Russian Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

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This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/8/86/Russian_Word_List.pdf Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF] is also available.
This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the  [https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/images/8/86/Russian_Word_List.pdf Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF] is also available.  


To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read [[Russia Languages]],  
To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read [[Russia Languages]],  
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In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.  
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.  


===Alphabetical Order===
=== Alphabetical Order ===


Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пп Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя  
Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пр Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя  


No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.
No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.<br>


Prior to 1918, when the current Russian spelling reforms were instituted, the alphabet included letters no longer used. These were updated and changed. These letters include:
=== Transliteration Aid ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|з
|Changed to (in certain positions)
|c
|-
|i
|Changed to
|и
|-
|ъ
|No longer used at the end of masculine words
|
|-
|ѣ
|Changed to
|e
|-
|θ
|Changed to
|ф
|-
|v
|Changed to
|и
|}
 
===Transliteration Aid===


Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.   
Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.   
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===Other Word Lists===
===Other Word Lists===
*[[Media:Russian Word List.pdf|FamilySearch Library Word List]]
*[http://www.doukhobor.org/names.html#Terms Doukhobor Genealogy] (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
*[http://www.doukhobor.org/names.html#Terms Doukhobor Genealogy] (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
*[https://www.lexiconbridge.com/ Cornell Lexicon Bridge] (a resource from Cornell University)
*[https://www.lexiconbridge.com/ Cornell Lexicon Bridge] (a resource from Cornell University)


===Online Dictionaries===
=== Online Dictionaries ===


*[http://gramota.ru/slovari/info/ Gramota] (online Russian dictionary in Russian)
*[http://gramota.ru/slovari/info/ Gramota] (online Russian dictionary in Russian)
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/ Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary]
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/ Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary]
*[https://www.dict.com/russian-english Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary]
*[https://www.dict.com/russian-english Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary]
*[https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Викисловар (Russian Wiktionary)] this website is in Russian, but provides information regarding declension. Type a Russian word in the search box in the right hand corner (искать в Викисловаре) and press enter. Even if the word entered is declined (has a grammatical case ending), Wiktionary will redirect you to the original word (nominative case). A typical entry defines the word (if you are using Google Chrome, right click to translate the page to English to learn the definition of the word), as well as meanings, synonyms and often pronunciation. On the right hand side, you will find a table with the word declined in all cases. A translation of the table is included below. Using this table will allow you to easily determine which case your word is in.


{| class="wikitable"
|+Translation of Declension Table from Викисловарь
!падеж (case)
!ед. ч. (singular)
!мн. ч (plural)
|-
|Им.(nominative)
|
|
|-
|Р. (genitive)
|
|
|-
|Д. (dative)
|
|
|-
|В. (accusative)
|
|
|-
|Тв. (instrumental)
|
|
|-
|Пр. (prepositional)
|
|
|}


=== Variant forms of words ===
=== Months of the Year  ===
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. ''Who—Whose—whom,'' or ''marry—marries—married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. Many sources (word lists, dictionaries, etc.) give only the basic, or nominative and masculine form. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage.
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Images/months_script.jpg SGGEE handout, '''"Examples of how the months are handwritten"''']
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
==== Gender ====
Russian words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as '''masculine''', '''feminine''', or '''neuter'''. For example, брат (brother) is a masculine word, дочь (daughter) is a feminine word, and свидетельство (certificate) is a neuter word.
 
Words that describe persons, places or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings depending on what noun they are describing. For example, in Russian you would write старый брат (old brother), старая сестра (old sister), and старое свидетельство (old certificate). In dictionaries and in the “Russian Genealogical Word List” generally only the '''masculine''' form is given.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!masculine
!feminine
!neuter
!found in word list as
|-
|старый
|старая
|старое
|старый (old)
|-
|глухой
|глухая
| -
|глухой (deaf)
|}
 
==== Plurals ====
Plural forms of Russian words usually end in ы, и, а, or я. They are usually only found in the singular in dictionaries or in the word list.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!singular
!plural
!translation
|-
|-
|отец
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''
|отцы
| width="25%" | '''Pronunciation'''
|father/fathers
| width="25%" | '''English'''
|-
|-
|муж
| январь
|мужья
| yeen-VAHR'
|husband/husbands
| January
|-
|-
|жена
| февраль
|жены
| fee-VRAHL'
|wife/wives
| February
|-
|-
|книга
| март
|книги
| mahrt
|book/books
| March
|-
|место
|местa
|place/places
|}
 
==== Noun declensions ====
The endings of Russian words can also vary depending on the grammatical uses of the words. Russian grammar requires specific endings (called “cases”) on nouns used in the possessive, as the object of a verb, and with a preposition, among others.
 
Adjectives also must match the nouns they modify in gender, quantity, and grammatical form (case). Russian nouns fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Many dictionaries have grammatical sections which show complete noun and adjective endings.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Noun
!Use
!Translation
|-
|город
 
города
 
городе
|'''город'''
 
мер '''города'''
 
Я жул в '''городе'''
|City
 
Mayor of the city
 
I lived in the city
|-
|-
|сын
| апрель
 
| ah-PRYEHL'  
сына
| April
 
сыну
 
сыном
|'''сын'''
 
я крестил '''сына'''
 
я дал '''сыну'''
 
я ушёл с '''сыном'''
|Son
 
I christened the son
 
I gave to the son
 
I left with the son
|-
|-
|жена
| май
 
| mahy
жены
| May
 
жену
 
жене
 
женой
 
жене
|'''жена'''
 
дом '''жены'''
 
я видел '''жену'''
 
я дал '''жене'''
 
я ушёл ц '''женой'''
 
я думал о '''жене'''
|Wife
 
Home of the wife
 
I saw the wife
 
I gave to the wife
 
I left with the wife
 
I thought about the wife
|}
The changing of word endings is called “declension” and there are six different cases in Russian.
 
==== Given names ====
An important note is that it is essential to recognize when a name is written in a different form, and to avoid misinterpreting it as another name. For example, “the child of Ivan” would be “ребенок ивана.” That only means that “иван” is in a different case. It does NOT mean that is a feminine form of the name, that his name is different, that he has variant names, or that “ивана” is a different person than “иван.”
 
==== Verbs ====
Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who and how many are doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. The variation for verbs is called “conjugation.” For example, the Russian word жить (to live) will appear with various endings. Note that most but not all verbs follow this pattern:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian conjugation
!English conjugation
|-
|-
|я '''живу'''
| июнь
|I live
| ee-YOON'  
| June
|-
|-
|ты '''живёшь'''
| июль
|you live (informal)
| ee-YOOL'  
| July
|-
|-
|он/она/кто '''живёт'''
| август
|he/she/who lives
| AHV-goost
| August
|-
|-
|мы '''живём'''
| сентябрь
|we live
| seen-TYAHBR'  
| September
|-
|-
|вы '''живёте'''
| октябрь
|you live (formal)
| ahk-TYAHBR'  
| October
|-
|-
|они '''живут'''
| ноябрь
|they live
| nah-YAHBR'  
| November
|-
|-
|она '''жил'''
| декабрь
|he lived
| dee-KAHBR'  
|-
| December
|она '''жила'''
|she lived
|-
|они '''жили'''
|they lived
|}
|}


===Names and Places===
=== Cardinal Numbers ===
For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:
 
'''Places:'''
 
[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9 List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire]
 
[[Russia Gazetteers]]
 
[http://www.google.com Google]
 
'''Russian Names:'''
 
*[https://gufo.me/dict/surnames_ru Словарь русских фамилий (Dictionary of Russian Surnames)]
 
*[https://pomnirod.ru/assets/files/knigi/slovar-russ_imen_petrovski_1966.pdf Словарь Русских Личных Имен (Dictionary of Russian Given Names)]
 
*[https://azbyka.ru/deti/slovar-spravochnik-russkikh-lichnykh-imen-ilya-melnikov Словарь-справочник русских личных имен (Dictionary/Handbook of Russian Given Names)]
 
*[https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdid=book-aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdot=1 French, German and Russian Name Dictionary]
 
'''Polish Names Written in Russian:'''
 
Use these resources to help you find the proper spelling of a Polish name. [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into Polish.
 
*[http://herby.com.pl/ Slownik Nazwisk (Dictionary of Surnames)] to learn how to use this website, see the instructions [https://jri-poland.org/slownik.htm here].
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Polish Given Names with Dimunitives and English Equivalents]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_male_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_female_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Polish_feminine_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
'''German Names Written in Russian:'''
 
[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into German.
 
*[https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf SGGEE handout], see page 7
*[https://volga.domains.unf.edu/surnames Germans from Russia Surnames (particularly the Volga Region)]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:German_male_given_names Male German Names Wiktionary]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:German_given_names#List_of_female_given_names Female German Names Wiktionary]
*[http://www.namenforschung.net/en/dfd/dictionary/list/ Digital Dictionary of Surnames in Germany]
 
===Months of the Year===
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Images/months_script.jpg SGGEE handout, '''"Examples of how the months are handwritten"''']
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Russian (nominative)!!Russian (Genitive)!!English
|-
|январь, Iенварь||января||January
|-
|февраль||февраля||February
|-
|март||марта||March
|-
|апрель||апреля||April
|-
|май||мая||May
|-
|июнь||июня||June
|-
|июль||июля||July
|-
|август||августа||August
|-
|сентябрь||сентября||September
|-
|октябрь||октября||October
|-
|ноябрь||ноября||November
|-
|декабрь||декабря||December
|}
 
===Cardinal Numbers===
For numbers in cursive, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf '''SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.''']
For numbers in cursive, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf '''SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.''']
{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''
| width="25%" |'''English'''
| width="25%" | '''Transliteration/Pronunciation'''  
| width="25%" | '''English'''
|-
|-
|один
| один  
|one
| odin [ah-DEEN]
| one
|-
|-
|два
| два  
|two
| dva [dvah]
| two
|-
|-
|три
| три  
|three
| tri [tree]
| three
|-
|-
|четыре
| четыре  
|four
| chetyre [che-TYH-ree]
| four
|-
|-
|пять
| пять  
|five
| pyat' [pyat']
| five
|-
|-
|шесть
| шесть  
|six
| shest' [shehst']
| six
|-
|-
|семь
| семь  
|seven
| sem' [syehm]
| seven
|-
|-
|восемь
| восемь  
|eight
| vosem' [VOH-seem]
| eight
|-
|-
|девять
| девять  
|nine
| devyat' [DYEH-vit']
| nine
|-
|-
|десять
| десять  
|ten
| desyat' [DYEH-sit']
| ten
|-
|-
|одиннадцать
| одиннадцать  
|eleven
| odinnadtsat' [ah-dee-nat-sat']
| eleven
|-
|-
|двенадцать
| двенадцать  
|twelve
| dvenadtsat' [dvi-nat-sat']
| twelve
|-
|-
|тринадцать
| тринадцать  
|thirteen
| trinadtsat' [tree-nat-sat']
| thirteen
|-
|-
|четырнадцать
| четырнадцать  
|fourteen
| chetyrnadtsat' [chye-tir-nat-sat']
| fourteen
|-
|-
|пятнадцать
| пятнадцать  
|fifteen
| pyatnadtsat' [pyat-nat-sat']
| fifteen
|-
|-
|шестнадцать
| шестнадцать  
|sixteen
| shestnadtsat' [shes-nat-sat']
| sixteen
|-
|-
|семнадцать
| семнадцать  
|seventeen
| semnadtsat' [sim-nat-sat']
| seventeen
|-
|-
|восемнадцать
| восемнадцать  
|eighteen
| vosemnadtsat' [vahsim-nat-sat']
| eighteen
|-
|-
|девятнадцать
| девятнадцать  
|nineteen
| devyatnadtsat' [divit-nat-sat']
| nineteen
|-
|-
|двадцать
| двадцать  
|twenty
| dvadtsat' [dvat-sat']
| twenty
|-
|-
|тридцать
| тридцать  
|thirty
| tridtsat' [treet-sat']
| thirty
|-
|-
|сорок
| сорок  
|forty
| sorok [soh-rahk]
| forty
|-
|-
|пятьдесят
| пятьдесят  
|fifty
| pyat'desyat [pit-dee-syat]
| fifty
|-
|-
|шестьдесят
| шестьдесят  
|sixty
| shest'desyat [shes-dee-syat]
| sixty
|-
|-
|семьдесят
| семьдесят  
|seventy
| sem'desyat [syem-dee-syat]
| seventy
|-
|-
|восемьдесят
| восемьдесят  
|eighty
| vosem'desyat [voh-sim-dee-syat]
| eighty
|-
|-
|девяносто
| девяносто  
|ninety
| devyanosto [di-vee-nohs-tah]
| ninety
|-
|-
|сто
| сто  
|one hundred
| sto [stoh]
| one hundred
|-
|-
|двести
| двести  
|two hundred
| dvesti [dvyes-tee]
| two hundred
|-
|-
|триста
| триста  
|three hundred
| trista [tree-stah]
| three hundred
|-
|-
|четыреста
| четыреста  
|four hundred
| chetyresta [chye-ti-ryeh-stah]
| four hundred
|-
|-
|пятьсот
| пятьсот  
|five hundred
| pyat'sot [pit-soht]
| five hundred
|-
|-
|шестьсот
| шестьсот  
|six hundred
| shest'sot [shis-soht]
| six hundred
|-
|-
|семьсот
| семьсот  
|seven hundred
| sem'sot [sim-soht]
| seven hundred
|-
|-
|восемьсот
| восемьсот  
|eight hundred
| vosem'sot [vah-sim-soht]
| eight hundred
|-
|-
|девятьсот
| девятьсот  
|nine hundred
| devyat'sot [dee-vit-soht]
| nine hundred
|-
|-
|тысяча
| тысяча  
|one thousand
| tysyacha [ti-si-chah]
|-
| one thousand
|миллион
|one million
|}
|}


===Ordinal Numbers===
=== Ordinal Numbers ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''
| width="25%" |'''English'''
| width="25%" | '''Transliteration/Pronunciation'''  
| width="25%" | '''English'''
|-
|-
|первый
| первый  
|first
| pervyy
| first
|-
|-
|второй
| второй  
|second
| vtoroy
| second
|-
|-
|третий
| третий  
|third
| tretiy
| third
|-
|-
|четвёртый
| четвёртый  
|fourth
| chetvyortyy
| fourth
|-
|-
|пятый
| пятый  
|fifth
| pyatyy
| fifth
|-
|-
|шестой
| шестой  
|sixth
| shestoy
| sixth
|-
|-
|седьмой
| седьмой  
|seventh
| sed'moy
| seventh
|-
|-
|восьмой
| восьмой  
|eighth
| vos'moy
| eighth
|-
|-
|девятый
| девятый  
|ninth
| devyatyy
| ninth
|-
|-
|десятый
| десятый  
|tenth
| desyatyy
| tenth
|-
|-
|одиннадцатый
| одиннадцатый  
|eleventh
| odinnadtsatyy
| eleventh
|-
|-
|двенадцатый
| двенадцатый  
|twelfth
| dvenadtsatyy
| twelfth
|-
|-
|тринадцатый
| тринадцатый  
|thirteenth
| trinadtsatyy
| thirteenth
|-
|-
|четырнадцатый
| четырнадцатый  
|fourteenth
| chetyrnadtsatyy
| fourteenth
|-
|-
|пятнадцатый
| пятнадцатый  
|fifteenth
| pyatnadtsatyy
| fifteeth
|-
|-
|шестнадцатый
| шестнадцатый  
|sixteenth
| shestnadtsatyy
| sixteenth
|-
|-
|семнадцатый
| семнадцатый  
|seventeenth
| semnadtsatyy
| seventeenth
|-
|-
|восемнадцатый
| восемнадцатый  
|eighteenth
| vosemnadtsatyy
| eighteenth
|-
|-
|девятнадцатый
| девятнадцатый  
|nineteenth
| devyatnadtsatyy
| nineteenth
|-
|-
|двадцатый
| двадцатый  
|twentieth
| dvadtsatyy
| twentieth
|-
|-
|двадцать первый
| двадцать первый  
|twenty first
| dvadtsat' pervyy
| twenty first
|-
|-
|тридцатый
| тридцатый  
|thirtieth
| tridtsatyy
| thirtieth
|-
|-
|тридцать первый
| тридцать первый  
|thirty first
| tridtsat' pervyy
| thirty first
|}
|}


==General Word List==
== General Word List ==


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.  
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.&nbsp; Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.  


