Denmark Probate Records: Difference between revisions

From FamilySearch Wiki
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
(185 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{CountrySidebar
''[[Denmark|Denmark]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Denmark_Probate_Records|Probate Records]]''
|Country=Denmark
|Name=Denmark
|Type=Topic
|Topic Type=Records
|Records=Probate Records
|Rating=Acceptable
}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[Denmark Genealogy|Denmark]]
| link2=
| link3=
| link4=
| link5=[[Denmark Probate Records|Probate Records]]
}} 


==Online Resources==
Probate records are court records that describe the distribution of a person's estate after death. Information in the records may include the death date, names of heirs and guardians, relationships, residences, an inventory of the estate, and names of witnesses.  
*'''1674-1851''' {{RecordSearch|2026233|Denmark, Probate Indexes, 1674-1851}} at FamilySearch — index & images
*'''1651-1895''' {{FSC|73126|title-id|disp=Uddrag af kirkebøger, skiftebøger og forskellige protokoller fra Rigsarkivet, Provinsarkivet, Bispearkivet, o.s.v., ca. 1651-1895 }}(*); Petersen, A., b. 1827 at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*'''1680-1720''' {{FSC|417814|title-id|disp=Skifteprotokoller, 1680-1720}}(*); Ryttergods (4. Jyske Regiment) at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*'''1687-1737''' {{FSC|417503|title-id|disp=Skifteprotokoller, 1687-1737}}(*); Rytterdistrikt (Koldinghus) at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*'''1800-1847''' {{FSC|538957|title-id|disp=Blanketregnskaber 1800-1847 }}(*); Kancelli at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*'''1800-1848''' {{FSC|505598|title-id|disp=Testamenter konfirmerede gennem overøvrigheden, 1800-1848 }}(*); Danske Kancelli at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*'''1802''' {{FSC|336896|title-id|disp=Testamente efter Frederick Christian Rosenkrantz, 1802 }}(*); Rosenkrantz, Frederick Christian at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*{{FSC|343248|title-id|disp=Index to the probate records of various Danish Cavalry land grants, including miscellaneous judicial districts and parishes }}(*) at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*{{FSC|59409|title-id|disp=The probate records of Denmark }}(*); Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Genealogical Department at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*{{FSC|735434|title-id|disp=Systematisk fremstilling af det danske skiftevæsen , et forsøg :}}(*); Hansen, Jens Olaus at FamilySearch Catalog - images
*[http://www.telusplanet.net/public/mtoll/denmark.htm Mary's Genealogy Treasures - Denmark]
*[http://www.faesterogskifter.dk/ Faester og Skifter - Copyhold and Probates] Danske Slægtsforskere Odense
*[http://aurelia-clemons.dk Aurelia-Clemons Genealogy Research] - [https://aurelia-clemons.dk/probate.htm Probate extractions] for many areas of Denmark - complete film done, not just those related to the website owner, any given surname, or area. This is also a guide to finding parishes within estate jurisdictions on Sjælland.
* [http://www.brejl.dk/skift.html Erik Brejls Hjemmeside] Probate extracts for some estates, hundreds, and larger cities in Jutland, as well as probates for members of the clergy for the whole country as well as most cities. In Danish.
* [https://www.sa.dk/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Gods_Stedregister.pdf Stedregister til Nørrejyske Godsarkiver] A guide to finding parishes within estate jurisdictions in Jutland (except Southern Jutland). In Danish.
* [http://www.krabsen.dk/godsskifte/container.php?funktion=gods_oversigt  Probate extractions] from the registers of estate jurisdictions in Vendsyssel (north of Limfjorden) 1707-1851. You can view all names listed in an estate, or search for a specific name. In Danish.
* [http://rigmornoergaard.tripod.com/ Probate extractions] from estate jurisdictions in Northern Jutland. In Danish.
* [http://navneregistre.dis-danmark.dk/faeste_skifte/skf_vis_form.php Search engine for probates in Denmark.] In Danish.
* [http://www.dodsattester.dk/ Death certificates in Denmark until 1940]
* [http://ao.salldata.dk/ Sall Data] Scanned probate records. Select '''Skifter''' from the drop-down list to begin searching.
* [https://arkivalielister.dis-danmark.dk/ao_alt_vis_navne.php?stil=2&navn=skifte&sort=s DIS-Arkivalielister] Probate records listed by registering authority. In Danish.


==Denmark Probate Records==
These records are very helpful for research because in many areas the authorities began recording probate actions before birth and death records.  
Probate records are court records that describe the distribution of a person's estate after death. Information in the records may include the death date, names of heirs and guardians, relationships, residences, an inventory of the estate, and names of witnesses. <br> <br>


These records are very helpful for research because they provide direct evidence of relationships. Often a single probate will list several individuals and their exact relationships to each other. <br> <br>
Probate records were not created for every person who died. The probate law of 1683 stated that probate was necessary if a parent died and left children that were not of age (age 25). Often an estate was probated even if the children were of age.  


Probate records were not created for every person who died. The probate law of 1683 stated that probate was necessary if a person died and left minor heirs, absent heirs, or no heirs. The definition of "minor heirs" was any male under the age of 25 or any female who has never married. <br>
Although probate records are one of the most accurate sources of genealogical information, the relationships noted in the records may not always have the same meaning today. For instance, a brother-in-law may be recorded as a brother, because legally that made no difference.  


{| border="1" align="right"
From the fourteenth century in Denmark, the ''foged'' (bailiff) was responsible for law enforcement in his bailiwick. Late in the sixteenth century the ''sorenskriver'' (scribe) in the bailiff's office was appointed to take care of probate cases and prepare the legal documents in connection with the probate. Later the title of ''sorenskriver'' took on the meaning of probate judge.
 
{| align="right" border="1"
|-
|-
! bgcolor="d6aed6" scope="col" | You Can Use this Record to Find...
! scope="col" bgcolor="d6aed6" | You Can Use this Record to Find...
|-
|-
| nowrap="nowrap" bgcolor="#f9ffa3" align="left" |  
| align="left" bgcolor="#f9ffa3" nowrap="nowrap" |  
*[[Denmark: Finding Birth Information|Birth Information]]  
*[[Denmark: Finding Birth Information|Birth Information]]  
*[[Denmark: Finding Marriage Information|Marriage Information]]  
*[[Denmark: Finding Marriage Information|Marriage Information]]  
*[[Denmark: Finding Death Information|Death Information]]
*[[Denmark: Finding Death Information|Death Information]]
|}
|}
=== Classes in the Learning Center ===
*[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/User:TannerBlairTolman Tanner Blair Tolman, AG®] presented a class in 2019 called ''Denmark Probate Records.'' It can be accessed by clicking  [https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/denmark-probate-records here.]


=== The Probate Process  ===
=== The Probate Process  ===


The probate process began when the authorities were notified of a death. Thirty days after notification, the authorities held a registration of the estate at the home of the deceased. If the deceased was a parent, the surviving spouse and all children still living at home were to be present. All heirs not living in the parish were allowed a certain time to present themselves to the court. The time allowed was based on how far they had to travel. If a widow was pregnant when her husband died, she had the right to keep possession until after the child's birth. All guardians had to be present when the estate was divided. <br> <br>
Before 1683, probate records were often part of the general court records. The probate process began when the authorities were notified of a death. Thirty days after notification, the authorities held a registration of the estate at the home of the deceased. If the deceased was a parent, the surviving spouse and all children still living at home were to be present. All heirs not living in the parish were allowed a certain time to present themselves to the court. The time allowed was based on how far they had to travel. If a widow was pregnant when her husband died, she had the right to keep possession until after the child's birth. All guardians had to be present when the estate was divided.  


The probate document was signed by all heirs or their guardians and by the probating authority. <br> <br>
The probate document was signed by all heirs or their guardians and by the probating authority.  


No widower or widow could remarry before the estate had been settled in probate. However, a surviving spouse could receive permission from the court to live in an unprobated estate (''uskiftet bo''). Under this provision, there could be no distribution of inheritance to the heirs unless the surviving spouse remarried, died, or requested a distribution. <br> <br>
No widower or widow could remarry before the estate had been settled in probate. However, a surviving spouse could receive permission from the court to live in an unprobated estate [uskiftet bo]. Under this provision, there could be no distribution of inheritance to the heirs unless the surviving spouse remarried, died, or requested a distribution.  


All legal heirs who could not manage their own affairs were to have a guardian appointed in their behalf. The law stated that the child's closest relatives were to be appointed guardian, the father's relatives first, then the mother's. If no relatives were available, then the court appointed a guardian. A widow could choose her own guardian subject to the court's approval. <br> <br>
All legal heirs who could not manage their own affairs were to have a guardian appointed in their behalf. The law stated that the child's closest relatives were to be appointed guardian, the father's relatives first, then the mother's. If no relatives were available, then the court appointed a guardian. A widow could choose her own guardian subject to the court's approval.  


Records of guardianship may be kept separately from other probate papers, or a different court may have jurisdiction over guardianship. <br> <br>
Records of guardianship may be kept separately from other probate papers, or a different court may have jurisdiction over guardianship.  


To view records examples of ''skifteprotokollerne ''(administrations of estates) with translations click [[Denmark record examples of Skifteprotokollerne|here]].
To view records examples of&nbsp;''skifteprotokollerne ''(administrations of estates) with translations click [[Denmark record examples of Skifteprotokollerne|here]].  


=== The Availability of Probate Records  ===
=== The Availability of Probate Records  ===


Although many Danish probates have survived and they are some of the best genealogical records for Danish research, finding a probate for your person of interest can be tricky. To find a probate for your person of interest, you must first know where he lived, what class of person he was, and, if he was a tenant farmer (or cottager), to which [[Danish Gods| estate]] he was bound. <br> <br>
Before the 1683 law, probate was held only when there were problems in dividing an estate. After 1683 the probate records are separate from the other court records and handled by the probate judge.  


*Probate records for clergy and schoolteachers were kept by the provsti (deanery) until about 1803-1814. After that time their probates were recorded by the local herred (the lowest court district). <br> <br>
Probate records for clergy, schoolteachers, and military officers were often kept separate from the regular probate jurisdiction. Church officials would conduct probate for a priest or a schoolteacher, and a commanding officer for a military officer.  


*Probate records for farmers and cottagers who leased their land from a local estate or institution were recorded by the estate to which they were bound until 1788-1817. After this time, their probates may also be recorded in the herred or they may still be recorded by the estate as some estates kept the right to probate with special consideration until 1850. <br> <br>
The Family History Library has an excellent collection of probate records from many areas of Denmark. These are listed in the catalog under DENMARK, COUNTY, PARISH - PROBATE RECORDS. Most records have separate name indexes in either the beginning or the end of the record. Also check the catalog under DENMARK, [COUNTY], [HERRED] - PROBATE RECORDS.  
[[Image:Crown Land Hotspot.jpg|thumb|right|350px]]
*Probate records for farmers and cottagers who leased their land from the crown were recorded by the local [[Danish Amtstue| amtstue]] (taxation district). The closer your ancestor's farm was to Copenhagen, the more likely it is that they lived on crown owned land. The includes maps show places where the crown owned all or most of the land. If your ancestor lived in one of those areas, you should especially consider the ''amtstue'' when searching for your ancestor's probate. The only exception is Bornholm which did not use the amtstue for probates. <br> <br>


*Probate records for freeholders (farmers and cottagers who owned their land outright) were recorded by the [[Danish Amt 1662 - 1793| amt (county)]] until about 1793 when the counties were reorganized (the word about is used because some of the counties actually reorganized later. Maribo county, for example, was not formed until 1803). After this time they were recorded by the herred. <br> <br>
=== Guardianship Records [''Overformynderiprotokoller''] ===


*Each city, besides Copenhagen, has its own local probate jurisdiction called the byret. <br> <br>
Guardianship records are a good supplement to the probate records. Their use is twofold. First, they replace missing probate records. Second, they provide information concerning a minor's later destiny.  


*Copenhagen had its own unique and complex system. Information on it is provided below at also on this page.
The guardianship record usually has the following information:


As probates are most likely to be used before 1814, and most Danes before that time were tenant farmers, you will probably spend most of your time searching the probate records of the various estates. <br> <br>
*Name of the ward or minor.  
 
*Sometimes age or birth date.  
The Family History Library has an excellent collection of probate records from many areas of Denmark. These are listed in the catalog under DENMARK, COUNTY, PARISH - PROBATE RECORDS. Most records have separate name indexes in either the beginning or the end of the record. Also check the catalog under DENMARK, [COUNTY], [HERRED] - PROBATE RECORDS. This will bring up most of the possible places a probate for your ancestor might be if he or she died in that parish, but it will not bring all of them up. Some estates either do not have surviving probates or their probates were not filmed by the GSU (now FamilySearch). Additionally, FamilySearch has most of the probates recorded by the [[Danish Amtstue| amtstue]], but they will not appear in this search. To find those you will need to identify the correct amtstue (which often has the same name as the amt) and then search for records created by that amtstue specifically in either FamilySearch or [https://www.sa.dk/da/ Daisy.] <br>
*Date on which the inheritance was paid to the court and the estate reference involved. (If the inheritance comes from one or several sources, each document is referred to with the amount.)  
 
*Name of guardian and residence.  
Some wonderful indexes have been prepared to these various records by the Land Archive for Sjælland and are found both at Landsarkivet and the Family History Library on microfiche, the most extensive index being for the Forseglingsprotokoller:
*Date on which the inheritance is paid to the ward or minor.
 
*Status of the ward at the time the inheritance is paid, indicating a place of residence if different from the original probate record.
*Forseglingsprotokoller 1720-1919 (FHL fiche 6030293-60401670).<br>
*Ordinære boer 1660-1771 (FHLfiche 6030251-6030255).<br>
*Konceptskrifter [draft probates] 1660-1771 (FHL fiche 6030238-6030250).<br>
*Behandlingsprotokoller 1715-1771 (FHL fiche 6030233-6030237).<br>
*Samfrændskifter [relative probates] 1771-1810 (FHL fiche 6030270-6030271).<br>
*Eksekutorboer [executor estate] 1790-1919 (FHL fiche 6030256-6030269).<br>
 
==== Copenhagen: 1670-1771  ====
There were 13 different probate courts in Copenhagen. See the article [[Copenhagen Probate Jurisdictions]] for details. The four largest were the following:
 
#'''Magistrats skiftekommission, 1681-1781''' - Magistrate's probate commission, also called Byretten {''city court''). These records are for the commoners of the city. Index on FHL film 0045256 and 0044771, records on films 0044772-0045255.
#'''Hofretten, 1679-1771''' - Castle Court. This court was for high civil officials. Index, FHL film 0044596; probates FHL films 0044597¬0044688.
#'''Borgretten, 1682-1771''' - Citizen Court. This court was for the lower civil officials and employees. General index FHL film 0044689 probate records FHL films 0044690-0044770.
#'''Underadmiralitetsretten, 1670-1779''' - Lower Admiralty Court. For naval non-commissioned officers (rank below captain). Records on FHL films 0048030¬0048113.
 
