Swedish Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

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This list contains Swedish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Swedish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)
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The Swedish Genealogical Word List shows Swedish words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Swedish ancestors. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Swedish-English dictionary such as the [http://swedishgenealogyguide.com/dictionaries/swedish-historical-dictionary-database-shdd Swedish Historical Dictionary Database, SHDD]. (Or see "Additional Resources" below.)
Swedish is a Germanic language, as are Norwegian, Danish, and Icelandic. Most differences between modern and old Swedish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the Spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list.


Swedish is a Germanic language like Danish, Norwegian, and Icelandic. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in Sweden in 1917. The sections of '''Language Characteristics''', '''Key Words''', and '''Additional Resources''' below are designed to help you find the words you need. <br>
Swedish is spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland. The Swedish language was used in official records of Finland until the end of the 1800s.  
 
== Word List ==
 
Click on the little box next to the word Swedish or English to sort the list by that language. Or, hold down the "ctrl" and "f" keys on your keyboard to search for a specific word. If you are looking for an occupation see [[Sweden Occupations|'''Sweden Occupations''']].
 
To get help with common abbreviations in Swedish records see: [[Sweden Abbreviations in Family History Sources]].
 
The entire Swedish to English word list is available in a PDF file [[Media:Swedish to English Word List from the FamilySearch Wiki May 2011.pdf|Swedish to English Word List from the FamilySearch Wiki May 2011]].
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
|-
! scope="col" |Swedish
! scope="col" |English
|-
|abbot
|abbot
|-
|[[Swedish Occupation: Accismästare|accismästare]]
|customs officer
|-
|ackuschörska
|a midwife
|-
|[[Swedish Occupation: Adelsbussar|adelsbussar]]
|(military) soldier of lower rank
|-
|adelsman
|nobleman
|-
|adelssven
|page (youth); a young nobleman who worked at a royal court
|-
|adjunctus sacri ministerii
|(Latin) pastorsadjunkt; see adjunkt
|-
|adjunkt
|(civil) teacher of 2nd level university, higher learning, or seminary; (ecclesiastical) pastorsadjunkt/pastoratsadjunkt
|-
|adlig
|noble
|-
|administer, administra
|(Latin) attendant, assistant
|-
|administrator
|(Latin) administrator
|-
|adopterad
|adopted
|-
|adress
|address
|-
|adressbok
|directory
|-
|advocat
|lawyer, attorney
|-
|advocatus ecclesiae
|(Latin) lawyer of the assembly
|-
|aedituus
|(Latin) keeper of the sacristy, person in charge of the sacristy and ceremonial equipment
|-
|afton
|evening
|-
|aftonsångspredikant
|evening-service preacher
|-
|agent
|agent, representative
|-
|aktor
|accuser, impeacher, prosecutor
|-
|aktris
|actress, female play actor, performer
|-
|akut luftrörsinflammation
|Bronchitis
|-
|aktör
|actor, male play actor, performer
|-
|aldrig
|never
|-
|alla, allt
|all
|-
|almsveda
|shingles
|-
|alltid
|always
|-
|allvarlig blodbrist
|anemia
|-
|allmänningsbonde
|common farmer, peasant, or man
|-
|allmäningskarl
|common farmer, peasant, or man
|-
|ambarn
|nursing child
|-
|amiral
|admiral (military)
|-
|ammande kvinna
|nursing mother
|-
|anasarcha
|anasarca (a form of edema)
|-
|andra
|second, others
|-
|andfåddhet
|respiratory distress
|-
|andnöd
|respiratory distress
|-
|andtäppa
|shortness of breath, asthma
|-
|anemi
|anemia
|-
|anfall
|seizure(s)
|-
|anförare
|leader, chief, commander, captain general, captain (1788)
|-
|angivare
|informer (1788)
|-
|angiven
|given, stated
|-
|anklagare
|accuser, impeacher (1788)
|-
|ankom
|came, arrived
|-
|anmärkningar
|remarks, annotations
|-
|annan
|other
|-
|ansättare
|(military) rammer, service position with ramrods
|-
|antavla
|pedigree chart
|-
|anteckning
|note, annotation, remark
|-
|apostem
|swelling, boils, or growths of some sort
|-
|apotekare
|pharmaceutical chemist, pharmacist
|-
|april
|April
|-
|arbetare
|worker, laborer
|-
|arbetskarl, arbk.
|male worker, workman, laborer
|-
|arbetsman
|male worker, workman, laborer
|-
|arjeplogsjukan
|porphyria
|-
|arkebusier
|(military) member of firing squad
|-
|arkebusera
|to shoot by order of the court
|-
|arkibiskop
|(1788) archbishop, |modern Swedish ärkebiskop
|-
|arkiv
|archive
|-
|arklimästare
|(military) gunner, |gunner's mate, quarter gunner (from 1829)
|-
|aromatisk värk
|rheumatism
|-
|[[Swedish Occupation: Arrendator|arrendator]]
|tenant farmer, leaseholder
|-
|artillerist
|(military) man of the artillery
|-
|artillerikonstapel
|(military) bombardier
|-
|arton (artonde)
|eighteen (eighteenth)
|-
|-
|arv
|inheritance
|-
|arvinge
|heir
|-
|arvskifte
|distribution of an inherited estate
|-
|arvsot
|hereditary illness
|-
|asiatiska influenzan
|asian flu
|-
|assessor
|assessor
|-
|assuradör
|insurer, underwriter
|-
|aterom
|atheroma
|-
|att
|that (for example: know that he died)
|-
|attest
|certificate
|-
|augusti
|August
|-
|augustifeber
|malaria
|-
|auktionist, auktionskommissarie
|auctioneer, one who performs auctions for public sale
|-
|auktor, autor
|author, penman, writer (1829)
|-
|av
|of
|-
|avgift
|fee
|-
|avgång
|departure
|-
|avgått
|moved
|-
|avgått med döden
|died (departed through death)
|-
|avig börd
|birthing complications
|-
|avliden
|deceased, death
|-
|avisskrivare
|newswriter, gazetteer
|-
|avskedad
|discharged, resigned
|-
|avskedad soldat
|discharged, resigned soldier
|-
|avskrivare (1788)
|transcriber, copier
|-
|avlsag
|postpartum infection
|-
|avsomna
|die, death
|-
|avvittring
|assignment of an inheritance to children of first marriage
|-
|axplockare
|gleaner, gleaning, earing, after gathering
|-
|backe
|hill
|-
|backstuguhjon
|cottager (1788); see backstugusittare
|-
|[[Swedish Occupation: Backstugusittare|backstugusittare]]
|cottager, one who owned a small cottage, dugout, or hut; dugout dweller
|-
|badare
|keeper of a bath house (1788)
|-
|badaremästare
|barber surgeon
