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The ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785 Land Ordinance of 1785] '' established the Public Land Survey System. Land was systematically surveyed into square "Congressional" townships, six miles (9.656 km) on a side. Each of these townships were sub-divided into thirty-six sections of one square mile (2.59 km²) or 640 acres. These sections could then be further subdivided for re-sale by settlers and land speculators.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785 Land Ordinance of 1785] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 25 November 2014).</ref> | The ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785 Land Ordinance of 1785] '' established the Public Land Survey System. Land was systematically surveyed into square "Congressional" townships, six miles (9.656 km) on a side. Each of these townships were sub-divided into thirty-six sections of one square mile (2.59 km²) or 640 acres. These sections could then be further subdivided for re-sale by settlers and land speculators.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785 Land Ordinance of 1785] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 25 November 2014).</ref> | ||
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==== Principal Meridians and Base Lines ==== | ==== Principal Meridians and Base Lines ==== | ||
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Numbered townships were laid out in tiers north and south of the baseline; numbered ranges were laid out east and west of the meridians. The intersecting lines of townships and ranges formed a checkerboard or grid of townships.<ref name="Hawkins" /> | Numbered townships were laid out in tiers north and south of the baseline; numbered ranges were laid out east and west of the meridians. The intersecting lines of townships and ranges formed a checkerboard or grid of townships.<ref name="Hawkins" /> | ||
[[Image:Congressional Township Rectangular Survey Grid.png|649px|Congressional Township Rectangular Survey Grid.png]] | [[Image:Congressional Township Rectangular Survey Grid.png|649px|Congressional Township Rectangular Survey Grid.png]] | ||
==== Numbered Sections ==== | ==== Numbered Sections ==== | ||