Other probate court records for this time period that have not been filmed include the following:
*Regimentasauditørerne (Military Court, for enlisted men in the army)
*Søetatens General Auditør (Military Court, for naval non-commissioned officers)
*Universitets Skiftejurisdiktion (University Court, for students, many no longer exist)
*Den Gejstlige Skiftejurisdiktion (Ecclesiastical Court, for clergy and related personnel, most no longer exist)
*Vajsenhusets Skiftejurisdiktion (Orphan-house Court, for personnel of the orphan house, records no longer exist)
*Frederiks Hospitals Skiftejurisdiktion (Hospital Court, for personnel of the hospital, records no longer exist)
*Det Asiatiske og det Vestindisk-Guineiske Kompagnis (The Asiatic and West Indies-Guineas Company, for employees in Copenhagen and the colonies)
*Jødernes Skiftejurisdiktion (Jewish Probate Jurisdiction, many Jews listed in the Magistratens Skiftekommision listed above).
 
==== Copenhagen: 1771-1861  ====


Most probate records in Copenhagen for this time period were handled by a single probate commission. For the period 1771-1803 they are listed under the '''Stadsretten''' (City Court; FHL films 0045257-0046190) and from 1804-1862 under the '''Landsretten''' (Land Court; FHL films 0046191¬0048027). These records are divided in two ways: by record type (see above under indexes) and then by classification.<br>
=== Language of Probates  ===


Within each record type there are nine groupings as to the classification of those for whom a probate was held (the catalog does not show which groups are on which film, so you may wish to consult the book, Register of Danish estate probates:Copenhagen county, 1701-1820; FHL book 948.911 P23c; film 0599138, item 3). <br> I. High civil officials and commissioned officers <br> II. Other civil officials, clerks, secretaries,book keepers, etc. <br> III.Clergy, professors, students, and workers at schools, hospitals, and the church<br> IV. Citizens of higher reputation and wealth <br> V. Artist, tradesmen, etc. <br> VI. Persons of no great means <br> VII. Servants <br> VIII. Enlisted men of the navy and merchant marines <br> IX. Enlisted men of the army. <br>
Like many other subjects, probates use certain words, phrases, and abbreviations. Unless these words are known, it can be difficult to decipher a probate record. Following is a list of common words, phrases, and abbreviations used in probate records.  


==== Copenhagen: 1861-1912  ====
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
 
The nine classifications from the earlier period were regrouped into six. Class III was grouped with Class II. Classes VII-IX were combined to a new Class III. These later records were listed under the title '''Den kongelige Lands-over- samt Hof og Stadsret i København''' (The royal provincial, as well as castle and city court in Copenhagen; FHL films 0520496¬0521527,0517662-0517794).<br>
 
The '''Reparitionsprotokol''' [restitution records] from 1863¬1910 are filed separately (FHL film 0517795¬0517840), as are a set of records called '''Børn og hospitalslemmer''' (Children and hospital inmates; FHL film 0517868-0517897).<br>
 
=== Wills and Indexes (''Testamentprotokoller med Indexer'')  ===
These records are legal declarations of a person's desires for the disposition of his property or estate after his death. Generally only the upper and middle classes had wills. The peasant classes are most often found only in the probate records. Most original will books include indexes. Transcripts of wills were sent to the Chancery to be confirmed. After 1848 , the Ministry of Justice (''Justitsministeriet'') kept copies of all wills.
 
These are useful linkage sources for the upper and middle classes. They give family relationships. They are difficult to use without the indexes; The indexes are needed to effectively locate individuals in the wills. Records are available from about 1500. There is a large collection of original will books (including indexes) in the National Archives that goes up to 1925. Many original wills are in the provincial archives, under the “amts” jurisdiction up to 1933.
 
Records may contain:
*Name and age of testator
*Residence
*Heirs
*Relationships
*Description of land and property
*Date of will
*Names of witnesses
 
For more information about wills, see [[Wills in Denmark|this article]].
 
=== Guardianship Records (''Overformynderiprotokoller'')  ===
Guardianship records are a good supplement to the probate records. Their use is twofold: First, they replace missing probate records. Second, they provide information concerning a minor's later destiny. Records date from 1570. At times two generations are mentioned, when both parents and grandparents passed away during the ward's minor state.
 
The guardianship record usually has the following information:
*Name of the ward or minor.
*Sometimes age or birth date and place
*Name of guardian and residence.
*Relationship, if any to the ward
*Date on which the inheritance was paid to the court and the estate reference involved. (If the inheritance comes from one or several sources, each document is referred to with the amount.)
*Date on which the inheritance is paid to the ward or minor.
*Status of the ward at the time the inheritance is paid, indicating a place of residence if different from the original probate record
*Expenses charged to the estate
== Probate Word List ==
====A====
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
|-
| A.D. ||  in the year of our Lord
! scope="col" | Danish
! scope="col" | English
|-
|-
| Aar || year
| Afdøde/Afgange
| deceased/departed
|-
|-
| Ad || at
| Aftægtsmand/kone
| A retired man/wife being supported by the new owner of their farm (usually a child)
|-
|-
| Advokat ||  attorney
| Arv/Arvinger/Arve afgift/Arve attest
| Inheritance/heirs/inheritance tax/
|-
|-
| Af, av || of, at, by, from
| Arvesummen
| the sum of the inheritance
|-
|-
| Afdøde || deceased
| Aar gl.
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Years old</span>
|-
|-
| Afg., afgange || deceased
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Boet</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">the house</span>
|-
|-
| Afgangen ||  the deceased
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">En Broderlod</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">a brother's share of an inheritance (this could be used when talking about a son (having a share with his brothers and sisters) or the deceased's brother)</span>
|-
|-
| Afgift || fee, charge
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Boslod/Lodseddel</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Certificate for a share or lot</span>
|-
|-
| Afholdelse || conduct, organization
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Byfogeden</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">The city baliff</span>
|-
|-
| Afholdt || held, incurred, organized
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Starting in 1792, all deceased had to be reported to the local probate authorities, whether they were to be probated or not. The reports of the deceased became a compiled record called the Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller.</span>
|-
|-
| Afgaa, afgaaet ||  die, died
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Dødsfald</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">death</span>
|-
|-
| Afkald || waiver
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Efterlade/Efterladte/Efterlevende&nbsp;</span>
| to leave behind/ the bereaved/the survivors
|-
|-
| Afkom || offspirng
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Ejendele/ Ejer (at ejer)/Ejendom</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Possessions/owns (to own)/Property</span>
|-
|-
| Afsælle ||  sell
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Eksekutorskifte</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Aftale || aggreement
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">En Enke/Enkemand</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Widow/widower</span>
|-
|-
| Aftos || last night
| Formynder
| Guardian
|-
|-
| Aftægtsfolk || retired people
| <span style="line-height: 19.906665802001953px;">Forseglingsprotokoller</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Aftægtskone || retired woman being supported by the new owner of their farm (usually a child)
| <span style="line-height: 19.906665802001953px;">Gift</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Married</span>
|-
|-
| Aftægtsmand ||  retired man being supported by the new owner of their farm (usually a child)
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Halvdelen</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">A half/a portion</span>
|-
|-
| Agent || agent
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Herred</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">the Court District</span>
|-
|-
| Agt(en) ||  intention, purpose
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Hvidebøger</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">“White Books”; a record of those deceased in Copenhagen that did not have an official probate</span>
|-
|-
| Aldeles ||  absolutely, totally, quite, entirely
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Indtægt</span>
| Income/revenue/profit
|-
|-
| Alder || age
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Jordseddel</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">A Jordseddel or a Muldseddel were certificates or confirmations from the Probate authorities to the deceased’s priest, that they had received notification and registered the death. The priest was not allowed to bury the dead until the probate authorities had received such notification.</span>
|-
|-
| Aldrig || never
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Kammerjunker</span>
| Gentleman(?)
|-
|-
| Alenstok || yardstick (equivalent of 24 inches, or 0.63 modern-day meters)
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Kommissarieskifte</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Alle || all
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Kongen</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">The King</span>
|-
|-
| Allerhøjest || most highest
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Kurator</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Allordere ||  allocate
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Lavværge (can also be spelled Lauværge)</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">A widow’s guardian who would be present with her during her deceased husband’s probate. Widows had the privilege to choose their own Guardian, which normally was one of her brothers.</span>
|-
|-
| Alt || all, universe, already
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Lodseddel/boslod</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Amt || county
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Mark</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Former Danish monetary unit. Worth less than a Rigsdaller but more than a skilling</span>
|-
|-
| Amtets ||  the county's
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Mindreaarige</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Under age</span>
|-
|-
| Amtmand || chief county administrator
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Muldseddel</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">See Jordseddel</span>
|-
|-
| Amtsforratter || county commissioners
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Myndige/ Myndigheds alderen</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">”of age.” When children were considered adults. The age varied throughout Denmark but on average 15-18 years (considered mindreårige 18-25 years) for men. Women were never recognized as “of age” until 1857, and always had a guardian appointed to them. After 1857, the “of age” age for single women was the same as men. In 1922, everyone was considered “of age” when they turned 21 years old, and today the age is 18.</span>
|-
|-
| Anden || other, second
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Myndigesluttet</span>
| <br>
|-
|-
| Anden side ||  other side
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">m.f.P.</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Abbreviation meaning “med ført Pen,” or “with guided pen.” This abbreviation usually appears under the signatures of those witnessing the probate, who either could not write or just needed help with writing.</span>
|-
|-
| Andunldt || amount
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">m.p.P.</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Abbreviation meaning “med påholden Pen,” or “with guided pen”. See “m.f.P.”</span>
|-
|-
| Anføre || indicate, state, also retired
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Overformynderiet</span>
| <span style="line-height: 19.920000076293945px;">Guardianship records</span>
|-
|-
| Anført ||  listed, stated, specified
| Værge
|-
| Guardian
| Anmeld, Anmeldelse || report, notification, review
|-
| Annus (Latin) || year
|-
| Anordnet || ordered, arranged, set apart
|-
| Anpart || share
|-
| Antage || accept, take on, assume
|-
| Antagelse || assumption, acceptance
|-
| Antagelig || presumably, probably, likely
|-
| Antaget ||  chosen
|-
| Antagne ||  assumed
|-
| Antal || number
|-
| Ar, en || are
|-
| Arbejdshold || work team
|-
| Arbejdsperiode || employment period or schedule
|-
| Arv || inheritance
|-
| Arvedel, Arvadeling ||  inheritance, portion or share of the inheritance
|-
| Arvelader ||  testator
|-
| Arveskifte ||  inheritance
|-
| Arvesummen || the sum of the inheritance
|-
| Arving || heir
|-
| Arvinger, Arfvinger ||  heirs
|-
| At || that, to
|-
| At være || as, being
|-
| Aulede || only
|-
| Avle || beget, grow
|-
| Avlet || begotten, produced
|-
| Avlet med afdøde || begotten with the deceased
|-
| Av ||  of, from, by
|}
|}


====B====
<br>  
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Danish !! English
<br>  
|-
| Baade ||  both
|-
| Barn, børnen ||  child, children
|-
| Barnedåb || grandchild
|-
| Barnefader ||  the child’s father
|-
| Bedstefader ||  grandfather
|-
| Bedstemoder ||  grandmother
|-
| Befal, Befale || command, order
|-
| Befalede || commanded, ordered
|-
| Befindes ||  found to be
|-
| Begjæring, Begæring || petition, request, application, motion
|-
| Behøver at ||  require, have to, need to
|-
| Bekendtgørelse || official announcement
|-
| Bekentgjort || announced
|-
| Bekost, Bekostning || expense, the cost
|-
| Bekræft || confirm, verify, affirm
|-
| Beløb || amount
|-
| Bemeldte || aforesaid
|-
| Bemidlet || well off
|-
| Benævnte || named
|-
| Beregne || calculate
|-
| Bero || be, remain
|-
| Beroer || depends
|-
| Beskikket || appointed
|-
| Beskriven || description
|-
| Betaler || pay
|-
| Betaling || payment
|-
| Betalt || paid
|-
| Betegne || description
|-
| Betjente, Betiente || official
|-
| Betydeligt || significantly, considerably
|-
| Birchedomer, Birkedommer || birke judge
|-
| Blandt || among
|-
| Blev, blef || was, become
|-
| Blive, Blivet, Bliver || be, being, becoming, getting
|-
| Boede, Boet || lived
|-
| Boe || live, rside
|-
| Boelsmand || farmer
|-
| Boet || estate, the estate; also live, living
|-
| Bog || book
|-
| Bonde || farmer
|-
| Bondegaard || farmer
|-
| Bopæl || resident, residence
|-
| Bor || live, living, lives
|-
| Borgmester || Mayor
|-
| Bortdøde || deceased
|-
| Bortfalder || void, repeal
|-
| Bortsolgt || sold
|-
| Boslod/Lodseddel || Certificate for a share or lot
|-
| Bouppteckning || probate
|-
| Brev || letter
|-
| Broder- brother  || brother
|-
| Broderdatter || brother's daughter
|-
| Broderlod || a brother's share of an inheritance (this <br>could be used when talking about a son (having <br>a share with his brothers and sisters) or <br>the deceased's brother)
|-
| Brodersøn || brother's son
|-
| Brække || break
|-
| Brødre || brothers
|-
| By, bye || town, village
|-
| Byfogeden || The city baliff
|-
| Byting || city court
|-
| Børn || children
|-
| Børnebørn || grandchildren
|-
| Børnene || the children
|}


====C====
En pige<br>A girl<br>Rd(l), Rigsdaller<br>Former Danish monetary unit. Worth more than a mark or a skilling<br>Registeringsprotokoller
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Comite, kommite || committee
|-
| Come, komme || come
|-
| Curator || curator
|}