|-
|badmästare
|bath-keeper (1889)
|-
|bagare
|baker
|-
|bagaregesäll
|baker's man
|-
|bagarelärling
|baker's apprentice, baker's boy, bread chipper
|-
|bagaremästare
|master baker
|-
|bakom
|behind
|-
|baneman
|slayer
|-
|banérförare
|(military) standard bearer, ensign bearer
|-
|banérherre
|(military) banneret
|-
|banér-riddare
|(military) knight banneret
|-
|baneslag
|death blow, mortal stroke
|-
|banesår
|death wound, mortal wound
|-
|bankvaktmästare
|porter, messenger at a bank
|-
|banmästare
|overseer of a railway line
|-
|bankvaktmästare
|porter, messenger at a bank
|-
|banmästare
|overseer of a railway line
|-
|bann
|excommunication
|-
|banna
|to scold, chide, reprehend, reprove
|-
|bannlysa
|to excommunicate
|-
|baptist
|Baptist
|-
|bar
|carried
|-
|bara
|only
|-
|bar barnet
|carried or held the child (at baptism font)
|-
|barberare
|barber, shaver
|-
|barberarebiträde
|barber's assistant
|-
|barberaregesäll
|journeyman barber
|-
|barberarelärling
|barber's apprentice
|-
|barkare
|tanner (1829)
|-
|barn
|child(ren)
|-
|barnafånge
|complications at childbirth
|-
|barnbarn
|grandchild(ren)
|-
|barnbok
|preconfirmation roll (in Finland)
|-
|barnbördshus
|maternity hospital
|-
|barnförlossare
|male midwife
|-
|barnförlämning
|polio
|-
|barnkolera
|diarrhea
|-
|barnkoppor
|smallpox
|-
|barnkvävning
|Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), Mother was often blamed for smothering the child. Sometimes the priest held an investigation to determine weather the death was an accident
|-
|barnlös
|childless
|-
|barnmorska
|midwife
|-
|barnpiga
|maid for children
|-
|barnsbörd, barnsäng
|childbirth
|-
|barnsjuka
|children's disease
|-
|barnsnöd
|complication at childbirth
|-
|barnsäng
|childbirth
|-
|barnsängsfeber
|perpetual complications or sickness at birth
|-
|Basedows sjukdom
|hyperthyroidism
|-
|befolkning
|population
|-
|begrava
|bury
|-
|begravning
|burial
|-
|begravningslängd
|burial record
|-
|begravningsplats
|cemetery
|-
|begått H(errens) H(eliga) Nattvard
|taken the Lord\'s Holy Communion
|-
|benröta, benbrand, benetter
|bone-rotting disease
|-
|benuppmjukning
|rickets, caused by vitamin D deficiencies
|-
|benåd
|pardon
|-
|benämd
|called
|-
|berg
|hill, mountain
|-
|bergfolk
|mountain people, highlanders
|-
|bergslag
|mining district
|-
|bergsman
|miner
|-
|beskattning
|taxation
|-
|beskrivning
|description
|-
|besökare
|customs official (archaic), visitor (modern)
|-
|beteckning för ägare eller brukare
|indication if owner or renter
|-
|betjänt
|servant, civil servant
|-
|bettlare
|beggar
|-
|betyg
|certificate
|-
|bevaka
|protect
|-
|bevis
|certificate, proof, evidence
|-
|bevistat läsförhören
|present at household examination (clerical survey)
|-
|beväring
|conscript
|-
|beväringsman
|recruit
|-
|bilaga
|supplement, enclosure
|-
|binnikemask
|tapeworm
|-
|biografi
|biography
|-
|biträde
|assistant
|-
|bleksot
|anemia
|-
|blind
|blind
|-
|Blindtarms inflamation
|appendicitis
|-
|bliva
|to become
|-
|blodförgiftning
|sepsis
|-
|blodkastning
|excessive blood flow to a specific area of the body, leading to a build up of blood in that area
|-
|blodkoppor
|no modern term. Infections or sicknesses that cause blood blisters
|-
|blodpropp
|thrombus
|-
|blodsjuka
|blood disorder
|-
|blodslag
|cerebal stroke
|-
|blodsot
|presents similar to dysentery but it can refer to several different illnesses
|-
|blodstörtning
|severe or sudden bleeding
|-
|blödning
|bleeding
|-
|blödarsjuka
|hemophilia or inability of the blood to clot, causing excessive bleeding from minor injuries
|-
|bo
|to live, home, estate
|-
|bok
|book
|-
|bokhållare
|bookkeeper
|-
|bonde
|farmer
|-
|borg
|castle, fortress
|-
|borgare
|citizen, burgher
|-
|borgmästare
|mayor
|-
|borta
|absent
|-
|bortgift
|married elsewhere
|-
|bostad
|domicile
|-
|boupptekning
|probate, estate inventory
|-
|bredvid
|next to
|-
|bro
|bridge
|-
|bror
|brother
|-
|brorsdotter
|niece, brother\'s daughter
|-
|brorsson
|nephew, brother\'s son
|-
|brottfällig
|epileptic fits
|-
|brud
|bride
|-
|brudfolk
|bridal couple
|-
|brudgum
|bridegroom
|-
|brudpar
|bridal couple
|-
|bruk
|foundry, mill, iron industry
|-
|brukare
|tenant farmer, leaseholder
|-
|bruksarbetare
|foundryman, mill hand, iron worker
|-
|brukningsdelen
|farm division
|-
|bryggare
|brewer
|-
|bräcklighet
|frailty
|-
|brännsjuka
|feber disease, literally a "burning disease"
|-
|bröllop
|wedding
|-
|bröstarvinge
|heir
|-
|bröstfeber
|pneumonia
|-
|bröstsjuka
|chest illness, pneumonia
|-
|bröstkov
|shortness of breath
|-
|bröstkvav
|shortness of breath, can mean suffocation
|-
|bröstlidande
|chest disease
|-
|bröstpassion
|chest pain
|-
|bröstveda
|chest disease
|-
|bröstvärk
|chest pain
|-
|bukbet
|abdominal pain
|-
|brukbrok
|umbilical hernia
|-
|bukrev
|constipation
|-
|bukvred
|intestinal blockage
|-
|by
|village
|-
|bygd
|countryside, region, area
|-
|byggmästare
|contractor, builder
|-
|båda
|both
|-
|båtsman
|seaman, sailor
|-
|bägge
|both
|-
|bägges barn
|child of both parents
|-
|bälgslag
|colic
|-
|böcker
|books
|-
|böld
|abscess, boil
|-
|böter
|fee, fine
|-
|bötfälld
|fined
|-
|caution
|security, deposit (as in bondsman)
|-
|cautionister
|witness
|-
|choret (koret)
|the most eastern part of the church floor plan, usually by the altar
|-
|Christendom, Kristendom
|Christianity, Christian, religious
|-
|circa (ca.) (Latin)
|about, approximately
|-
|civilregistret
|civil registrar
|-
|civilstånd
|marital status
|-
|coopvaerdi
|merchant marine
|-
|dag
|day
|-
|dagkarl
|day laborer
|-
|dal
|valley
|-
|Danmark
|Denmark
|-
|danneman
|farmer, gentleman
|-
|dansk
|danish
|-
|datum
|date
|-
|de
|they
|-
|december
|December
|-
|de där
|those
|-
|de här
|these
|-
|deja
|maidservant, milkmaid
|-
|demoiselle
|Miss
|-
|delinqventer
|delinquent, criminal (old spellling)
|-
|den
|the, it
|-
|den där
|that
|-
|den här
|this
|-
|deras
|their
|-
|dess
|his, her, its
|-
|det
|the, it
|-
|det där
|that
|-
|det här
|this
|-
|diarre
|diarrhea
|-
|djärv
|bold, daring, venturesome
|-
|dog
|dead, died
|-
|dom
|sentence, judgment
|-
|dom
|sentence, judgment
|-
|domare
|judge
|-
|dombok
|court record
|-
|domsaga
|judicial district
|-
|dop
|baptism, christening
|-
|doplängd
|record of baptisms
|-
|dopnamn
|given name
|-
|dotter
|daughter
|-
|dragon
|light cavalryman
|-
|drunknad
|drowned