{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
|-
|-
|
|  
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


===A===
=== A ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|август<br>
|August<br>
|-
|-
|адвокат<br>
| август<br>  
|lawyer<br>
| August<br>
|-
|-
|администратор<br>
| адвокат<br>  
|administrator<br>
| lawyer<br>
|-
|-
|акт<br>
| администратор<br>  
|document, record, certificate<br>
| administrator<br>
|-
|-
|акты гражданского состояния<br>
| акт<br>  
|vital statistics<br>
| document, record, certificate<br>
|-
|-
|акушерка<br>
| акты гражданского состояния<br>  
|midwife<br>
| vital statistics<br>
|-
|-
|алфавитный список<br>
| акушерка<br>  
|alphabetical list or index<br>
| midwife<br>
|-
|-
|апоплексия
| алфавитный список<br>
|apoplexy
| alphabetical list or index<br>
|-
|-
|апрель<br>
| апрель<br>  
|April<br>
| April<br>
|-
|-
|арендатор<br>
| арендатор<br>  
|tenant, leaseholder<br>
| tenant, leaseholder<br>
|-
|-
|армия<br>
| армия<br>  
|army<br>
| army<br>
|-
|-
|артиллерист<br>
| артиллерист<br>  
|artilleryman<br>
| artilleryman<br>
|-
|-
|архив<br>
| архив<br>  
|archive<br>
| archive<br>
|-
|-
|архивист, архивариус<br>
| архивист, архивариус<br>  
|archivist<br>
| archivist<br>
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


===Б===
=== Б ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''Transliteration/English'''
| '''Transliteration/English'''
|-
|бакалейщик<br>
|Grocer<br>
|-
|-
|барышник<br>
| бакалейщик<br>  
|horse dealer<br>
| Grocer<br>
|-
|-
|батрак<br>
| барышник<br>  
|farm hand, hired hand<br>
| horse dealer<br>
|-
|-
|башмачник<br>
| батрак<br>  
|shoemaker<br>
| farm hand, hired hand<br>
|-
|-
|бедность<br>
| башмачник<br>  
|poverty<br>
| shoemaker<br>
|-
|-
|бедный<br>
| бедность<br>  
|poor<br>
| poverty<br>
|-
|-
|бедняк<br>
| бедный<br>  
|pauper<br>
| poor<br>
|-
|-
|беженец
| бедняк<br>
|refugee
| pauper<br>
|-
|-
|безземельный<br>
| безземельный<br>  
|landless<br>
| landless<br>
|-
|-
|белое духовенство
| Благороднй<br>  
|clergy who have not taken a monastic vow (allowed to have a wife and children)
|  
|-
noble<br>  
|Благороднй<br>
|
noble<br>


|-
|-
|благородство<br>
| благородство<br>  
|
|  
nobility<br>
nobility<br>  


|-
|-
|близнец<br>
| близнец<br>  
|twin<br>
| twin<br>
|-
|-
|близнецы<br>
| близнецы<br>  
|twins<br>
| twins<br>
|-
|-
|бобыль<br>
| бобыль<br>  
|
|  
poor landless peasant<br>
poor landless peasant<br>  


|-
|-
|богадельня<br>
| богадельня<br>  
|poor house<br>
| poor house<br>
|-
|-
|болезнь<br>
| болезнь<br>  
|illness, disease<br>
| illness, disease<br>
|-
|-
|болезнь лёгких<br>
| болезнь лёгких<br>  
|lung disease, lung illness<br>
| lung disease, lung illness<br>
|-
|-
|болница<br>
| болница<br>  
|hospital<br>
| hospital<br>
|-
|-
|болной<br>
| болной<br>  
|sick<br>
| sick<br>
|-
|-
|боль
| бондарь, бочар<br>
|illness, sickness, pain
| cooper<br>
|-
|-
|бондарь, бочар<br>
| боярин<br>  
|cooper<br>
| boyar (m.) pre1700 aristocrat<br>
|-
|-
|боярин<br>
| боярство<br>  
|boyar (m.) pre-1700 aristocrat<br>
| the boyars<br>
|-
|-
|боярство<br>
| боярыня<br>  
|the boyars<br>
| boyar, nobleman's wife<br>
|-
|-
|боярыня<br>
| брак, бракосочетанние <br>  
|boyar, nobleman's wife<br>
| brak, brakosochetannie<br>marriage<br>
|-
|-
|брак, бракосочетанние <br>
| браконьер<br>  
|brak, brakosochetannie<br>marriage<br>
| poacher<br>
|-
|-
|браконьер<br>
| бракосочетание<br>  
|poacher<br>
| marriage<br>
|-
|-
|бракосочетание<br>
| брат
|marriage<br>
| brother
|-
|-
|брат
| брачный обыски
|brother
| pre-marital search of records, proving pride and groom are not related
|-
|-
|брачный обыски
| брачный  
|pre-marital search of records, proving bride and groom are not related
| marital (adj.) conjugal
|-
|-
|брачный
| бременная
|marital (adj.) conjugal
| pregnant
|-
|-
|бременная
| бродяга
|pregnant
| vagabond
|-
|-
|бродяга
| булочник
|vagabond
| baker
|-
|-
|бронхит; бронхитис
| бухгалтер
|bronchitis
| bookkeeper
|-
|-
|булочник
| бывший
|baker
| former
|-
|-
|бухгалтер
| быть
|bookkeeper
| to be
|-
|-
|бывший
| бюргер  
|former
| burgher
|-
|быть
|to be
|-
|бюргер
|burgher
|}
|}


<br>
<br>  


===В===
=== В ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|''' English'''
| '''&nbsp;English'''
|-
|в
|in, on, at
|-
|в час
|at one o'clock
|-
|вдова
|widow
|-
|вдовец
|widower
|-
|ведомость
|register, record, list
|-
|венчание
|wedding ceremony
|-
|веред
|boils
|-
|верность
|accuracy, correctness, truth
|-
|вероисповедание
|religion, faith, creed
|-
|-
|весна
| в<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|spring
| in, on, at
|-
|-
|весной
| в час
|in the spring
| at one o'clock
|-
|-
|весь
| вдова
|all, whole, everything
| widow
|-
|-
|ветеринар
| вдовец
|veterinarian
| widower
|-
|-
|ветрянкя
| ведомость
|chicken pox
| register, record, list
|-
|-
|ветрянкя опаса
| венчание
|chicken pox
| wedding ceremony
|-
|-
|вечер
| верность
|evening
| accuracy, correctness, truth
|-
|-
|вечера
| вероисповедание
|in the evening
| religion, faith, creed
|-
|-
|вечером
| весна
|in the evening
| spring
|-
|-
|взрослый
| весной
|adult
| in the spring
|-
|-
|владелец
| весь
|bearer, owner, propietor
| all, whole, everything
|-
|-
|властный
| ветрянкя
|authoritative
| chicken pox
|-
|-
|внебрачный ребёнок
| ветрянкя опаса
|illegitimate child
| chicken pox<br>
|-
|-
|внук
| вечер
|grandson
| evening
|-
|-
|внучка
| вечера
|granddaughter
| in the evening
|-
|-
|водянка
| вечером
|dropsy
| in the evening
|-
|-
|водянка в голове
| взрослый
|dropsy of the head (likely Hydrocephalus)
| adult
|-
|-
|военная служба
| владелец
|military service
| bearer, owner, propietor
|-
|-
|военные документы
| властный
|military records
| authoritative
|-
|-
|военный
| внебрачный ребёнок
|military, soldier
| illegitimate child
|-
|-
|возраст
| внук
|age
| grandson
|-
|-
|возчик
| внучка
|coachman, carter
| granddaughter
|-
|-
|воинский
| водянка
|military
| dropsy
|-
|-
|война
| военная слкжба&nbsp;
|war
| military service
|-
|-
|волость
| военный
|smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
| military, soldier
|-
|-
|волосы
| возраст
|hair
| age
|-
|-
|восемнадцатый
| возчик
|eighteenth
| coachman, carter
|-
|-
|восемнадцать
| воинский
|eighteen
| military
|-
|-
|восемьдесят
| война
|eighty
| war
|-
|-
|восемьсот
| волость
|eight hundred
| smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
|-
|-
|воскресенье
| волосы
|Sunday
| hair
|-
|-
|воспаление
| восемнадцатый
|inflammation
| eighteenth
|-
|-
|воспаление кишок
| восемнадцать
|inflammation of the intestines
| eighteen
|-
|-
|воспаление легких
| восемьдесят
|inflammation of the lungs
| eighty
|-
|-
|воспаление мозгова
| восемьсот
|inflammation of the brain
| eight hundred
|-
|-
|восприемник
| воскресенье
|godparent
| Sunday
|-
|-
|восприемница
| воспаление
|godmother
| inflammation<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|-
|-
|восприемники
| восприёмник
|godparents
| godparent
|-
|-
|восток
| восприёмница
|east
| godmother
|-
|-
|восточный
| восток
|eastern
| east
|-
|-
|восьмидесятый
| восточный
|eightieth
| eastern
|-
|-
|восьмисотый
| восьмидесятый
|eight hundredth
| eightieth
|-
|-
|восьмой
| восьмисотый
|eighth
| eight hundredth
|-
|-
|время
| восьмой
|time
| eighth
|-
|-
|всё
| время
|all, everyone, every
| time
|-
|-
|вся
| всё
|all, everyone, every
| all, everyone, every
|-
|-
|вступить в брак
| вся
|to get married (to enter marriage)
| all, everyone, every
|-
|-
|вступление в брак
| вступить на службу
|marriage (entering marriage, often used in giving the marriage date)
| to go into the service
|-
|-
|вступить на службу
| вторник
|to go into the service
| Tuesday
|-
|-
|вторник
| второй<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|Tuesday
| second
|-
|-
|второй
| вчера
|second
| yesterday
|-
|-
|вчера
| вчерашний
|yesterday
| yesterday (adj)
|-
|-
|вчерашний
| выдать
|yesterday (adj)
| to issue
|-
|-
|выдать
| выкидыщ
|to issue
| miscarriage
|-
|-
|выкидыщ
| выписка
|miscarriage
| extract, (record)
|-
|-
|выписка
| выслать
|extract, (record)
| to be send
|-
|-
|выслать
| высокий
|to be send
| tall
|-
|-
|высокий
| выходить замуж
|tall
| to marry, to be married (fem)
|-
|-
|выходить замуж
| <br>
|to marry, to be married (fem)
|  
|-
|вышесказанное
|the above mentioned
|}
|}


===Г===
=== Г ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|г.
| г.  
|abbreviation for город (city)
| abbreviation for город (city)
|-
|-
|гвардец
| гвардец<br>
|guardsmen
| guardsmen<br>
|-
|-
|гвардуия
| гвардуия<br>
|guards
| guards<br>
|-
|-
|где
| где<br>
|where
| where<br>
|-
|-
|генварь
| генварь<br>
|general
| general<br>
|-
|-
|генеалогия<br>
| генеалогия<br>  
|genealogy<br>
| genealogy<br>
|-
|-
|герб
| герб<br>
|coat of arms
| coat of arms<br>
|-
|-
|герой
| герой<br>
|hero
| hero<br>
|-
|-
|глаз
| глаз<br>
|eye
| eye<br>
|-
|-
|глухой
| глухой<br>
|blind
| blind<br>
|-
|-
|год
| год<br>
|year
| year<br>
|-
|-
|голод
| голод<br>
|hunger, starvation
| hunger, starvation<br>
|-
|-
|гончар
| гончар<br>
|potter
| potter<br>
|-
|-
|горничная
| горничная<br>
|house maid, chambermaid
| house maid, chambermaid<br>
|-
|-
|горнорабочий
| горнорабочий<br>
|miner
| miner<br>
|-
|-
|горняк
| горняк<br>
|miner
| miner<br>
|-
|-
|город
| город<br>
|city
| city<br>
|-
|-
|горячка
| госпиталь<br>
|fever; burning ague
| hospital<br>
|-
|-
|госпиталь<br>
| господни<br>  
|hospital<br>
| gentleman, Mr.<br>
|-
|-
|господни<br>
| госпожа<br>  
|gentleman, Mr.<br>
| lady, Mrs.<br>
|-
|-
|госпожа<br>
| государственный<br>  
|lady, Mrs.<br>
| government<br>
|-
|-
|государственный<br>
| государственный архив<br>  
|government<br>
| government archive<br>
|-
|-
|государственный архив<br>
| гражданин<br>  
|government archive<br>
| citizen (male)<br>
|-
|-
|гражданин<br>
| гражданка<br>  
|citizen (male)<br>
| citizen (female)<br>
|-
|-
|гражданка<br>
| гражданство<br>  
|citizen (female)<br>
| citizenship<br>
|-
|-
|гражданский, гражданство<br>
| грамота<br>  
|citizenship (adj.), citizenship (noun)<br>
| literacy<br>
|-
|-
|грамота<br>
| грамотный<br>  
|literacy<br>
| literate<br>
|-
|-
|грамотный<br>
| гренадер<br>  
|literate<br>
| grenadier<br>
|-
|-
|гренадер<br>
| губерния<br>  
|grenadier<br>
| province, guberniya (adm. unit)<br>
|-
|-
|губерния, губ.<br>
| гусар<br>  
|province, guberniya (adm. unit)<br>
| hussar, light cavalryman<br>
|-
|гусар<br>
|hussar, light cavalryman<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Д===
=== Д ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|дано<br>
| дано<br>  
|was given<br>
| was given<br>
|-
|-
|дать<br>
| дать<br>  
|to give<br>
| to give<br>
|-
|-
|два<br>
| два<br>  
|two (masc., neut.)
|  
|-
two (masc., neut.)  
|двадцатый<br>
 