====D====
Samfrænder/smafrændeskifte
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Da || as, since, when
|-
| Danske || Danish
|-
| Darværende || former
|-
| Datter, Døttre || daughter, daughters
|-
| Datterdatter || daughter’s daughter, granddaughter
|-
| Dattersøn || daughter’s son
|-
| De || they, those, the
|-
| Deling, deeling || division, distribution
|-
| Derfor || therefore
|-
| Deg || you
|-
| Dend || it, that, the, other
|-
| Den || of, the, it, of the
|-
| Denne || this
|-
| Dennes || his, its, thereof, latter
|-
| Der || who, there, which, that
|-
| Dere || you
|-
| Derefter || after that, then, afterwards
|-
| Deres || theirs, yours, its
|-
| Deret || theirs, which, who, that
|-
| Derhjemme || at home
|-
| Deriblandt || including, among
|-
| Dermed || there by, thus
|-
| Dernæst || next
|-
| Dertil || there, thereof, therefore, thereto
|-
| Derudover || additional
|-
| Det || it, that
|-
| Dette || this
|-
| Did || you, yourself, there
|-
| Disse || these
|-
| Dit || your
|-
| Dog || however, though
|-
| Dokket || docked
|-
| Dom || sentence, judgement, verdict
|-
| Dommer || judge
|-
| Drager || porter, carrier
|-
| Dranker || drunkard
|-
| Dreng, dr. || male, boy
|-
| Drengebarn || male child
|-
| Dronning || queen
|-
| Død, Døden || death, the death
|-
| Dødsanmeldelse || death announcement
|-
| Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller || Starting in 1792, all deceased had <br>to be reported to the local probate <br>authorities, whether they were to be probated <br>or not. The reports of the deceased became <br>a compiled record called the <br>Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller
|-
| Dødsfald || death
|-
| Døtre || daughters
|}


====E====
Skiftet/Skifter<br>Probate/Probates<br>Skiftebrande
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Eder || you
|-
| Edle || noble
|-
| Een || one
|-
| Efter || after, behind
|-
| Efterdi || because
|-
| Efterlade || leave
|-
| Efterlade sig en formue || leave a fortune
|-
| Efterladenskaber || remainder, the rest
|-
| Efterladte || survivors, remaining
|-
| Efterladende || left behind, surviving
|-
| Efterlefuende || surviving
|-
| Eftermelte || below mentioned
|-
| Efterretning || obedience
|-
| Eftersom || since, as
|-
| Eg, Ege, Egne, Egen, Eget || own, on one's own
|-
| Egenskab || capacity, property, attribute, characteristic
|-
| Egstra || see ekstra
|-
| Egteskab || marriage
|-
| Ei, Ej || not
|-
| Eje || own
|-
| Ejendom, Ejendele || property, posessions
|-
| Ejen || property
|-
| Ejer || owner
|-
| Ekstra || extra
|-
| Ekstradere || extract
|-
| Embede || office
|-
| En || the, a, an, one
|-
| End || than, end, over
|-
| Endelig || final, finally
|-
| Endvidere || also, furthermore
|-
| Enebarn || only child
|-
| Enes || agree
|-
| Enhver || each, everyone
|-
| Eniste || begotten
|-
| Enke || widow
|-
| Enkekone || widow
|-
| Enkemand || widower
|-
| Ensker || wishes, wants
|-
| Er, Ere || is, are, the, has, have
|-
| Erholde || assume, get, obtain, receive
|-
| Erhverv || profession, trade
|-
| Erhverver || acquire, gain
|-
| Erkendtlig || grateful
|-
| Erkend, Erkende || acknowledge, own, admit, recognize, realize
|-
| Erklære || declare, declaring, proclaim
|-
| Et || a, an, one
|}


====F====
Skiftebrevet<br>Probate letter<br>Skiftedesignationer
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Faa || get, receive
|-
| Fadder || godfather, sponsor
|-
| Faaet || received, got, obtained
|-
| Fader || father
|-
| Faderne, Fadderne || godparents
|-
| Fallit || bankrupt, bankruptcy
|-
| Fandt, Fantes || found, was found
|-
| Far || father
|-
| Farbroder || father’s brother, uncle
|-
| Farfader || paternal grandfather
|-
| Farfar || grandfather
|-
| Far || father
|-
| Farmoder || grandmother, father’s mother
|-
| Farmor || grandmother, father’s mother
|-
| Faset || receive
|-
| Faste || real
|-
| Faster || aunt, father’s sister
|-
| Fastsætte || assign, appoint
|-
| Fat || got, hold, summarize, understand, comprehend
|-
| Fattes || lacking, wanting
|-
| Fellets || joint
|-
| Fik || get, receive
|-
| Fil || file
|-
| Findes || found
|-
| Firer || four
|-
| Foged || bailiff, marshall, official
|-
| Folgende || as follows, thus
|-
| Folio || page
|-
| For || in, for, in order, for the
|-
| For endelig skifte || for final probate
|-
| Foranførte || above mentioned
|-
| Foranmeldte || above reported, previously announced
|-
| Forat || to, in order to
|-
| Forandre, forandring || change, vary, shift, reverse
|-
| Foregaænde || earlier
|-
| Foregaaet || official announcement
|-
| Fordeling || distribution, allocation
|-
| Fordring || claim, debt, receivable
|-
| Fordre, fordrede || demand, require
|-
| Fordrukken || drunken
|-
| Forefandtes || were present
|-
| Foregaænde || earlier, previous, former
|-
| Foregaaet || occurred, took place
|-
| Forestage || make, do, perform
|-
| Foretagelse || making, performing
|-
| Foretage, foretagne || transact, perform, conduct, make, distribute
|-
| Fortagen || distribution
|-
| Foretager || makes, performs, carries out
|-
| Fortaget lovlig || transacted lawfully
|-
| Forevise || show
|-
| Forfald || absence
|-
| Forfaret || conduct
|-
| Forgået || occurred, took place
|-
| Forfeiglet || previous
|-
| Forhen, førhen || in the past, formerly
|-
| Forhentiltagne || previously appointed
|-
| Forkarlen || foreman
|-
| Forloveren || sponsors, bondsmen at marriage
|-
| Forladefoged || baliff of the manor
|-
| Formedelst || due to, because of
|-
| Formode || assuming, supposing
|-
| Formue || assets, property, wealth
|-
| Formynder || guardian
|-
| Fornyelig || recently, recently departed
|-
| Forordningen || regulation, statutes
|-
| Forpagter || tenant
|-
| Forpligte || oblige, commit
|-
| Forpligtelse || obligation, commitment
|-
| Forpligtet || committed, obliged
|-
| Forrentning || interest, return, rate
|-
| Forreste || front, foremost
|-
| Forresten || incidentally, by the way, anyway
|-
| Forrætte og afslutte || transact and conclude
|-
| Forretning || business, transaction, administration, proceeding
|-
| Forretning tilstede || present at the proceeding
|-
| Forretninger || transactions
|-
| Forretningen || business administration
|-
| Forrevist kjøb || bill of sale
|-
| Forrige || previous
|-
| Forsamle || meet, assemble, gather
|-
| Forsamlingen || meeting, assembly, gathering, committee
|-
| Forsegle || seal up
|-
| Forsende || seal up
|-
| Forsige || to say
|-
| Forskel || difference
|-
| Fortfare || conduct, carry out
|-
| Fortfarende || continually, ongoing
|-
| Fortforet || conducted
|-
| Fortil || before
|-
| Foruden || besides, in addition to
|-
| Forud || previous, prior
|-
| Forudgående || previous
|-
| Forudsiger || predicts
|-
| Forvalter || administrator, agent, manager, bailiff
|-
| Forvære || make worse
|-
| Forældre || parents
|-
| Forældreløs || orphan
|-
| Forældrene || the parents
|-
| Fosterbarn || foster child
|-
| Fosterbørn || foster children
|-
| Fosterdatter || foster daughter
|-
| Fostersøn || foster son
|-
| Fra || from
|-
| Fraværende || absent
|-
| Frembragt || reveal, disclose
|-
| Fremdeles, fremdeeles || further
|-
| Fremfor || before, above, beyond
|-
| Fremføre- || advance, forward
|-
| Fremfærd || conduct
|-
| Fremgang || proceed, progress
|-
| Fremlagt, fremlagde || submitted, presented, provided, produced
|-
| Fremme || to go forth
|-
| Fremsat || submitted, made, delivered, presented
|-
| Fremstille, Fremstillet || create, make, produce, present to be judged
|-
| Fremviste || presented, showed, displayed
|-
| Fri || free
|-
| Frille || mistress
|-
| Frue || Mrs., wife, lady, not a peasant women
|-
| Fruentimmer || unmarried mother
|-
| Frugtsommelig || pregnant
|-
| Frøken || miss, not a peasant girl
|-
| Fudt || completely
|-
| Fuldkommen || complete, perfect
|-
| Fuldkomns || fulfilled
|-
| Fuldmagt || proxy, power of attorney
|-
| Fuldmægtig, fuldmegtige || attorney, advocate, head clerk
|-
| Fulgt || followed
|-
| Fuldkommen || complete, perfect
|-
| Fælled, Fælles || common, mutual, joint
|-
| Fæstebonde || copyholder, leaseholder, farmer
|-
| Fæstegårdmand || copyholder, leaseholder, farmer
|-
| Fæste || copyhold, lease
|-
| Fæstebonde || a farm
|-
| Fæstemand || betrothed
|-
| Fæster || person who is leasing
|-
| Fæstprotokol || land lease
|-
| Fætter || cousin
|-
| Fødtes (Føde) værger || family guardian
|-
| Følge || as a result of)
|-
| Følger || as follows
|-
| Før die unmyndige vegen || in behalf of the minors
|-
| Før || before
|-
| Førhen || previously
|-
| Første || first
|-
| Får || gets, will, have
|-
| Fået || received, got
|}


====G====
Skifteforvalteren
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Gaardmand || farmer
|-
| Gammel || old
|-
| Garden || the farm
|-
| Gave || gift, present
|-
| Gavn || benefit
|-
| Gift, givt || married
|-
| Gik || went, walked, did, was, were
|-
| Gior || makes
|-
| Gjeld || debts
|-
| Gjort, Gjorde || made, done, been
|-
| Godfather || godfather
|-
| Gudfrygtige || godfearing
|-
| Gudmoder || godmother
|-
| Gæld, gjold, gjæld || debt, payables
|-
| Gå || go, walk, do
|-
| Gårdbruger, gaardbruger || farmer
|-
| Gårdejer, gaardejer || farm owner
|-
| Gaard || farm
|-
| Gårdfæster, gaardfæster || farm leaseholder, tenant
|-
| Gårdmand, gaardmand || farmer
|}


====H====
Skilling<br>Former Danish monetary unit. Worth less than a Rigsdaller or a skilling<br>En Søsterlod
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| H. || abbreviation for "hustrue"- wife
|-
| Halde || hold, maintain, keep, continue
|-
| Halvbrodre, Halvbroder || half brother
|-
| Halvdelen || half, a portion
|-
| Ham || he, his, him
|-
| Han || he, his, him
|-
| Hannen || male, him
|-
| Hans || his
|-
| Har || has, have
|-
| Hartkorn || unit of land valuation
|-
| Havde || had
|-
| Have || have, be
|-
| Havender || debtors
|-
| Heder || honor
|-
| Hederlige || honorable
|-
| Hederlige och wellærde || honorable and well-learned
|-
| Hegle || tools for processing flax and hemp
|-
| Heigle || tools for processing flax and hemp
|-
| Helbroder || whole brother
|-
| Hele || all, entire
|-
| Hellere || rather, better, prefer
|-
| Hellig || holy
|-
| Hende, Hendes || her, hers
|-
| Henhold || according, accordance with, belong to
|-
| Henhøre til || refer to
|-
| Hensidde || live, exist
|-
| Hensyn || respect, regard
|-
| Her || here
|-
| Heraf || of this, thereof, these, which
|-
| Herom || accordingly, thereof, thereon
|-
| Herremand || lord of the manor
|-
| Herrets ting || district court
|-
| Herskerinde || mistress
|-
| Hidtil || previously, up until now
|-
| Himmelseng || canopy bed
|-
| Hjemme, Hiemme || at home
|-
| Hjemmedødt || home christening, home baptism
|-
| Hmd, Hm. (abbreviation for Husmand) || cottager
|-
| Holde || hold, holding, keep, keeping, stay, staying
|-
| Holden || keeping, stopping; also rich, prosperous
|-
| Holdelse || proceeding
|-
| Holdte || held
|-
| Hor || adultery, fornication
|-
| Hos || at, with, in, by, from
|-
| Hovedperson || head of house
|-
| Hr. || Mr.
|-
| Hun || she
|-
| Hus, Huus || house
|-
| Husbonde || husband, head of house
|-
| Husejer || owner of house
|-
| Husfader || head of house
|-
| Husfolk || small farmers
|-
| Husholderske || housekeeper
|-
| Husmand med jord || farmer with land
|-
| Husmand || cottager, small farmer
|-
| Husmoder, huusmoder || wife, homemaker
|-
| Hustrue, hustru, kone || hustru, kone-wife
|-
| Huus afgift || rent
|-
| Hvad || what
|-
| Hvem || who
|-
| Hver, hvert || every
|-
| Hvidebøger || "white books" or a record of those deceased <br>in Copenhagen who did not have an official probate
|-
| Hvilke, hvilken, hvilket || which, what, this
|-
| Hvil || rest
|-
| Hvor || where, which, when, how, there
|-
| Hvorefter || whereafter, then
|-
| Hvornaar || when is, when will, when does, <br>where once, where when
|-
| Hvorved || wherewith
|-
| Hvortil || plus, in additon, which should be added
|-
| Høj Ædle, Højædle || noble, high
|}


====I ====
Tømmermand<br>Carpenter<br>Udarvinger
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| I || in, of, the, at, you
|-
| I dag || today
|-
| Iagttage || watch, observe
|-
| Iberegne || include
|-
| Idet || as, because, with, since, taking
|-
| Ifald || if, in case
|-
| Ifolge, Ifølge || according, according to
|-
| Ikke || not
|-
| Imellem || between
|-
| Imod || against, accepted, opposed
|-
| Inderste || tenant, renter
|-
| Indfandt- materialize  || appeared, met
|-
| Indgaa || conclude
|-
| Indgaaet || entered into, concluded, reached, received
|-
| Indlæg || contribution, pleading, plea, letter, <br>article, speech, submission, observation
|-
| Inddrage || include, involve
|-
| Indfandt- materialize  || materialize
|-
| Indsidder || tenant, renter
|-
| Indtage || take, adopt
|-
| Indtægt || income, revenue, proceeds
|-
| Ingen || no, not, none
|-
| Interesse || interest
|-
| Intet || no, nothing
|-
| Intægt || asset, income
|}


====J====
Udarvs skifter
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Jagtbøsser || hunting rifles - originally for nobles, but lower classes were allowed to hunt after 1840
|-
| Jeg || I
|-
| Jer || you, yourselves
|-
| Jeres || your, yours
|-
| Jomfru || maiden, miss, not a peasant girl, virgin
|-
| Jord(e) || earth, land, property
|-
| Jordlig || earthly
|-
| Jordseddel/Muldseddel || certificates or confirmations from the <br>Probate authorities to the deceased’s <br>priest, that they had received notification <br>and registered the death. The priest <br>was not allowed to bury the dead <br>until the probate authorities had received <br>such notification
|}