|-
|dräng
|farmhand, bachelor
|-
|duplikat
|duplicate record
|-
|dygn
|24 hours, day
|-
|då
|then
|-
|där
|there
|-
|därstädes
|(of) that place
|-
|död, döda, döde
|dead, death
|-
|dödbok
|death record
|-
|dödfödd
|stillborn
|-
|dödslista
|death record
|-
|dödsorsak
|cause of death
|-
|död utan bröstarvinge
|died without issue
|-
|döpt, döpta, döpte, döpelse
|christening
|-
|dött
|has died
|-
|döv
|deaf
|-
|efter
|after
|-
|efterkommande
|descendant(s)
|-
|eftermiddag
|afternoon
|-
|efternamn
|surname
|-
|efter sig lämnat
|left behind, survived by
|-
|egendom
|property
|-
|ej
|not
|-
|ejusdem
|same day/month
|-
|eldsvåda
|extensive fire
|-
|elfte
|eleventh
|-
|eller
|or
|-
|elva
|eleven
|-
|emigrerade
|emigrated
|-
|en, ett
|a, one
|-
|en/ett hundra(de)
|one hundred (one-hundredth)
|-
|en/ett tusen(de)
|one thousand (one-thousandth)
|-
|Engelska sjukan
|ricketts (vitamin deficiency)
|-
|enligt
|according to
|-
|epilepsi
|epilepsy
|-
|ett, en
|a, one
|-
|evangelisk
|evangelical
|-
|fabrik
|factory, mill
|-
|fabriksarbetare
|factory worker
|-
|fadder
|christening witness, godparent
|-
|fader
|father
|-
|falla
|fall, to be killed in war
|-
|fallande sot
|epilepsy
|-
|familj
|family
|-
|far
|father
|-
|farbror
|paternal uncle
|-
|farfar
|paternal grandfather
|-
|farmor
|paternal grandmother
|-
|fasta
|fast, Lent
|-
|faster
|paternal aunt
|-
|fattig
|poor
|-
|fattighjon
|pauper
|-
|fattighus
|poorhouse
|-
|f. d. (före detta)
|former(ly)
|-
|feber
|fever
|-
|feberfrossa
|malaria
|-
|februari
|February
|-
|fem(te)
|five (fifth)
|-
|femtio(nde)
|fifty (fiftieth)
|-
|femton(de)
|fifteen (fifteenth)
|-
|finländare, finne
|Finn
|-
|finsk
|Finnish
|-
|fiskare
|fisherman
|-
|fjol (i fjol)
|last year
|-
|fjorton(de)
|fourteen (fourteenth)
|-
|fjärde
|fourth
|-
|fjärdingsman
|parish constable
|-
|flicka
|girl
|-
|flicknamn
|maiden name
|-
|fluss
|any disease related to fluids
|-
|flytta
|move
|-
|flyttningsbetyg
|certificate of moving
|-
|fogde
|sheriff, bailiff, warden
|-
|folio
|page
|-
|folkskollärare
|public school teacher
|-
|fortsättning (forts.)
|continued
|-
|fosterbarn
|foster child
|-
|fosterland
|native land, fatherland
|-
|framför
|in front of
|-
|fredag
|Friday
|-
|frejd
|a person's character, conduct
|-
|friherre
|baron
|-
|frilla
|concubine
|-
|frillebarn
|bastard child
|-
|frossa
|malaria
|-
|fru
|Mrs.
|-
|från
|from
|-
|frånskild
|divorced
|-
|frälse
|nobility
|-
|frälsegård, frälsehemman
|tax-exempt farm (farm owned by a nobleman who collected the tax)
|-
|främmande
|foreign, strange, belonging to another parish
|-
|fröken
|Miss
|-
|fulslag
|inflammation at the edge of a finger
|-
|fylleri
|drunkenness
|-
|fyra
|four
|-
|fyrtio(nde)
|forty (fortieth)
|-
|fånig
|brainsick, underwitted, idiotic (1889)
|-
|fältfeber
|typhoid fever
|-
|fältskär
|assistant army surgeon, barber- surgeon
|-
|fältväbel
|sergeant major
|-
|fästehjon
|betrothed couple, engaged pair
|-
|fästekvinna
|fiancée (female)
|-
|fästman
|fiancé (male)
|-
|fästmö
|fiancée (female)
|-
|fästning
|fortress
|-
|född, födda, födde, födelse
|born, birth
|-
|föddes
|was born
|-
|födelse
|birth
|-
|födelsebok
|birth record
|-
|födelsedag
|birthday
|-
|födelselängd
|birth record
|-
|födelseort
|place of birth
|-
|födorådstagare
|a person supported by another after giving up their estate. For example, residing for free, tax exemption, and receiving other fringe benefits. May be abbreviated as: Ftgr
|-
|följande
|following, next
|-
|för
|for
|-
|fördelsman
|person receiving support after giving his estate to another
|-
|fördärvad
|severely crippled
|-
|före
|before
|-
|föregående
|previous, preceding
|-
|förelyst
|banns (in Finland)
|-
|förening
|society
|-
|förfäder
|forefathers
|-
|förgiftad
|poisoned
|-
|förhör
|household examination
|-
|förklara
|declared, explained
|-
|förklaringen
|explanation
|-
|förkylning
|common cold
|-
|förlossning
|delivery (childbirth)
|-
|förlovad
|engaged
|-
|förlovning
|engagement
|-
|förmiddag
|morning, forenoon
|-
|förmyndare
|guardian
|-
|förmäla
|marry (older term)
|-
|förnamn
|given name
|-
|förra giftet
|previous marriage
|-
|förre, (den)
|former
|-
|förrätta
|perform
|-
|församling
|parish, congregation
|-
|församlingsbok
|clerical survey
|-
|första
|first
|-
|första gången
|first time
|-
|förstår
|understand
|-
|förstoppning
|constipation
|-
|försumlighet
|negligence, neglectfulness
|-
|försvarslös
|unemployed person, vagrant
|-
|förteckning
|list
|-
|föräldralös
|orphan
|-
|föräldrar
|parents
|-
|gamla
|old
|-
|gamla boken (G.B.)
|old book, previous clerical survey
|-
|gammal
|old
|-
|garvare
|tanner
|-
|gata
|street
|-
|gatehus, gatuhus
|A term used in Southern Sweden for a crofters house similar to a backstuga
|-
|genast
|right away, immediately
|-
|genealogi
|genealogy
|-
|genom
|through
|-
|gesäll
|journeyman
|-
|gift
|married
|-
|gifta sig
|to marry
|-
|gifte
|marriage
|-
|giftermål
|marriage ceremony
|-
|giftoman
|bride\'s sponsor
|-
|gikt
|gout
|-
|god
|good
|-
|gosse
|boy
|-
|granne
|neighbor
|-
|gratialist
|receiving a pension or cash from some special fund
|-
|grav
|grave
|-
|gravationer (estate inventories)
|claims against another persons estate
|-
|grekisk katolsk
|Eastern Orthodox
|-
|grenadjär
|infantryman
|-
|greve
|count (title of nobility)
|-
|gruva
|mine
|-
|gräns
|boundary line, border
|-
|gudeligen
|godly
|-
|gudfader
|godfather
|-
|gudmoder
|godmother
|-
|gulsot
|jaundice
|-
|gång
|time
|-
|gård
|farm, house
|-
|gåvor
|donations
|-
|gäll (gäld)
|clerical district
|-
|gästgivare
|innkeeper
|-
|gördelmakare
|brazier
|-
|halv-
|half-, step-
|-
|halvsyskon
|half siblings
|-
|hammarsmed
|forging smith
|-
|han
|he
|-
|handelsman
|merchant
|-
|handskmakare
|glove maker
|-
|hans
|his
|-
|hantverkare
|artisan
|-
|hastig
|acute
|-
|hattmakare
|hatmaker
|-
|hava
|to have
|-
|havande
|pregnant
|-
|hederlig
|honorable, honest
|-
|hektisk feber
|infectious disease accompanying a fever
|-
|helgonskyld
|tax or wage to the klockare often a agricultural product
|-
|helig
|holy
|-
|hem
|home
|-
|hemma
|at home
|-
|hemman
|farm, homestead
|-
|hemmansbrukare
|farmer
|-
|hemmansägare
|farmer, homeowner
|-
|hemort
|residence
|-
|hemvist
|domicile
|-
|henne
|her
|-
|heraldik
|heraldry
|-
|herr
|Mr.
|-
|Herren
|Lord
|-
|herrgård
|manorial estate
|-
|hetsig feber
|inflammatory fever
|-
