," ''Chambly Canal National Historic Site Canada'' at http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/qc/chambly/natcul/natcul2/natcul2a.aspx (8 June 2011).</ref>   | |||
The '''Chambly Canal''' was part of a network of canals, lakes and rivers connecting New York City to the   | The '''Chambly Canal''' was part of a network of canals, lakes and rivers connecting New York City to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal Montréal]. Freight such as lumber and coal could be shipped from the St. Lawrence River, up the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] and Chambly Canal to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain], and down the [[Champlain Canal]] to the Hudson River to New York City. The Hudson River is also connected to the [[Erie Canal]]. The Chambly Canal was an important part of increasing Canadian-American trade into the 20th Century. After World War I (1914-1918) freight traffic declined, but has partially been replaced since with tourist pleasure cruises.<ref name="waterway" />   | ||
=== Route  ===  | === Route  ===  | ||
The Richelieu River flows north out of Lake Champlain in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont%C3%A9r%C3%A9gie Montérégie]   | The '''Chambly Canal''' is connected to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] at the south end in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, [[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean County]], and to the same river at the north end in Chambly, [[Chambly County, Quebec]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]] [[Category:Counties of Quebec, Canada]].   | ||
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richelieu_River Richelieu River] flows north out of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont%C3%A9r%C3%A9gie Montérégie] region in the far south of [[Quebec Genealogy|Quebec]] as follows:    | |||
:*Lake Champlain    | :*Lake Champlain ([[Clinton County, New York]], and [[Grand Isle County, Vermont Genealogy|Grand Isle]], and [[Franklin County, Vermont Genealogy|Franklin]] counties in [[Vermont Genealogy|Vermont]])   | ||
:*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Haut-Richelieu_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Le Haut-Richelieu]    | :*[[Missisquoi County, Quebec|Missisquoi]]   | ||
:*[  | :*[[Saint-Jean County, Quebec|Saint-Jean]] (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Haut-Richelieu_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Le Haut-Richelieu])   | ||
:*[  | :*[[Iberville County, Quebec|Iberville]]   | ||
:*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-De_Saurel_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Pierre-De Saurel] (before 2009 Le Bas-Richelieu)    | :*[[Rouville County, Quebec|Rouville]]    | ||
:*[[Chambly County, Quebec|Chambly]]   | |||
:*[[Verchères County, Quebec|Verchères]]   | |||
:*[[Saint-Hyacinthe County, Quebec|Saint-Hyacinthe]]    | |||
:*[[Richelieu County, Quebec|Richelieu]] (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre-De_Saurel_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec Pierre-De Saurel] (before 2009 Le Bas-Richelieu))    | |||
:*St. Lawrence River  | :*St. Lawrence River  | ||
'''Connecting Migration Routes'''. The Richelieu River   | '''Connecting Migration Routes'''. The Richelieu River and Chambly Canal are linked to other migration routes at each end.    | ||
<div style="float: left; width: 100%">  | |||
The migration pathways connected at the ''south end'' included:    | The migration pathways connected at the ''south end'' included:    | ||
:*Lake Champlain with connections to   | :*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Champlain Lake Champlain] with connections to:   | ||
::*[[Champlain Canal]] 1823 [[Image:Champlain map.png|right|500px]]   | |||
::*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudson_River Hudson River]   | |||
:::*[[Erie Canal]] 1825   | |||
:::*the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean Atlantic Ocean]   | |||
:::*and several trails out of Albany and New York City  | |||
The migration pathways connected at the ''north end'' included:    | The migration pathways connected at the ''north end'' included:    | ||
:*  | :*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River Saint Lawrence River]   | ||
:*[[Halifax Road]] or Grand Communication Route  | :*[[Halifax Road]] or Grand Communication Route  | ||
Also, the Chambly Canal and Richelieu River run parallel to part of the [[Lake Champlain Trail]] from Albany, New York to Sorel-Tracy, Quebec.   | |||
=== Settlers and Records  ===  | === Settlers and Records  ===  | ||
The earliest European settlers in the Richelieu River area were French. Irish laborers were used to build the Chambly Canal by hand.<ref name="Did">Parks Canada, "Did you know?," ''Chambly Canal National Historic Site Canada'' at http://www.pc.gc.ca/lhn-nhs/qc/chambly/natcul/natcul2/natcul2e.aspx (9 June 2011).</ref>   | |||
No complete list of settlers who used the Richelieu River - Chambly Canal is known to exist. Nevertheless, local and county histories along that route may reveal pioneer settlers who arrived after 1843 and therefore who were the most likely candidates to have traveled the Richelieu River - Chambly Canal.    | No complete list of settlers who used the Richelieu River - Chambly Canal is known to exist. Nevertheless, local and county histories along that route may reveal pioneer settlers who arrived after 1843 and therefore who were the most likely candidates to have traveled the Richelieu River - Chambly Canal.    | ||
| Line 45: | Line 67: | ||
{{reflist}}    | {{reflist}}    | ||
{{Quebec|Quebec}}{{New York|New York}}{{Vermont|Vermont}}{{-}}</div>   | |||
{{Quebec|Quebec}}{{New York|New York}}{{Vermont|Vermont}}    |  [[Category:United_States_Migration_Internal]] [[Category:US_Migration_Canals]] [[Category:Migration_Routes]] [[Category:New York Migration Routes]] [[Category:Clinton_County,_New_York]] [[Category:Vermont Migration Routes]] [[Category:Grand_Isle_County,_Vermont]] [[Category:Franklin_County,_Vermont]] [[Category:Quebec Migration Routes]] [[Category:Missisquoi_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Saint-Jean_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Iberville_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Rouville_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Chambly_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Verchères_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Saint-Hyacinthe_County,_Quebec]] [[Category:Richelieu_County,_Quebec]]  | ||
[[Category:  | |||
edits