====K====
Udgivt
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Kakkelovn || small stove for light dishes
|-
| Karl || young man, farmhand
|-
| Kendelse || decision, judgement, verdict, order, ruling
|-
| Kidre || dear
|-
| Kiste || coffin
|-
| Kl., Kng., Kong.(abbreviation for Kongelig) || Royal, government
|-
| Kongelig || royal
|-
| Kom || come
|-
| Kommer || come, coming, comes
|-
| Kommis || commission, commissioner
|-
| Kommitterede || nominee, commissioner
|-
| Kommunemand || city official
|-
| Kone || wife, married woman
|-
| Kongelige (Kl.) || Royal, government
|-
| Kontorbetjent || office clerk
|-
| Kontorchef || head of office staff
|-
| Kontormedhjælper || office clerk
|-
| Kost, Kostet || cost, the cost
|-
| Kravede || required
|-
| Kun || just, only, only the
|-
| Kunde || could, might, would; also client, patron
|-
| Kundskab || knowledge
|-
| Kundgjørelse || announcement, notification
|-
| Kusine || cousin
|-
| Kvinde, Qvinde || woman
|-
| Kvindefadder, Qvindefadder || godmother
|-
| Kvindemenneske || woman
|-
| Køb, Kjøb || purchase
|}


====L====
Umyndige<br>A minor (children under 18; see Myndige/Myndigheds alder)<br>Vidner<br>Witnesses<br>Vitterlighedsvidner
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Lagte- pay || pay
|-
| Landarbejder- farm worker || farm worker
|-
| Landbo- farmer renter || farmer renter
|-
| Landbruger || farmer
|-
| Laugværge || a widow’s guardian who would be <br>present with her during her deceased <br>husband’s probate. Widows had the <br>privilege to choose their <br>own Guardian, which normally was one of <br>her brothers
|-
| Lærte hederlige || learned and honorable
|-
| Lejer || tenant
|-
| Lensmanden || the constable
|-
| Leve || live
|-
| Levende || living
|-
| Leveret || suppied, delivered, provided
|-
| Lig || equal, similar to
|-
| Ligeledes- likewise, also, equally || ditto
|-
| Ligeledes- likewise, also, equally || likewise, also, equally
|-
| Ligesom || like, somewhat, as
|-
| Ligkiste || coffin
|-
| Likvidere || liquidate
|-
| Livsarvinger || living heirs
|-
| Lod || lot, share
|-
| Lodseddel/Boslod || Certificate for a share or lot
|-
| Logerende || tenant, lodger
|-
| Lov || law
|-
| Lovlig || legal
|-
| Lyder saaledes || reads thus
|-
| Løbende || current, continuous, standing
|-
| Løse || resolve, solve
|}


====M====
Vurderingsmænd
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| m.f.P. (abbreviation of “med ført Pen") || this abbreviation usually appears under the <br>signatures of those witnessing the probate, who <br>either could not write or just needed help with writing
|-
| m.p.P. (abbreviation of “med påholden Pen”) || abbreviation meaning “med påholden Pen,” or <br>“with guided pen”. See “m.f.P.”
|-
| M.V., (abbrev. of med videre) || continued, forward
|-
| Maa || must, may, should, shall, must be
|-
| Madmoder || woman of the house, housewife
|-
| Magistrat/Magistrate || justice for the peace
|-
| Magistrats Gods || magistrate’s estate
|-
| Maitresse || mistress
|-
| Maj., Majestæts- majesty || May
|-
| Maj., Majestæts || majesty
|-
| Man || man, husband, one, you, it
|-
| Mand || man, men
|-
| Manden || the man
|-
| Mandfadder || godfather
|-
| Mandkjøn || male
|-
| Mark || former Danish monetary unit. Worth <br>less than a Rigsdaller but more than a skilling
|-
| Med || with, by, of, the
|-
| Medmindre || unless
|-
| Meere, Mere || more, further
|-
| Mellem || between
|-
| Men || but
|-
| Mere || more
|-
| Middel || medium, average, part
|-
| Mindreårige || minors, under age
|-
| Moder, Mor || mother
|-
| Moderens || the mother
|-
| Modt || appeared, met, was present
|-
| Modtagen || receive
|-
| Mor, Moder || mother
|-
| Morbroder || mother’s brother, uncle
|-
| Morfader, morfar || mother’s father, grandfather
|-
| Mormoder, mormor || mother’s mother, grandmother
|-
| Mortis (Latin) || death
|-
| Moster || aunt, mother’s sister
|-
| Mostermand || mother’s sister’s husband
|-
| Muldseddel || see Jordseddel
|-
| Myndig || of legal age. The age varied throughout <br>Denmark, but on average 15-18 years (considered <br>mindreårige 18-25 years) for men. Women were <br>never recognized as “of age” until 1857, <br>and always had a guardian appointed to them. <br>After 1857, the “of age” age for single <br>women was the same as men. In 1922, <br>everyone was considered “of age” when they <br>turned 21 years old, and today the age is 18.
|-
| Mænd || men
|-
| Mændenes || the men, appraisers
|-
| Møde || meeting, appointment
|-
| Mødte, Mødt || met, met with, present, in attendance
|-
| Mø || maiden, virgin
|-
| Må or Maa || do, be, must, may, should
|-
| Maad || goal, way, means
|-
| Maanad || month
|}


====N====
Værge<br>Guardian. All minors (umyndige) were appointed a guardian, after a parents death, to represent them throughout the probate process. The Guardian appointed was typically the father’s eldest brother (if the father had died), or the father himself (if the mother had died). By law, the guardian must be from the father’s side unless there were no living male relatives of the father, in which case the guardian would be from the mother’s male relatives.
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Naar || where, when
|-
| Nafnlig || namely
|-
| Namful || namely
|-
| Nati, Natiuitas (Latin) || birth
|-
| Navnet || name, the name
|-
| Navneklud || embroidery
|-
| Navnlig || namely
|-
| Nemlig || namely
|-
| Navn || name
|-
| Nedlagt || closed, asks, seeks, claims
|-
| Nej || no
|-
| Nevø || nephew
|-
| Niece || niece
|-
| Noch || also
|-
| Nogen || any
|-
| Nogen tid siden || sometime before
|-
| Noget || something, anything
|-
| Nok || enough
|-
| Nu || now
|-
| Nutid || present
|-
| Nuværende || current, present, existing
|-
| Nyfder ophold || of age (legal)
|-
| Ny, Nyt || new
|-
| Næmlig, namely || namely, that is
|-
| Næringsvei || occupation
|-
| Næst || next
|-
| Nærværende || present
|-
| Når || when, where
|}


====O====
=== Household and Farm Items Often Listed in Probates<br>  ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| O.S.V. || etc.
|-
| Odel || freehold land
|-
| Ofververends || attending
|-
| Og, Oc, Och || and
|-
| Ogfolder || live
|-
| Ogsaa, Også || also
|-
| Oktober || October
|-
| Oldefader || great-grandfather
|-
| Oldemoder || great-grandmother
|-
| Om || about, in, on
|-
| Omkostninger || expenses, costs
|-
| Opdrætte || breed
|-
| Opfostringshus || orphanage
|-
| Oplaest || announced, read, spoken
|-
| Opgiven || stated, studied
|-
| Opgjort || calculate, estimate
|-
| Opholde sig || reside, stay
|-
| Opholder || living, staying
|-
| Opholdsted || place of residence
|-
| Opløbe || finish
|-
| Opmærksom || attentive, mindful, aware
|-
| Oplysninger || information, data, details
|-
| Ordre || order
|-
| Ovenmeldte || above reported
|-
| Ovenævnte || above mentioned, aforementioned
|-
| Overformynderi || trustee (someone who needs a guardian)
|-
| Overformynderiet || Guardianship records
|-
| Overførende || transferring
|-
| Overrække || present, give
|-
| Overskydende || excess
|-
| Overstige || exceed
|-
| Overværelse || presence, attendance
|-
| Overværends || attending
|}


====P====
A<br>aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets<br>arbejdsvogn- wagon
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| p., post || after
|-
| Paa || on, at, in
|-
| Paa grund || because
|-
| Paa stedet || at this place
|-
| Paahvileds, Paahvile || rest with, lie with, be due from, chargeable to
|-
| Paalagt || order, put on, entrusted
|-
| Paaløbende || accrued, incidental
|-
| Pante || mortgage
|-
| Passere || pass
|-
| Pastorat || parish
|-
| Penge || money
|-
| Personerne || the people
|-
| Pige || girl, maid, servant
|-
| Pigebarn || girl child
|-
| Pigen || the maid, that girl
|-
| Plasmand || cottager
|-
| Plejebarn || foster child
|-
| Plejebørn || foster children
|-
| Plejeforældre || foster parents
|-
| Plejemoder || foster mother
|-
| Plejesøn || foster son
|-
| Protocol, Protokol || ledger, journal
|-
| Pligtmand || tenant
|-
| Proprietær || farmer (large)
|-
| Provst || rural dean
|-
| Provsti || deanery
|-
| Provstinde || deans wife
|-
| Præst, præsten || priest, the priest, clergyman, minister
|-
| Præstegield || clerical district
|-
| Pulitiaduakat || district attorney
|-
| Pådømmelse || trial, judgment
|-
| Påhvileds, Påhvile || rest with, lie with, be due from, chargeable to
|-
| Påløbende || accrued, incidental
|-
| Påstod || claimed
|}


====Q====
B<br>bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough<br>baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands<br>band- bands<br>baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife<br>becken, bækken- pan containing hot coals to heat the bed<br>beester- beasts<br>bench- bench<br>beholder- container<br>benklæder, beenklæder- trousers<br>beslag- brackets, hardware<br>beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood<br>besætningen- herd<br>bilægerkakkelovn- stove<br>bismer- small portable scale<br>blaa, blå- blue<br>blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth<br>blaastribed- blue striped<br>blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp<br>boghylde- bookshelf<br>bor- auger<br>bord- table<br>bornholmer- grandfather clock<br>bryggerkedel- brewing kettle<br>bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat<br>brystdug- vest<br>brændevin- alcohol<br>bukser, buxer- trousers<br>bulle, bol- a short top for women<br>bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax<br>bænk- bench<br>bæster- beasts<br>båbdknif- small chopping knife
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Qua (Latin) || which, where, what, see, that
|-
| Qvinde, Qvinden, Kvinde || woman, the woman
|-
| Qvindekiøn, Kvindekøn || female gender
|-
| Qvindemenneske || women
|}


====R====
C<br>carter- cards for carding wool
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Raadhusskriver || town hall clerk scribe
|-
| Raadlighed || command, disposal, available, provided
|-
| Raadmand, Rådmand || councilman, alderman
|-
| Rd(l). (abbreviation for Rigsdaler) || a former Danish monetary unit.
|-
| Realiserede || realized, achieved, actual, recorded
|-
| Realisation || realization
|-
| Registrerede || registered
|-
| Registering || inventory, registration
|-
| Registrering og Vurdering || inventory and appraisal
|-
| Renter || interest
|-
| Resten || the rest
|-
| Resterende || balance, remainder
|-
| Resultat || result, profit, earnings
|-
| Retlige || legal, the legal, justice
|-
| Retsformand || persiding judge
|-
| Retten || court
|-
| Ridefoged || bailiff
|-
| Rigsdaller/Rd(l) || former Danish monetary unit. Worth <br>more than a mark or a skilling
|-
| Rigtighed || accuracy, correctness, truthfulness
|-
| Rime || agree
|-
| Rimelig || reasonable, fair, fair price
|-
| Rodemester || tax collector
|-
| Rådlighed || command, disposal, available, provided
|-
| Rådmand, Raadmand || councilman, alderman
|}


====S====
D<br>degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading<br>dragkiste- chest of drawers<br>drejels, dreeils- hinge, pivot<br>driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain<br>dug- cloth, tablecloth<br>dyne- quilt, duvet<br>dørslag- colander<br>dørslag- colander
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Saa || so, as, indeed, that, in behalf, then, such, saw, since
|-
| Saadan || such
|-
| Saaledes || namely, for instance, such as, thus, as follows
|-
| Saavel || both
|-
| Sabbat || Sabbath
|-
| Sagen || proceedings
|-
| Sagfører || lawyer
|-
| Sal., Salig, Salige || deceased
|-
| Samling || meeting
|-
| Sammen || together or same
|-
| Sammenaulede || begotten
|-
| Sammenauled || together beget
|-
| Sammen avlede || together begotten
|-
| Sammenleje || living together
|-
| Sammenviede || married together
|-
| Sammestads || same place
|-
| Samt || as well, well as
|-
| Samtikke, samtykke || consent, agree
|-
| Samtlige || all
|-
| Sandsynligt || probable, likely
|-
| Sedler || banknotes, bills
|-
| Sees || seeing, seen, is seen
|-
| Seigneur || Mr or Sir-willborn/ honourable
|-
| Self tilhøre || self-owned
|-
| Selvejer || owner, freeholder
|-
| Set || viewed, seen
|-
| Sidste || last
|-
| Sig || him, her, it's, them, himself, herself, themselves, at, to, out, the
|-
| Sige god || say good (vouch)
|-
| Signor (French) || Mr.
|-
| Sin, Sine || its, his, her, there
|-
| Sind || mind
|-
| Sit || its, his, her
|-
| Skabe || create, generate, provide, also cabinets
|-
| Sin || his, hers
|-
| Skal || do, must, to be, should
|-
| Skatteopkræver || tax debt, tax charges
|-
| Skeed || given
|-
| Skeedte || occurred
|-
| Skete, Skeed || happened, occurred, did
|-
| Skifte || probate
|-
| Skiftebrevet || probate letter
|-
| Skifte forretning || probate proceeding
|-
| Skiftes foretagelse || probate execution
|-
| Skiftes holdelse || probate proceeding
|-
| Skifte og Deeling || probate and distribution
|-
| Skifteforvalter || probate administrator, probate agent
|-
| Skifteomkostningerne || probate costs
|-
| Skifteprotokoller || probate records
|-
| Skifteretten || probate court
|-
| Skiftesamling || probate meeting of heirs
|-
| Skifter handling || settlement
|-
| Skiftet || the probate
|-
| Skilde || separate
|-
| Skjønt || though
|-
| Skilling || monetary unit; former Danish monetary unit. <br>Worth less than a Rigsdaller or a skilling
|-
| Skrivelse || letter
|-
| Skriver || scribe, clerk
|-
| Skriverstue || writing room, office
|-
| Skulde || should, would, might
|-
| Skylde || owe
|-
| Skøn || estimate, assessment
|-
| Sl.,sal. || sal.,-deceased
|-
| Slagfreds || illegitimate
|-
| Slagfredsdatter || illegitimate daughter
|-
| Slagfredssøn || illegitimate son
|-
| Slutte || finish, end, conclude
|-
| Slægt || family, relatives
|-
| Små || small
|-
| Sognebarn || parishioner
|-
| Sognefoged || parish bailiff
|-
| Solgt || sold
|-
| Som || as, since, who, which, as, whom, that
|-
| Soskendebarn || niece, nephew
|-
| Spurgte || inquired, asked
|-
| Spædbarn || infant, baby
|-
| S(igno)r || Mister
|-
| Stads || city
|-
| Stadboende || city residents
|-
| Stedbarn || stepchild
|-
| Stedbørn || stepchildren
|-
| Steddatter || step daughter
|-
| Stedfader || step father
|-
| Stedmoder || step mother
|-
| Stedsøn || step son
|-
| Stervbo, Sterfboen || estate, inventory of the deceased
|-
| Stifbarn || stepchild
|-
| Stifbørn || stepchildren
|-
| Stift, Stiftet || diocese, the diocese
|-
| Stue || ground, room, living room
|-
| Stærboet || same place, place where deceased lived
|-
| Stævningsmand || baliff sheriff
|-
| Sur || confused
|-
| Svigerdatter || daughter-in-law
|-
| Svigerfader || father-in-law
|-
| Svigerinde || sister-in-law
|-
| Svigermoder || mother-in-law
|-
| Svigersøn || son-in-law
|-
| Svoger || brother-in-law
|-
| Svogerske || sister-in-law
|-
| Sødskende(s) || siblings, sisters
|-
| Søn, Sønnen || son, the son
|-
| Sønnedatter || son’s daughter
|-
| Sønnekone || son’s wife
|-
| Sønnen || the son
|-
| Sønnerne || the sons
|-
| Sønnesøn || son’s son
|-
| Søskende || siblings
|-
| Søskendebarn || cousins
|-
| Søskendefætter || first cousin
|-
| Søster || sister
|-
| Så || so, as, indeed, that, in behalf, then, such, saw, since
|-
| Sådan || such, how, to, this
|-
| Således || namely, for instance, such as, thus, as follows
|-
| Såvel || both
|}


