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''[[United States|United States ]] > [[United States Migration Internal|Migration ]] > [[US Migration Trails and Roads|Trails and Roads ]] > [[Santa_Fe_Trail|Santa Fe Trail]]'' | ''[[United States|United States ]] > [[United States Migration Internal|Migration ]] > [[US Migration Trails and Roads|Trails and Roads ]] > [[Santa_Fe_Trail|Santa Fe Trail]]'' | ||
[[Image:Santa Fe Trail map.gif|thumb|right | [[Image:Santa Fe Trail map.gif|thumb|right]]<br><br> | ||
=== Historical Background === | === Historical Background === | ||
The Santa Fe Trail was an overland international trade route, military road, and pioneer migration trail in central North America between the [[United States|United States]] and [[ | The Santa Fe Trail was an overland international trade route, military road, and pioneer migration trail in central North America between the [[United States|United States]] and [[Mexico|Mexico]] from 1821 to 1880. Shortly after [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_independence Mexican independence from Spain] in 1821, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Becknell William Bicknell], a merchant-trader opened the Santa Fe Trail as a lucrative trade route from Franklin, [[Portal:Missouri|Missouri]] to Santa Fe, [[Portal:New Mexico|New Mexico]]. During most of its history the trail was used to carry pack-trains or wagon loads of trade goods between Missouri and New Mexico. In 1846 at the start of the [[Mexican War, 1846 to 1848|Mexican War]] the United States Army used the Santa Fe Trail to invade and later supply New Mexico. At the end of the war Mexico ceded territory that would become [[Portal:California|California]], [[Portal:Nevada|Nevada]], [[Portal:Utah|Utah]], [[Colorado|Colorado]], [[Arizona|Arizona]], and [[New Mexico|New Mexico]] to the United States. Some American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Gold_Rush forty-niners] used the Santa Fe Trail on the way to the California gold fields. Before long, ox teams pulling wagons began to carry more and more [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_pioneer pioneers] from the expanding United States into New Mexico and the western states. Eventually, in 1880, the old wagon trail was replaced by the [[Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway|Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway]] which roughly followed the Santa Fe Trail Mountain Route from Kansas City into Colorado and New Mexico.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Santa Fe Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Fe_Trail (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> | ||
Part of the reason the Santa Fe Trail was a success was because it linked the [[United States|United States]] to two other significant trade routes, the [[Camino Real de Tierra Adentro|Camino Real]], and the [[Old Spanish Trail|Old Spanish Trail]], all forming a hub in Santa Fe. Since 1598 the Camino Real had been used to carry settlers and goods from Mexico City and Chihuahua to Santa Fe.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Camino_Real_de_Tierra_Adentro (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> When the Santa Fe Trail opened these Mexican goods could be traded for goods from the United States. In 1829-1830 the Old Spanish Trail also was opened connecting Los Angeles to Santa Fe making even more merchandise available for trade.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Old Spanish Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route) (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> | Part of the reason the Santa Fe Trail was a success was because it linked the [[United States|United States]] to two other significant trade routes, the [[Camino Real de Tierra Adentro|Camino Real]], and the [[Old Spanish Trail|Old Spanish Trail]], all forming a hub in Santa Fe. Since 1598 the Camino Real had been used to carry settlers and goods from Mexico City and Chihuahua to Santa Fe.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Camino_Real_de_Tierra_Adentro (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> When the Santa Fe Trail opened these Mexican goods could be traded for goods from the United States. In 1829-1830 the Old Spanish Trail also was opened connecting Los Angeles to Santa Fe making even more merchandise available for trade.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Old Spanish Trail" in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spanish_Trail_(trade_route) (accessed 19 July 2009).</ref> | ||
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{{reflist}}<br><br> | {{reflist}}<br><br> | ||
[[Category:Migration_Routes | [[Category:Migration_Routes]] [[Category:US_Migration_Trails_and_Roads]] [[Category:New_Mexico]] [[Category:Colorado]] [[Category:Kansas]] [[Category:Oklahoma]] [[Category:Texas]] [[Category:Missouri|Missouri]] | ||