|twentieth<br>
|-
|двадцать<br>
|twenty<br>
|-
|две<br>
|two (fem.)<br>
|-
|двенадцатый<br>
|twelfth<br>
|-
|двенадцать<br>
|twelve<br>
|-
|двести<br>
|two hundred<br>
|-
|-
|движимость<br>
| двадцатый<br>  
|movable property<br>
| twentieth<br>
|-
|-
|двойни<br>
| двадцать<br>  
|twins<br>
| twenty<br>
|-
|-
|двойня<br>
| две<br>  
|twin<br>
| two (fem.)<br>
|-
|-
|дворянин<br>
| двенадцатый<br>  
|nobleman
| twelfth<br>
|-
|-
|дворянка<br>
| двенадцать<br>  
|noblewoman
| twelve<br>
|-
|-
|дворянский род<br>
| двести<br>  
|noble line, noble family
| two hundred<br>
|-
|-
|дворянство<br>
| движимость<br>  
|nobility
| movable property<br>
|-
|-
|двоюродная сестра<br>
| двойни<br>  
|female cousin
| twins<br>
|-
|-
|двоюродная брат<br>
| двойня<br>  
|male cousin
| twin<br>
|-
|-
|двухсотый<br>
| дворянин<br>  
|two hundredth
| nobleman
|-
|-
|дева<br>
| дворянка<br>  
|maiden
| noblewoman
|-
|-
|деверь<br>
| дворянский род<br>  
|brother in law, husband's brother
| noble line, noble family
|-
|-
|девица<br>
| дворянство<br>  
|maiden, unmarried woman
| nobility
|-
|-
|Девичья фамилия<br>
| двоюродная сестра<br>  
|maiden name
| female cousin
|-
|-
|Девочка<br>
| двоюродная брат<br>  
|little girl
| male cousin
|-
|-
|девушка<br>
| двухсотый<br>  
|girl, maiden
| two hundredth
|-
|-
|девяносто<br>
| дева<br>  
|ninety
| maiden
|-
|-
|девяностый<br>
| деверь<br>  
|ninetieth
| brother in law, husband's brother
|-
|-
|девятисотый<br>
| девица<br>  
|nine hundredth
| maiden, unmarried woman
|-
|-
|девятнадцатый<br>
| Девичья фамилия<br>  
|nineteenth
| maiden name
|-
|-
|девятнадцать<br>
| Девочка<br>  
|nineteen
| little girl
|-
|-
|девятый<br>
| девушка<br>  
|ninth
| girl, maiden
|-
|-
|девять<br>
| девяносто<br>  
|nine
| ninety
|-
|-
|девятьсот<br>
| девяностый<br>  
|nine hundred
| ninetieth
|-
|-
|дед<br>
| девятисотый<br>  
|grandfather
| nine hundredth
|-
|-
|дедушка<br>
| девятнадцатый<br>  
|grandfather
| nineteenth
|-
|-
|декабрь<br>
| девятнадцать<br>  
|December
| nineteen
|-
|-
|дело<br>
| девятый<br>  
|file, business, matter
| ninth
|-
|-
|день<br>
| девять<br>  
|day
| nine
|-
|-
|день рождения<br>
| девятьсот<br>  
|birthday
| nine hundred
|-
|-
|дер.
| дед<br>
|village (abbreviation of деревня)
| grandfather
|-
|-
|деревня<br>
| дедушка<br>  
|village
| grandfather
|-
|-
|десятый<br>
| декабрь<br>  
|tenth
| December
|-
|-
|десять<br>
| дело<br>  
|ten
| file, business, matter
|-
|-
|дети, детей<br>
| день<br>  
|children, children (accusative/genitive)
| day
|-
|-
|детство<br>
| день рождения<br>  
|childhood
| birthday
|-
|-
|дифтерии
| деревня<br>
|diphtheria
| village (derevnya)
|-
|-
|дисентерия,
| десятый<br>  
 
| tenth
 
дизентерия<br>
|dysentery
|-
|-
|дитя<br>
| десять<br>  
|child
| ten
|-
|-
|днём<br>
| дети<br>  
|during the day, in the afternoon
| children
|-
|-
|до<br>
| детство<br>  
|until, up to, before
| childhood
|-
|-
|договор<br>
| дисентерия<br>  
|agreement
| dysentery
|-
|-
|документ<br>
| дитя<br>  
|document
| child
|-
|-
|дом<br>
| днём<br>  
|house, home, building
| during the day, in the afternoon
|-
|-
|домохозяйка
| до<br>
|housewife
| until, up to, before
|-
|-
|донести<br>
| договор<br>  
|to inform
| agreement
|-
|-
|достигать совершеннолетия<br>
| документ<br>  
|to com of age, attain one's majority
| document
|-
|-
|дочь<br>
| дом<br>  
|daughter
| house, home, building
|-
|-
|Доярка<br>
| донести<br>  
|milkmaid
| to inform
|-
|-
|дровокол<br>
| достигать совершеннолетия<br>  
|woodcutter
| to com of age, attain one's majority
|-
|-
|дровосек<br>
| дочь<br>  
|woodcutter
| daughter
|-
|-
|дряхлость<br>
| Доярка<br>  
|decrepitude
| milkmaid
|-
|-
|дряхлость<br>
| дровокол<br>  
|decrepit
| woodcutter
|-
|-
|дьякон, диакон
| дровосек<br>
|deacon
| woodcutter
|-
|-
|дубильщик<br>
| дряхлость<br>  
|tanner
| decrepitude
|-
|-
|духовенство
| дряхлость<br>
|clergy
| decrepit
|-
|-
|духовная консистория<br>
| дубильщик<br>  
|diocese, consistory
| tanner
|-
|-
|душевнобольной<br>
| духовная консистория<br>  
|mentally ill
| diocese, consistory
|-
|-
|дыхавиц
| душевнобольной<br>
|breathing
| mentally ill
|-
|-
|дядя<br>
| дядя<br>  
|uncle
| uncle
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Е===
=== Е ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|Еврейские
| Еврейские  
|"Yevreyskie" or Jewish
| "Yevreyskie" or Jewish
|-
|-
|Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть
| Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть  
|"Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
| "Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
|-
|-
|его
| его  
|him, his
| him, his
|-
|-
|её
| её  
|her
| her
|-
|-
|евангелический<br>
| евангелический<br>  
|Protestant<br>
| Protestant<br>
|-
|-
|еврей<br>
| еврей<br>  
|Jew (m.)<br>
| Jew<br>
|-
|-
|еврейка<br>
| еврейка<br>  
|Jew (f.)<br>
| Jewess<br>
|-
|-
|единокровная сестра<br>
| единокровная сестра<br>
|half sister<br>
| half sister<br>
|-
|-
|единокровниый брат<br>
| единокровниый брат<br>
|half brother<br>
| half brother<br>
|-
|-
|епархия<br>
| епархия<br>
|diocese<br>
| diocese<br>
|-
|-
|епископ<br>
| епископ<br>
|bishop<br>
| bishop<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ё===
=== Ё ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|<br>
| <br>
|<br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
|
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>  
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


===Ж===
=== Ж ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|жар<br>
| жар<br>  
|Fever<br>
| Fever<br>
|-
|-
|железнодорожник<br>
| железнодорожник<br>  
|railroad worker<br>
| railroad worker<br>
|-
|-
|желудочной боли
| желтуха<br>
|stomach pain/sickness
| jaundice<br>
|-
|-
|желтуха<br>
| жена<br>  
|jaundice<br>
| wife
|-
|-
|жена<br>
| женатый<br>  
|wife
|  
|-
|женатый<br>
|
married man  
married man  


|-
|-
|женитьба<br>
| женитьба<br>  
|marriage (about a man)<br>
| marriage (about a man)<br>
|-
|-
|жениться<br>
| жениться<br>  
|to marry (about a man)
| to marry (about a man)
|-
|-
|женик<br>
| женик<br>  
|bridegroom, fiance
| bridegroom, fiance
|-
|-
|женский<br>
| женский<br>  
|female
| female
|-
|-
|женщина
| жестянщик<br>
|woman
| tinsmith
|-
|-
|жестянщик<br>
| живущий на пособии<br>  
|tinsmith
| welfare recipient
|-
|-
|живущий на пособии<br>
| жилец<br>  
|welfare recipient
| resident, lodger, occupant
|-
|-
|жилец<br>
| жилище<br>  
|resident, lodger, occupant
| dwelling
|-
|-
|жилище<br>
| житель<br>  
|dwelling
| inhabitant, occupant
|-
|-
|житель<br>
| жительство<br>  
|inhabitant, occupant
| residence, dwelling
|-
|-
|жительство<br>
| жительствующий<br>  
|residence, dwelling
| residing
|-
|-
|жительствующий<br>
| жить<br>  
|residing
| to live, to dwell, to reside
|-
|-
|жить<br>
| <br>  
|to live, to dwell, to reside
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===З===
=== З ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|заграничный<br>
|foreign<br>
|-
|ЗАГС
|civil registration (abbreviation of записи актов гражданского состояния)
|-
|заключённый<br>
|(prisoner), concluded<br>
|-
|заключить<br>
|to conclude, to perform<br>
|-
|закон<br>
|law<br>
|-
|-
|законная жена<br>
| заграничный<br>  
|lawful wife<br>
| foreign<br>
|-
|-
|законнорождённый<br>
| заключённый<br>  
|legitimately born<br>
| (prisoner), concluded<br>
|-
|-
|законность<br>
| заключить<br>  
|legitimacy<br>
| to conclude, to perform<br>
|-
|-
|законный<br>
| закон<br>  
|legal, legitimate, lawful<br>
| law<br>
|-
|-
|замерзшый<br>
| законная жена<br>  
|frozen<br>
| lawful wife<br>
|-
|-
|замечание<br>
| законнорожённый<br>  
|remark<br>
| legitimately born<br>
|-
|-
|замужество<br>
| законность<br>  
|marriage (about a woman)<br>
| legitimacy<br>
|-
|-
|замужняя<br>
| законный<br>  
|married (about a woman)<br>
| legal, legitimate, lawful<br>
|-
|-
|занятие<br>
| замерзшый<br>  
|occupation<br>
| frozen<br>
|-
|-
|запад<br>
| замечание<br>  
|west<br>
| remark<br>
|-
|-
|запасной рядовой
| замужество<br>
|reserve soldier, reserve private
| marriage (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
|запасный ветеринарный фельдшер
| замужняя<br>
|emergency veterinarian
| married (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
|западный<br>
| занятие<br>  
|western<br>
| occupation<br>
|-
|-
|записи актов гражданского состояния
| запад<br>
|records of acts of civil status, civil registration records, vital records
| west<br>
|-
|-
|записи передвиженния<br>
| запдный<br>  
|moving record<br>
| western<br>
|-
|-
|запись<br>
| записи передвиженния<br>  
|record(ing), registration<br>
| moving record<br>
|-
|-
|звание
| запись<br>
|occupation, rank
| record(ing), registration<br>
|-
|-
|здешний<br>
| здешний<br>  
|local<br>
| local<br>
|-
|-
|землевладелец<br>
| землевладелец<br>  
|landowner<br>
| landowner<br>
|-
|-
|земледелец<br>
| земледелец<br>  
|peasant, farmer<br>
| peasant, farmer<br>
|-
|-
|земледелие<br>
| земледелие<br>  
|agriculture<br>
| agriculture<br>
|-
|-
|земля<br>
| земля<br>  
|earth, land<br>
| earth, land<br>
|-
|-
|земляк<br>
| земляк<br>  
|fellow-countyman<br>
| fellow-countyman<br>
|-
|-
|землячка<br>
| землячка<br>  
|fellow-country woman<br>
| fellow-country woman<br>
|-
|-
|зима<br>
| зима<br>  
|winter<br>
| winter<br>
|-
|-
|золовка<br>
| золовка<br>  
|sister-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
| sister-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|-
|-
|зять<br>
| зять<br>  
|son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
| son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===И===
=== И ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|и<br>
|and<br>
|-
|и так далее (и т. д.)<br>
|etc., and so forth, miscellaneous<br>
|-
|из<br>
|from, out of<br>
|-
|-
|издозчик<br>
| и<br>  
|coachman<br>
| and<br>
|-
|-
|изгнанник<br>
| и так далее (и т. д.)<br>  
|exiled person<br>
| etc., and so forth, miscellaneous<br>
|-
|-
|или<br>
| из<br>  
|or<br>
| from, out of<br>
|-
|-
|имение<br>
| издозчик<br>  
|estate<br>
| coachman<br>
|-
|-
|именной указатель
| изгнанник<br>
|name register (like an index at the back of a book)
| exiled person<br>
|-
|-
|иметь, имеет<br>
| или<br>  
|to have, has<br>
| or<br>
|-
|-
|иммигрант<br>
| имение<br>  
|immigrant<br>
| estate<br>
|-
|-
|имущество<br>
| иметь<br>  
|property<br>
| to have<br>
|-
|-
|имя, имена<br>
| иммигрант<br>  
|name, names (given name)<br>
| immigrant<br>
|-
|-
|инженер<br>
| имущество<br>  
|engineer<br>
| property<br>
|-
|-
|инфлюэнция, инфлюэнсия
| имя<br>
|influenza
| name, (given name)<br>
|-
|-
|исповедные ведомости<br>
| инженер<br>  
|confession lists<br>
| engineer<br>
|-
|-
|иудей, иуд., иудейский
| исповедные ведомости<br>
|Jew, Jewish
| confession lists<br>
|-
|-
|их<br>
| их<br>  
|them, their<br>
| them, their<br>
|-
|-
|июль<br>
| июль<br>  
|July<br>
| July<br>
|-
|-
|июнь<br>
| июнь<br>  
|June<br>
| June<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Й===
=== Й ===
No Russian words begin with Й. Only some foreign words.
 
<br>
 
===К===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|к/ко<br>
| <br>  
|to<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|кто
| <br>
|who
| <br>
|-
|-
|кем, кѣмъ
| <br>
|by whom
| <br>
|-
|-
|какимъ
| <br>
|(by) which
|  
|-
|-
|какое
| <br>
|which, what
| <br>
|-
|-
|кабатчик<br>
| <br>  
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
| <br>
|-
|}
|кавалерист<br>
 