====T====
E<br>ege, eege- oak<br>egebord- oak table<br>egedragkiste- oak chest<br>egekar oak vat<br>egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock<br>degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading<br>dragkiste- chest<br>drægtig- pregnant (livestock)<br>drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric<br>drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough<br>dug- cloth, tablecloth<br>dyne- quilt, duvet
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Tagelse || making, admission, acquisition, exemption
|-
| Tager || takes, taking, out, acquisition, does
|-
| Taksere || acquisition, appraise
|-
| Tarv- best interests || acquisition, interests
|-
| Tarveligt || simple, poor, shoddy, acquisition, frugally
|-
| Testes || acquisition, witnesses
|-
| Tidligere || acquisition, past
|-
| Tiener, tjener, tjeneste || acquisition, tjeneste- servant
|-
| Til || acquisition, for
|-
| Tilbud || acquisition, proposition
|-
| Tilbød || acquisition, offered
|-
| Tidligere || acquisition, earlier
|-
| Tidligt || acquisition, soon
|-
| Tilgodehavender || acquisition, receivables
|-
| Tilhører || acquisition, to
|-
| Tilhørende || acquisition, related
|-
| Tilkendegive || declare, indicate, express, acquisition, inform
|-
| Tillade || acquisition, let
|-
| Tillidsmænd || acquisition, representatives
|-
| Tilladelse || acquisition, permission
|-
| Tillige || also, along with, acquisition, together
|-
| Tilligemed || acquisition, also
|-
| Tillynsing || acquisition, posting
|-
| Tilspurgte || acquisition, asked
|-
| Tilstand || acquisition, status
|-
| Tilstede, til stede || til, stede- present, present, in attendance; also permit, acquisition, allow
|-
| Tilstedeværende || acquisition, present
|-
| Tilstillede || acquisition, given
|-
| Tilstaa || testify, swear, acquisition, acknowledge
|-
| Tilstaaelse || acquisition, acknowledgement
|-
| Tilsvar || acquisition, amount
|-
| Tilsvarende || corresponding, equivalent, similar, acquisition, responsible for
|-
| Tilsværge || acquisition, swear
|-
| Tilsynsværge || acquisition, guardian
|-
| Tiltage || acquisition, grow
|-
| Tiltale || prosecute, charge, acquisition, speak to
|-
| Ting || acquisition, court
|-
| Tingmanden || acquisition, officer
|-
| Tjenende || acquisition, serving
|-
| Tjener, tiener || acquisition, tiener- serve
|-
| Troloved, trolovet || acquisition, trolovet- engaged
|-
| Trykt || acquisition, printed
|-
| Tømmer || acquisition, timber
|-
| Tømrer || acquisition, carpentry
|}


====U====
F<br>faar- sheep<br>filtes- felted, made of felt<br>fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg<br>fleske olle- meat brining vat<br>forklæde- apron<br>fyrre- pine<br>fyrrebord- pine desk<br>føl, følle- foal<br>får- sheep<br>får med grøde- pregnant sheep
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Ubetydelig || insignificant
|-
| Udbetal, udbetaling || cash, cash out, withdraw, payment
|-
| Udgang || end, exit, output
|-
| Udelt || undivided, entirely
|-
| Uden || without
|-
| Ude || out, away
|-
| Uden || without
|-
| Udflytning || moving out
|-
| Udgift || expense, cost
|-
| Udi || in, at, of, from
|-
| Udlagt || laid out, reported
|-
| Udlæg || costs, outlay, expenses
|-
| Udnævnte || appointed
|-
| Udskifteligt || replacable, removable, interchangable
|-
| Udøbt || unbaptized
|-
| Uge || week
|-
| Uger || weeks
|-
| Ugift || unmarried
|-
| Umage, Umagelig || effort, pains, uncomfortable
|-
| Umindelig || as far as can be remembered, immemorial
|-
| Umulig, Umuligt || impossible
|-
| Umyndig || underage, minor
|-
| Umyndiges vegne || minors behalf
|-
| Umådelig || extremely, immensely
|-
| Unde || underage; also give, wish, grant
|-
| Under || under
|-
| Underrets dommer || court judge-lower
|-
| Underrretssay Fører || court judge lower
|-
| Underskrevet || undersigned
|-
| Underskrevne || signed
|-
| Undertegnede || the undersigned
|-
| Undgaas || avoided
|-
| Undladt, Undlod || failed, omited, left undone
|-
| Undtagen || except
|-
| Ungk., Ungkarl- bachelor  || bachelor
|-
| Ugift || unmarried
|-
| Ung || young
|-
| Uskiftet bo (boe) || unprobated estate, undivided estate
|-
| Utlagt, udladt || announced, reported
|-
| Uægte || illegitimate
|}


====V and W====
G<br>garvinde- yarn reel<br>gestlinge- goslings<br>giæs- geese<br>giæs med grøde- geese with goslings<br>glas- glass<br>graa, grå- gray<br>gravspade, grevespade- grave spade<br>greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle<br>grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets<br>gryde- pot<br>gul- yellow<br>grøn- green<br>grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)<br>gæs, giæs- geese<br>gæslinger, geslinge- goslings
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Vanvittig || retarded
|-
| Var, Varnede, Værende, Været || was, were, being, been
|-
| Ved || at or by
|-
| Vedbørlig || legal
|-
| Ved Døden er afgaaet || with death has departed, who died
|-
| Vederlag || compensation, renumeration, proceeds
|-
| Vedgå || admit, own, acknowledge
|-
| Vedkomme, Vedkommende || person concerned
|-
| Vegne, Wegen || behalf
|-
| Velædle || noble
|-
| Velbegavet || well endowed
|-
| Vel som || as well as), unable
|-
| Velbe., Vel begavet || well endowed
|-
| Velbyrdige, Vel byrdige || noble lineage
|-
| Vellærde || well educated
|-
| Vid || wide, extensive, open; also wit
|-
| Vide || know
|-
| Videre || further, forward, continue
|-
| Vidner || witnesses
|-
| Vidste || did, knew, know, did not know
|-
| Vil, Vilde || shall, would, want, will
|-
| Villig || willing, prepared, ready
|-
| Vis || show, certain, view, some, degree
|-
| Vitterlig || known
|-
| Vitterlighedsmænd || witnesses, notaries, attestors
|-
| Vor || our
|-
| Vurder || rate, assess, evaluate
|-
| Vurdere || to value, price, appraise
|-
| Vurderet, Vurderede || assessed, appraised
|-
| Vurdering || appraisal, evaluation, estimation
|-
| Vurderingsmand || appraiser
|-
| Vurderingsmænd || appraisers
|-
| Værd || worth, value
|-
| Være || be, have, to be, to
|-
| Værende umlyndige || being minors
|-
| Værende || living
|-
| Været || been
|-
| Værge || guardian. All minors (umyndige) were appointed <br>a guardian, after a parents death, to <br>represent them throughout the probate process. <br>The Guardian appointed was typically the father’s <br>eldest brother (if the father had died), or the <br>father himself (if the mother had died). By law, <br>the guardian must be from the father’s side <br>unless there were no living male relatives <br>of the father, in which case the guardian <br>would be from the mother’s male relatives
|}


====Y====
H<br>haand qvern, håndkværn- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing<br>haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax<br>haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels<br>hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board<br>halskobbel, halskoppel- horse harness<br>halstørklæde- scarf or muffler<br>hampe- hemp<br>hand qvern- hand mill<br>haspe- type of yarn winder<br>hat- hat<br>hauger, haver- removable wagon sides<br>hempharve, harver- harrow or cultivator<br>hengeskab- hanging cupboard<br>hest, hæst - horse<br>hestføl- very young foal<br>hestplag- colt<br>himmelseng- poster bed<br>hingst- stallion<br>hingsteføl- very young foal<br>hjørneskab- corner cabinet<br>hoppe- mare<br>hose- hose, knitted long stockings<br>hoveddyne- pillow<br>hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow<br>hue- cap<br>huge block, huggeblok- chopping block<br>hvergarns- linsey-woolsey<br>hvid- white<br>hæst, hest- horse<br>høelee, høle- scythe<br>hør- linen<br>hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen<br>håndklæder-towels<br>håndkværn, haand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Yderligere || additonal, more
|-
| Ydre || outer
|-
| Ygste ||  youngest
|-
| Ytre || utter, express, speak
|}


====Æ====
I<br>ildtag- fire poker
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Ægte ||  real, true, authentic, legitimate
|-
| Ægteskab || marriage
|-
| Ældste || oldest
|-
| Æta (Latin) || age
|-
| Ætas (Latin) || age, days, time, period
|}


====Ø====
J<br>jakke- jacket<br>jern- iron, stove<br>jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove<br>jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands<br>jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron<br>jerngryde- iron pot<br>jernpande- iron pan<br>jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| Øge ||  increase
|-
| Ønsker || do, want, wish, need
|-
| Øvrige || other, additional, remaining
|}


====Å====
K<br>kaabe- cloak<br>kaaber- copper<br>kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat<br>kakkelovn- stove<br>kalfve, kalve- calf<br>kande- jug<br>kappe- cloak<br>kar- vessel, vat<br>karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn<br>karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs<br>kasket- cap<br>kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton<br>keddle, kiedel- kettle<br>kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kierne- churn<br>kiol- mens formal jacket<br>kiør- cows<br>kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kjole- men's formal jacket<br>kjole og hvidt- women's formal dress<br>kiste- chest<br>klæde kiste- dress chest<br>klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest<br>knapper- buttons<br>kniplinger- lace<br>kniv- knife<br>koe, ko- cow<br>komfur- stove<br>konvolut- cap<br>kopper- copper<br>kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain<br>krave- collar<br>krukke- crock<br>kuvert- hat<br>krave- cows<br>krus- pottery mug<br>kvern- mill<br>kvie, qvie- heifer<br>kviekalve- heifer calf<br>kvæg, qveeg- cattle<br>kærne- churn<br>køer- cows<br>kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap<br>kåbe- cloak
{| class="wikitable"
! Danish !! English
|-
| År || year
|}


== Household and Farm Items ==
L
''Word List of Household and Farm Items Often Listed in Probates''
====A====
{| class="wikitable"
! A !!
|-
| aag, åg || shoulder yoke for carrying buckets
|-
| alenstok || yardstick (equivalent of 24 inches, or 0.63 modern-day meters)
|-
| alkove || alcove, bed closed with doors or curtains, shared by 2-3 people
|-
| arbejdsvogn || wagon
|}


====B====
lagen- sheet<br>lam, lamb- lamb<br>lehnestoel, lænestol- armchairs<br>ler- clay<br>leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.<br>lin, liin- linen<br>lyddæmper- muffler<br>lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge<br>læder- leather<br>lædersele- leather harness for a horse<br>lænestol, lehnestoel- armchairs<br>løgte- lamp
{| class="wikitable"
! B !!
|-
| bagetrug ||  bakers trough for kneading dough
|-
| baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd ||  wooden tub with iron bands
|-
| band || bands
|-
| baandknif, båndkniv || small chopping knife
|-
| becken, bækken || pan containing hot coals to heat the bed
|-
| beester || beasts
|-
| bench || bench
|-
| beholder || container
|-
| benklæder, beenklæder || trousers
|-
| beslag || brackets, hardware
|-
| beslagen vogn || wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood
|-
| besætningen || herd
|-
| bikube || beehive
|-
| bilægerkakkelovn || stove
|-
| bimpel || small barrel, used for transporting beer to/from the fields
|-
| bismer || small portable scale
|-
| blaa, blå || blue
|-
| blaargarns, blårgarns || wool or linen cloth
|-
| blaastribed || blue striped
|-
| blick, blech lygte || small portable tin lamp
|-
| boghylde || bookshelf
|-
| bor || auger
|-
| bord || table
|-
| bornholmer || grandfather clock
|-
| bryggerkedel || brewing kettle
|-
| bryggkar, bryggekar || brewing vat
|-
| brystdug || vest
|-
| brændevin || alcohol
|-
| bukser, buxer ||  trousers
|-
| bulle, bol || a short top for women
|-
| bul øxe, buløkse || forest ax
|-
| bænk || bench
|-
| bæster || beasts
|-
| båbdknif || small chopping knife
|}


====C====
M<br>madskab- wooden upright food pantry<br>mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>manglebrædt og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug<br>malet- painted<br>messing- brass<br>messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed<br>meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn<br>morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)<br>møbler- furniture<br>mønstrede- patterned
{| class="wikitable"
! C !!
|-
| carter || cards for carding wool
|}


