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| | link5=[[South Dakota Emigration and Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]] | | | link5=[[South Dakota Emigration and Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]] |
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| <div id="fsButtons"><span class="online_records_button">[[United States Immigration Online Genealogy Records]]</span></div>
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| ==How to Find the Records==
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| === Online Resources ===
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| *'''1500s-1900s''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7486/?arrival=_south+dakota-usa_44&count=50 All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s] at Ancestry - index only ($); ''Also at [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10017/passenger-immigration-lists-1500-1900?s=1&formId=pili&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar MyHeritage]''; index only ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *'''1821-1989''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2469 U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
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| *'''1895-1956''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10942/united-states-border-crossings-from-canada-1895-1956?s=1&formId=collection_10942:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar&qevents=List United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956] at MyHeritage - index & images ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *'''1898-1899''' [https://history.sd.gov/archives/brandbook.aspx South Dakota State Historical Society: South Dakota State Brand Book (Index), 1898-1899]
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| *'''1900''' [https://archive.org/stream/litlegembrandboo00kans#page/2/mode/2up Little Gem Brand Book, 1900]
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| ====Cultural Groups====
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| *'''1920-1939''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10924/germany-bremen-emigration-lists-1920-1939?s=1&formId=collection_10924:searchFormDef&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=master,immigration&p=1&qevents-event1=Event+et.any+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar&qevents=List Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10019/germans-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar Germans Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10030/italians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar Italians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10029/russians-immigrating-to-the-united-states?s=1&formId=immigration-norels&formMode=1&useTranslation=1&exactSearch=&action=query&initialFormIds=immigration,pili,immigration-norels&p=1&qimmigration=Event+et.immigration+ep.South%2F3Dakota+epmo.similar Russians Immigrating to the United States] at MyHeritage - index only ($); includes those with Destination of South Dakota
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| *[http://www.odessa3.org/about.html Odessa3: Germans from Russia]
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| ==== Passport Records Online ==== | | {| style="float:right; margin-right:200px" |
| *'''1795-1925''' {{RecordSearch|2185145|United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925}} at FamilySearch - [[United States, Passport Applications - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
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| *'''1795-1925''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1174 U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925] Index and images, at Ancestry ($)
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| | |[[Image:Men working on the railroad in South Dakota.jpg|thumb|left|Men working on the railroad in South Dakota.jpg]] |
| | |} |
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| ===Offices to Contact=== | | {| width="100%"; |
| Although many records are included in the online records listed above, there are other records available through these archives and offices. For example, there are many minor ports that have not yet been digitized. There are also records for more recent time periods. For privacy reasons, some records can only be accessed after providing proof that your ancestor is now deceased.
| | | valign="top" width="29%" | <br><!-- 1st column - TOC --> |
| ====National Archives and Records Administration==== | | __TOC__ |
| *The [https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/overview '''National Archives (NARA)'''] has immigration records for arrivals to the United States from foreign ports between approximately 1820 and 1982. The records are arranged by [https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html#https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html#where '''Port of Arrival (See Part 5).''']
| | | valign="top" width="1%" | <!-- 2nd column - blank --> |
| :*You may do research in immigration records in person at the National Archives Building, 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20408-0001.
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| *Some [https://www.archives.gov/locations '''National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) regional facilities'''] have selected immigration records; call to verify their availability or check the online Microfilm Catalog.
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| *Libraries with large genealogical collections, such as the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog '''FamilySearch Library in Salt Lake City, Utah'''] and the [https://acpl-cms.wise.oclc.org/genealogy '''Allen County Piblic Library'''] also have selected NARA microfilm publications.
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| :*Order copies of passenger arrival records with [https://www.archives.gov/files/forms/pdf/natf-81.pdf '''NATF Form 81'''.]
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| ====U.S. Citizenship and and Immigration Services Genealogy Program====
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| The [https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy '''USCIS Genealogy Program'''] is a fee-for-service program that provides researchers with timely access to historical immigration and naturalization records of deceased immigrants. If the immigrant was born less than 100 years ago, you will also need to provide proof of his/her death.
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| =====Immigration Records Available===== | |
| *[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/a-files-numbered-below-8-million '''A-Files:'''] Immigrant Files, (A-Files) are the individual alien case files, which became the official file for all immigration records created or consolidated since April 1, 1944.
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| *[https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy/historical-record-series/alien-registration-forms-on-microfilm-1940-1944 '''Alien Registration Forms (AR-2s):'''] Alien Registration Forms (Form AR-2) are copies of approximately 5.5 million Alien Registration Forms completed by all aliens age 14 and older, residing in or entering the United States between August 1, 1940 and March 31, 1944.
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| *[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/registry-files-march-2-1929-march-31-1944''' Registry Files:'''] Registry Files are records, which document the creation of immigrant arrival records for persons who entered the United States prior to July 1, 1924, and for whom no arrival record could later be found.