|hinderlös
|free, unhindered (to travel, marry)
|-
|hinderlöshetsbetyg
|certificate of being unhindered
|-
|historia
|history
|-
|hittebarn
|foundling
|-
|hjon
|person belonging to a group, for example tjänstehjon, inhysseshjon, fattighjon
|-
|hjonelag
|connubial union (union in the state of marriage)
|-
|hjulmakare
|wheelwright
|-
|hjärnblödning
|stroke, cerebral hemorrhage
|-
|hjärtslag
|cardiac arrest
|-
|hjärtsprång
|heart disease
|-
|hon
|she
|-
|honom
|him
|-
|hos
|at, in, with
|-
|hosta
|cough
|-
|hovrätt
|circuit court of appeal
|-
|hujus
|this month
|-
|hur
|how
|-
|hus
|house
|-
|husar
|light cavalryman
|-
|husbonde
|master of a family or of a house
|-
|husfader
|head of household, father
|-
|husfolk
|farmers, farm people
|-
|husförhör, husförhörslängd
|clerical survey, household examination
|-
|husman
|farm laborer (owned house but not land)
|-
|husmoder
|female head of household, mother
|-
|hustru
|wife
|-
|hyresgäst
|lodger
|-
|håll och styng
|pneumonia
|-
|här
|here
|-
|härad
|civil district within a county
|-
|häradsrätt
|district court
|-
|härstädes
|here, at given location
|-
|hög
|high
|-
|höger
|right
|-
|höst
|autumn
|-
|i
|in
|-
|icke
|not
|-
|i dag
|today
|-
|i fjol
|last year
|-
|ifrån
|from
|-
|i går
|yesterday
|-
|ihjälslagen
|beaten to death
|-
|i morgon
|tomorrow
|-
|inflyttning
|incoming, moving in
|-
|inflyttningsbetyg
|moving in certificate
|-
|inflyttningslängd
|moving in register
|-
|ingen
|no, no one, none
|-
|inget
|nothing, none
|-
|inhyses
|a person living gratis (costless, free) at another persons house, lodger
|-
|innehåll
|contents
|-
|innevarande
|current
|-
|inskrivning
|entry
|-
|inskrivningsskyldiga
|conscription duty
|-
|invandrare
|immigrant
|-
|invandring
|immigration
|-
|januari
|January
|-
|jord
|earth, soil, land
|-
|jordbrukare
|farmer
|-
|jordebok
|land record
|-
|jordegumma
|midwife
|-
|jordfästning
|funeral, burial service
|-
|jordregisternamn
|land registry name
|-
|jude
|Jew
|-
|judisk
|Jewish
|-
|jul
|Christmas
|-
|juli
|July
|-
|jungfru
|Miss, maiden, virgin
|-
|juni
|June
|-
|jägare
|hunter
|-
|jägmästare
|forester
|-
|jämte
|together with
|-
|kallad
|called, named
|-
|kallbrand
|gangrene
|-
|kammarskrivare
|assistant clerk
|-
|kapellförsamling
|chapelry, dependent branch of a parish
|-
|kaplan
|assistant minister
|-
|karbunkel
|carbuncle
|-
|karl
|man, male
|-
|karta
|map
|-
|katalog
|directory, catalog
|-
|katekismilängd
|communion record
|-
|katolsk
|Catholic
|-
|kavallerist
|cavalryman
|-
|kikhosta
|whooping cough
|-
|klensmed
|toolmaker, locksmith
|-
|klockare
|parish clerk
|-
|knekt
|soldier
|-
|knektekontrakt
|agreement of enrollment
|-
|kofferdi
|merchant marine
|-
|kolare
|charcoal burner
|-
|kolera
|cholera
|-
|kolik
|colic
|-
|kommen ifrån
|came from
|-
|komminister
|assistant minister
|-
|kommun
|township, municipality, parish
|-
|kommunikant
|person receiving communion
|-
|kommunionbok
|communion book
|-
|kommunionlängd
|communion record
|-
|konfirmation
|confirmation
|-
|konfirmationslängd
|confirmation record
|-
|kontrahenterna
|marriage applicants
|-
|kontrakt
|deanery (clerical district)
|-
|konung, kung
|king
|-
|konvulsioner
|convulsions
|-
|kopparslagare
|coppersmith
|-
|koppor
|smallpox
|-
|kov
|shortness of breath
|-
|kramp
|convulsions
|-
|krank
|illness
|-
|krigsarkiv
|war archive, military archive
|-
|kristendom, christendom
|Christianity, Christian, religious
|-
|kristendomskunskap
|religious knowledge
|-
|kristnad
|christened, baptized
|-
|krono-
|belonging to the crown (government)
|-
|kronohemman
|farm owned by the crown (government)
|-
|krukmakare
|potter
|-
|kräfta
|cancer
|-
|kung, konung
|king
|-
|kungarike
|kingdom
|-
|kunglig
|royal
|-
|kusin
|cousin
|-
|kunskap
|knowledge
|-
|kvarlåtenskap
|possessions left after death
|-
|kvarn
|mill
|-
|kvarter
|block, quarter
|-
|kvinna, kvinnkjön
|woman, female
|-
|kvinnoklinik
|maternity hospital/clinic
|-
|kväll
|evening
|-
|kvävning
|suffocation
|-
|kyrka
|church
|-
|kyrkobok
|parish register
|-
|kyrkoby
|village in which the parish church is located
|-
|kyrkogång
|[[Scandinavia Introductions|introduction]] of mother into congregation after childbirth
|-
|kyrkogård
|churchyard, cemetery
|-
|kyrkoherde
|parish minister
|-
|kyrkosocken
|ecclesiastical parish
|-
|kyrkotagen
|[[Scandinavia Introductions|introduction]] of mother into congregation after childbirth
|-
|kyrkovaktare
|church officer
|-
|kyrkovärd
|church or parish warden
|-
|käresta
|loved one, wife
|-
|kön
|sex, gender
|-
|köpebrev
|purchase deed, title deed
|-
|köping
|small town
|-
|köpman
|merchant
|-
|körsnär
|furrier
|-
|lag
|law
|-
|laga år kommen
|of legal age
|-
|land
|land, country
|-
|landsarkiv
|provincial archive
|-
|landsförsamling
|rural parish of a city
|-
|landskap
|province
|-
|lapp
|Lapp
|-
|ledig
|unmarried, free
|-
|leva
|to live
|-
|levande
|living
|-
|lik
|corpse
|-
|lilla
|little, small
|-
|liten
|little, small
|-
|lots
|sea pilot
|-
|lucka
|gap (missing records)
|-
|lunginflammation
|pneumonia
|-
|lungsot
|consumption, tuberculosis
|-
|luteran, lutersk
|Lutheran
|-
|lysning
|banns
|-
|lysningslängd
|banns register
|-
|lyst
|posted banns
|-
|låg
|low
|-
|lägenhets
|apartment
|-
|lägersmål
|illicit relations
|-
|lägrad kvinna
|woman who has had illicit relations
|-
|lägre
|lower
|-
|läkare
|doctor
|-
|län
|county
|-
|längd
|roll, record, book
|-
|länsman
|sheriff
|-
|lärare
|teacher
|-
|lärling
|apprentice
|-
|lönskaläge
|illicit relations between unmarried persons
|-
|löpande
|current
|-
|lördag
|Saturday
|-
|lösdrivare
|vagrant
|-
|magref
|colic
|-
|magsjukdom
|stomach disease
|-
|magvärk
|stomachache
|-
|magskärv
|painful stomach disease
|-
|maj
|May
|-
|majestät
|royal majesty (as in Kunglig Majestät)
|-
|majestätsbrott
|treason
|-
|maka
|spouse, mate, husband, or wife
|-
|makarnas gemensamma barn
|child(ren) a couple had together
|-
|make
|spouse, mate, husband, or wife
|-
|mamsell
|Miss
|-
|man, mankjön
|man, male, husband
|-
|mantal
|assessed unit of land
|-
|mantalskriven
|registered for tax/census purposes
|-
|mantalslängd
|tax/census record
|-
|marasmus
|malnutrition
|-
|marknad
|market, fair
|-
|mars
|March
|-
|maskslag
|fainting
|-
|maskinist
|machinist, engineer
|-
|massel
|small rash, similar to measles
|-
|matros
|sailor, seaman
|-
|med
|with
|-
|medborgare
|citizen