====D====
N<br>nattrøye- night shirt<br>naur- auger<br>nederdel- skirt
{| class="wikitable"
! D !!
|-
| degntrug || wooden trough for bread kneading
|-
| dejtrug || dough trough, used for kneading and raising bread overnight
|-
| dragkiste || chest of drawers
|-
| drejels, dreeils || hinge, pivot
|-
| driftetrug, drøftetrug || low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain
|-
| drægtig|| pregnant (livestock)
|-
| drøftetrug || sifting trough, used to clean chaff from the grain
|-
| dug || cloth, tablecloth
|-
| dyne || quilt, duvet
|-
| dørslag || colander
|-
| dørslag || colander
|}


====E====
O<br>okse- ox<br>olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>olle- oil<br>otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg<br>overdyne- duvet cover<br>ovn- stove
{| class="wikitable"
! E !!
|-
| ege, eege || oak
|-
| egebord || oak table
|-
| egedragkiste- oak chest || oak chest
|-
| egekar oak vat || oak vat
|-
| egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock || keepsake box, sometimes with a lock
|-
|}


====F====
P<br>pande- pan<br>papir- paper<br>penge- cash<br>peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill<br>plag- colt<br>plove- plow<br>plove med behor- plow with accessories<br>porcellæn- porcelain<br>prykket- dotted<br>pude, puude- pillow<br>pudevår- pillowcases<br>pynteærmer- interchangable dress sleeves<br>pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf<br>pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf
{| class="wikitable"
! F !!
|-
| faar- sheep || sheep
|-
| filtes- felted, made of felt || felted, made of felt
|-
| fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg || a tub that can hold 25 kg
|-
| fleske olle- meat brining vat || meat brining vat
|-
| fluefanger || fly catcher
|-
| forklæde- apron || apron
|-
| fuglebur || birdcage
|-
| fyrre- pine || pine
|-
| fyrrebord- pine desk || pine desk
|-
| føl, følle- foal || foal
|-
| får- sheep || sheep
|-
| får med grøde- pregnant sheep || pregnant sheep
|}


====G====
Q<br>qveeg, kvæg- cattle<br>qvern- mill<br>qvie, kvie- heifer<br>qvie kalfe- heifer calf
{| class="wikitable"
! G !!
|-
| garvinde- yarn reel || yarn reel
|-
| gestlinge- goslings || goslings
|-
| giæs- geese || geese
|-
| giæs med grøde- geese with goslings || geese with goslings
|-
| glas- glass || glass
|-
| graa, grå- gray || gray
|-
| gravspade, grevespade- grave spade || grave spade
|-
| greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle || grip, level, handle
|-
| grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets || piglets
|-
| gryde- pot || pot
|-
| gul- yellow || yellow
|-
| grøn- green || green
|-
| grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock) || pregnant or with eggs (livestock)
|-
| gæs, giæs- geese || geese
|-
| gæslinger, geslinge- goslings || goslings
|-
| gåse-hilde || goose tether
|}


====H====
R<br>rede penge- ready cash<br>redskaber- tools<br>rist- 3-legged grill rack<br>riveiern, rivegern- grater<br>rok- spinning wheel<br>rød- red
{| class="wikitable"
! H !!
|-
| haand qvern, håndkværn || hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
|-
| haandøxe, håndøkse || hand ax
|-
| haankattunsklæder, håndklæder || towels
|-
| hakkebret, hakkebræt || chopping board
|-
| hakkekniv || chopping knife
|-
| halskobbel, halskoppel || horse harness
|-
| halstørklæde || scarf or muffler
|-
| hampe || hemp
|-
| hand qvern || hand mill
|-
| haspe || type of yarn winder
|-
| hat || hat
|-
| hauger, haver || removable wagon sides
|-
| hempharve, harver || harrow or cultivator
|-
| hengeskab || hanging cupboard
|-
| hest, hæst || horse
|-
| hestføl || very young foal
|-
| hestplag || colt
|-
| himmelseng || poster bed/canopy bed
|-
| hingst || stallion
|-
| hingsteføl || very young foal
|-
| hjørneskab || corner cabinet
|-
| hoppe || mare
|-
| hose || hose, knitted long stockings
|-
| hoveddyne || pillow
|-
| hovedpude, hoved pude || pillow
|-
| hue || cap
|-
| huge block, huggeblok ||  chopping block
|-
| huggehus || workshop
|-
| hvergarns || linsey-woolsey
|-
| hvid || white
|-
| hæst, hest || horse
|-
| høelee, høle || scythe
|-
| hør || linen
|-
| hørlærritz, hørlærred || made of linen
|-
| håndklæder || towels
|-
| håndkværn, haand qvern || hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
|}


====I====
S<br>saks, sax- scissors<br>saltkar- small salt container<br>selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour<br>seletøj- harness for a horse<br>seng- bed<br>sengested- bedstead<br>serker, særke- petticoat<br>siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sigte- sieve<br>sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sjal- shawl<br>skab- cabinet<br>ske, skeer- spoon, spoons<br>skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container<br>skind- skins, pelts, or leather<br>skindbuxor- buckskin pants<br>skiorte, skjorte- shirt<br>skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench<br>skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed<br>skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph<br>sko, skoe- shoes<br>skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife<br>skørt, skiordt- skirt<br>slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench<br>sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones<br>slæde- sled<br>småsvin- piglets<br>sold- sieve or screen<br>spade- spade or shovel<br>spand- bucket<br>spejl- mirror<br>spinderok- spinning wheel<br>spisebord- dining table<br>spender, spænder- buckles<br>spæde kalve- infant calf<br>stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand<br>standtønder- food storage barrels<br>stander seng- floor bed<br>steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid<br>stegepande- frying pan<br>stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate<br>stie, stige- laddar<br>stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs<br>stort- large, high<br>stribet- striped<br>strippe- wooden scoop<br>strygejern- an iron<br>strømber, strømper- stockings<br>stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf<br>studlinge- steer calf<br>stueur, stueuhr- clock<br>støvler- boots<br>sviin, svin- pigs<br>sæde- seat
{| class="wikitable"
! I !!
|-
| ildtag || fire poker
|}


====J====
T<br>tabel- table<br>taburet, taberet- stool<br>taft- taffeta<br>tallerkne, tallerken- plate<br>tavle- table<br>tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bent slightly outward<br>tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood<br>ternet- checkered<br>thepotte- teapot<br>tilbehør- attachments, accessories<br>tin- tin or pewter<br>tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup<br>tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate<br>tragt- funnel<br>trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire<br>tromle- barrel or drum<br>trug- trough<br>træ- wooden<br>træbismer- small portable wooden scale<br>trækar- wooden container<br>træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes<br>træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides<br>trøje- sweater<br>tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching<br>tøj- clothes<br>tønde- barrel<br>tørklæde- head scarf<br>tørvespade- peat spade
{| class="wikitable"
! J !!
|-
| jagtbøsser || hunting rifles - originally for nobles, but lower classes were allowed to hunt after 1840
|-
| jakke || jacket
|-
| jern || iron, stove
|-
| jernbilæggerkakkelovn || stove
|-
| jernbaand, jernbånd || iron bands
|-
| jernbismer || small portable scale made of iron
|-
| jerngryde || iron pot
|-
| jernpande || iron pan
|-
| jern vægge || iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.
|}


====K====
U<br>ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>underkjole- petticoat<br>underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side <br>ungsvin- young pig
{| class="wikitable"
! K !!
|-
| kaabe || cloak
|-
| kaaber || copper
|-
| kaarsklæder || light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat
|-
| kakkelovn || stove
|-
| kalfve, kalve || calf
|-
| kande || jug
|-
| kappe || cloak
|-
| kar || vessel, vat
|-
| karter || wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn
|-
| karstol || three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs
|-
| kasket || cap
|-
| kartuns, kattuns || made of cotton
|-
| keddle, kiedel || kettle
|-
| kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog || kettle hook
|-
| kierne || churn
|-
| kiol || mens formal jacket
|-
| kiør || cows
|-
| kjedelskrog || kettle hook
|-
| kjole || men's formal jacket
|-
| kjole og hvidt || women's formal dress
|-
| kiste || chest
|-
| klinket fad || mended dish, sometimes mended with staples inserted in small drilled holes
|-
| klæde kiste || dress chest
|-
| klæde skab || wardrobe, upright clothes chest
|-
| knapper || buttons
|-
| kniplinger || lace
|-
| kniv || knife
|-
| koe, ko || cow
|-
| komfur || stove
|-
| konvolut || cap
|-
| kopper || copper
|-
| kornharpe || type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain
|-
| krave || collar
|-
| krukke || crock
|-
| kuvert || hat
|-
| krage til flæsk || bacon rack, for smoking meat in the chimney
|-
| krave || cows
|-
| krus || pottery mug
|-
| kvern || mill
|-
| kvie, qvie || heifer
|-
| kviekalve- heifer calf || heifer calf
|-
| kvæg, qveeg || cattle
|-
| kærne || churn
|-
| køer || cows
|-
| kørekappe || driving jacket, cloak, or cap
|-
| kåbe || cloak
|}


====L====
V<br>vaar, vår- pillowcases<br>vadmel- homespun<br>vandspand- water bucket<br>vanter- mittens<br>vest- vest<br>vin- wine<br>vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room<br>vogn- wagon<br>vraaskab- corner cabinet<br>vugge- crib<br>væder, vædder- ram<br>vægge- wedge
{| class="wikitable"
! L !!
|-
| lagen || sheet
|-
| lam, lamb || lamb
|-
| langbænk || bench, used at a dining table
|-
| lehnestoel, lænestol || armchairs
|-
| ler || clay
|-
| leerfad, lerfad || pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.
|-
| lin, liin || linen
|-
| lyddæmper || muffler
|-
| lysesaks, lyse sax || candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge
|-
| lysestøbekar || candle maker
|-
| læder || leather
|-
| lædersele || leather harness for a horse
|-
| lænestol, lehnestoel || armchairs
|-
| løgte || lamp
|}


====M====
Æ<br>ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves which were interchangable with different vests
{| class="wikitable"
! M !!
|-
| madskab || wooden upright food pantry
|-
| mangle fiel og stok || clothes press that used a wooden roller
|-
| manglebrædt og stok || clothes press that used a wooden roller
|-
| malkekande, mælkekande || milk jug
|-
| malet || painted
|-
| messing || brass
|-
| messingbækken || brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed
|-
| meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered || iron tool for harvesting corn
|-
| morter || mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)
|-
| møbler || furniture
|-
| mønstrede || patterned
|}


====N====
Ø<br>øl, ølle- ale, beer<br>ølflaske- beer bottle<br>øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher<br>øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles<br>øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles<br>øxe, økse- ax<br>
{| class="wikitable"
! N !!
|-
| nattrøye || night shirt
|-
| naur || auger
|-
| navneklud || embroidery
|-
| nederdel || skirt
|}


====O====
=== Household and Farm Items Listed in Probates<br>  ===
{| class="wikitable"
! O !!
|-
| okse || ox
|-
| olmerdug, ulmerdug || striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
|-
| olle || oil
|-
| omdannet ostekar || re-used cheese vat
|-
| otting || container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg
|-
| overdyne || duvet cover
|-
| ovn || stove
|}


