African American Resources for Oklahoma: Difference between revisions
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A list of resources to research African American ancestors who lived in Oklahoma. <br> | A list of resources to research African American ancestors who lived in Oklahoma. <br> | ||
== | === Archives and Libraries === | ||
[http://www.blackarchives.org/ The Black Archives of Mid-America], located in Kansas City, Missouri, is a center for learning and research into the African American experience in Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Oklahoma and the Midwest at large.<br> | |||
=== City Directories === | |||
Muskogee Oklahoma Negro Directory : includes the town of Taft (FamilySearch Catalog Film Number:[http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C180%2C0&titleno=746676&disp= 1994331 Item 6]) | |||
=== Freedmen === | |||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/F/FR016.html Freedmen] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/F/FR016.html Freedmen] | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AL009.html Freedmen Towns] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AL009.html Freedmen Towns] | ||
History of African American Oklahomans<br>[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AF003.html] | |||
[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AF003.html African Americans] | |||
Homestead Records<br>[http://www.worldfuturefund.org/wffmaster/Reading/war.crimes/US/Homestead.Act.htm] | |||
*[http://www.worldfuturefund.org/wffmaster/Reading/war.crimes/US/Homestead.Act.htm Homestead Act] | |||
*[http://freepages. | *[http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~swokla/custer/homested.html Oklahoma Homesteader Records] | ||
*[http://thislandpress.com/06/05/2010/oklahomas-all-black-towns/ Oklahoma's All-Black Towns]<br> | |||
*[http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aaw/langston-city-herald Langston City Herald]promoted African American homesteading in the Oklahoma Territory. | |||
=== | === Migration === | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AF001.html African American Exodus to Canada] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AF001.html African American Exodus to Canada] | ||
*[http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/blacks_early_settlements.html Blacks: | *[http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/blacks_early_settlements.html Blacks: Early Settlements (African-Canadians)] | ||
=== Military === | |||
[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/B/BU005.html Buffalo Soldiers] | |||
===Newspapers=== | === Newspapers === | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/N/NE013.html Newspapers, African American ] | |||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/N/NE013.html Newspapers, African American ] | |||
*[http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aaw/langston-city-herald Langston City Herald] | *[http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aaw/langston-city-herald Langston City Herald] | ||
*[http://www.worldcat.org/title/pioneer-newspaper-c1898-1905/oclc/71000957&referer=brief_results Pioneer newspaper, c[a.] 1898-1905]The Pioneer was an African American newspaper published in Muskogee County. | *[http://www.worldcat.org/title/pioneer-newspaper-c1898-1905/oclc/71000957&referer=brief_results Pioneer newspaper, c[a.] 1898-1905]The Pioneer was an African-American newspaper published in Muskogee County. | ||
=== Oral History === | |||
[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ewyatt/_borders/Oklahoma%20Slave%20Narratives/Slave%20Narrative%20Index.html Oklahoma Slave Narratives] | |||
=== Prison Records === | |||
Aylesworth State Prison Farm, 1916-1925, Marshall County, Oklahoma<br>Schools "The Aylesworth State Prison Farm was an all black prison located in Marshall County and was in existence between 1916 and 1925." -- P. 1. (FamilySearch Catalog Film Number: [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlefilmnotes&columns=*%2C0%2C0&titleno=1341762&disp=Aylesworth+State+Prison+Farm%2C+1916-1++ 1838318 Item 14]) | |||
=== Schools === | |||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/L/LA021.html Langston University] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/L/LA021.html Langston University] | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/F/FR017.html Freedman Schools] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/F/FR017.html Freedman Schools] | ||
===Slavery | === Sharecropping and Tenant Farming === | ||
[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TE009.html Tenant Farming and Sharecropping] | |||
=== Online Resources === | |||
*[http://african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/2010/11/old-choctaw-plantation-part-of-oklahoma.html The African-Native American Genealogy Blog] | |||
*[http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=AF003 Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History] | |||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v011/v011p1056.html Chronicles of Oklahoma] | |||
* [http://www.blackarchives.org/ Black Archives of Mid-America] | |||
=== Slavery === | |||
A few hundred black slaves had run away from their white masters and sought refuge in Creek, Seminole, and Cherokee settlements, where they were received as free people. While some Indian communities incorporated blacks as free people, American Indians in each of the nations, except the Seminole, began to purchase African Americans as slaves. | |||