|-
|medlem
|member
|-
|mellan
|between
|-
|men
|but
|-
|middag
|noon
|-
|midnatt
|midnight
|-
|militär
|military
|-
|minderårig
|underage
|-
|mindre
|lesser, smaller
|-
|ministerialbok
|parish register
|-
|minut
|minute
|-
|mjölnare
|miller
|-
|moder, mor
|mother
|-
|moderpassion
|hysteric fits
|-
|morbror
|maternal uncle
|-
|morfar
|maternal grandfather
|-
|morgon
|morning
|-
|morgongåva
|morning gift, dowry
|-
|mormor
|maternal grandmother
|-
|mosaisk
|Jewish
|-
|moster
|maternal aunt
|-
|mot
|against, toward
|-
|murare
|mason
|-
|mycket
|very, much
|-
|myndig
|of legal age
|-
|myndling
|pupil or ward
|-
|måg
|son-in-law
|-
|målsman
|guardian
|-
|månad
|month
|-
|måndag
|Monday
|-
|mässling
|measles
|-
|mästare
|master
|-
|mördad
|murdered
|-
|mördare
|murderer
|-
|namn
|name
|-
|nationalitet
|nationality
|-
|natt
|night
|-
|nattvard
|communion
|-
|nedan(för)
|below
|-
|nedkomst
|birth
|-
|nedre
|lower
|-
|nervfeber
|typhoid fever
|-
|nervslag
|sudden paralysis
|-
|nio(nde)
|nine (ninth)
|-
|nittio(nde)
|ninety (nintieth)
|-
|nitton(de)
|nineteen (nineteenth)
|-
|njurpassion
|kidney stone disease
|-
|noll
|zero
|-
|nord
|north
|-
|Norge
|Norway
|-
|norr(a)
|north, northern
|-
|norsk
|Norwegian
|-
|november
|November
|-
|nu
|now
|-
|nummer
|number
|-
|ny (a)
|new
|-
|nya boken (N.B.)
|new book, next clerical survey
|-
|nybyggare
|settler
|-
|nyfödd
|newborn
|-
|nytt
|new
|-
|någon
|someone, anyone
|-
|något
|something, somewhat
|-
|nämdeman
|juryman
|-
|när
|when
|-
|nära
|near
|-
|näringsfång
|source of livelihood, business, industry
|-
|närvarande
|present
|-
|närvaro
|presence
|-
|nöddop
|emergency baptism
|-
|oangiven
|not given
|-
|obefintliga
|persons whose residence is not known
|-
|och
|and
|-
|också
|also
|-
|odaterad
|not dated
|-
|odöpt
|not christened
|-
|ofta
|often
|-
|ofärdig
|lame, crippled
|-
|ogift
|unmarried
|-
|oktober
|October
|-
|okänd
|unknown
|-
|olycka
|accident, misfortune
|-
|om
|if, about
|-
|omkommen
|died accidentally, drowned
|-
|omkring
|about
|-
|omvändelse
|conversion
|-
|omyndig
|minor
|-
|onsdag
|Wednesday
|-
|ondslag
|syphilis
|-
|ordbok
|dictionary
|-
|ormbett
|bitten by a snake
|-
|orsak
|cause, reason
|-
|ort
|place
|-
|ortförteckning
|locality list, gazetteer
|-
|ortodox
|(Eastern) Orthodox
|-
|otidigt sängelag
|fornication betweeen a couple who intends to marry (who are not engaged)
|-
|ovan, ovanför
|above
|-
|oxel
|tumour
|-
|oäkta
|illegitimate (child)
|-
|passion
|suffering
|-
|pastor
|parish minister
|-
|pastorat
|parish
|-
|pastorsexpedition
|parish office
|-
|personernas
|the person\'s
|-
|pest
|plague
|-
|piga
|maid, maiden, servant girl
|-
|pilt(ebarn)
|boy, male child
|-
|pingst
|Pentecost, Whitsunday
|-
|pliktad
|fined
|-
|plåga
|pain
|-
|podager
|gout
|-
|pojke
|boy
|-
|postaddress
|mailing address
|-
|profoss
|flogmaster (military)
|-
|prost
|dean
|-
|prosteri
|deanery
|-
|präst
|minister
|-
|prästgård
|parsonage
|-
|på
|on, upon, at (some place), in (about time)
|-
|påsk
|Easter
|-
|påssjuka
|mumps
|-
|regemente
|regiment
|-
|register
|register, index
|-
|repslagare
|rope maker
|-
|Riddarhuset
|house of nobility
|-
|rike
|state, realm
|-
|riksarkiv
|national archives, state archives
|-
|rote
|district within a parish
|-
|rotehjon
|person supported by a parish district
|-
|rotesoldat
|soldier for a district in a parish
|-
|rulla
|record, roll
|-
|rusthåll
|farm equipping a (cavalry) soldier
|-
|rusthållare
|owner of a farm equipping a cavalry soldier
|-
|rymt, rymd
|runaway
|-
|rysk, ryss
|Russian
|-
|Ryssland
|Russia
|-
|ryttare
|cavalryman
|-
|rådhusrätt
|city court
|-
|rådman
|councilman
|-
|rådstu(gu)rätt
|city court
|-
|räkenskapslängd
|records of accounts
|-
|rätt
|court, right, correct
|-
|rättare
|farm foreman
|-
|rödsot
|dysentery
|-
|röta
|gangrene
|-
|rötfeber
|gangrene, typhus fever, putrid fever
|-
|sakna(s)
|miss, missing
|-
|salig
|the deceased, blessed
|-
|samhälle
|community
|-
|samma
|(the) same
|-
|sammanavla
|beget, conceive
|-
|sammanviga
|marry
|-
|samma städes
|(of) the same place
|-
|samt
|and, together with
|-
|samtycke
|permission, consent (to)
|-
|sangliggande
|bedridden
|-
|scharlakansfeber
|scarlet fever
|-
|sedan
|since
|-
|sekel
|century
|-
|senare, (den)
|later, the latter
|-
|sent
|late
|-
|september
|September
|-
|sex
|six
|-
|sexman
|parish caretaker
|-
|sextio(nde)
|sixty (sixtieth)
|-
|sexton(de)
|sixteen (sixteenth)
|-
|sida
|page
|-
|sig
|himself, herself, itself
|-
|sin, sitt, sina
|his, her, its (own)
|-
|sinnesrubbad
|deranged
|-
|sinnessjuk
|insane
|-
|sinnessvag
|feebleminded
|-
|sjelfspillan
|one who committed suicide (old spelling)
|-
|sju
|seven
|-
|sjuk
|sick
|-
|sjukdom
|sickness
|-
|sjuklig
|sickly
|-
|sjunde
|seventh
|-
|sjuttio(nde)
|seventy (seventieth)
|-
|sjutton(de)
|seventeen (seventeenth)
|-
|självmord
|suicide
|-
|sjätte
|sixth
|-
|sjö
|lake
|-
|sjöman
|sailor, seaman
|-
|skarprättare
|executioner, hangman
|-
|skarpskytt
|sharpshooter
|-
|skatt
|tax
|-
|skattehemman
|farm on which taxes are to be paid to the crown (government)
|-
|skeppare
|skipper
|-
|skerfva
|rickets or malnutrition
|-
|skilsmässa
|divorce
|-
|skog
|forest
|-
|skogvaktare
|forester
|-
|skola
|school
|-
|skollärare
|schoolteacher
|-
|skomakare
|shoemaker
|-
|skorstensfejare
|chimney-sweep
|-
|skottår
|leap year
|-
|skrud
|gown (bridal)
|-
|skräddare
|tailor
|-
|skörbjugg
|scurvy
|-
|slag(anfall)
|stroke
|-
|slagen af åskan
|hit by lightning
|-
|slagsmål
|fight
|-
|slaktare
|meat cutter, butcher
|-
|slot
|castle
|-
|slut
|end
|-
|släkt
|family, clan
|-
|släktbok
|lineage book
|-
|släktforskning
|genealogy
|-
|släkting
|relative
|-
|släktled
|generation
|-
|smed
|blacksmith
|-
|smittkoppor
|smallpox
|-
|smärta
|pain
|-
|små (plural)
|little, small
|-
|snatteri
|pilfering
|-
|snickare
|carpenter
|-
|socken
|parish
|-
|soldat
|soldier
|-
|som
|who, which, that
|-
|sommar
|summer
|-
|son
|son
|-
|sondotter
|son\'s daughter, granddaughter
|-
|sonhustru
|son\'s wife, daughter-in-law
|-
|sonson
|son\'s son, grandson
|-
|sotdöd
|old age
|-
|sotsäng
|sickbed
|-
|spannmålstorpare
|tenant farmer, receiving part of his wages in grain
|-
|spinnare
|spinner
|-
|spridda år
|intermittent years
|-
|späd
|infant
|-
|stad
|city
|-
|stadsarkiv
|city archives
|-
|stadsförsamling
|city parish
|-
|stalldrängen
|stable boy/man