|cavalryman<br>
<br>  
|-
 
|казак<br>
=== К  ===
|Cossack<br>
 
|-
{| width="70%" border="1"
|казаки
|Cossacks
|-
|казённая палата<br>
|provincial financial office<br>
|-
|-
|казенный крестьянин
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''
|state peasant
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|как видно<br>
| к<br>  
|as is seen<br>
| to<br>
|-
|-
|калека<br>
| кто
|cripple<br>
| who
|-
|-
|калесный мастер<br>
| кем, кѣмъ
|wheelwright<br>
| by whom
|-
|-
|каменщик<br>
| какимъ
|mason, bricklayer<br>
| (by) which
|-
|-
|канцлер<br>
| какое
|chancellor<br>
| which, what
|-
|-
|капитан<br>
| кабатчик<br>  
|captain<br>
| innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|-
|капрал<br>
| кавалерист<br>  
|corporal<br>
| cavalryman<br>
|-
|-
|Караимы
| казак<br>
|Crimean Karaites
| Cossack<br>
|-
|-
|караул<br>
| казённая палата<br>  
|guard<br>
| provincial financial office<br>
|-
|-
|католический<br>
| как видно<br>  
|Catholic (adj.)<br>
| as is seen<br>
|-
|-
|кашель<br>
| калека<br>  
|cough<br>
| cripple<br>
|-
|-
|квартира, кв.
| калесный мастер<br>
|apartment, apt. (abbreviation)
| wheelwright<br>
|-
|-
|кладбище<br>
| каменщик<br>  
|cemetery<br>
| mason, bricklayer<br>
|-
|-
|книга<br>
| канцлер<br>  
|book<br>
| chancellor<br>
|-
|-
|коклюш
| капитан<br>
|whooping cough
| captain<br>
|-
|-
|колония<br>
| капрал<br>  
|settlment, colony<br>
| corporal<br>
|-
|-
|командирован на службу<br>
| караул<br>  
|ordered, commissioned to service<br>
| guard<br>
|-
|-
|конвульсии
| католический<br>
|convulsions
| Catholic (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|кондуктор<br>
| кашель<br>  
|conductor, guard<br>
| cough<br>
|-
|-
|кончина<br>
| кладбище<br>  
|demise, death<br>
| cemetery<br>
|-
|-
|конюх<br>
| книга<br>  
|groom, stableman<br>
| book<br>
|-
|-
|коробейник<br>
| колония<br>  
|peddler<br>
| settlment, colony<br>
|-
|-
|корь<br>
| командирован на службу<br>  
|measles<br>
| ordered, commissioned to service<br>
|-
|-
|костёл<br>
| кондуктор<br>  
|church (Catholic)<br>
| conductor, guard<br>
|-
|-
|который<br>
| кончина<br>  
|which, that, who<br>
| demise, death<br>
|-
|-
|кочегар<br>
| конюх<br>  
|stoker<br>
| groom, stableman<br>
|-
|-
|красильщик<br>
| коробейник<br>  
|dyer<br>
| peddler<br>
|-
|-
|крвавка
| корь<br>
|blood loss from a bleeding wound
| measles<br>
|-
|-
|крепостной<br>
| костёл<br>  
|serf<br>
| church (Catholic)<br>
|-
|-
|крепостний крестьянин
| который<br>
|serf
| which, that, who<br>
|-
|-
|крестить<br>
| кочегар<br>  
|to christen, to baptize<br>
| stoker<br>
|-
|-
|крестник<br>
| красильщик<br>  
|godson<br>
| dyer<br>
|-
|-
|крестница<br>
| крепостной<br>  
|goddaughter<br>
| serf<br>
|-
|-
|крёстные родители<br>
| крестить<br>  
|godparents<br>
| to christen, to baptize<br>
|-
|-
|крестьяне<br>
| кретник<br>  
|peasants<br>
| godson<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянин<br>
| крестница<br>  
|peasant (m.)<br>
| goddaughter<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянин владеющий землей<br>
| крёстные родители<br>  
|landowning farmer<br>
| godparents<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянин государственный
| крестьяне<br>
|state peasant
| peasants<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянка<br>
| крестьянин<br>  
|peasant (f.)<br>
| peasant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|крещение <br>
| крестьянин владеющий землей<br>  
|baptism, christening<br>
| landowning farmer<br>
|-
|-
|круп
| кестянка<br>
|croup
| peasant (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|ксендз<br>
| крещение <br>  
|priest (Catholic)<br>
| baptism, christening<br>
|-
|-
|кузнец<br>
| ксендз<br>
|blacksmith<br>
| priest (Catholic)<br>
|-
|-
|купец<br>
| кузнец<br>  
|merchant<br>
| blacksmith<br>
|-
|-
|купцы
| купец<br>
|merchants
| merchant<br>
|-
|-
|кухарка<br>
| кухарка<br>  
|cook<br>
| cook<br>
|-
|-
|кучер<br>
| кучер<br>  
|coachman<br>
| coachman<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Л===
=== Л ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|лакей<br>
| лакей<br>  
|lackey, footman<br>
| lackey, footman<br>
|-
|-
|лейтенант<br>
| лейтенант<br>  
|lietenant<br>
| lietenant<br>
|-
|-
|лесоруб<br>
| лесоруб<br>  
|lumberjack<br>
| lumberjack<br>
|-
|-
|лет<br>
| лет<br>  
|years, years old (age)<br>
| years<br>
|-
|-
|лето<br>
| лето<br>  
|summer<br>
| summer<br>
|-
|-
|летом<br>
| летом<br>  
|in the summer<br>
| in the summer<br>
|-
|-
|лёгкое<br>
| лёгкое<br>  
|lung, light (adj.)<br>
| lung, light (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|литейщик<br>
| литейщик<br>  
|foundry worker<br>
| foundry worker<br>
|-
|-
|лихорадка<br>
| лихорадка<br>  
|fever<br>
| fever<br>
|-
|-
|лицо<br>
| лицо<br>  
|person, individual, face<br>
| face<br>
|-
|-
|лично<br>
| лично<br>  
|personally<br>
| personally<br>
|-
|-
|лодочник<br>
| лодочник<br>  
|boatman<br>
| boatman<br>
|-
|-
|лоцман<br>
| лоцман<br>  
|harbor pilot<br>
| harbor pilot<br>
|-
|-
|лудильщик<br>
| лудильщик<br>  
|tinsmith<br>
| tinsmith<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===М===
=== М ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|май<br>
| май<br>  
|May<br>
| May<br>
|-
|-
|майор<br>
| майор<br>  
|major<br>
| major<br>
|-
|-
|маленький<br>
| маленький<br>  
|small, little,
|  
|-
small, little,
|малолетство
 
|underage, childhood
|-
|-
|маляр<br>
| маляр<br>  
|painter<br>
| painter<br>
|-
|-
|мама<br>
| мама<br>  
|mama<br>
| mama<br>
|-
|-
|март<br>
| март<br>  
|March<br>
| March<br>
|-
|-
|мастер<br>
| мастер<br>  
|master, foreman<br>
| master, foreman<br>
|-
|-
|матрос<br>
| матрос<br>  
|seaman<br>
| seaman<br>
|-
|-
|мать/матерь<br>
| мать<br>  
|mother<br>
| mother<br>
|-
|-
|мачеха<br>
| мачеха<br>  
|stepmother<br>
| stepmother<br>
|-
|-
|между<br>
| между<br>  
|between<br>
| between<br>
|-
|-
|медник<br>
| медник<br>  
|brazier, coppersmith<br>
| brazier, coppersmith<br>
|-
|-
|мельник<br>
| мельник<br>  
|miller<br>
| miller<br>
|-
|-
|мертворождённый<br>
| мертворождённый<br>  
|stillborn<br>
| stillborn<br>
|-
|-
|местечко
| место<br>
|small village or town; often referring to a shtetl (small Jewish village)
| place<br>
|-
|-
|место<br>
| месяц<br>  
|place<br>
| month<br>
|-
|-
|месяц<br>
| метрика<br>  
|month<br>
| birth certificate<br>
|-
|-
|метрика<br>
| метрическая книга<br>  
|birth certificate<br>
| vital records; register of births, marriages, and deaths<br>
|-
|-
|метрическая книга
| метрическое свидетельство<br>
|metrical book (metrical record, vital record book, register of births, marriages, and deaths)
| birth certificate<br>
|-
|-
|метрические книги
| меховщик<br>
|metrical books (metrical records)
| furrier<br>
|-
|-
|метрическое свидетельство
| младенец<br>
|birth certificate
| child, infant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|меховщик
| младенца<br>
|furrier
| child, infant (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|мещанин
| младенчество<br>
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (m.)
| infancy<br>
|-
|-
|мещанка
| могила<br>
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (f.)
| grave<br>
|-
|-
|младенец<br>
| молодой<br>  
|child, infant (m.)<br>
| young<br>
|-
|-
|младенца
| маряк<br>
|child, infant (f.)
| seaman<br>
|-
|-
|младенчество
| мусульманский<br>
|infancy
| Islamic<br>
|-
|-
|могила
| муж<br>
|grave
| husband<br>
|-
|-
|молодой<br>
| мужик<br>  
|young<br>
| peasant<br>
|-
|-
|моряк<br>
| мужской<br>  
|seaman<br>
| male<br>
|-
|-
|мусульманский<br>
| мужчина<br>  
|Islamic<br>
| man<br>
|-
|-
|муж<br>
| мэр<br>  
|husband<br>
| mayor<br>
|-
|-
|мужик<br>
| мясник<br>  
|peasant<br>
| butcher<br>
|-
|мужской<br>
|male<br>
|-
|мужчина<br>
|man<br>
|-
|мэр<br>
|mayor<br>
|-
|мясник<br>
|butcher<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Н===
=== Н ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|на<br>
|in, on, at, to<br>
|-
|найдёныш<br>
|foundling<br>
|-
|наниматель<br>
|tenant, employer<br>
|-
|народ<br>
|people<br>
|-
|-
|наследник<br>
| на<br>  
|heir<br>
| in, on, at, to<br>
|-
|-
|наследование<br>
| найдёныш<br>  
|inheritance<br>
| foundling<br>
|-
|-
|настоящий<br>
| наниматель<br>  
|present (adj.) this, real, genuine<br>
| tenant, employer<br>
|-
|-
|национальность
| народ<br>
|nationality
| people<br>
|-
|-
|начальник<br>
| наследник<br>  
|head, chief, superior<br>
| heir<br>
|-
|-
|не<br>
| наследование<br>  
|no, not<br>
| inheritance<br>
|-
|-
|нет<br>
| настоящий<br>  
|no<br>
| present (adj.) this, real, genuine<br>
|-
|-
|невеста<br>
| начальник<br>  
|bride, fiancee<br>
| head, chief, superior<br>
|-
|-
|невестка<br>
| не<br>  
|dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)<br>
| no, not<br>
|-
|-
|неграмотный<br>
| нет<br>  
|illiterate<br>
| no<br>
|-
|-
|недвижимость<br>
| невеста<br>  
|immovable property<br>
| bride, fiancee<br>
|-
|-
|неделя<br>
| невестка<br>  
|week<br>
| dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)<br>
|-
|-
|незаконнорождённый<br>
| неграмотный<br>  
|illegitimately born<br>
| illiterate<br>
|-
|-
|немец<br>
| недвижимость<br>  
|German (m.)<br>
| immovable property<br>
|-
|-
|нем., немецкий
| неделя<br>
|German (language)
| week<br>
|-
|-
|немка<br>
| незаконнорождённый<br>  
|German (f.)<br>
| illegitimately born<br>
|-
|-
|немой<br>
| немец<br>  
|dumb<br>
| German (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|немощный<br>
| немка<br>  
|infirm<br>
| German (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|немощь<br>
| немой<br>  
|infirmity
| dumb<br>
|-
|-
|неопределенная болезнь
| немощный<br>
|undetermined disease
| infirm<br>
|-
|-
|неправильный<br>
| немощь<br>  
|wrong, incorrect
| infirmity
|-
|-
|несовершеннолетие<br>
| неправильный<br>  
|underage, minority
| wrong, incorrect
|-
|-
|несчастья убитъ
| несовершеннолетие<br>
|killed in an unfortunate accident
| underage, minority
|-
|-
|нижеподписавшийця<br>
| нижеподписавшийця<br>  
|undersigned
| undersigned
|-
|-
|нищий<br>
| нищий<br>  
|beggar
| beggar
|-
|-
|новобранец<br>
| новобранец<br>  
|recruit
| recruit
|-
|-
|новобрачные<br>
| новобрачные<br>  
|newlyweds
| newlyweds
|-
|-
|новорождённый<br>
| новорождённый<br>  
|newborn
| newborn
|-
|-
|нос<br>
| нос<br>  
|nose
| nose
|-
|-
|нотариус<br>
| нотариус<br>  
|notary
| notary
|-
|-
|ночи, ночью<br>
| ночи, ночью<br>  
|at night
| at night
|-
|-
|ночь<br>
| ночь<br>  
|night<br>
| night<br>
|-
|-
|ноябрь<br>
| ноябрь<br>  
|November<br>
| November<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===О===
=== О ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|o/об/обо
|about
|-
|оба<br>
|both<br>
|-
|область<br>
|province, region, oblast<br>
|-
|образование<br>
|education<br>
|-
|обручение<br>
|engagement, betrothal<br>
|-
|-
|обряд<br>
| o
|rite, ceremony<br>
| about
|-
|-
|обструкция, опструкция
| оба<br>
|obstruction
| both<br>
|-
|-
|общество<br>
| область<br>  
|society, company, community<br>
| province, region, oblast<br>
|-
|-
|объялять<br>
| образование<br>  
|to declare, state, announce<br>
| education<br>
|-
|-
|обыватель
| обручение<br>
|commoner, inhabitant
| engagement, betrothal<br>
|-
|-
|обыски брачные<br>
| обряд<br>  
|pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)<br>
| rite, ceremony<br>
|-
|-
|оглашение<br>
| обшество<br>  
|marriage bans, announcement<br>
| society<br>
|-
|-
|оглашение имен вступающих в брак<br>
| объялять<br>  
|publication of the names of those about to marry<br>
| to declare, state, announce<br>
|-
|-
|один<br>
| обыски брачные<br>  
|one (masc.)<br>
| pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)<br>
|-
|-
|одиночка
| оглашение<br>
|sole occupant of household
| marriage bans, announcement<br>
|-
|-
|одна<br>
| оглашение имен вступающих в брак<br>  
|one (fem.)<br>
| publication of the names of those about to marry<br>
|-
|-
|одно<br>
| один<br>  
|one (neuter)<br>
| one (masc.)<br>
|-
|-
|округ<br>
| одна<br>  
|okrug, district, territory, area<br>
| one (fem.)<br>
|-
|-
|октябрь<br>
| одно<br>  
|October<br>
| one (neuter)<br>
|-
|-
|он<br>
| округ<br>  
|he<br>
| okrug, district, territory, area<br>
|-
|-
|она<br>
| октябрь<br>  
|she<br>
| October<br>
|-
|-
|оно<br>
| он<br>  
|it<br>
| he<br>
|-
|-
|ономедни
| она<br>
|the other day, a couple of days ago, the day before yesterday (or, these days, recently)
| she<br>
|-
|-
|они<br>
| оно<br>  
|they<br>
| it<br>
|-
|-
|опекун<br>
| они<br>  
|guardian<br>
| they<br>
|-
|-
|опись<br>
| опекун<br>  
|list, inventory, series<br>
| guardian<br>
|-
|-
|оплатить<br>
| опись<br>  
|to pay<br>
| list, inventory, series<br>
|-
|-
|опструкция, обструкция
| оплатить<br>
|obstruction
| to pay<br>
|-
|-
|опухоль<br>
| опухоль<br>  
|tumor, swelling<br>
| tumor, swelling<br>
|-
|-
|осень<br>
| осень<br>  
|autumn, fall<br>
| autumn, fall<br>
|-
|-
|осенью<br>
| осенью<br>  
|in the autumn, in the fall<br>
| in the autumn, in the fall<br>
|-
|-
|основание<br>
| основание<br>  
|basis, foundation<br>
| basis, foundation<br>
|-
|-
|оспа<br>
| оспа<br>  
|smallpox<br>
| smallpox<br>
|-
|-
|от<br>
| от<br>  
|from<br>
| from<br>
|-
|-
|отлел
| отец<br>
|department, office
| father<br>
|-
|-
|отец<br>
| отставка<br>  
|father<br>
| retirement, discharge<br>
|-
|-
|отставка<br>
| отставной<br>  
|retirement, discharge<br>
| retired<br>
|-
|-
|отставной<br>
| отсуствующий<br>  
|retired<br>
| absent<br>
|-
|-
|отсуствующий<br>
| отчество<br>  
|absent<br>
| patronymic<br>
|-
|-
|отчество<br>
| отчим<br>  
|patronymic<br>
| stepfather<br>
|-
|-
|отчим<br>
| охрана<br>  
|stepfather<br>
| guard<br>
|-
|-
|охрана<br>
| о родившихся
|guard<br>
| births (literally: about those who were born)
|-
|-
|о родившихся
| о бракосочетавшихся
|births (literally: about those who were born)
| marriages (literally: about those who were married)<br>
|-
|-
|о бракосочетавшихся
| о разведшихся
|marriages (literally: about those who were married)<br>
| divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
|-
|-
|о разведшихся
| о умершихъ
|divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
| deaths (literally: about those who died)<br>
|-
|-
|об умершихъ
| <br>
|deaths (literally: about those who died)<br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===П===
=== П ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|падучя
|epilepsy
|-
|падчерица<br>
|stepdaughter<br>
|-
|-
|палач<br>
| падчерица<br>  
|butcher, executioner<br>
| stepdaughter<br>
|-
|-
|папа<br>
| палач<br>  
|papa, dad<br>
| butcher, executioner<br>
|-
|-
|паралижя
| папа<br>
|paralysis
| papa, dad<br>
|-
|-
|паралич
| паспорт<br>
|palsy
| passport<br>
|-
|-
|паспорт<br>
| паспортный<br>  
|passport<br>
| passport (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|паспортный<br>
| пасынок<br>  
|passport (adj.)<br>
| stepson<br>
|-
|-
|пасынок<br>
| паяльщик<br>  
|stepson<br>
| tinsmith, plumber<br>
|-
|-
|пачерица
| пекарь<br>
|step daughter
| baker<br>
|-
|-
|паяльщик<br>
| первый<br>  
|tinsmith, plumber<br>
| first<br>
|-
|-
|пекарь<br>
| перевозчик<br>  
|baker<br>
| ferryman<br>
|-
|-
|первый<br>
| переплётчик<br>  
|first<br>
| bookbinder<br>
|-
|-
|перевозчик<br>
| печатник<br>  
|ferryman<br>
| printer<br>
|-
|-
|переплётчик<br>
| печать<br>  
|bookbinder<br>
| stamp, seal, press<br>
|-
|-
|печатник<br>
| писарь<br>  
|printer<br>
| clerk, scribe<br>
|-
|-
|печать<br>
| племянник<br>  
|stamp, seal, press<br>
| nephew<br>
|-
|-
|писарь<br>
| племянница<br>  
|clerk, scribe<br>
| niece<br>
|-
|-
|письмоводитель
| плотник<br>
|clerk
| carpenter<br>
|-
|-
|племянник<br>
| повар<br>  
|nephew<br>
| cook<br>
|-
|-
|племянница<br>
| повинность<br>  
|niece<br>
| obligation<br>
|-
|-
|плотник<br>
| погребение<br>  
|carpenter<br>
| burial<br>
|-
|-
|повар<br>
| подать<br>  
|cook<br>
| to submit<br>
|-
|-
|повинность<br>
| поденщик<br>  
|obligation<br>
| day laborer<br>
|-
|-
|после
| подлинник<br>
|after
| original<br>
|-
|-
|пограничная стража
| подлиный
|border corps
|  
|-
authentic<br>  
|погребение<br>
|burial<br>
|-
|подать<br>
|to submit<br>
|-
|поденщик<br>
|day laborer<br>
|-
|подлинник<br>
|original<br>
|-
|подлиный
|
authentic<br>