A number of Indian farmers had large tracts of land under cultivation and used enslaved laborers to produce cotton and surplus crops for sale and profit. Most Indian slave owners, however, practiced subsistence agriculture, and both slaves and masters labored side by side in the fields. By the 1830s well over three thousand African Americans, mostly slaves, lived among the tribes. | |||
American Indians brought their slaves to the west in the 1830s and 1840s when the federal government removed the nations from the southern states. The Cherokee, with more than fifteen hundred, had the largest number. Slave populations removed with the other nations ranged from approximately three hundred in the Creek Nation to more than twelve hundred in the Chickasaw Nation. By the time the Civil War broke out more than eight thousand blacks were enslaved in Indian Territory, where they comprised 14 percent of the population. Slavery continued in the territory through the Civil War. <ref>http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/S/SL003.html</ref> | |||
<br> | |||
=== All Black Towns of Oklahoma === | |||
More than 50 African-American towns were established between the 1865 and 1920. Many of the towns were formerly held by one of the [[Five Civilized Tribes|Five Civilized Tribes]]. | |||
'''Towns''': Boley, Clearview, Grayson, Langston, Lincoln, Redbird, Rentiesville, Taft, Tatums, Tullahassee, Vernon and Wewoka. | |||
'''Extinct Towns''': Bailey, Bookertee, Canadian Colored, Chase, Ferguson, Gibson Station, Liberty, Marshall Town, North Fork, Wellston Colony and Wybark. | |||
[http://www.worldcat.org/title/atlas-of-the-civil-war/oclc/318999229 Tulsa Historical Society and Museum ]<br> | |||
===== Family History Library ===== | |||
*Blattner, Teresa, ''People of Color: Black Genealogical Records and Abstracts from Missouri Sources" (Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, c1993,c 1998) {{WorldCat|29334936|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}};{{FHL|597154|item|disp=FHL Book 977.8 F2bt volume 1 and 2}}'' | |||
== | *Brown, William Wells, ''Narrative of William W. Brown, a Fugitive Slave'' (NY, NY: Johnson Reprint, 1970) {{WorldCat|457165953|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|45483|item|disp=FHL book 921.73 B815b}} | ||
*Eddlemon, Sherida K. and Marlene A. Towle, ''Missouri Genealogical Records and Abstracts'' (Bowie, Maryland : Heritage Books, c1990-2001) {{WorldCat|22158491|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|579651|item|disp=FHL book 977.8 R4e Volumes 2–6; CD-ROM no. 2762 v. 3}} | |||
*Mallory, Rudena Kramer, ''Claims by Missourians for compensation of enlisted slaves: records of the U.S. District Court of Kansas, Slave Compensation Records, November 3, 1866 to February 21, 1867, Record Group 21, National Archives-Central Plains Region, Kansas City, Missouri'' (SLC, Utah:Genealogical Society of Utah, 1992) {{FHL|551311|item|disp=FHL film 1597959 item 4}} | |||
== | *Lee, George R., ''Slavery North of St. Louis'' (Canton, Missouri: Lewis County Historical Society, Missouri, [200?]) {{WorldCat|44094812|disp=At other libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FHL|1483403|item|disp=FHL book 977.8 H6L}} | ||
*''State Slavery Statues'' (Bethesda, Maryland: University Publications of America, c1989) {{FHL|723107|item|disp=FHL fiche 6118911}} | |||
*United States Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands and Washington Reginald, ''Records of the field offices for the state of Missouri, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1972: NARA, RG 105, M1908'' (College Park, MD: NARA, 2004) {{FHL|1461239|item|disp=FHL films 2426982–2427005}} | |||
===== Slave owners ===== | |||
*In the 1830s African American slavery was established in the Indian Territory, the region that would become Oklahoma. By the late eighteenth century, when over half a million Africans were enslaved in the South, the five southern Indian societies of that region Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole had come to include both enslaved blacks and small numbers of free African Americans <ref>[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/S/SL003.html Oklahoma State Digital Library]</ref> | |||
=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
{{ | {{Oklahoma|Oklahoma}} {{African American}} | ||
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[[Category:Oklahoma, United States]] [[Category: | [[Category:Oklahoma, United States]] [[Category:African_American_Records]] | ||
Revision as of 15:54, 8 May 2018
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A list of resources to research African American ancestors who lived in Oklahoma.
Archives and Libraries[edit | edit source]
The Black Archives of Mid-America, located in Kansas City, Missouri, is a center for learning and research into the African American experience in Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Oklahoma and the Midwest at large.
City Directories[edit | edit source]
Muskogee Oklahoma Negro Directory : includes the town of Taft (FamilySearch Catalog Film Number:1994331 Item 6)
Freedmen[edit | edit source]
History of African American Oklahomans
[1]
Homestead Records
[2]
- Homestead Act
- Oklahoma Homesteader Records
- Oklahoma's All-Black Towns
- Langston City Heraldpromoted African American homesteading in the Oklahoma Territory.
