Sac and Fox Nation

Ancestral Homeland: Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri

Members of the Sac and Fox Tribe presently reside primarliy in Iowa, Missouri, and Oklahoma.

History

Brief Timeline

• 1665–1712:  Three relatively small tribes (including the Sauk and the Fox) failed to overcome the French and allied Indians; they then fled to central Wisconsin.
• 1728:  A series of attacks nearly destroyed the remaining Fox tribe.
• 1734: Sac and Fox tribes, became one tribe
• 1832:  Fox survivors moved southward into Iowa and aligned with the Sauk in the Black Hawk War. The Sauk and Fox tribes merged and were forced to move into Kansas by a U.S. government proclamation. Later the Fox tribe returned to Iowa and lived on a settlement tract of 80 acres that they had purchased.

Records

The following are examples of records for this tribe at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City:

• Indian (Sac & Fox) Census of Iowa, ca. 1836–1840. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1978. (FHL film 1022202 item 4)
• United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Indian Census Rolls, 1885–1940. Washington, DC, 1965. (FHL films 581444–446) These rolls include the Sauk and Fox census rolls from 1888 to 1939. Film 581446 includes births and deaths from 1924 to 1932.
• Annuity Payroll of the Sac and Fox of the Mississippi in Iowa, Sept. 15, 1910. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1975. (FHL film 0989445 item 12) This record serves as a partial census for this tribe.

Treaties

• 1789 January 9, at Fort Harmer  
• 1804 November 3, at St. Louis
• 1815 September 14, at Portage des Sioux
• 1815 September 13,
• 1816 May 13, at St. Louis
• 1822 September 3, at Fort Armstrong
• 1825  August 19, at Prairie des Chiens
• 1830 July 15, at Prairie des Chiens
• 1832 September 12, at Fort Armstrong
• 1836  September 17, at Fort Leavenworth
• 1836 September 27,
• 1836 September 28, on right bank of Mississippi River, county of Debuque, Territory of Wisconsin
• 1836 September 28,
• 1837 October 21, at Washington
• 1837 October 21, at Washington
• 1842 October 11, Territory of Iowa
• 1854 May 18, at Washington
• 1859  October 1, at Sax and Fox Agency,Territory of Kansas
• 1861 March 6, at Great Nemaba Agency, Nebraska Territory
• 1867 February 18,

Important Web Sites

• Official Tribal Web Site
• Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississipi in Iowa 1938
• Constitution and By-Laws of the Sac and Fox Reservation in Kansas and Nebraska 1937
• Constitution of the Sac and Fox Nation
• Sac and Fox Nation article from Wikipedia
• A brief history of the Sac and Fox tribe

References

Bibliography

• Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 Available online.
• Klein, Barry T., ed. Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. WorldCat 317923332; FHL book 970.1 R259e.
• Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. WorldCat 37475188; FHL book 970.1 G131g.

Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean

Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America

Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau

Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands

• Sturtevant, William C. Handbook of North American Indians. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– .
  

Volume 1 -- Not yet published

Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- WorldCat 234303751

Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- WorldCat 255572371

Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- WorldCat 19331914; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4.

Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- WorldCat 299653808; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5.

Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- WorldCat 247493742; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6.

Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- WorldCat 247493311

Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 13240086; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8.

Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- WorldCat 26140053; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9.

Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- WorldCat 301504096; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10.

Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- WorldCat 256516416; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11.

Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- WorldCat 39401371; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12.

Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- WorldCat 48209643

Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- WorldCat 254277176

Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 356517503; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15.

Volume 16 -- Not yet published

Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- WorldCat 43957746

Volume 18 -- Not yet published

Volume 19 -- Not yet published

Volume 20 -- Not yet published

• Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
• Waldman, Carl. Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. WorldCat 14718193; FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006.Indian Tribes of North America

Family History Library (FHL); now called, FamilySearch Library (FSL)