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| *[https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/genealogy/historical-record-series/visa-files-july-1-1924-march-31-1944'''Visa Files:'''] Visa Files are original arrival records of immigrants admitted for permanent residence under provisions of the Immigration Act of 1924.<ref>"Genealogy", at USCIS, https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy, accessed 26 March 2021.</ref>
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| =====Requesting a Record===== | | | valign="top" width="50%" | <!-- MIDDLE column --> |
| *[https://genealogy.uscis.dhs.gov/ '''Web Request Page'''] allows you to request a records, pay fees, and upload supporting documents (proof of death).
| | |} |
| *[https://www.uscis.gov/records/genealogy/genealogical-records-help/record-requests-frequently-asked-questions '''Record Requests Frequently Asked Questions''']
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| ====Germans from Russia====
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| [http://www.grhs.org '''Germans from Russia Heritage Society''']<br>
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| 1008 E Central Ave<br>
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| Bismarck, ND 58501<br>
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| USA<br>
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| Telephone: 701-223-6167<br>
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| The focus is on the Black Sea and Bessarabian Germans with assistance for the Caucasus, Crimea and other regions close to the Black Sea, with some help for other areas as well.
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| ==Finding Town of Origin==
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| Records in the countries emigrated from are kept on the local level. You must first identify the '''name of the town''' where your ancestors lived to access those records. If you do not yet know the name of the town of your ancestor's birth, there are well-known strategies for a thorough hunt for it.
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| *[[U. S. Immigration Records: Finding the Town of Origin|'''U. S. Immigration Records: Finding the Town of Origin''']]
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| ==Background==
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| *Pre-statehood settlers of South Dakota generally came from '''Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois'''.
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| *Many of the pre-1860 settlers were of '''Norwegian''' descent.
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| *The first major influx of settlers began in 1863, after passage of the first '''[https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/homestead-act Homestead Act]'''. Homesteaders in the late 1860s and early 1870s came from the '''eastern and mid-western states'''. Many others came from Europe, including groups of '''Swedes, Danes, Czechs, and Germans from Russia.'''
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| * The '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hills_Gold_Rush Black Hills gold rush of 1875-1877]''' also attracted thousands of people.
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| *The great Dakota land boom in northeastern and central South Dakota began in 1877 and reached its peak by 1887, two years before statehood. This boom, coinciding with the construction of railways into the region, brought many additional settlers. Immigrants of many ethnic backgrounds, especially '''English, Scandinavian, and Dutch''', continued to come from nearby states of the upper Mississippi valley.
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| *Small groups also came directly from overseas, including '''Welsh immigrants and additional Germans from Russia'''.
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| *New lands became available in the western part of the state in the early 1900s, but a severe drought in 1910 and 1911 brought a temporary halt to homesteading and caused significant emigration from the state.
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| ==Immigration Records==
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| '''Immigration''' refers to people coming into a country. '''Emigration''' refers to people leaving a country to go to another. Immigration records usually take the form of ship's '''passenger lists''' collected at the port of entry. See [[South Dakota Emigration and Immigration#Online Resources|'''Online Resources'''.]]
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| ===What can I find in them?===
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| ====[[South Dakota Emigration and Immigration #Online Resources|Information in Passenger Lists]]====
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| *'''Before 1820''' - Passenger lists before 1820 included '''name, departure information and arrival details'''. The names of wives and children were often not included.
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| *'''1820-1891''' - Customs Passenger Lists between 1820 and 1891 asked for '''each immigrant’s name, their age, their sex, their occupation, and their country of origin''', but not the city or town of origin.
| | === Online Resources === |
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| *'''1891-1954''' - Information given on passenger lists from 1891 to 1954 included: | | *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2469 U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989] ($) |
| **name, age, sex,
| | *[http://history.sd.gov/archives/exhibits/brandbook/default.aspx South Dakota State Historical Society: South Dakota State Brand Book (Index), 1898-1899]. |
| **nationality, occupation, marital status,
| | *[https://archive.org/stream/litlegembrandboo00kans#page/2/mode/2up Little Gem Brand Book, 1900] |
| **last residence, final destination in the U.S.,
| | {{ImmDCleft}}<br><br><br> |
| **whether they had been to the U.S. before (and if so, when, where and how long), | |
| **if joining a relative, who this person was, where they lived, and their relationship, | |
| **whether able to read and write,
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| **whether in possession of a train ticket to their final destination, who paid for the passage,
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| **amount of money the immigrant had in their possession,
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| **whether the passenger had ever been in prison, a poorhouse, or in an institution for the insane,
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| **whether the passenger was a polygamist,
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| **and immigrant's state of health.