|-
|-
|подпись<br>
| подпись<br>  
|signature<br>
| signature<br>
|-
|-
|подпоручик
| пожар<br>
|second lieutenant
| fire<br>
|-
|-
|пожар<br>
| пожарный<br>  
|fire<br>
| fireman<br>
|-
|-
|пожарный<br>
| пожилой<br>  
|fireman<br>
| elderly<br>
|-
|-
|пожилой<br>
| позволение<br>  
|elderly<br>
| permission<br>
|-
|-
|позволение<br>
| покойник<br>  
|permission<br>
| the deceased (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|покойник<br>
| покойница<br>  
|the deceased (m.)<br>
| the deceased (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|покойница<br>
| покойный<br>  
|the deceased (f.)<br>
| deceased, late<br>
|-
|-
|покойный<br>
| пол<br>  
|deceased, late<br>
| gender, sex<br>
|-
|-
|пол<br>
| полагать<br>  
|gender, sex<br>
| to suppose, to propose<br>
|-
|-
|полагать<br>
| полдень<br>  
|to suppose, to propose<br>
| noon, midday<br>
|-
|-
|полдень<br>
| полк<br>  
|noon, midday<br>
| regiment<br>
|-
|-
|полк<br>
| полковник<br>  
|regiment<br>
| colonel<br>
|-
|-
|полковник<br>
| полночь<br>  
|colonel<br>
| midnight<br>
|-
|-
|полночь<br>
| получить<br>  
|midnight<br>
| to receive<br>
|-
|-
|получить<br>
| понедельник<br>  
|to receive<br>
| Monday<br>
|-
|-
|понедельник<br>
| по полудни<br>  
|Monday<br>
| in the afternoon<br>
|-
|-
|понос
| по полуночи<br>
|diarrhea
| after midnight<br>
|-
|-
|по полудни<br>
| портниха<br>  
|in the afternoon<br>
| dressmaker<br>
|-
|-
|по полуночи<br>
| портной<br>  
|after midnight<br>
| tailor<br>
|-
|-
|порока сердца
| поручитель<br>
|heart disease
| bondsman, guarantor<br>
|-
|-
|портниха<br>
| поселенец<br>  
|dressmaker<br>
| settler<br>
|-
|-
|портной<br>
| поселение<br>  
|tailor<br>
| settlement<br>
|-
|-
|поручитель<br>
| посемйные списки<br>  
|bondsman, guarantor<br>
| family lists <br>
|-
|-
|порушения
| послужной список<br>
|collapse, fall
| service record<br>
|-
|-
|поселенец<br>
| пособие<br>  
|settler<br>
| allowance, benefit, welfare<br>
|-
|-
|поселение<br>
| постоянный<br>  
|settlement<br>
| permanent<br>
|-
|-
|посемйные списки<br>
| потомок<br>  
|family lists <br>
| descendant, offspring<br>
|-
|-
|послужной список<br>
| потомок по прямой линии<br>  
|service record<br>
| direct discendant<br>
|-
|-
|пособие<br>
| потомственный<br>  
|allowance, benefit, welfare<br>
| hereditary<br>
|-
|-
|постоянный<br>
| потомство<br>  
|permanent<br>
| posterity, descendants<br>
|-
|-
|потомок<br>
| похоронен<br>  
|descendant, offspring<br>
| buried (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|потомок по прямой линии<br>
| похоронена<br>  
|direct discendant<br>
| buried (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|потомственный<br>
| похороны<br>  
|hereditary<br>
| burial<br>
|-
|-
|потомственный почетный
| почтальон<br>
|hereditary honorary citizen, or a hereditary elite social class
| mailman<br>
|-
|-
|потомство<br>
| прабабушка<br>  
|posterity, descendants<br>
| great grandmother<br>
|-
|-
|похоронен<br>
| правнук<br>  
|buried (m.)<br>
| great grandson<br>
|-
|-
|похоронена<br>
| правнучка<br>  
|buried (f.)<br>
| great grandaughter<br>
|-
|-
|похороны<br>
| православный<br>  
|burial<br>
| Orthodox<br>
|-
|-
|почётные граждане
| прадед<br>
|honorary citizens, an elite social class, could be hereditary or personal.
| great grandfather<br>
|-
|-
|почтальон<br>
| прапрабабушка<br>  
|mailman<br>
| great great grandmother<br>
|-
|-
|прабабушка<br>
| прапрадед<br>  
|great grandmother<br>
| great great grandfather<br>
|-
|-
|правнук<br>
| прародитель<br>  
|great grandson<br>
| progenitor<br>
|-
|-
|правнучка<br>
| предбрачные свидетельства<br>  
|great grandaughter<br>
| premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related<br>
|-
|-
|православный, православное вероисповедание<br>
| предок<br>  
|Orthodox Christian, Russian Orthodox<br>
| ancestro, forefather<br>
|-
|-
|прадед<br>
| представить<br>  
|great grandfather<br>
| to produce, to resent<br>
|-
|-
|прапрабабушка<br>
| предшествовать<br>  
|great great grandmother<br>
| to precede<br>
|-
|-
|прапрадед<br>
| призвание<br>  
|great great grandfather<br>
| vocation, calling<br>
|-
|-
|прародитель<br>
| призывник<br>  
|progenitor<br>
| conscript<br>
|-
|-
|предбрачные свидетельства<br>
| призывные списки<br>  
|premaritial certificates documenting that the bride and groom are not related<br>
| recruitment lists<br>
|-
|-
|предок<br>
| приказчик<br>  
|ancestro, forefather<br>
| shop assistnace, salesman<br>
|-
|-
|представить<br>
| принадлежать<br>  
|to produce, to resent<br>
| to belong to<br>
|-
|-
|предшествовать<br>
| принять<br>  
|to precede<br>
| to accept, to receive<br>
|-
|-
|привилегированный
| присутствие<br>
|privileged, favored
| presence<br>
|-
|-
|призвание<br>
| присутствующий<br>  
|vocation, calling<br>
| to be present, in attendance<br>
|-
|-
|призывник<br>
| приход<br>  
|conscript<br>
| parish, ward<br>
|-
|-
|призывные списки<br>
| приходский<br>  
|recruitment lists<br>
| parish, ward (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|приказчик<br>
| причат<br>  
|shop assistnace, salesman<br>
| clergy<br>
|-
|-
|призрев., призреваемый
| приют<br>
|a ward (child under protection of a guardian)
| orphanage<br>
|-
|-
|призивные списки
| продавец<br>
|conscription lists
| salesman<br>
|-
|-
|принадлежать<br>
| продолжение<br>  
|to belong to<br>
| continuation<br>
|-
|-
|принять<br>
| пройсходить<br>  
|to accept, to receive<br>
| to descend<br>
|-
|-
|прислуг
| пройсхождение<br>
|servant (m.)
| descent, origin<br>
|-
|-
|прислуга
| произойти<br>
|servant (f.)
| to descend from<br>
|-
|-
|присутствие<br>
| прочитать<br>  
|presence<br>
| to read<br>
|-
|-
|присутствующий<br>
| прошение<br>  
|to be present, in attendance<br>
| request (noun)<br>
|-
|-
|приход<br>
| пятидесятый<br>  
|parish, ward<br>
| fiftieth<br>
|-
|-
|приходский<br>
| пятисотый<br>  
|parish, ward (adj.)<br>
| five hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|причат<br>
| пятнадцатый<br>  
|clergy<br>
| fifteenth<br>
|-
|-
|приют<br>
| пятница<br>  
|orphanage<br>
| Friday<br>
|-
|-
|продавец<br>
| пятый<br>  
|salesman<br>
| fifth<br>
|-
|-
|продолжение<br>
| пять<br>  
|continuation<br>
| five<br>
|-
|-
|происходить<br>
| пятьдесят<br>  
|to descend<br>
| fivty<br>
|-
|-
|происхождение<br>
| пятьсот<br>  
|descent, origin<br>
| five hundred<br>
|-
|-
|произойти<br>
| <br>  
|to descend from<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|прошение<br>
| <br>  
|request (noun)<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|псаломщик
| <br>  
|acolyte, parish clerk
| <br>
|-
|пятидесятый<br>
|fiftieth<br>
|-
|пятисотый<br>
|five hundredth<br>
|-
|пятнадцатый<br>
|fifteenth<br>
|-
|пятница<br>
|Friday<br>
|-
|пятый<br>
|fifth<br>
|-
|пять<br>
|five<br>
|-
|пятьдесят<br>
|fivty<br>
|-
|пятьсот<br>
|five hundred<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Р===
=== Р ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|раб<br>
|slave<br>
|-
|работа<br>
|work<br>
|-
|работник<br>
|laborer (m.)<br>
|-
|работница<br>
|laborer (f.)<br>
|-
|рабочий<br>
|worker<br>
|-
|раввин<br>
|rabbi<br>
|-
|район<br>
|district, raion (modern term)<br>
|-
|развалины
|ruins, remains
|-
|разведённый<br>
|divorced<br>
|-
|развод<br>
|divorce<br>
|-
|размещенный
|placed, situated, located, hosted (adj.)
|-
|-
|разносчик<br>
| Ревизские сказки
|peddler<br>
| "Reviska Skazka" or Revision Lists
|-
|-
|разрешение<br>
| раб<br>  
|permission<br>
| slave<br>
|-
|-
|разряд<br>
| работа<br>  
|level, degree, rank<br>
| work<br>
|-
|-
|рак<br>
| работник<br>  
|cancer<br>
| laborer (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|рак груди/рак в груде
| работница<br>
|breast cancer
| laborer (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|рак кожи
| рабочий<br>
|skin cancer
| worker<br>
|-
|-
|рак легкого
| раввин<br>
|lung cancer
| rabbi<br>
|-
|-
|рак желудка/рак в желудке
| район<br>
|stomach cancer
| district, raion (modern term)<br>
|-
|-
| раскольник<br>
| разведённый<br>  
| dissenter, dissident, nonconformist
| divorced<br>
|-
|-
|ребёнок<br>
| развод<br>  
|child<br>
| divorce<br>
|-
|-
|ревизские сказки
| разносчик<br>
|revision Lists
| peddler<br>
|-
|-
|реестр<br>
| разрешение<br>  
|register<br>
| permission<br>
|-
|-
|рекрутские списки
| разряд<br>
|recruitment lists
| level, degree, rank<br>
|-
|-
|религиозный<br>
| рак<br>  
|religious<br>
| cancer<br>
|-
|-
|религия<br>
| ребёнок<br>  
|religion, faith<br>
| child<br>
|-
|-
|ремесленник<br>
| реестр<br>  
|artisan, journeyman<br>
| register<br>
|-
|-
|ремесло<br>
| религиозный<br>  
|trade, occupation<br>
| religious<br>
|-
|-
|род<br>
| религия<br>  
|birth, family, kin, sort, type<br>
| religion, faith<br>
|-
|-
|родивщихся
| ремесленник<br>
|those who were born
| artisan, journeyman<br>
|-
|-
|родилась<br>
| ремесло<br>  
|was born (f.)<br>
| trade, occupation<br>
|-
|-
|родились<br>
| род<br>  
|were born<br>
| birth, family, kin, sort, type<br>
|-
|-
|родился<br>
| родилась<br>  
|was born (m.0<br>
| was born (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|родина<br>
| родились<br>  
|native land<br>
| were born<br>
|-
|-
|родители<br>
| родился<br>  
|parents<br>
| was born (m.0<br>
|-
|-
|родиться<br>
| родина<br>  
|to be born<br>
| native land<br>
|-
|-
|родовой<br>
| родители<br>  
|ancestral<br>
| parents<br>
|-
|-
|родом<br>
| родиться<br>  
|by origin<br>
| to be born<br>
|-
|-
|родоначальник<br>
| родовой<br>  
|ancestor (first generation of a clan)<br>
| ancestral<br>
|-
|-
|родословная<br>
| родом<br>  
|genealogy, pedigree (book)<br>
| by origin<br>
|-
|-
|родословная книга<br>
| родоначальник<br>  
|ancestry book<br>
| ancestor (first generation of a clan)<br>
|-
|-
|родословный<br>
| родословная<br>  
|genealogical<br>
| genealogy, pedigree (book)<br>
|-
|-
|родственник<br>
| родословная книга<br>  
|relative (m.)<br>
| ancestry book<br>
|-
|-
|родственница<br>
| родословный<br>  
|(relative (f.)<br>
| genealogical<br>
|-
|-
|родство<br>
| родственник<br>  
|relationship, kinship<br>
| relative (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|роды<br>
| родственница<br>  
|childbirth<br>
| (relative (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|рождение<br>
| родство<br>  
|birth<br>
| relationship, kinship<br>
|-
|-
|рождения<br>
| роды<br>  
|births<br>
| childbirth<br>
|-
|-
|Рождество<br>
| рождение<br>  
|Christmas<br>
| birth<br>
|-
|-
|рaзрыв сердца
| рождения<br>
|broken heart
| births<br>
|-
|-
|роспись<br>
| Рождество<br>  
|inventory, list<br>
| Christmas<br>
|-
|-
|рот<br>
| роспись<br>  
|mouth<br>
| inventory, list<br>
|-
|-
|русский, русская
| рот<br>
|Russian (male, female)
| mouth<br>
|-
|-
|русый<br>
| русый<br>  
|light brown<br>
| light brown<br>
|-
|-
|рыбяк<br>
| рыбяк<br>  
|fisherman<br>
| fisherman<br>
|-
|-
|рыжий<br>
| рыжий<br>  
|red-haired<br>
| red-haired<br>
|-
|-
|рядовой<br>
| рядовой<br>  
|ordinary (soldier)<br>
| ordinary (soldier)<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===С===
=== С ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|cмерти
|death
|-
|с<br>
|from, with<br>
|-
|садовник<br>
|gardener<br>
|-
|сам<br>
|self (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|сама<br>
| Смерти
|self (f.)<br>
| "Smerti" or death
|-
|-
|сами<br>
| с<br>  
|selves<br>
| from, with<br>
|-
|-
|сапожник<br>
| садовник<br>  
|cobbler, shoemaker<br>
| gardener<br>
|-
|-
|сват
| сам<br>
|father of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
| self (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|сватья
| сама<br>
|mother of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
| self (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|свёкор<br>
| сами<br>  
|father-in-law (husband's father)<br>
| selves<br>
|-
|-
|свекровь<br>
| сапожник<br>  
|mother-in-law (husband's mother)<br>
| cobbler, shoemaker<br>
|-
|-
|светлый<br>
| свёкор<br>  
|light (adj.)<br>
| father-in-law (husband's father)<br>
|-
|-
|свидетель, свидетели
| свекровь<br>
|witness, witnesses
| mother-in-law (husband's mother)<br>
|-
|-
|свидетельство<br>
| светлый<br>  
|certificate, evidence, testimony<br>
| light (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|свидетельствовать/ за-<br>
| свидетельство<br>  
|to witness, to certify<br>
| certificate, evidence<br>
|-
|-
|своебременно<br>
| свидетельствовать/ за-<br>  
|timely<br>
| to witness, to certify<br>
|-
|-
|свояченица<br>
| своебременно<br>  
|sister-in-law (wife's sister)<br>
| timely<br>
|-
|-
|святое причастие<br>
| свояченица<br>  
|holy communion, the Lord's supper<br>
| sister-in-law (wife's sister)<br>
|-
|-
|святой<br>
| святое причастие<br>  
|holy<br>
| holy communion, the Lord's supper<br>
|-
|-
|священник<br>
| святой<br>  
|priest, clergyman<br>
| holy<br>
|-
|-
|север<br>
| священник<br>  
|north<br>
| priest, clergyman<br>
|-
|-
|северный<br>
| север<br>  
|northern<br>
| north<br>
|-
|-
|сегодня<br>
| северный<br>  
|today<br>
| northern<br>
|-
|-
|сегодняшний
| сегодня<br>
|today's, this day (adj.)
| today<br>
|-
|-
|седой<br>
| седой<br>  
|gray-haired<br>
| gray-haired<br>
|-
|-
|седмой<br>
| седмой<br>  
|seventh<br>
| seventh<br>
|-
|-
|село<br>
| село<br>  
|village (with a church)<br>
| village (with a church)<br>
|-
|-
|семидесятый<br>
| семидесятый<br>  
|seventieth<br>
| seventieth<br>
|-
|-
|семисотый<br>
| семисотый<br>  
|seven hundredth<br>
| seven hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|семнадцать<br>
| семнадцать<br>  
|seventeen<br>
| seventeen<br>
|-
|-
|семь<br>
| семь<br>  
|seven<br>
| seven<br>
|-
|-
|семьдесят<br>
| семьдесят<br>  
|seventy<br>
| seventy<br>
|-
|-
|семьсот<br>
| семьсот<br>  
|seven hundred<br>
| seven hundred<br>
|-
|-