====P====
aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets<br>arbejdsvogn- wagon<br>bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough<br>baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands<br>band- bands<br>baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife<br>becken- brass pan containing hot coals to heat the bed<br>beester- beasts<br>bench- bench<br>beholder- container<br>benklæder, beenklæder- trousers<br>beslag- brackets, hardware<br>beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood<br>besætningen- herd<br>bilægerkakkelovn- stove<br>bismer- small portable scale<br>blaa, blå- blue<br>blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth<br>blaastribed- blue striped<br>blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp<br>boghylde- bookshelf<br>bor- auger<br>bord- table<br>bornholmer- grandfather clock<br>bryggerkedel- brewing kettle<br>bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat<br>brystdug- vest<br>brændevin- alcohol<br>bukser, buxer- trousers<br>bulle, bol- a short top for women<br>bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax<br>bænk- bench<br>bæster- beasts<br>båbdknif- small chopping knife<br>carter- cards for carding wool<br>driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain<br>dørslag- colander<br>ege, eege- oak<br>egebord- oak table<br>egedragkiste- oak chest<br>egekar oak vat<br>egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock<br>degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading<br>dragkiste- chest<br>drægtig- pregnant (livestock)<br>drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric<br>drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough<br>dug- cloth, tablecloth<br>dyne- quilt, duvet<br>faar- sheep<br>filtes- felted, made of felt<br>fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg<br>fleske olle- meat brining vat<br>forklæde- apron<br>fyrre- pine<br>fyrrebord- pine desk<br>føl, følle- foal<br>får- sheep<br>får med grøde- pregnant sheep<br>garvinde- yarn reel<br>gestlinge- goslings<br>giæs- geese<br>giæs med grøde- geese with goslings<br>glas- glass<br>graa, grå- gray<br>gravspade, grevespade- grave spade<br>greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle<br>grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets<br>gul- yellow<br>grøn- green<br>grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)<br>gæs, giæs- geese<br>gæslinger, geslinge- goslings<br>haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax<br>haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels<br>hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board<br>halskobbel, halskoppel- harness<br>halstørklæde- scarf or muffler<br>hampe- hemp<br>hand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing<br>harve, harver- harrow or cultivator<br>haspe- type of yarn winder<br>hat- hat<br>hauger, haver- removable wagon sides<br>hengeskab- hanging cupboard<br>hest, hæst - horse<br>hestføl- very young foal<br>hestplag- colt<br>himmelseng- poster bed<br>hingst- stallion<br>hingsteføl- very young foal<br>hjørneskab- corner cabinet<br>hoppe- mare<br>hose- hose, knitted long stockings<br>hoveddyne- pillow<br>hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow<br>hue- cap<br>huge block, huggeblok- chopping block<br>hvergarns- linsey-woolsey<br>hvid- white<br>hæst, hest- horse<br>høelee, høle- scythe<br>hør- linen<br>hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen<br>håndklæder-towels<br>ildtag- fire poker<br>jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands<br>jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron<br>jerngryde- iron pot<br>jernpande- iron pan<br>jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.<br>kaabe- cloak<br>kaaber- copper<br>kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat<br>kakkelovn- stove<br>kalfve, kalve- calf<br>kande- jug<br>kappe- cloak<br>kar- vessel, vat<br>karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn<br>karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs<br>kasket- cap<br>kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton<br>keddle, kiedel- kettle<br>kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kierne- churn<br>kiol- mens jacket<br>kiør- cows<br>kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kjole- men's formal jacket<br>kjole og hvidt- formal dress<br>kiste- chest<br>klæde kiste- dress chest<br>klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest<br>knapper- buttons<br>kniplinger- lace<br>kniv- knife<br>koe, ko- cow<br>komfur- stove<br>konvolut- cap<br>kopper- copper<br>kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain<br>krave- collar<br>krukke- crock<br>kuvert- hat<br>krave- cows<br>krus- pottery mug<br>kvern- mill<br>kvie, qvie- heifer<br>kviekalve- heifer calf<br>kvæg, qveeg- cattle<br>kærne- churn<br>køer- cows<br>kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap<br>kåbe- cloak<br>jakke- jacket<br>jern- iron, stove<br>jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove<br>lagen- sheet<br>lam, lamb- lamb<br>lehnestoel- armchairs<br>ler- clay<br>leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.<br>lin, liin- linen<br>lyddæmper- muffler<br>lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge<br>læder- leather<br>lædersele- leather harness for a horse<br>lænestol- armchairs<br>løgte- lamp<br>madskab- wooden upright food pantry<br>mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>manglebrædt og stok- roller-clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug<br>malet- painted<br>messing- brass<br>messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed<br>meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn<br>morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)<br>møbler- furniture<br>mønstrede- patterned<br>nattrøye- night shirt<br>naur- auger<br>nederdel- skirt<br>okse- ox<br>olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>olle- oil<br>otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg<br>overdyne- duvet cover<br>ovn- stove<br>pande- pan<br>papir- paper<br>penge- cash<br>peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill<br>plag- colt<br>plove- plow<br>plove med behor- plow with accessories<br>porcellæn- porcelain<br>prykket- dotted<br>pude, puude- pillow<br>pudevår- pillowcases<br>pynteærmer- dress sleeves<br>pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf<br>pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf<br>qveeg, kvæg- cattle<br>qvern- mill<br>qvie, kvie- heifer<br>qvie kalfe- heifer calf<br>rede penge- ready cash<br>redskaber- tools<br>rist- 3-legged grill rack<br>riveiern, rivegern- grater<br>rok- spinning wheel<br>rød- red<br>saks, sax- scissors<br>saltkar- small salt container<br>selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour<br>seletøj- harness for a horse<br>seng- bed<br>sengested- bedstead<br>serker, særke- petticoat<br>siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sigte- sieve<br>sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sjal- shawl<br>skab- cabinet<br>ske, skeer- spoon, spoons<br>skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container<br>skind- skins, pelts, or leather<br>skindbuxor- buckskin pants<br>skiorte, skjorte- shirt<br>skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench<br>skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed<br>skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph<br>sko, skoe- shoes<br>skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife<br>skørt, skiordt- skirt<br>slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench<br>sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones<br>slæde- sled<br>småsvin- piglets<br>sold- sieve or screen<br>spade- spade or shovel<br>spand- bucket<br>spejl- mirror<br>spinderok- spinning wheel<br>spisebord- dining table<br>spender, spænder- buckles<br>spæde kalve- infant calf<br>stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand<br>standtønder- food storage barrels<br>stander seng- floor bed<br>steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid<br>stegepande- frying pan<br>stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate<br>stie, stige- laddar<br>stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs<br>stort- large<br>stribet- striped<br>strippe- wooden scoop<br>strygejern- an iron<br>strømber, strømper- stockings<br>stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf<br>studlinge- steer calf<br>stueur, stueuhr- clock<br>støvler- boots<br>sviin, svin- pigs<br>sæde- seat<br>tabel- table<br>taburet, taberet- stool<br>taft- taffeta<br>tallerkne, tallerken- plate<br>tavle- table<br>tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bends slightly outward<br>tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood<br>ternet- checkered<br>thepotte- teapot<br>tilbehør- attachments, accessories<br>tin- tin or pewter<br>tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup<br>tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate<br>tragt- funnel<br>trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire<br>tromle- barrel or drum<br>trug- trough<br>træ- wooden<br>træbismer- small portable wooden scale<br>trækar- wooden vessel<br>træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes<br>træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides<br>trøje- sweater<br>tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching<br>tøj- clothes<br>tønde- barrel<br>tørklæde- head scarf<br>tørvespade- peat spade<br>ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>underkjole- petticoat<br>underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side <br>ungsvin- young pig<br>vaar, vår- pillowcases<br>vadmel- homespun<br>vandspand- water bucket<br>vanter- mittens<br>vest- vest<br>vin- wine<br>vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room<br>vogn- wagon<br>vraaskab- corner cabinet<br>vugge- crib<br>væder, vædder- ram<br>vægge- wedge<br>ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves wgich were interchangable with different vests<br>øl, ølle- ale, beer<br>øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher<br>øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles<br>øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles<br>øxe, økse- ax<br>
{| class="wikitable"
! P !!
|-
| pande || pan
|-
| papir || paper
|-
| penge || cash
|-
| peber qvern, peverkværn || pepper mill
|-
| plag || colt
|-
| plove || plow
|-
| plove med behor || plow with accessories
|-
| porcellæn || porcelain
|-
| prykket || dotted
|-
| pude, puude || pillow
|-
| pudevår || pillowcases
|-
| pynteærmer || interchangable dress sleeves
|-
| pyntetørklæde || decorative scarf
|-
| pyramide, pyramidehylde || pyramid-shaped shelf, used for displaying a household's finest items until abt 1920s-1930s
|}


====Q====
=== Household Items Listed in Probates<br>  ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Q !!
|-
| qveeg, kvæg || cattle
|-
| qvern || mill
|-
| qvie, kvie || heifer
|-
| qvie kalfe || heifer calf
|}


====R====
aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets<br>arbejdsvogn- wagon<br>bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough<br>baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands<br>band- bands<br>baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife<br>becken- brass kettle which held hot coals to heat the bed<br>beester- beasts<br>bench- bench<br>beholder- container<br>benklæder, beenklæder- trousers<br>beslag- brackets, hardware<br>beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood<br>besætningen- herd<br>bilægerkakkelovn- stove<br>bismer- small portable scale<br>blaa, blå- blue<br>blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth<br>blaastribed- blue striped<br>blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp<br>boghylde- bookshelf<br>bor- auger<br>bord- table<br>bornholmer- grandfather clock<br>bryggerkedel- brewing kettle<br>bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat<br>brystdug- vest<br>brændevin- alcohol<br>bukser, buxer- trousers<br>bulle, bol- a short top for women<br>bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax<br>bænk- bench<br>bæster- beasts<br>båbdknif- small chopping knife<br>carter- cards for carding wool<br>driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain<br>dørslag- colander<br>ege, eege- oak<br>egebord- oak table<br>egedragkiste- oak chest<br>egekar oak vat<br>egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock<br>degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading<br>dragkiste- chest<br>drægtig- pregnant (livestock)<br>drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric<br>drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough<br>dug- cloth, tablecloth<br>dyne- quilt, duvet<br>faar- sheep<br>filtes- felted, made of felt<br>fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg<br>fleske olle- meat brining vat<br>forklæde- apron<br>fyrre- pine<br>fyrrebord- pine desk<br>føl, følle- foal<br>får- sheep<br>får med grøde- pregnant sheep<br>garvinde- yarn reel<br>gestlinge- goslings<br>giæs- geese<br>giæs med grøde- geese with goslings<br>glas- glass<br>graa, grå- gray<br>gravspade, grevespade- grave spade<br>greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle<br>grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets<br>gul- yellow<br>grøn- green<br>grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)<br>gæs, giæs- geese<br>gæslinger, geslinge- goslings<br>haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax<br>haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels<br>hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board<br>halskobbel, halskoppel- harness<br>halstørklæde- scarf or muffler<br>hampe- hemp<br>hand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing<br>harve, harver- harrow or cultivator<br>haspe- type of yarn winder<br>hat- hat<br>hauger, haver- removable wagon sides<br>hengeskab- hanging cupboard<br>hest, hæst - horse<br>hestføl- very young foal<br>hestplag- colt<br>himmelseng- poster bed<br>hingst- stallion<br>hingsteføl- very young foal<br>hjørneskab- corner cabinet<br>hoppe- mare<br>hose- hose, knitted long stockings<br>hoveddyne- pillow<br>hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow<br>hue- cap<br>huge block, huggeblok- chopping block<br>hvergarns- linsey-woolsey<br>hvid- white<br>hæst, hest- horse<br>høelee, høle- scythe<br>hør- linen<br>hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen<br>håndklæder-towels<br>ildtag- fire poker<br>jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands<br>jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron<br>jerngryde- iron pot<br>jernpande- iron pan<br>jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.<br>kaabe- cloak<br>kaaber- copper<br>kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat<br>kakkelovn- stove<br>kalfve, kalve- calf<br>kande- jug<br>kappe- cloak<br>kar- vessel, vat<br>karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn<br>karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs<br>kasket- cap<br>kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton<br>keddle, kiedel- kettle<br>kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kierne- churn<br>kiol- mens jacket<br>kiør- cows<br>kjedelskrog- kettle hook<br>kjole- men's formal jacket<br>kjole og hvidt- formal dress<br>kiste- chest<br>klæde kiste- dress chest<br>klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest<br>knapper- buttons<br>kniplinger- lace<br>kniv- knife<br>koe, ko- cow<br>komfur- stove<br>konvolut- cap<br>kopper- copper<br>kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain<br>krave- collar<br>krukke- crock<br>kuvert- hat<br>krave- cows<br>krus- pottery mug<br>kvern- mill<br>kvie, qvie- heifer<br>kviekalve- heifer calf<br>kvæg, qveeg- cattle<br>kærne- churn<br>køer- cows<br>kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap<br>kåbe- cloak<br>jakke- jacket<br>jern- iron, stove<br>jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove<br>lagen- sheet<br>lam, lamb- lamb<br>lehnestoel- armchairs<br>ler- clay<br>leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.<br>lin, liin- linen<br>lyddæmper- muffler<br>lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge<br>læder- leather<br>lædersele- leather harness for a horse<br>lænestol- armchairs<br>løgte- lamp<br>madskab- wooden upright food pantry<br>mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>manglebrædt og stok- roller-clothes press that used a wooden roller<br>malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug<br>malet- painted<br>messing- brass<br>messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed<br>meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn<br>morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)<br>møbler- furniture<br>mønstrede- patterned<br>nattrøye- night shirt<br>naur- auger<br>nederdel- skirt<br>okse- ox<br>olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>olle- oil<br>otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg<br>overdyne- duvet cover<br>ovn- stove<br>pande- pan<br>papir- paper<br>penge- cash<br>peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill<br>plag- colt<br>plove- plow<br>plove med behor- plow with accessories<br>porcellæn- porcelain<br>prykket- dotted<br>pude, puude- pillow<br>pudevår- pillowcases<br>pynteærmer- dress sleeves<br>pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf<br>pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf<br>qveeg, kvæg- cattle<br>qvern- mill<br>qvie, kvie- heifer<br>qvie kalfe- heifer calf<br>rede penge- ready cash<br>redskaber- tools<br>rist- 3-legged grill rack<br>riveiern, rivegern- grater<br>rok- spinning wheel<br>rød- red<br>saks, sax- scissors<br>saltkar- small salt container<br>selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour<br>seletøj- harness for a horse<br>seng- bed<br>sengested- bedstead<br>serker, særke- petticoat<br>siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sigte- sieve<br>sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk<br>sjal- shawl<br>skab- cabinet<br>ske, skeer- spoon, spoons<br>skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container<br>skind- skins, pelts, or leather<br>skindbuxor- buckskin pants<br>skiorte, skjorte- shirt<br>skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench<br>skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed<br>skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph<br>sko, skoe- shoes<br>skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife<br>skørt, skiordt- skirt<br>slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench<br>sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones<br>slæde- sled<br>småsvin- piglets<br>sold- sieve or screen<br>spade- spade or shovel<br>spand- bucket<br>spejl- mirror<br>spinderok- spinning wheel<br>spisebord- dining table<br>spender, spænder- buckles<br>spæde kalve- infant calf<br>stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand<br>standtønder- food storage barrels<br>stander seng- floor bed<br>steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid<br>stegepande- frying pan<br>stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate<br>stie, stige- laddar<br>stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs<br>stort- large<br>stribet- striped<br>strippe- wooden scoop<br>strygejern- an iron<br>strømber, strømper- stockings<br>stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf<br>studlinge- steer calf<br>stueur, stueuhr- clock<br>støvler- boots<br>sviin, svin- pigs<br>sæde- seat<br>tabel- table<br>taburet, taberet- stool<br>taft- taffeta<br>tallerkne, tallerken- plate<br>tavle- table<br>tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bends slightly outward<br>tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood<br>ternet- checkered<br>thepotte- teapot<br>tilbehør- attachments, accessories<br>tin- tin or pewter<br>tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup<br>tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate<br>tragt- funnel<br>trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire<br>tromle- barrel or drum<br>trug- trough<br>træ- wooden<br>træbismer- small portable wooden scale<br>trækar- wooden vessel<br>træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes<br>træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides<br>trøje- sweater<br>tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching<br>tøj- clothes<br>tønde- barrel<br>tørklæde- head scarf<br>tørvespade- peat spade<br>ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany<br>underkjole- petticoat<br>underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side <br>ungsvin- young pig<br>vaar, vår- pillowcases<br>vadmel- homespun<br>vandspand- water bucket<br>vanter- mittens<br>vest- vest<br>vin- wine<br>vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room<br>vogn- wagon<br>vraaskab- corner cabinet<br>vugge- crib<br>væder, vædder- ram<br>vægge- wedge<br>ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves which were interchangable with different vests<br>øl, ølle- ale, beer<br>øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher<br>øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles<br>øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles<br>øxe, økse- ax<br>
{| class="wikitable"
! R !!
|-
| rede penge || ready cash
|-
| redskaber || tools
|-
| rist || 3-legged grill rack
|-
| riveiern, rivegern || grater
|-
| roekniv || beet knife
|-
| rok || spinning wheel
|-
| rød || red
|}