|-
|stamfader
|progenitor
|-
|stamtavla
|descendancy chart
|-
|statare, statdräng
|farm laborer
|-
|stattorpare
|farm laborer, usually married
|-
|stenhuggare
|stonecutter
|-
|stenpassion
|gallbladder disease
|-
|sterbhus
|a family or house where the master or mistress of the house is dead
|-
|stiefson
|stepson
|-
|stifson
|stepson
|-
|stift
|diocese
|-
|stoft
|mortal remains, or ashes
|-
|stor, stort, stora
|large, big, great
|-
|straff
|punishment
|-
|straffarbete
|hard labor
|-
|strax
|right away, immediately
|-
|strypsjuka
|diptheria
|-
|studerande
|student
|-
|stuga
|cottage, house
|-
|stum
|dumb, mute
|-
|stupa
|to be killed in war
|-
|styrman
|mate, on ship
|-
|styv-
|step-
|-
|styvson
|stepson
|-
|stånd
|status, condition
|-
|ståndsperson
|person of social standing
|-
|ställe
|place
|-
|stärbhus
|death estate
|-
|stöld
|theft
|-
|summa
|total
|-
|svaghet
|weakness, feebleness
|-
|svagsint
|feebleminded
|-
|sven
|young man, apprentice
|-
|svensk
|Swedish
|-
|Sverige
|Sweden
|-
|svullnad
|swelling, bloating
|-
|svulst
|tumor
|-
|svåger
|brother-in-law
|-
|svägerska
|sister-in-law
|-
|svärfar
|father-in-law
|-
|svärmor
|mother-in-law
|-
|svärson
|son-in-law
|-
|syd
|south
|-
|syskon
|siblings
|-
|syskonbarn
|nephew(s), niece(s), cousin(s)
|-
|syssling
|second cousin, tremänning
|-
|syster
|sister
|-
|systerdotter
|niece, sister\'s daughter
|-
|systerson
|nephew, sister\'s son
|-
|syting
|person receiving support after giving his estate to another
|-
|såg
|saw, sawmill
|-
|sågställare
|saw setter
|-
|sängliggande
|bed-ridden
|-
|särskilda
|special
|-
|säteri
|freehold estate
|-
|söder (södra)
|south (southern)
|-
|söndag
|Sunday
|-
|testamente
|will
|-
|tid
|time
|-
|tidskrift
|periodical
|-
|tiggare
|beggar
|-
|till
|to
|-
|tillsammans
|together
|-
|tillstånd
|dispensation, permission
|-
|timma
|hour
|-
|timmerman
|carpenter, builder
|-
|ting
|court
|-
|tingslag
|judicial district, assize division
|-
|tio(nde)
|ten (tenth)
|-
|tionde
|tenth, tithing
|-
|tiondebok
|tithing record
|-
|tisdag
|Tuesday
|-
|titel
|title/occupation
|-
|tjugo
|twenty
|-
|tjugoandra
|twenty-second
|-
|tjugoen, tjugoett
|twenty-one
|-
|tjugofem(te)
|twenty-five (twenty-fifth)
|-
|tjugofjärde
|twenty-fourth
|-
|tjugofyra
|twenty-four
|-
|tjugoförsta
|twenty-first
|-
|tjugonde
|twentieth
|-
|tjugonio (nde)
|twenty-nine (twenty-ninth)
|-
|tjugosex
|twenty-six
|-
|tjugosju(nde)
|twenty-seven (twenty-seventh)
|-
|tjugosjätte
|twenty-sixth
|-
|tjugotre
|twenty-three
|-
|tjugotredje
|twenty-third
|-
|tjugotvå
|twenty-two
|-
|tjugoåtta
|twenty-eight
|-
|tjugoåttonde
|twenty-eighth
|-
|tjuv
|thief
|-
|tjänar
|serves
|-
|tjänare
|servant
|-
|tjänst
|service, employment
|-
|tolfte
|twelfth
|-
|tolv
|twelve
|-
|torpare
|crofter, cottager
|-
|torsdag
|Thursday
|-
|tre (tredje)
|three (third)
|-
|tremänning
|second cousin
|-
|trettio
|thirty
|-
|trettioen, trettioett
|thirty-one
|-
|trettioförsta
|thirty-first
|-
|trettionde
|thirtieth
|-
|tretton(de)
|thirteen (thirteenth)
|-
|trillingar
|triplets
|-
|trolovade
|betrothed, engaged
|-
|trosbekännelse
|declaration of faith (religion)
|-
|trumslagare
|drummer
|-
|trädgårdsmästare
|gardener
|-
|tuberkulos
|tuberculosis
|-
|tumör
|tumor
|-
|tunnbindare
|barrelmaker
|-
|tvillingar
|twins
|-
|tvinsot
|withering from multiple causes
|-
|två
|two
|-
|två hundra(de)
|two hundred (two-hundredth)
|-
|tyfus
|typhoid
|-
|tysk
|German
|-
|Tyskland
|Germany
|-
|tärande sjukdom
|pneumonia, consumption
|-
|undantag
|support after giving up an estate
|-
|undantagsman kvinna
|person receiving support after giving his estate to another
|-
|under
|under
|-
|underskrift
|signature
|-
|undertecknad
|the undersigned
|-
|ung
|young
|-
|ungkarl
|bachelor
|-
|uppgavs
|stated, given, declared
|-
|uppgiftsnummer
|information number
|-
|ut
|out
|-
|utan
|without
|-
|utanför
|outside
|-
|utdrag
|extract
|-
|utesluten
|excommunicated
|-
|utflyttning
|moving out
|-
|utflyttningsbetyg
|moving out certificates
|-
|utflyttningslängd
|moving out register
|-
|utländsk
|foreign
|-
|utsot
|diarrhea
|-
|utvandrare
|emigrant
|-
|utvandring
|emigration
|-
|vad
|what
|-
|vagnmakare
|cartwright
|-
|vaktmästare
|caretaker
|-
|vallon
|Walloon, for more see: [[Vallons in Sweden|Vallons in Sweden]]
|-
|vandel
|conduct, habits, way of life
|-
|vapen
|coat of arms, weapon
|-
|var
|each, everyone
|-
|var
|was, where
|-
|vara
|to be
|-
|varför
|why
|-
|vattenkoppor
|chicken pox
|-
|vattusot, vattensot
|edema, dropsy
|-
|vecka
|week
|-
|vem
|who
|-
|venerisk sjukdom
|venereal disease
|-
|verk
|factory, mill
|-
|vid
|at, on, close to, by
|-
|vigd, vigda, vigde
|married
|-
|vigsel
|marriage ceremony
|-
|vigselbok
|marriage book
|-
|vigsellängd
|marriage record
|-
|vilja
|to want, will
|-
|vilken, vilket, vilka
|who, which, that
|-
|vinter
|winter
|-
|vittne
|witness
|-
|volym
|volume
|-
|våda
|accident
|-
|vådeligen
|violently (usually an accidental death)
|-
|vår
|our, spring
|-
|välboren
|of noble birth
|-
|välfrejdad (abbrev. v.fr.)
|of good reputation
|-
|vänster
|left
|-
|värk
|ache, dull pain
|-
|värnplikt
|military service
|-
|väster (västra)
|west (western)
|-
|vävare
|weaver
|-
|yngling
|young man, boy
|-
|yrke
|profession, occupation
|-
|å
|at, on, to
|-
|å
|river
|-
|åbo
|tenant farmer with conditional, inherited lease
|-
|åkomma
|ailment
|-
|ålder
|age
|-
|ålderdom
|old age
|-
|ålderdomskrämpor
|old age ailments
|-
|åldersdomssvaghet
|old age weakness or feebleness
|-
|år
|year
|-
|århundrade
|century
|-
|årlig
|annual, yearly
|-
|årtionde
|decade
|-
|åt
|to
|-
|återvänd
|returned
|-
|åtta
|eight
|-
|åttio(nde)
|eighty (eightieth)
|-
|åttonde
|eighth
|-
|äga
|own
|-
|ägare
|owner
|-
|ägor
|land, property
|-
|äkta
|legitimate
|-
|äktenskap
|marriage
|-
|äldre
|older, elder
|-
|äldste
|oldest, eldest, elder
|-
|ämbete
|office
|-
|änka
|widow
|-
|änkeman, änkling
|widower
|-
|ännu
|yet, still
|-
|är
|are, is, am
|-
|ärlig
|honest
|-
|ätt
|family
|-
|ö
|island
|-
|öde
|vacant, fate
|-
|öga
|eye
|-
|öra
|ear
|-
|öster (östra)
|east (eastern)
|-
|över
|over
|-
|överlevande
|survivor(s)
|-
|övre
|upper
|}<ref>FamilySearch. <u>Genealogical Word List, Swedish</u>. Family History Department, Salt Lake City, 1997</ref><ref>Björkman, C. G. <u>Svensk - Engelskt Ordbok.</u> P. A. Norstedt &amp; Söner, Stockholm 1889</ref>


