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| {{CountrySidebar | | {{Panama-stub}}''[[Panama Genealogy|Panama]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Panama Language and Languages|Language and Languages]]'' |
| |Country=Panama
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| |Name=Panama
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| |Type=Topic
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| |Topic Type=Background
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| |Background=Languages
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| |Rating=Standardized
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| }}{{breadcrumb | |
| | link1=[[Panama Genealogy|Panama]]
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| | link5=[[Panama Languages|Languages]]
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| ==Description==
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| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language '''Spanish'''] is the official and dominant language in Panama although many languages, including seven indigenous languages, are spoken. The local variant is [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamanian_Spanish '''Panamanian Spanish''']. English is often spoken by many professionals and those working in the business or governmental areas of society.
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| Indigenous languages include [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaym%C3%AD_language '''Guaymí'''], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuna_language '''Kuna'''], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Embera_language '''Northern Embera'''], also known as West Embera and Cholo, and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teribe_language '''Teribe''']. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocas_del_Toro_Creole '''Bocas del Toro Creole'''] is a dialect of Jamaican Patois, an English-based creole, spoken in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama.
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| <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Demographics of Panama," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Panama#Languages, accessed 1 May 2023.</ref><ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Bocas del Toro Creole," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocas_del_Toro_Creole, accessed 1 May 2023.</ref>
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| ==Word List(s)==
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| '''Spanish'''
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| *[[Spanish Genealogical Word List]]
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| *[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/spanish.php Useful Spanish phrases (Omniglot)]
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| '''Panamanian Spanish'''
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamanian_Spanish#Vocabulary Panamanian Spanish Vocabulary (Wikipedia)]
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| *[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Glossary_of_Panamanian_Spanish Appendix:Glossary of Panamanian Spanish (Wiktionary)]
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| '''Guaymí'''
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaym%C3%AD_language#Useful_phrases Guaymí Useful phrases (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Kuna'''
| | {{Place|Panama}} |
| *[https://www.middle-coast-publishing.com/Basic-Kuna-Dictionary.htm Basic Kuna Dictionary, Words, Phrases]
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| '''Northern Embera'''
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Embera_language#Example_of_Words Northern Embera Example of Words (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Teribe'''
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| '''Bocas del Toro Creole'''
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| ==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
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| '''Spanish'''
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| *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
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| *[https://forvo.com/search/Spanish/ Spanish Pronunciation Dictionary (Forvo)]
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_grammar Spanish grammar (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Panamanian Spanish'''
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamanian_Spanish#Phonology Panamanian Spanish Phonology (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Guaymí'''
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| *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/guaymi.htm Guaymí Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaym%C3%AD_language#Writing_system_and_pronunciation Guaymí Writing system and pronunciation (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Kuna'''
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| *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kuna.htm Kuna Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuna_language#Phonemes Kuna Alphabet and Pronunciation (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Northern Embera''' (also known as West Embera and Cholo)
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Embera_language#Phonology Northern Embera Phonology (Wikipedia)]
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Embera_language#Grammar Northern Embera grammar (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Teribe'''
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| *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/teribe.htm Teribe Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
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| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teribe_language#Writing_system Teribe Writing system (Wikipedia)]
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| '''Bocas del Toro Creole'''
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| ==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
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| '''Spanish'''
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| *[[Spanish Letter Writing Guide]]
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| *[[Spanish Handwriting Clarified]]
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| *[https://www.duolingo.com/course/es/en/Learn-Spanish Learn Spanish (duolingo)]
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| *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/spanish_dictionary.htm Spanish dictionary (Lexilogos)]
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| *[https://glosbe.com/en/es English to Spanish Dictionary (Glosbe)]
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| *[https://script.byu.edu/spanish-handwriting/introduction The Spanish Script Tutorial (byu.ed)]
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| '''Panamanian Spanish'''
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| *[https://www.fluentu.com/blog/spanish/panamanian-spanish/ Panamanian Spanish 101: English-isms and Basic Panamanian Phrases (fluentu)]
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| '''Guaymí'''
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| '''Kuna'''
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| *[https://glosbe.com/en/cuk English to San Blas Kuna Dictionary (Glosbe)]
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| '''Northern Embera'''
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| *[https://glosbe.com/en/emp English to Northern Emberá Dictionary (Glosbe)]
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| '''Teribe'''
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| *[https://glosbe.com/en/tfr English to Teribe Dictionary (Glosbe)]
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| '''Bocas del Toro Creole'''
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| ==Additional Resources==
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| * Perilla, Jisel. ''Frommer's Panama.'' Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Pub., 2009. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/430491792 WorldCat].
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| ==References==
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| [[es:idiomas de Panamá]]
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| [[Category:Panama|Language]] | | [[Category:Panama|Language]] |
Language and Languages