Migration[edit | edit source]
Military[edit | edit source]
Newspapers[edit | edit source]
- Newspapers, African American
- Langston City Herald
- Pioneer newspaper, c[a. 1898-1905]The Pioneer was an African-American newspaper published in Muskogee County.
Oral History[edit | edit source]
Prison Records[edit | edit source]
Aylesworth State Prison Farm, 1916-1925, Marshall County, Oklahoma
Schools "The Aylesworth State Prison Farm was an all black prison located in Marshall County and was in existence between 1916 and 1925." -- P. 1. (FamilySearch Catalog Film Number: 1838318 Item 14)
Schools[edit | edit source]
[edit | edit source]
Tenant Farming and Sharecropping
Online Resources[edit | edit source]
- The African-Native American Genealogy Blog
- Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History
- Chronicles of Oklahoma
- Black Archives of Mid-America
Slavery[edit | edit source]
A few hundred black slaves had run away from their white masters and sought refuge in Creek, Seminole, and Cherokee settlements, where they were received as free people. While some Indian communities incorporated blacks as free people, American Indians in each of the nations, except the Seminole, began to purchase African Americans as slaves.
A number of Indian farmers had large tracts of land under cultivation and used enslaved laborers to produce cotton and surplus crops for sale and profit. Most Indian slave owners, however, practiced subsistence agriculture, and both slaves and masters labored side by side in the fields. By the 1830s well over three thousand African Americans, mostly slaves, lived among the tribes.
American Indians brought their slaves to the west in the 1830s and 1840s when the federal government removed the nations from the southern states. The Cherokee, with more than fifteen hundred, had the largest number. Slave populations removed with the other nations ranged from approximately three hundred in the Creek Nation to more than twelve hundred in the Chickasaw Nation. By the time the Civil War broke out more than eight thousand blacks were enslaved in Indian Territory, where they comprised 14 percent of the population. Slavery continued in the territory through the Civil War. [1]
All Black Towns of Oklahoma[edit | edit source]
More than 50 African-American towns were established between the 1865 and 1920. Many of the towns were formerly held by one of the Five Civilized Tribes.
Towns: Boley, Clearview, Grayson, Langston, Lincoln, Redbird, Rentiesville, Taft, Tatums, Tullahassee, Vernon and Wewoka.
Extinct Towns: Bailey, Bookertee, Canadian Colored, Chase, Ferguson, Gibson Station, Liberty, Marshall Town, North Fork, Wellston Colony and Wybark.
Tulsa Historical Society and Museum
Family History Library[edit | edit source]
- Blattner, Teresa, People of Color: Black Genealogical Records and Abstracts from Missouri Sources" (Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, c1993,c 1998) At various libraries (WorldCat);FHL Book 977.8 F2bt volume 1 and 2
- Brown, William Wells, Narrative of William W. Brown, a Fugitive Slave (NY, NY: Johnson Reprint, 1970) At various libraries (WorldCat); FHL book 921.73 B815b
- Eddlemon, Sherida K. and Marlene A. Towle, Missouri Genealogical Records and Abstracts (Bowie, Maryland : Heritage Books, c1990-2001) At various libraries (WorldCat); FHL book 977.8 R4e Volumes 2–6; CD-ROM no. 2762 v. 3
- Mallory, Rudena Kramer, Claims by Missourians for compensation of enlisted slaves: records of the U.S. District Court of Kansas, Slave Compensation Records, November 3, 1866 to February 21, 1867, Record Group 21, National Archives-Central Plains Region, Kansas City, Missouri (SLC, Utah:Genealogical Society of Utah, 1992) FHL film 1597959 item 4
- Lee, George R., Slavery North of St. Louis (Canton, Missouri: Lewis County Historical Society, Missouri, [200?]) At other libraries (WorldCat); FHL book 977.8 H6L
- State Slavery Statues (Bethesda, Maryland: University Publications of America, c1989) FHL fiche 6118911
- United States Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands and Washington Reginald, Records of the field offices for the state of Missouri, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1972: NARA, RG 105, M1908 (College Park, MD: NARA, 2004) FHL films 2426982–2427005
Slave owners[edit | edit source]
- In the 1830s African American slavery was established in the Indian Territory, the region that would become Oklahoma. By the late eighteenth century, when over half a million Africans were enslaved in the South, the five southern Indian societies of that region Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole had come to include both enslaved blacks and small numbers of free African Americans [2]
References[edit | edit source]
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