<br>
=== Language Characteristics  ===


==Language Characteristics==
==== Variant Forms of Words  ====


Swedish is spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland. The Swedish language was used in official records of Finland until the end of the 1800s.
In Swedish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who—whose—whom'' or ''marry—marries— married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list. Also, vowels sometimes have diacritical marks in different forms of the same word. Note the following examples:


====Variant Forms of Words====
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="50%" align="center" border="0"
 
In Swedish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who—whose—whom'' or ''marry—marries— married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list. Also, vowels sometimes have diacritical marks indicating a variant spelling of a Swedish word (for example the conjugation of a verb.) Note the following examples:
 
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" width="50%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" align="center"
|-
|-
|
| ''man <br>mannen <br>män <br>männen''  
''man <br>mannen <br>män <br>männen''
| man <br>the man <br>men <br>the men  
 
| ''yrke <br>yrket <br>yrken <br>yrkena''  
|man <br>the man <br>men <br>the men
| profession <br>the profession <br>professions <br>the professions
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|
''yrke <br>yrket <br>yrken <br>yrkena''
 
|profession <br>the profession <br>professions <br>the professions
|}
|}


====Alphabetical Order====
==== Alphabetical Order ====


Swedish has three additional letters not found in the English alphabet: '''''Å (å), Ä (ä),''''' and '''''Ö (ö)'''''. Alphabetically, these letters come after '''Z'''. The letter Å (å) was always used in Swedish as a letter of its own (unlike the Aa in Danish and Norwegian). Before 2006 the letter '''W''' was considered a variation of '''V''' and not a letter. Swedish dictionaries, indexes, the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog Place Search] of the [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch Catalog]], and this word list use the following alphabetical order (after 2006):  
Written Swedish has three letters not found in English: '''''Å (å), Ä (ä),''''' and '''''Ö (ö)'''''. Alphabetically, these letters come after '''''z'''''. Swedish dictionaries, indexes, the&nbsp;[[Family History Library Catalog Place Search|Place Search]] of the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]], and this word list use the following alphabetical order:  


A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, Å, Ä, Ö
:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z å ä ö


====Spelling====
==== Spelling ====


Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common.
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common:


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="35%" align="center" border="0"
|-
|-
|
| align="right" | '''''ä <br>i <br>j <br>k <br>t <br>v <br>tj <br>sk <br>s'''''
b used for p<br> c used for k <br> ch used for k<br> d used for t<br> e used for ä <br> f used for v <br> g used for k<br> i used for j <br> j used for g, gj, hj, lj, dj <br> k used for ck, ch,g, gg, c <br> o for å <br>
|
 
| align="center" | used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for <br>used for
|<br>
|  
|<br>
| '''''e <br>j <br>g, gj, hj, lj, dj <br>ck, ch, g, gg, c, q <br>d, th, tt <br>hv, fv, ffv, f, w <br>k, kj, ch <br>skj, sch, sj, stj<br>ss, c, z'''''
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|
q used for k <br> s used for skj, sch, sj, stj, ss, c, z<br> sk used for k, kj, ch <br> t used for q<br> tj used for ki <br> u used for v <br> v seen as hv <br> w used for v<br> x used for ks<br> z used for s <br>å used for o <br> ä used for e <br>
 
|}
|}


Examples:  
Examples:  


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="35%" align="center" border="0"
|-
|-
|
| align="right" | ''änka <br>mjölnare <br>kärr''
kvinna seen as qvinna<br> kärr seen as tjärr<br> mjölnare seen as miölnare<br>
| align="center" | spelled as <br>spelled as <br>spelled as
 
| ''enka <br>miölnare<br>tjärr''
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|<br>
|
skov seen as schov<br> vilken seen as hvilken <br> änka seen as enka <br>
 
|}
|}


==Key Words==
=== Additional Resources  ===


To find and use specific types of Swedish records, you will need to know some key words in Swedish. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Swedish words with the same or similar meanings.  
This word list includes only words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Swedish-English dictionary. Several Swedish-English dictionaries are available at the [[Family History Library|Family History Library]]. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.7321.  