|семья<br>
| семья<br>  
|family<br>
| family<br>
|-
|-
|сентябрь<br>
| сентябрь<br>  
|September<br>
| September<br>
|-
|-
|серый<br>
| серый<br>  
|gray<br>
| gray<br>
|-
|-
|сестра<br>
| сестра<br>  
|sister<br>
| sister<br>
|-
|-
|сирота<br>
| сирота<br>  
|orphan<br>
| orphan<br>
|-
|-
|скарлатина<br>
| скарлатина<br>  
|scarlet fever<br>
| scarlet fever<br>
|-
|-
|скончалась<br>
| скончалась<br>  
|died (f.)<br>
| died (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|скончался<br>
| скончался<br>  
|died (m.)<br>
| died (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|скорняк<br>
| скорняк<br>  
|Furrier<br>
| Furrier<br>
|-
|-
|слепой<br>
| слепой<br>  
|blind<br>
| blind<br>
|-
|-
|слесарь<br>
| слесарь<br>  
|locksmith, metalworker<br>
| locksmith, metalworker<br>
|-
|-
|слобода
| слуга<br>
|settlement
| servant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|слуга<br>
| служанка<br>  
|servant (m.)<br>
| servant (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|служанка<br>
| служащий<br>  
|servant (f.)<br>
| employee, perfessional<br>
|-
|-
|служащий<br>
| служба<br>  
|employee, perfessional<br>
| service, work<br>
|-
|-
|служба<br>
| смерти<br>  
|service, work<br>
| deaths<br>
|-
|-
|смерти<br>
| смерть<br>  
|deaths<br>
| death<br>
|-
|-
|смерть<br>
| сноха<br>  
|death<br>
| daughter-in-law<br>
|-
|-
|сноха<br>
| собор<br>  
|daughter-in-law<br>
| cathedral<br>
|-
|-
|собор<br>
| собрание<br>  
|cathedral<br>
| assembly, meeting<br>
|-
|-
|собрание<br>
| совершеннолетие<br>  
|assembly, meeting<br>
| legal age, majority<br>
|-
|-
|собственник/собственница
| совершить<br>
|owner
| to perform<br>
|-
|-
|совершеннолетие<br>
| согласно<br>  
|legal age, majority<br>
| according to, agreed<br>
|-
|-
|совершить<br>
| содержание<br>  
|to perform<br>
| content<br>
|-
|-
|согласно<br>
| соединать браком<br>  
|according to, agreed<br>
| to marry<br>
|-
|-
|содержание<br>
| солдат<br>  
|content<br>
| soldier<br>
|-
|-
|соединать браком<br>
| сорок<br>  
|to marry<br>
| forty<br>
|-
|-
|сожительница
| сорковой<br>
|concubine, cohabitor
| fortieth<br>
|-
|-
|солдат<br>
| сословие<br>  
|soldier<br>
| estate, class, social standing<br>
|-
|-
|сорок<br>
| состоялось<br>  
|forty<br>
| it happened<br>
|-
|-
|сороковой<br>
| состояние<br>  
|fortieth<br>
| condition<br>
|-
|-
|сословие<br>
| состояться<br>  
|estate, class, social standing<br>
| to take place, happen<br>
|-
|-
|состоялось<br>
| сотник<br>  
|it happened<br>
| commander of 100 men<br>
|-
|-
|состояние<br>
| сотый<br>  
|status, state, condition, situation<br>
| one hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|состояться<br>
| сочетать брак<br>  
|to take place, happen<br>
| to marry (to)<br>
|-
|-
|сотник<br>
| среда<br>  
|commander of 100 men<br>
| Wedmesday<br>
|-
|-
|сотый<br>
| средный<br>  
|one hundredth<br>
| medium (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|сочетать брак<br>
| ссылный<br>  
|to marry (to)<br>
| exile, convict<br>
|-
|-
|среда<br>
| ссылка<br>  
|Wedmesday<br>
| see..., refer to...; exile, deportation<br>
|-
|-
|средный<br>
| старость<br>  
|medium (adj.)<br>
| old age<br>
|-
|-
|ссылный<br>
| старый<br>  
|exile, convict<br>
| old<br>
|-
|-
|ссылка<br>
| стеклодув<br>  
|see..., refer to...; exile, deportation<br>
| glass blower<br>
|-
|-
|старость<br>
| сто<br>  
|old age<br>
| one hundred<br>
|-
|-
|старый<br>
| столяр<br>  
|old<br>
| joiner<br>
|-
|-
|стеклодув<br>
| сторож<br>  
|glass blower<br>
| watchman, guard<br>
|-
|-
|сто<br>
| стража<br>  
|one hundred<br>
| guard<br>
|-
|-
|столяр<br>
| страна<br>  
|joiner<br>
| country<br>
|-
|-
|сторож<br>
| стрелок<br>  
|watchman, guard<br>
| rifleman, marksman<br>
|-
|-
|стража<br>
| строитель<br>  
|guard<br>
| construction worker<br>
|-
|-
|страна<br>
| суббота<br>  
|country<br>
| Saturday<br>
|-
|-
|стрелок<br>
| суд<br>  
|rifleman, marksman<br>
| court<br>
|-
|-
|строитель<br>
| судебный<br>  
|construction worker<br>
| judicial<br>
|-
|-
|суббота<br>
| судья<br>  
|Saturday<br>
| judge<br>
|-
|-
|суд<br>
| сумашедший<br>  
|court<br>
| insance<br>
|-
|-
|судебный<br>
| супруг<br>  
|judicial<br>
| spouse (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|судья<br>
| супруга<br>  
|judge<br>
| spouse (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|сумашедший<br>
| супруги<br>  
|insance<br>
| married couple<br>
|-
|-
|супруг<br>
| супружество<br>  
|spouse (m.)<br>
| matrimony<br>
|-
|-
|супруга<br>
| сутки<br>  
|spouse (f.)<br>
| day (and night), 24 hours<br>
|-
|-
|супруги<br>
| счетовод<br>  
|married couple<br>
| accountant, bookkeeper<br>
|-
|-
|супружество<br>
| сын<br>  
|matrimony<br>
| son<br>
|-
|-
|сутки<br>
| <br>  
|day (and night), 24 hours<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|счетовод<br>
| <br>  
|accountant, bookkeeper<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|сын<br>
| <br>  
|son<br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Т===
=== Т ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
| таинство<br>
| ordinance, rite, sacrament<br>
|-
| текущий
| current
|-
|-
|таинство<br>
| тёмный<br>  
|ordinance, rite, sacrament<br>
| dark<br>
|-
|-
|текущий
| тесть<br>
|current
| father-in-law (wife's father)<br>
|-
|-
|тёмный<br>
| тётя<br>  
|dark<br>
| aunt<br>
|-
|-
|тесть<br>
| тёща<br>  
|father-in-law (wife's father)<br>
| mother-in-law (wife's mother)<br>
|-
|-
|тётя<br>
| ткач<br>  
|aunt<br>
| weaver (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|тёща<br>
| ткачиха<br>  
|mother-in-law (wife's mother)<br>
| weaver (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|тиф
| то есть (т. е.)<br>
|typhus
| i.e. that is<br>
|-
|-
|ткач<br>
| тоже<br>  
|weaver (m.)<br>
| also<br>
|-
|-
|ткачиха<br>
| токарь<br>  
|weaver (f.)<br>
| lathe turner<br>
|-
|-
|то есть (т. е.)<br>
| тонуть<br>  
|i.e. that is<br>
| to drown<br>
|-
|-
|тоже<br>
| торговец<br>  
|also<br>
| merchant, dealer<br>
|-
|-
|токарь<br>
| третий<br>  
|lathe turner<br>
| third<br>
|-
|-
|тонуть<br>
| трёхсотый<br>  
|to drown<br>
| three hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|торговец<br>
| три<br>  
|merchant, dealer<br>
| three<br>
|-
|-
|третий<br>
| тридцатый<br>  
|third<br>
| thirtieth<br>
|-
|-
|трёхсотый<br>
| тридцать<br>  
|three hundredth<br>
| thirty<br>
|-
|-
|три<br>
| тринадватый<br>  
|three<br>
| thirteenth<br>
|-
|-
|тридцатый<br>
| тринадцать<br>  
|thirtieth<br>
| thirteen<br>
|-
|-
|тридцать<br>
| триста<br>  
|thirty<br>
| three hundred<br>
|-
|-
|тринадватый<br>
| трубочист<br>  
|thirteenth<br>
| chimney sweep<br>
|-
|-
|тринадцать<br>
| туберклулёз лёгких<br>  
|thirteen<br>
| consumption<br>
|-
|-
|триста<br>
| тысяча<br>  
|three hundred<br>
| one thousand<br>
|-
|-
|трубочист<br>
| тысячный<br>  
|chimney sweep<br>
| one thousandth<br>
|-
|-
|туберклулёз лёгких<br>
| тюрма<br>  
|consumption<br>
| prison<br>
|-
|-
|тысяча<br>
| <br>
|one thousand<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|тысячный<br>
| <br>
|one thousandth<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|тюрма<br>
| <br>
|prison<br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===У===
=== У ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|убийство<br>
| убийство<br>  
|murder
| murder
|-
|-
|убийца<br>
| убийца<br>  
|murderer, killer
| murderer, killer
|-
|-
|уволенный<br>
| уволенный<br>
|dismissed, discharged
|dismissed, discharged
|-
|-
|удар<br>
| удар<br>
|stroke
|stroke
|-
|-
|удостоверение<br>
| удостоверение<br>
|certificate
|certificate
|-
|-
|удостоверить(ся)<br>
| удостоверить(ся)<br>
|to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
| to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
|-
|-
|удочеренная<br>
| удочеренная<br>
|adopted (of a daughter)
| adopted (of a daughter)
|-
|-
|удочерение<br>
| удочерение<br>
|adoption (of a daughter)
| adoption (of a daughter)
|-
|-
|удочерить<br>
| удочерить<br>
|to adopt a daughter
| to adopt a daughter
|-
|-
|удушья
| уезд<br>
|difficulty breathing
| district, county, uyezd
|-
|-
|уезд<br>
| указ<br>
|district, county, uyezd
| decree
|-
|-
|указ<br>
| умер<br>
|decree
| died (masc.)
|-
|-
|украинец, украинка
| умереть<br>
|Ukrainian (male, female)
| to die
|-
|-
|улица, ул.
| умерла<br>
|street, st. (abbreviation)
| died (fem.)
|-
|-
|умер<br>
| умерший<br>
|died (masc.)
| deceased
|-
|-
|умереть<br>
| уметь<br>
|to die
| to know how
|-
|-
|умерла<br>
| уродливый<br>
|died (fem.)
| deformed (masc.)
|-
|-
|умерший<br>
| урохдённая<br>
|deceased
| born as, née (in front of maiden name)
|-
|-
|уметь<br>
| урядник<br>
|to know how
| sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
|-
|-
|унтер-офицер
| усыновление<br>
|non-commissioned officer, petty officer
| adoption (of a son)
|-
|-
|уродливый<br>
| усыновленный<br>  
|deformed (masc.)
| adopted (of a son)
|-
|-
|урохдённая<br>
| усыновить<br>  
|born as, née (in front of maiden name)
| to adopt a son
|-
|-
|урядник<br>
| утопнуть<br>  
|sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
| to drown
|-
|-
|усыновление<br>
| утра, утром<br>
|adoption (of a son)
| morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
|-
|-
|усыновленный<br>
| утро<br>
|adopted (of a son)
| morning (n.)
|-
|-
|усыновить<br>
| ученик<br>
|to adopt a son
| pupil, apprentice
|-
|-
|утопнуть<br>
| учёный<br>
|to drown
| scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
|-
|-
|утопший/утопшая
| учитель<br>
|drowned
| teacher (masc.)
|-
|-
|утра, утром<br>
| учительница<br>
|morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
| teacher (fem.)
|-
|утро<br>
|morning (n.)
|-
|ученик<br>
|pupil, apprentice
|-
|учёный<br>
|scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
|-
|учитель<br>
|teacher (masc.)
|-
|учительница<br>
|teacher (fem.)
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ф===
=== Ф ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
| фабрикант<br>
| manufacturer<br>
|-
| фамилия<br>
| surname, family<br>
|-
|-
|фабрикант<br>
| февраль<br>  
|manufacturer<br>
| February<br>
|-
|-
|фамилия<br>
| фольварк
|surname, family<br>
| manor farm
|-
|-
|февраль<br>
| фонд<br>  
|February<br>
| record group<br>
|-
|-
|фольварк
| <br>
|manor farm
| <br>
|-
|-
|фонд<br>
| <br>  
|record group<br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Х===
=== Х ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|хозяин<br>
| хозяин<br>  
|landowner, proprietor<br>
| landowner, proprietor<br>
|-
|-
|холод<br>
| холод<br>  
|cold<br>
| cold<br>
|-
|-
|холостой<br>
| холостой<br>  
|single, unmarrier<br>
| single, unmarrier<br>
|-
|-
|холость<br>
| холость<br>  
|single man, bachelor<br>
| single man, bachelor<br>
|-
|-
|холостяк<br>
| холостяк<br>  
|bachelor<br>
| bachelor<br>
|-
|-
|хромой<br>
| хромой<br>  
|lame, limping<br>
| lame, limping<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ц===
=== Ц ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|цвет<br>
| цвет<br>  
|color<br>
| color<br>
|-
|-
|церковь<br>
| церковь<br>  
|church<br>
| church<br>
|-
|-
|цыган<br>
| цыган<br>  
|Gypsy<br>
| Gypsy<br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ч===
=== Ч ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|час <br>
|hour, time<br>
|-
|-
|часовщик<br>
| час <br>  
|watchmaker<br>
| hour, time<br>
|-
|-
|чахотка<br>
| часовщик<br>  
|consumption<br>
| watchmaker<br>
|-
|-
|четверг<br>
| чахотка<br>  
|Thursday<br>
| consumption<br>
|-
|-
|четвёртый<br>
| четверг<br>  
|fourth<br>
| Thursday<br>
|-
|-
|четыре<br>
| четвёртый<br>  
|four<br>
| fourth<br>
|-
|-
|четыреста<br>
| четыре<br>  
|four hundred<br>
| four<br>
|-
|-
|четырёхсотый<br>
| четыреста<br>  
|four hundredth<br>
| four hundred<br>
|-
|-
|четырнадцать<br>
| четырёхсотый<br>  
|fourteen<br>
| four hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|чёрное духовенство
| четырнадцать<br>
|clergy who have taken a monastic vow (not allowed to have a wife or children)
| fourteen<br>
|-
|-
|чин<br>
| чин<br>  
|rank, grade<br>
| rank, grade<br>
|-
|-
|чиновник<br>
| чиновник<br>  
|official, bureaucrat<br>
| official, bureaucrat<br>
|-
|-
|чирей
| число<br>
|boil
| date, number<br>
|-
|-
|число<br>
| член<br>  
|date, number<br>
| member<br>
|-
|-
|член<br>
| что<br>  
|member<br>
| what, that<br>
|-
|-
|что<br>
| чума<br>  
|what, that<br>
| plague<br>
|-
|чума<br>
|plague<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ш===
=== Ш ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|шахтёр<br>
| шахтёр<br>  
|miner<br>
| miner<br>
|-
|-
|швер<br>
| швер<br>  
|seamstress<br>
| seamstress<br>
|-
|-
|шестидесятый<br>
| шестидесятый<br>  
|sixtieth<br>
| sixtieth<br>
|-
|-
|шестисотый<br>
| шестисотый<br>  
|six hundredth<br>
| six hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|шестнадцать<br>
| шестнадцать<br>  
|sixteenth<br>
| sixteenth<br>
|-
|-
|шестой<br>
| шестой<br>  
|sixth<br>
| sixth<br>
|-
|-
|шесть<br>
| шесть<br>  
|six<br>
| six<br>
|-
|-
|шестьсот<br>
| шестьсот<br>  
|six hundred<br>
| six hundred<br>
|-
|-
|шинкарь<br>
| шинкарь<br>  
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
| innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|-
|шкарлатина
| шорник<br>
|scarlet fever
| harness maker, saddler<br>
|-
|-
|шорник<br>
| шурин<br>  
|harness maker, saddler<br>
| brother-in-law (wife's brother)<br>
|-
|шурин<br>
|brother-in-law (wife's brother)<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Щ===
=== Щ ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
|-
|<br>
| <br>
|<br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
|
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>  
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