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| *'''1906--''' - In 1906, the '''physical description and place of birth''' were included, and a year later, the '''name and address of the passenger’s closest living relative in the country of origin''' was included.
| | === People === |
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| ====[[South Dakota Emigration and Immigration#Passport Records Online|Information in Passports]] ====
| | {{Adoption SDGenWeb}} |
| Over the years, passports and passport applications contained different amounts of information about the passport applicant. The first passports that are available begin in 1795. These usually contained the individual's name, description of individual, and age. More information was required on later passport applications, such as:
| | <ref>The photo above shows men working on a South Dakota railroad around 1910. The photo is courtesy of http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/c/r/a/Wallace-M-Crawford/PHOTO/0006photo.html</ref> The photo above shows men working on a South Dakota railroad around 1910. During the first half of the nineteenth century, various Sioux (also called Dakota) tribes lived in the area that became South Dakota. These included the Santee, Teton, Yankton, and Yanktonnais tribes. The Dakota Sioux Indians comprise about five percent of the state's present population. Most of the present inhabitants are descendants of pioneers who came to South Dakota before 1920. Pre-statehood settlers of South Dakota generally came from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois. Many of the pre-1860 settlers were of Norwegian descent. Some came to southeastern South Dakota by covered wagon across northern Iowa or southern Minnesota. Others came by railway to St. Joseph, Missouri, then by steamboat up the Missouri River. The first major influx of settlers began in 1863, after passage of the first '''[http://users.rcn.com/deeds/homestead.htm Homestead Act]'''. Homesteaders in the late 1860s and early 1870s came from the eastern and mid-western states. Many others came from Europe, including groups of Swedes, Danes, Czechs, and Germans from Russia. The '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hills_Gold_Rush Black Hills gold rush of 1875-1877]''' also attracted thousands of people. The great Dakota land boom in northeastern and central South Dakota began in 1877 and reached its peak by 1887, two years before statehood. This boom, coinciding with the construction of railways into the region, brought many additional settlers. Immigrants of many ethnic backgrounds, especially English, Scandinavian, and Dutch, continued to come from nearby states of the upper Mississippi valley. Small groups also came directly from overseas, including Welsh immigrants and additional Germans from Russia. New lands became available in the western part of the state in the early 1900s, but a severe drought in 1910 and 1911 brought a temporary halt to homesteading and caused significant emigration from the state. |
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| *Birthplace
| | === '''Records''' === |
| *Birth date
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| *Naturalization information
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| *Arrival information, if foreign born
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| ==In-country Migration==
| | Most European settlers in South Dakota came through the port of New York or other east coast ports. The Family History Library and the National Archives have passenger lists or indexes for American ports for the years 1820 to 1943, and for Canadian ports for 1865 to 1900. The library also has records of the Canadian border crossings of 1895 to 1954. More detailed information on immigration sources is in [[United States Emigration and Immigration]]. |
| Some settlers came to southeastern South Dakota by covered wagon across northern Iowa or southern Minnesota. Others came by railway to St. Joseph, Missouri, then by steamboat up the Missouri River.
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| === South Dakota Migration Routes ===
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| [[Missouri River]]{{·}} [[Red River of the North]]{{·}} [[Great Northern Railway (U.S.)]]{{·}} [[Wadsworth Trail]]
| | Histories and compiled biographies of major ethnic groups such as the Czechs and the Russian Germans are listed in the familysearch.org in a [https://www.familysearch.org/#form=catalog&catSearchType=place Locality Search ]of the FamilySearch Catalog under SOUTH DAKOTA - MINORITIES. American Indian records are generally listed in the FamilySearch Catalog under SOUTH DAKOTA - NATIVE RACES (see [[Indians of South Dakota|Indians of South Dakota]]). |
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| ==For Further Reading== | | == Web Sites == |
| The FamilySearch Library has additional sources listed in their catalog:
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| *{{FSC|United States, South Dakota - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=1796090295|disp=United States, South Dakota - Emigration and immigration}}
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| *{{FSC|United States, South Dakota - Minorities|subject|subject-id=2092064202|disp=United States, South Dakota - Minorities}}
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| *{{FSC|United States, South Dakota - Minorities - Biography|subject|subject-id=1479498934|disp=United States, South Dakota - Minorities - Biography}}
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| *{{FSC|United States, South Dakota - Minorities - Genealogy - Periodicals|subject|subject-id=192701730|disp=United States, South Dakota - Minorities - Genealogy - Periodicals}}
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| *{{FSC|United States, South Dakota - Minorities - History|subject|subject-id=667118057|disp=United States, South Dakota - Minorities - History}}
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| == References == | | == References == |
| <references/>
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| *''[[South Dakota Genealogy|South Dakota]] Research Outline.'' Salt Lake City, Utah: Intellectual Reserve, Inc., Family History Department, 1998, 2001. | | *''[[South Dakota Genealogy|South Dakota]] Research Outline.'' Salt Lake City, Utah: Intellectual Reserve, Inc., Family History Department, 1998, 2001. |
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