For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Swedish words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,''and other words used in Swedish records to indicate marriage.
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in [[Finding_a_Family_History_Center|Family History Centers]]:


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" width="80%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
*Ernolv, Carl. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23578493&referer=brief_results Svensk-Engelsk Ordbok [Swedish-English Dictionary]]''. Stockholm: Svenska Bokförlaget Norstedts, 1947. ([http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=16042&disp=Svensk-engelsk+ordbok%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL film 1,124,531 item 12]).
|-
*Björkman, C.G. ''Svensk-Englesk Ordbok [Swedish- English Dictionary]''. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt, 1889. ([http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=549532&disp=Svensk-Engelsk+ordbok%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL film 1,224,734]). Swedish spelling was reformed in 1906. Since this dictionary was written in 1889, it shows words as they were spelled before 1906.
|
English <br>banns <br>birth <br>burial <br>child <br>christening <br>clerical survey <br>confirmation <br>death <br>father <br>female <br>household, examination roll <br>husband <br>index <br>male <br>marriage


military <br>mother <br>moving in <br>moving out <br>name, given <br>name, surname <br>parents <br>parish <br>probate <br>wife <br>year
Additional dictionaries are listed in the [[Family_History_Library_Catalog_Subject_Search|Subject&nbsp;Search]] of the [[Introduction_to_the_Family_History_Library_Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]] under [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=subjectdetails&subject=318796&subject_disp=Swedish+language+-+Dictionaries&columns=*,0,0 SWEDISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES] or in the&nbsp;[[Family_History_Library_Catalog_Place_Search|Place Search]]&nbsp;under [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=topicdetails&subject=346068&subject_disp=Sweden+-+Language+and+languages+-+Dictionaries&columns=*,0,0 SWEDEN - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES - DICTIONARIES].


|
=== <br>KEY WORDS  ===
Swedish <br>lysning <br>födda, födde, född, födelse <br>begravning <br>barn <br>döpta, döpte, döpt, döpelse, dop <br>husförhörslängd <br>konfirmation <br>döda, döde, död, avliden, avsomna <br>far, fader <br>kvinnkön, kvinna <br>husförhörslängd, förhör <br>  


man, make <br>register <br>mankön, man <br>vigda, vigde, vigd, vigsel, gift, gifte, giftermål, bröllop, brudfolk <br>militär, soldat <br>mor, moder <br>inflyttning <br>utflyttning <br>förnamn <br>efternamn <br>föräldrar <br>socken, församling, kommun <br>boupptekning <br>hustru, maka <br>år
To find and use specific types of Swedish records, you will need to know some key words in Swedish. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Swedish words with the same or similar meanings.  
 
|}
==Numbers==
Translations for numbers are found on the [[English to Swedish Numbers in Word Form|English to Swedish Numbers in Word Form]] Wiki page.
 
==Additional Resources==
 
This word list includes only words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Swedish-English dictionary. Several Swedish-English dictionaries are available at the [https://www.familysearch.org/en/library/ FamilySearch Library]. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.7321.  
 
The following dictionaries are also available:


*Widegren, Gustaf, Svenskt och engelskt lexicon, efter kongl. Secreteraren Sahlstedts Svenska ordbok, Stockholm 1788, available through [http://swedishgenealogyguide.com/dictionaries/1788-swedish-english-dictionary 1788 Swedish English Dictionary]
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Swedish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,and other words used in Swedish records to indicate marriage.  
*Wahrman, Sven Niclas. Svenskt och Tyskt - Franskt - Engelskt Hand-lexicon, Örebro 1814, available through the [http://swedishgenealogyguide.com/dictionaries/swedish-historical-dictionary-database-shdd Swedish Historical Dictionary Database, SHDD]
*Ernolv, Carl. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23578493&referer=brief_results Svensk-Engelsk Ordbok [Swedish-English Dictionary]]''. Stockholm: Svenska Bokförlaget Norstedts, 1947. ({{FSC|16042|title-id|disp=FS Library film 1,124,531 item 12}}).
*Björkman, C.G. ''Svensk-Englesk Ordbok [Swedish- English Dictionary]''. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt, 1889. ({{FSC|549532|title-id|disp=FS Library film 1,224,734}}). Swedish spelling was reformed in 1906. Since this dictionary was written in 1889, it shows words as they were spelled before 1906.
*For death records: See a list of causes of death in the [http://www.ddss.nu/statistics/deathInfo Demographic Database of Southern Sweden (DDSS)].
*For various online Swedish-related dictionaries, see [http://runeberg.org/tema/dict.html Projekt Runeberg].


Additional dictionaries are listed in the [[FamilySearch Catalog Subject Search|Subject Search]] of the [[Introduction to the FamilySearch Catalog|FamilySearch Catalog]] under {{FSC|Swedish language - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=1615546102|disp=SWEDISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES}} or in the [[FamilySearch Catalog Place Search|Place Search]] under {{FSC|Sweden - Language and languages - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=393683350|disp=SWEDEN - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES - DICTIONARIES}}.
    English Swedish
    banns lysning
    birth födda, födde, född, födelse
    burial begravning
    child barn
    christening döpta, döpte, döpt, döpelse, dop
    clerical survey husförhörslängd
    confirmation konfirmation
    death döda, döde, död, avliden, avsomna
    father far, fader
    female kvinnkjön, kvinna
    household, examination roll husförhörslängd, förhör
    husband man, make
    index register
    male mankjön, man
    marriage vigda, vigde, vigd, vigsel, gift, gifte, giftermål, bröllop, brudfolk
    military militär, soldat
    mother mor, moder
    moving in inflyttning
    moving out utflyttning
    name, given förnamn
    name, surname efternamn
    parents föräldrar
    parish socken, församling, kommun
    probate boupptekning
    wife hustru, maka
    year år


[[Category:Word_List]]  
[[Category:Word_List]]
[[Category:Language_Tools_for_Swedish_Research]]
<references />

Revision as of 12:35, 23 August 2009

This list contains Swedish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Swedish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)

Swedish is a Germanic language, as are Norwegian, Danish, and Icelandic. Most differences between modern and old Swedish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the Spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list.

Swedish is spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland. The Swedish language was used in official records of Finland until the end of the 1800s.

Language Characteristics[edit | edit source]

Variant Forms of Words[edit | edit source]

In Swedish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries— married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list. Also, vowels sometimes have diacritical marks in different forms of the same word. Note the following examples:

man
mannen
män
männen 		man
the man
men
the men 		yrke
yrket
yrken
yrkena 		profession
the profession
professions
the professions

Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

Written Swedish has three letters not found in English: Å (å), Ä (ä), and Ö (ö). Alphabetically, these letters come after z. Swedish dictionaries, indexes, the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog, and this word list use the following alphabetical order:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z å ä ö

Spelling[edit | edit source]

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common:

ä
i
j
k
t
v
tj
sk
s 		used for
used for
used for
used for
used for
used for
used for
used for
used for 		e
j
g, gj, hj, lj, dj
ck, ch, g, gg, c, q
d, th, tt
hv, fv, ffv, f, w
k, kj, ch
skj, sch, sj, stj
ss, c, z

Examples:

änka
mjölnare
kärr 		spelled as
spelled as
spelled as 		enka
miölnare
tjärr

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Swedish-English dictionary. Several Swedish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.7321.

The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:

Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject Search of the Family History Library Catalog under SWEDISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the Place Search under SWEDEN - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES - DICTIONARIES.


KEY WORDS[edit | edit source]

To find and use specific types of Swedish records, you will need to know some key words in Swedish. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Swedish words with the same or similar meanings.

For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Swedish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,and other words used in Swedish records to indicate marriage. 

   English 	Swedish
   banns 	lysning
   birth 	födda, födde, född, födelse
   burial 	begravning
   child 	barn
   christening 	döpta, döpte, döpt, döpelse, dop
   clerical survey 	husförhörslängd
   confirmation 	konfirmation
   death 	döda, döde, död, avliden, avsomna
   father 	far, fader
   female 	kvinnkjön, kvinna
   household, examination roll 	husförhörslängd, förhör
   husband 	man, make
   index 	register
   male 	mankjön, man
   marriage 	vigda, vigde, vigd, vigsel, gift, gifte, giftermål, bröllop, brudfolk
   military 	militär, soldat
   mother 	mor, moder
   moving in 	inflyttning
   moving out 	utflyttning
   name, given 	förnamn
   name, surname 	efternamn
   parents 	föräldrar
   parish 	socken, församling, kommun
   probate 	boupptekning
   wife 	hustru, maka
   year 	år
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