===Э===
=== Э ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
| эмигрант<br>
| emigrant<br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|эмигрант
| <br>
|emigrant
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ю===
=== Ю ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
| юг<br>
| south<br>
|-
| южный<br>
| southern<br>
|-
|-
|юг
| юрист<br>
|south
| lawyer<br>
|-
|-
|южный
| <br>
|southern
| <br>
|-
|-
|юрист
| <br>
|lawyer
| <br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Я===
=== Я ===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" | '''Russian'''  
|'''English'''
| '''English'''
|-
| явиться<br>
| to appear<br>
|-
| январь<br>
| January<br>
|-
| <br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|Я
| <br>
|I
| <br>
|-
|-
|явиться; явился, явилась<br>
| <br>  
|to appear; appeared (m., f.)<br>
| <br>
|-
|-
|январь<br>
| <br>  
|January<br>
| <br>
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


[[Category:Poland Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Poland Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Word List]] [[Category:Russia Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Belarus]] [[Category:Ukraine Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Lithuania]]
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Word List]]  
[[Category:Russia Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Belarus]]  
[[Category:Ukraine Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]  
[[Category:Lithuania]]

Revision as of 12:10, 20 June 2019

Russian Genealogical
Word List
Map of Russian Speaking Areas.png
Downloadable Word List
Handwriting Help
Associated Countries

This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the  Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF is also available.  

To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read Russia Languages,

In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.

Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пр Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя

No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.

Transliteration Aid[edit | edit source]

Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.

бракосочетание --> brakosochetanie

There are different transliteration systems for the same language, so not all transliterations will be the same. Here is an automatic online transliterator that is very helpful.

Transliterating Russian to English in One Step, online automatic transliterator by Steve Morse.

Transliteration allows us to pronounce and recognize words in scripts we are not familiar with. It can also help us turn a place name on an English document into a real Russian place name, as you can also transliterate from English to Russian.

Other Word Lists[edit | edit source]

Online Dictionaries[edit | edit source]


Months of the Year[edit | edit source]

For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see SGGEE handout, "Examples of how the months are handwritten"

Russian Pronunciation English
январь yeen-VAHR' January
февраль fee-VRAHL' February
март mahrt March
апрель ah-PRYEHL' April
май mahy May
июнь ee-YOON' June
июль ee-YOOL' July
август AHV-goost August
сентябрь seen-TYAHBR' September
октябрь ahk-TYAHBR' October
ноябрь nah-YAHBR' November
декабрь dee-KAHBR' December

Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

For numbers in cursive, see SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.

Russian Transliteration/Pronunciation English
один odin [ah-DEEN] one
два dva [dvah] two
три tri [tree] three
четыре chetyre [che-TYH-ree] four
пять pyat' [pyat'] five
шесть shest' [shehst'] six
семь sem' [syehm] seven
восемь vosem' [VOH-seem] eight
девять devyat' [DYEH-vit'] nine
десять desyat' [DYEH-sit'] ten
одиннадцать odinnadtsat' [ah-dee-nat-sat'] eleven
двенадцать dvenadtsat' [dvi-nat-sat'] twelve
тринадцать trinadtsat' [tree-nat-sat'] thirteen
четырнадцать chetyrnadtsat' [chye-tir-nat-sat'] fourteen
пятнадцать pyatnadtsat' [pyat-nat-sat'] fifteen
шестнадцать shestnadtsat' [shes-nat-sat'] sixteen
семнадцать semnadtsat' [sim-nat-sat'] seventeen
восемнадцать vosemnadtsat' [vahsim-nat-sat'] eighteen
девятнадцать devyatnadtsat' [divit-nat-sat'] nineteen
двадцать dvadtsat' [dvat-sat'] twenty
тридцать tridtsat' [treet-sat'] thirty
сорок sorok [soh-rahk] forty
пятьдесят pyat'desyat [pit-dee-syat] fifty
шестьдесят shest'desyat [shes-dee-syat] sixty
семьдесят sem'desyat [syem-dee-syat] seventy
восемьдесят vosem'desyat [voh-sim-dee-syat] eighty
девяносто devyanosto [di-vee-nohs-tah] ninety
сто sto [stoh] one hundred
двести dvesti [dvyes-tee] two hundred
триста trista [tree-stah] three hundred
четыреста chetyresta [chye-ti-ryeh-stah] four hundred
пятьсот pyat'sot [pit-soht] five hundred
шестьсот shest'sot [shis-soht] six hundred
семьсот sem'sot [sim-soht] seven hundred
восемьсот vosem'sot [vah-sim-soht] eight hundred
девятьсот devyat'sot [dee-vit-soht] nine hundred
тысяча tysyacha [ti-si-chah] one thousand

Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Russian Transliteration/Pronunciation English
первый pervyy first
второй vtoroy second
третий tretiy third
четвёртый chetvyortyy fourth
пятый pyatyy fifth
шестой shestoy sixth
седьмой sed'moy seventh
восьмой vos'moy eighth
девятый devyatyy ninth
десятый desyatyy tenth
одиннадцатый odinnadtsatyy eleventh
двенадцатый dvenadtsatyy twelfth
тринадцатый trinadtsatyy thirteenth
четырнадцатый chetyrnadtsatyy fourteenth
пятнадцатый pyatnadtsatyy fifteeth
шестнадцатый shestnadtsatyy sixteenth
семнадцатый semnadtsatyy seventeenth
восемнадцатый vosemnadtsatyy eighteenth
девятнадцатый devyatnadtsatyy nineteenth
двадцатый dvadtsatyy twentieth
двадцать первый dvadtsat' pervyy twenty first
тридцатый tridtsatyy thirtieth
тридцать первый tridtsat' pervyy thirty first

General Word List[edit | edit source]

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.  Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.


A[edit | edit source]

Russian English
август
 August
адвокат
 lawyer
администратор
 administrator
акт
 document, record, certificate
акты гражданского состояния
 vital statistics
акушерка
 midwife
алфавитный список
 alphabetical list or index
апрель
 April
арендатор
 tenant, leaseholder
армия
 army
артиллерист
 artilleryman
архив
 archive
архивист, архивариус
 archivist


Б[edit | edit source]

Russian Transliteration/English
бакалейщик
 Grocer
барышник
 horse dealer
батрак
 farm hand, hired hand
башмачник
 shoemaker
бедность
 poverty
бедный
 poor
бедняк
 pauper
безземельный
 landless
Благороднй

noble

благородство

nobility

близнец
 twin
близнецы
 twins
бобыль

poor landless peasant

богадельня
 poor house
болезнь
 illness, disease
болезнь лёгких
 lung disease, lung illness
болница
 hospital
болной
 sick
бондарь, бочар
 cooper
боярин
 boyar (m.) pre1700 aristocrat
боярство
 the boyars
боярыня
 boyar, nobleman's wife
брак, бракосочетанние
brak, brakosochetannie
marriage
браконьер
 poacher
бракосочетание
 marriage
брат brother
брачный обыски pre-marital search of records, proving pride and groom are not related
брачный marital (adj.) conjugal
бременная pregnant
бродяга vagabond
булочник baker
бухгалтер bookkeeper
бывший former
быть to be
бюргер burgher


В[edit | edit source]

Russian  English
в in, on, at
в час at one o'clock
вдова widow
вдовец widower
ведомость register, record, list
венчание wedding ceremony
верность accuracy, correctness, truth
вероисповедание religion, faith, creed
весна spring
весной in the spring
весь all, whole, everything
ветрянкя chicken pox
ветрянкя опаса chicken pox
вечер evening
вечера in the evening
вечером in the evening
взрослый adult
владелец bearer, owner, propietor
властный authoritative
внебрачный ребёнок illegitimate child
внук grandson
внучка granddaughter
водянка dropsy
военная слкжба  military service
военный military, soldier
возраст age
возчик coachman, carter
воинский military
война war
волость smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
волосы hair
восемнадцатый eighteenth
восемнадцать eighteen
восемьдесят eighty
восемьсот eight hundred
воскресенье Sunday
воспаление inflammation
восприёмник godparent
восприёмница godmother
восток east
восточный eastern
восьмидесятый eightieth
восьмисотый eight hundredth
восьмой eighth
время time
всё all, everyone, every
вся all, everyone, every
вступить на службу to go into the service
вторник Tuesday
второй second
вчера yesterday
вчерашний yesterday (adj)
выдать to issue
выкидыщ miscarriage
выписка extract, (record)
выслать to be send
высокий tall
выходить замуж to marry, to be married (fem)

Г[edit | edit source]

Russian English
г. abbreviation for город (city)
гвардец
 guardsmen
гвардуия
 guards
где
 where
генварь
 general
генеалогия
 genealogy
герб
 coat of arms
герой
 hero
глаз
 eye
глухой
 blind
год
 year
голод
 hunger, starvation
гончар
 potter
горничная
 house maid, chambermaid
горнорабочий
 miner
горняк
 miner
город
 city
госпиталь
 hospital
господни
 gentleman, Mr.
госпожа
 lady, Mrs.
государственный
 government
государственный архив
 government archive
гражданин
 citizen (male)
гражданка
 citizen (female)
гражданство
 citizenship
грамота
 literacy
грамотный
 literate
гренадер
 grenadier
губерния
 province, guberniya (adm. unit)
гусар
 hussar, light cavalryman


Д[edit | edit source]

Russian English
дано
 was given
дать
 to give
два

two (masc., neut.)

двадцатый
 twentieth
двадцать
 twenty
две
 two (fem.)
двенадцатый
 twelfth
двенадцать
 twelve
двести
 two hundred
движимость
 movable property
двойни
 twins
двойня
 twin
дворянин
 nobleman
дворянка
 noblewoman
дворянский род
 noble line, noble family
дворянство
 nobility
двоюродная сестра
 female cousin
двоюродная брат
 male cousin
двухсотый
 two hundredth
дева
 maiden
деверь
 brother in law, husband's brother
девица
 maiden, unmarried woman
Девичья фамилия
 maiden name
Девочка
 little girl
девушка
 girl, maiden
девяносто
 ninety
девяностый
 ninetieth
девятисотый
 nine hundredth
девятнадцатый
 nineteenth
девятнадцать
 nineteen
девятый
 ninth
девять
 nine
девятьсот
 nine hundred
дед
 grandfather
дедушка
 grandfather
декабрь
 December
дело
 file, business, matter
день
 day
день рождения
 birthday
деревня
 village (derevnya)
десятый
 tenth
десять
 ten
дети
 children
детство
 childhood
дисентерия
 dysentery
дитя
 child
днём
 during the day, in the afternoon
до
 until, up to, before
договор
 agreement
документ
 document
дом
 house, home, building
донести
 to inform
достигать совершеннолетия
 to com of age, attain one's majority
дочь
 daughter
Доярка
 milkmaid
дровокол
 woodcutter
дровосек
 woodcutter
дряхлость
 decrepitude
дряхлость
 decrepit
дубильщик
 tanner
духовная консистория
 diocese, consistory
душевнобольной
 mentally ill
дядя
 uncle


Е[edit | edit source]

Russian English
Еврейские "Yevreyskie" or Jewish
Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть "Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
его him, his
её her
евангелический
 Protestant
еврей
 Jew
еврейка
 Jewess
единокровная сестра
 half sister
единокровниый брат
 half brother
епархия
 diocese
епископ
 bishop


Ё[edit | edit source]

Russian English












Ж[edit | edit source]

Russian English
жар
 Fever
железнодорожник
 railroad worker
желтуха
 jaundice
жена
 wife
женатый

married man

женитьба
 marriage (about a man)
жениться
 to marry (about a man)
женик
 bridegroom, fiance
женский
 female
жестянщик
 tinsmith
живущий на пособии
 welfare recipient
жилец
 resident, lodger, occupant
жилище
 dwelling
житель
 inhabitant, occupant
жительство
 residence, dwelling
жительствующий
 residing
жить
 to live, to dwell, to reside





З[edit | edit source]

Russian English
заграничный
 foreign
заключённый
 (prisoner), concluded
заключить
 to conclude, to perform
закон
 law
законная жена
 lawful wife
законнорожённый
 legitimately born
законность
 legitimacy
законный
 legal, legitimate, lawful
замерзшый
 frozen
замечание
 remark
замужество
 marriage (about a woman)
замужняя
 married (about a woman)
занятие
 occupation
запад
 west
запдный
 western
записи передвиженния
 moving record
запись
 record(ing), registration
здешний
 local
землевладелец
 landowner
земледелец
 peasant, farmer
земледелие
 agriculture
земля
 earth, land
земляк
 fellow-countyman
землячка
 fellow-country woman
зима
 winter
золовка
 sister-in-law, (husband's sister)
зять
 son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)


И[edit | edit source]

Russian English
и
 and
и так далее (и т. д.)
 etc., and so forth, miscellaneous
из
 from, out of
издозчик
 coachman
изгнанник
 exiled person
или
 or
имение
 estate
иметь
 to have
иммигрант
 immigrant
имущество
 property
имя
 name, (given name)
инженер
 engineer
исповедные ведомости
 confession lists
их
 them, their
июль
 July
июнь
 June


Й[edit | edit source]

Russian English












К[edit | edit source]

Russian English
к
 to
кто who
кем, кѣмъ by whom
какимъ (by) which
какое which, what
кабатчик
 innkeeper, barkeeper
кавалерист
 cavalryman
казак
 Cossack
казённая палата
 provincial financial office
как видно
 as is seen
калека
 cripple
калесный мастер
 wheelwright
каменщик
 mason, bricklayer
канцлер
 chancellor
капитан
 captain
капрал
 corporal
караул
 guard
католический
 Catholic (adj.)
кашель
 cough
кладбище
 cemetery
книга
 book
колония
 settlment, colony
командирован на службу
 ordered, commissioned to service
кондуктор
 conductor, guard
кончина
 demise, death
конюх
 groom, stableman
коробейник
 peddler
корь
 measles
костёл
 church (Catholic)
который
 which, that, who
кочегар
 stoker
красильщик
 dyer
крепостной
 serf
крестить
 to christen, to baptize
кретник
 godson
крестница
 goddaughter
крёстные родители
 godparents
крестьяне
 peasants
крестьянин
 peasant (m.)
крестьянин владеющий землей
 landowning farmer
кестянка
 peasant (f.)
крещение
baptism, christening
ксендз
 priest (Catholic)
кузнец
 blacksmith
купец
 merchant
кухарка
 cook
кучер
 coachman


Л[edit | edit source]

Russian English
лакей
 lackey, footman
лейтенант
 lietenant
лесоруб
 lumberjack
лет
 years
лето
 summer
летом
 in the summer
лёгкое
 lung, light (adj.)
литейщик
 foundry worker
лихорадка
 fever
лицо
 face
лично
 personally
лодочник
 boatman
лоцман
 harbor pilot
лудильщик
 tinsmith


М[edit | edit source]

Russian English
май
 May
майор
 major
маленький

small, little,

маляр
 painter
мама
 mama
март
 March
мастер
 master, foreman
матрос
 seaman
мать
 mother
мачеха
 stepmother
между
 between
медник
 brazier, coppersmith
мельник
 miller
мертворождённый
 stillborn
место
 place
месяц
 month
метрика
 birth certificate
метрическая книга
 vital records; register of births, marriages, and deaths
метрическое свидетельство
 birth certificate
меховщик
 furrier
младенец
 child, infant (m.)
младенца
 child, infant (f.)
младенчество
 infancy
могила
 grave
молодой
 young
маряк
 seaman
мусульманский
 Islamic
муж
 husband
мужик
 peasant
мужской
 male
мужчина
 man
мэр
 mayor
мясник
 butcher


Н[edit | edit source]

Russian English
на
 in, on, at, to
найдёныш
 foundling
наниматель
 tenant, employer
народ
 people
наследник
 heir
наследование
 inheritance
настоящий
 present (adj.) this, real, genuine
начальник
 head, chief, superior
не
 no, not
нет
 no
невеста
 bride, fiancee
невестка
 dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)
неграмотный
 illiterate
недвижимость
 immovable property
неделя
 week
незаконнорождённый
 illegitimately born
немец
 German (m.)
немка
 German (f.)
немой
 dumb
немощный
 infirm
немощь
 infirmity
неправильный
 wrong, incorrect
несовершеннолетие
 underage, minority
нижеподписавшийця
 undersigned
нищий
 beggar
новобранец
 recruit
новобрачные
 newlyweds
новорождённый
 newborn
нос
 nose
нотариус
 notary
ночи, ночью
 at night
ночь
 night
ноябрь
 November


О[edit | edit source]

Russian English
o about
оба
 both
область
 province, region, oblast
образование
 education
обручение
 engagement, betrothal
обряд
 rite, ceremony
обшество
 society
объялять
 to declare, state, announce
обыски брачные
 pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)
оглашение
 marriage bans, announcement
оглашение имен вступающих в брак
 publication of the names of those about to marry
один
 one (masc.)
одна
 one (fem.)
одно
 one (neuter)
округ
 okrug, district, territory, area
октябрь
 October
он
 he
она
 she
оно
 it
они
 they
опекун
 guardian
опись
 list, inventory, series
оплатить
 to pay
опухоль
 tumor, swelling
осень
 autumn, fall
осенью
 in the autumn, in the fall
основание
 basis, foundation
оспа
 smallpox
от
 from
отец
 father
отставка
 retirement, discharge
отставной
 retired
отсуствующий
 absent
отчество
 patronymic
отчим
 stepfather
охрана
 guard
о родившихся births (literally: about those who were born)
о бракосочетавшихся marriages (literally: about those who were married)
о разведшихся divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
о умершихъ deaths (literally: about those who died)


П[edit | edit source]

Russian English
падчерица
 stepdaughter
палач
 butcher, executioner
папа
 papa, dad
паспорт
 passport
паспортный
 passport (adj.)
пасынок
 stepson
паяльщик
 tinsmith, plumber
пекарь
 baker
первый
 first
перевозчик
 ferryman
переплётчик
 bookbinder
печатник
 printer
печать
 stamp, seal, press
писарь
 clerk, scribe
племянник
 nephew
племянница
 niece
плотник
 carpenter
повар
 cook
повинность
 obligation
погребение
 burial
подать
 to submit
поденщик
 day laborer
подлинник
 original
подлиный

authentic

подпись
 signature
пожар
 fire
пожарный
 fireman
пожилой
 elderly
позволение
 permission
покойник
 the deceased (m.)
покойница
 the deceased (f.)
покойный
 deceased, late
пол
 gender, sex
полагать
 to suppose, to propose
полдень
 noon, midday
полк
 regiment
полковник
 colonel
полночь
 midnight
получить
 to receive
понедельник
 Monday
по полудни
 in the afternoon
по полуночи
 after midnight
портниха
 dressmaker
портной
 tailor
поручитель
 bondsman, guarantor
поселенец
 settler
поселение
 settlement
посемйные списки
 family lists
послужной список
 service record
пособие
 allowance, benefit, welfare
постоянный
 permanent
потомок
 descendant, offspring
потомок по прямой линии
 direct discendant
потомственный
 hereditary
потомство
 posterity, descendants
похоронен
 buried (m.)
похоронена
 buried (f.)
похороны
 burial
почтальон
 mailman
прабабушка
 great grandmother
правнук
 great grandson
правнучка
 great grandaughter
православный
 Orthodox
прадед
 great grandfather
прапрабабушка
 great great grandmother
прапрадед
 great great grandfather
прародитель
 progenitor
предбрачные свидетельства
 premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related
предок
 ancestro, forefather
представить
 to produce, to resent
предшествовать
 to precede
призвание
 vocation, calling
призывник
 conscript
призывные списки
 recruitment lists
приказчик
 shop assistnace, salesman
принадлежать
 to belong to
принять
 to accept, to receive
присутствие
 presence
присутствующий
 to be present, in attendance
приход
 parish, ward
приходский
 parish, ward (adj.)
причат
 clergy
приют
 orphanage
продавец
 salesman
продолжение
 continuation
пройсходить
 to descend
пройсхождение
 descent, origin
произойти
 to descend from
прочитать
 to read
прошение
 request (noun)
пятидесятый
 fiftieth
пятисотый
 five hundredth
пятнадцатый
 fifteenth
пятница
 Friday
пятый
 fifth
пять
 five
пятьдесят
 fivty
пятьсот
 five hundred





Р[edit | edit source]

Russian English
Ревизские сказки "Reviska Skazka" or Revision Lists
раб
 slave
работа
 work
работник
 laborer (m.)
работница
 laborer (f.)
рабочий
 worker
раввин
 rabbi
район
 district, raion (modern term)
разведённый
 divorced
развод
 divorce
разносчик
 peddler
разрешение
 permission
разряд
 level, degree, rank
рак
 cancer
ребёнок
 child
реестр
 register
религиозный
 religious
религия
 religion, faith
ремесленник
 artisan, journeyman
ремесло
 trade, occupation
род
 birth, family, kin, sort, type
родилась
 was born (f.)
родились
 were born
родился
 was born (m.0
родина
 native land
родители
 parents
родиться
 to be born
родовой
 ancestral
родом
 by origin
родоначальник
 ancestor (first generation of a clan)
родословная
 genealogy, pedigree (book)
родословная книга
 ancestry book
родословный
 genealogical
родственник
 relative (m.)
родственница
 (relative (f.)
родство
 relationship, kinship
роды
 childbirth
рождение
 birth
рождения
 births
Рождество
 Christmas
роспись
 inventory, list
рот
 mouth
русый
 light brown
рыбяк
 fisherman
рыжий
 red-haired
рядовой
 ordinary (soldier)


С[edit | edit source]

Russian English
Смерти "Smerti" or death
с
 from, with
садовник
 gardener
сам
 self (m.)
сама
 self (f.)
сами
 selves
сапожник
 cobbler, shoemaker
свёкор
 father-in-law (husband's father)
свекровь
 mother-in-law (husband's mother)
светлый
 light (adj.)
свидетельство
 certificate, evidence
свидетельствовать/ за-
 to witness, to certify
своебременно
 timely
свояченица
 sister-in-law (wife's sister)
святое причастие
 holy communion, the Lord's supper
святой
 holy
священник
 priest, clergyman
север
 north
северный
 northern
сегодня
 today
седой
 gray-haired
седмой
 seventh
село
 village (with a church)
семидесятый
 seventieth
семисотый
 seven hundredth
семнадцать
 seventeen
семь
 seven
семьдесят
 seventy
семьсот
 seven hundred
семья
 family
сентябрь
 September
серый
 gray
сестра
 sister
сирота
 orphan
скарлатина
 scarlet fever
скончалась
 died (f.)
скончался
 died (m.)
скорняк
 Furrier
слепой
 blind
слесарь
 locksmith, metalworker
слуга
 servant (m.)
служанка
 servant (f.)
служащий
 employee, perfessional
служба
 service, work
смерти
 deaths
смерть
 death
сноха
 daughter-in-law
собор
 cathedral
собрание
 assembly, meeting
совершеннолетие
 legal age, majority
совершить
 to perform
согласно
 according to, agreed
содержание
 content
соединать браком
 to marry
солдат
 soldier
сорок
 forty
сорковой
 fortieth
сословие
 estate, class, social standing
состоялось
 it happened
состояние
 condition
состояться
 to take place, happen
сотник
 commander of 100 men
сотый
 one hundredth
сочетать брак
 to marry (to)
среда
 Wedmesday
средный
 medium (adj.)
ссылный
 exile, convict
ссылка
 see..., refer to...; exile, deportation
старость
 old age
старый
 old
стеклодув
 glass blower
сто
 one hundred
столяр
 joiner
сторож
 watchman, guard
стража
 guard
страна
 country
стрелок
 rifleman, marksman
строитель
 construction worker
суббота
 Saturday
суд
 court
судебный
 judicial
судья
 judge
сумашедший
 insance
супруг
 spouse (m.)
супруга
 spouse (f.)
супруги
 married couple
супружество
 matrimony
сутки
 day (and night), 24 hours
счетовод
 accountant, bookkeeper
сын
 son





Т[edit | edit source]

Russian English
таинство
 ordinance, rite, sacrament
текущий current
тёмный
 dark
тесть
 father-in-law (wife's father)
тётя
 aunt
тёща
 mother-in-law (wife's mother)
ткач
 weaver (m.)
ткачиха
 weaver (f.)
то есть (т. е.)
 i.e. that is
тоже
 also
токарь
 lathe turner
тонуть
 to drown
торговец
 merchant, dealer
третий
 third
трёхсотый
 three hundredth
три
 three
тридцатый
 thirtieth
тридцать
 thirty
тринадватый
 thirteenth
тринадцать
 thirteen
триста
 three hundred
трубочист
 chimney sweep
туберклулёз лёгких
 consumption
тысяча
 one thousand
тысячный
 one thousandth
тюрма
 prison





















У[edit | edit source]

Russian English
убийство
 murder
убийца
 murderer, killer
уволенный
 dismissed, discharged
удар
 stroke
удостоверение
 certificate
удостоверить(ся)
 to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
удочеренная
 adopted (of a daughter)
удочерение
 adoption (of a daughter)
удочерить
 to adopt a daughter
уезд
 district, county, uyezd
указ
 decree
умер
 died (masc.)
умереть
 to die
умерла
 died (fem.)
умерший
 deceased
уметь
 to know how
уродливый
 deformed (masc.)
урохдённая
 born as, née (in front of maiden name)
урядник
 sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
усыновление
 adoption (of a son)
усыновленный
 adopted (of a son)
усыновить
 to adopt a son
утопнуть
 to drown
утра, утром
 morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
утро
 morning (n.)
ученик
 pupil, apprentice
учёный
 scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
учитель
 teacher (masc.)
учительница
 teacher (fem.)


Ф[edit | edit source]

Russian English
фабрикант
 manufacturer
фамилия
 surname, family
февраль
 February
фольварк manor farm
фонд
 record group



Х[edit | edit source]

Russian English
хозяин
 landowner, proprietor
холод
 cold
холостой
 single, unmarrier
холость
 single man, bachelor
холостяк
 bachelor
хромой
 lame, limping


Ц[edit | edit source]

Russian English
цвет
 color
церковь
 church
цыган
 Gypsy





Ч[edit | edit source]

Russian English
час
hour, time
часовщик
 watchmaker
чахотка
 consumption
четверг
 Thursday
четвёртый
 fourth
четыре
 four
четыреста
 four hundred
четырёхсотый
 four hundredth
четырнадцать
 fourteen
чин
 rank, grade
чиновник
 official, bureaucrat
число
 date, number
член
 member
что
 what, that
чума
 plague


Ш[edit | edit source]

Russian English
шахтёр
 miner
швер
 seamstress
шестидесятый
 sixtieth
шестисотый
 six hundredth
шестнадцать
 sixteenth
шестой
 sixth
шесть
 six
шестьсот
 six hundred
шинкарь
 innkeeper, barkeeper
шорник
 harness maker, saddler
шурин
 brother-in-law (wife's brother)


Щ[edit | edit source]

Russian English












Э[edit | edit source]

Russian English
эмигрант
 emigrant









Ю[edit | edit source]

Russian English
юг
 south
южный
 southern
юрист
 lawyer





Я[edit | edit source]

Russian English
явиться
 to appear
январь
 January







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Numbers that denote quantity or how many. Examples: one, two, three

Numbers indicating position or order of something. Examples: first, second, third.

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