====S====
=== Web Sites  ===
{| class="wikitable"
! S !!
|-
| saks, sax || scissors
|-
| saltkar || small salt container
|-
| selde || flat straw basket for sifting flour
|-
| seletøj || harness for a horse
|-
| seng || bed
|-
| sengested || bedstead
|-
| serker, særke || petticoat
|-
| siebøtte || wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
|-
| sigte || sieve
|-
| sikar || wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
|-
| sjal || shawl
|-
| skab || cabinet
|-
| ske, skeer || spoon, spoons
|-
| skieppe, skæppe || 20-liter container
|-
| skind || skins, pelts, or leather
|-
| skindbuxor || buckskin pants
|-
| skiorte, skjorte || shirt
|-
| skiær, skære bænk || cutting bench, workbench
|-
| skiære kiiste, skærekiste || "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed
|-
| skielderier, skilderier || painting or photgraph
|-
| sko, skoe || shoes
|-
| skæppemål || bushel measure; abt 1/8 of a grain barrel, or about 17 liters
|-
| skære (skiær) bænk og kniv || cutting table and knife
|-
| skørt, skiordt || skirt
|-
| slagbenk, slagbænk || daybed, bench
|-
| sliibe steen, slibesten || grindstones
|-
| slæde || sled
|-
| småsvin || piglets
|-
| snittebænk | cutting bench, work bench
|-
| sold || sieve or screen
|-
| spade || spade or shovel
|-
| spand || bucket
|-
| spejl || mirror
|-
| spinderok || spinning wheel
|-
| spisebord || dining table
|-
| spiserkammer || pantry
|-
| spender, spænder || buckles
|-
| spæde kalve || infant calf
|-
| stager || candlesticks, usually with a stand
|-
| stampekærne || butter/cream churn
|-
| standtønder || food storage barrels
|-
| stander seng || floor bed
|-
| steen kruuse med laag || tea mug with lid
|-
| stegepande || frying pan
|-
| stenform || brick mold
|-
| stettins tallerken || tin-enameled plate
|-
| stie, stige || laddar
|-
| stol, stoele, stole || chair, chairs
|-
| stort || large, high
|-
| stribet || striped
|-
| strippe || wooden scoop
|-
| strygejern || an iron, typically used on smaller items; early irons were made of brass, 18th/19th century irons were made of cast iron
|-
| strømber, strømper || stockings
|-
| stud kalv, studekalv || steer calf
|-
| studlinge || steer calf
|-
| stueur, stueuhr || clock
|-
| støvler || boots
|-
| sukkertang || sugar cutter
|-
| sulekammer || larder
|-
| sviin, svin || pigs
|-
| sæde || seat
|}


====T====
*http://www.telusplanet.net/public/mtoll/denmark.htm
{| class="wikitable"
*[http://aurelia-clemons.dk aurelia-clemons.dk]&nbsp;Probate extractions for many areas of Denmark - complete film done, NOT just those related to me, a &nbsp;given surname or area.
! T !!
|-
| tabel || table
|-
| taburet, taberet || stool
|-
| taft || taffeta
|-
| tallerkne, tallerken || plate
|-
| tavle || table
|-
| tel økse, tælleøkse || small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bent slightly outward
|-
| tengsel || small ax for hollowing out wood
|-
| ternet || checkered
|-
| thepotte || teapot
|-
| tilbehør || attachments, accessories
|-
| tin || tin or pewter
|-
| tinkrus, tinkruus || tin cup
|-
| tintalerkener || tin or pewter plate
|-
| tragt || funnel
|-
| trefoder || tripod for placing cookware over a fire
|-
| tromle || barrel or drum
|-
| tronestole || throne (chair)
|-
| trug || trough
|-
| træ || wooden
|-
| træbismer || small portable wooden scale
|-
| trækar || wooden container
|-
| træskoe, træsko || wooden shoes
|-
| træhaver, træe haver || wooden extensions for wagon sides
|-
| trøje || sweater
|-
| tækkelad || a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching
|-
| tøj || clothes
|-
| tønde || barrel
|-
| tørklæde || head scarf
|-
| tørvespade || peat spade
|}


====U====
== References  ==
{| class="wikitable"
! U !!
|-
| ulmerdug, olmerdug || striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
|-
| underkjole || petticoat
|-
| underdyne || type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side
|-
| ungsvin || young pig
|}


====V/W====
<br>
{| class="wikitable"
! V !!
|-
| vaar, vår || pillowcases
|-
| vadmel || homespun
|-
| valkebræt || fulling board; used to full newly-knitted cloth, making it stronger
|-
| vandspand || water bucket
|-
| vanter || mittens
|-
| vaskebræt || washboard
|-
| vest || vest
|-
| vin || wine
|-
| vindovn || stove with combustion door facing the living room
|-
| vogn || wagon
|-
| vraaskab || corner cabinet
|-
| vugge || crib
|-
| væder, vædder || ram
|-
| vægge || wedge
|-
| vægskab || wall cabinet; lock placed near the end where the man would sit at the table, contained important items such as tobacco, money, papers, etc.
|}


====Æ====
{{Place|Denmark}}  
{| class="wikitable"
! Æ !!
|-
| ærmer ||  loose, dressy sleeves which were interchangable with different vests
|}


====Ø====
[[Category:Denmark|Probate]]
{| class="wikitable"
! Ø !!
|-
| øl, ølle || ale, beer
|-
| ølanker || beer barrel
|-
| øldunk || beer jug
|-
| ølflaske || beer bottle
|-
| øl kande, ølkande || beer jug or pitcher
|-
| øltragt, ølle tragt || funnel for pouring beer into bottles
|-
| øreballie, ørebalje || wooden tub with ear-shaped handles
|-
| øxe, økse || ax
|}
[[Category:Denmark Probate Records]][[Category:Denmark Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Denmark]][[Category:Probate Records]]

Revision as of 16:43, 7 June 2014

Denmark Gotoarrow.png Probate Records

Probate records are court records that describe the distribution of a person's estate after death. Information in the records may include the death date, names of heirs and guardians, relationships, residences, an inventory of the estate, and names of witnesses.

These records are very helpful for research because in many areas the authorities began recording probate actions before birth and death records.

Probate records were not created for every person who died. The probate law of 1683 stated that probate was necessary if a parent died and left children that were not of age (age 25). Often an estate was probated even if the children were of age.

Although probate records are one of the most accurate sources of genealogical information, the relationships noted in the records may not always have the same meaning today. For instance, a brother-in-law may be recorded as a brother, because legally that made no difference.

From the fourteenth century in Denmark, the foged (bailiff) was responsible for law enforcement in his bailiwick. Late in the sixteenth century the sorenskriver (scribe) in the bailiff's office was appointed to take care of probate cases and prepare the legal documents in connection with the probate. Later the title of sorenskriver took on the meaning of probate judge.

You Can Use this Record to Find...

The Probate Process[edit | edit source]

Before 1683, probate records were often part of the general court records. The probate process began when the authorities were notified of a death. Thirty days after notification, the authorities held a registration of the estate at the home of the deceased. If the deceased was a parent, the surviving spouse and all children still living at home were to be present. All heirs not living in the parish were allowed a certain time to present themselves to the court. The time allowed was based on how far they had to travel. If a widow was pregnant when her husband died, she had the right to keep possession until after the child's birth. All guardians had to be present when the estate was divided.

The probate document was signed by all heirs or their guardians and by the probating authority.

No widower or widow could remarry before the estate had been settled in probate. However, a surviving spouse could receive permission from the court to live in an unprobated estate [uskiftet bo]. Under this provision, there could be no distribution of inheritance to the heirs unless the surviving spouse remarried, died, or requested a distribution.

All legal heirs who could not manage their own affairs were to have a guardian appointed in their behalf. The law stated that the child's closest relatives were to be appointed guardian, the father's relatives first, then the mother's. If no relatives were available, then the court appointed a guardian. A widow could choose her own guardian subject to the court's approval.

Records of guardianship may be kept separately from other probate papers, or a different court may have jurisdiction over guardianship.

To view records examples of skifteprotokollerne (administrations of estates) with translations click here.

The Availability of Probate Records[edit | edit source]

Before the 1683 law, probate was held only when there were problems in dividing an estate. After 1683 the probate records are separate from the other court records and handled by the probate judge.

Probate records for clergy, schoolteachers, and military officers were often kept separate from the regular probate jurisdiction. Church officials would conduct probate for a priest or a schoolteacher, and a commanding officer for a military officer.

The Family History Library has an excellent collection of probate records from many areas of Denmark. These are listed in the catalog under DENMARK, COUNTY, PARISH - PROBATE RECORDS. Most records have separate name indexes in either the beginning or the end of the record. Also check the catalog under DENMARK, [COUNTY], [HERRED] - PROBATE RECORDS.

Guardianship Records [Overformynderiprotokoller][edit | edit source]

Guardianship records are a good supplement to the probate records. Their use is twofold. First, they replace missing probate records. Second, they provide information concerning a minor's later destiny.

The guardianship record usually has the following information:

  • Name of the ward or minor.
  • Sometimes age or birth date.
  • Date on which the inheritance was paid to the court and the estate reference involved. (If the inheritance comes from one or several sources, each document is referred to with the amount.)
  • Name of guardian and residence.
  • Date on which the inheritance is paid to the ward or minor.
  • Status of the ward at the time the inheritance is paid, indicating a place of residence if different from the original probate record.

Language of Probates[edit | edit source]

Like many other subjects, probates use certain words, phrases, and abbreviations. Unless these words are known, it can be difficult to decipher a probate record. Following is a list of common words, phrases, and abbreviations used in probate records.

Danish English
Afdøde/Afgange deceased/departed
Aftægtsmand/kone A retired man/wife being supported by the new owner of their farm (usually a child)
Arv/Arvinger/Arve afgift/Arve attest Inheritance/heirs/inheritance tax/
Arvesummen the sum of the inheritance
Aar gl. Years old
Boet the house
En Broderlod a brother's share of an inheritance (this could be used when talking about a son (having a share with his brothers and sisters) or the deceased's brother)
Boslod/Lodseddel Certificate for a share or lot
Byfogeden The city baliff
Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller Starting in 1792, all deceased had to be reported to the local probate authorities, whether they were to be probated or not. The reports of the deceased became a compiled record called the Dødsanmeldelsesprotokoller.
Dødsfald death
Efterlade/Efterladte/Efterlevende  to leave behind/ the bereaved/the survivors
Ejendele/ Ejer (at ejer)/Ejendom Possessions/owns (to own)/Property
Eksekutorskifte
En Enke/Enkemand Widow/widower
Formynder Guardian
Forseglingsprotokoller
Gift Married
Halvdelen A half/a portion
Herred the Court District
Hvidebøger “White Books”; a record of those deceased in Copenhagen that did not have an official probate
Indtægt Income/revenue/profit
Jordseddel A Jordseddel or a Muldseddel were certificates or confirmations from the Probate authorities to the deceased’s priest, that they had received notification and registered the death. The priest was not allowed to bury the dead until the probate authorities had received such notification.
Kammerjunker Gentleman(?)
Kommissarieskifte
Kongen The King
Kurator
Lavværge (can also be spelled Lauværge) A widow’s guardian who would be present with her during her deceased husband’s probate. Widows had the privilege to choose their own Guardian, which normally was one of her brothers.
Lodseddel/boslod
Mark Former Danish monetary unit. Worth less than a Rigsdaller but more than a skilling
Mindreaarige Under age
Muldseddel See Jordseddel
Myndige/ Myndigheds alderen ”of age.” When children were considered adults. The age varied throughout Denmark but on average 15-18 years (considered mindreårige 18-25 years) for men. Women were never recognized as “of age” until 1857, and always had a guardian appointed to them. After 1857, the “of age” age for single women was the same as men. In 1922, everyone was considered “of age” when they turned 21 years old, and today the age is 18.
Myndigesluttet
m.f.P. Abbreviation meaning “med ført Pen,” or “with guided pen.” This abbreviation usually appears under the signatures of those witnessing the probate, who either could not write or just needed help with writing.
m.p.P. Abbreviation meaning “med påholden Pen,” or “with guided pen”. See “m.f.P.”
Overformynderiet Guardianship records
Værge Guardian



En pige
A girl
Rd(l), Rigsdaller
Former Danish monetary unit. Worth more than a mark or a skilling
Registeringsprotokoller

Samfrænder/smafrændeskifte

Skiftet/Skifter
Probate/Probates
Skiftebrande

Skiftebrevet
Probate letter
Skiftedesignationer

Skifteforvalteren

Skilling
Former Danish monetary unit. Worth less than a Rigsdaller or a skilling
En Søsterlod

Tømmermand
Carpenter
Udarvinger

Udarvs skifter

Udgivt

Umyndige
A minor (children under 18; see Myndige/Myndigheds alder)
Vidner
Witnesses
Vitterlighedsvidner

Vurderingsmænd

Værge
Guardian. All minors (umyndige) were appointed a guardian, after a parents death, to represent them throughout the probate process. The Guardian appointed was typically the father’s eldest brother (if the father had died), or the father himself (if the mother had died). By law, the guardian must be from the father’s side unless there were no living male relatives of the father, in which case the guardian would be from the mother’s male relatives.

Household and Farm Items Often Listed in Probates
[edit | edit source]

A
aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets
arbejdsvogn- wagon

B
bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough
baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands
band- bands
baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife
becken, bækken- pan containing hot coals to heat the bed
beester- beasts
bench- bench
beholder- container
benklæder, beenklæder- trousers
beslag- brackets, hardware
beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood
besætningen- herd
bilægerkakkelovn- stove
bismer- small portable scale
blaa, blå- blue
blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth
blaastribed- blue striped
blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp
boghylde- bookshelf
bor- auger
bord- table
bornholmer- grandfather clock
bryggerkedel- brewing kettle
bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat
brystdug- vest
brændevin- alcohol
bukser, buxer- trousers
bulle, bol- a short top for women
bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax
bænk- bench
bæster- beasts
båbdknif- small chopping knife

C
carter- cards for carding wool

D
degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading
dragkiste- chest of drawers
drejels, dreeils- hinge, pivot
driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain
dug- cloth, tablecloth
dyne- quilt, duvet
dørslag- colander
dørslag- colander

E
ege, eege- oak
egebord- oak table
egedragkiste- oak chest
egekar oak vat
egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock
degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading
dragkiste- chest
drægtig- pregnant (livestock)
drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric
drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough
dug- cloth, tablecloth
dyne- quilt, duvet

F
faar- sheep
filtes- felted, made of felt
fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg
fleske olle- meat brining vat
forklæde- apron
fyrre- pine
fyrrebord- pine desk
føl, følle- foal
får- sheep
får med grøde- pregnant sheep

G
garvinde- yarn reel
gestlinge- goslings
giæs- geese
giæs med grøde- geese with goslings
glas- glass
graa, grå- gray
gravspade, grevespade- grave spade
greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle
grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets
gryde- pot
gul- yellow
grøn- green
grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)
gæs, giæs- geese
gæslinger, geslinge- goslings

H
haand qvern, håndkværn- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax
haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels
hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board
halskobbel, halskoppel- horse harness
halstørklæde- scarf or muffler
hampe- hemp
hand qvern- hand mill
haspe- type of yarn winder
hat- hat
hauger, haver- removable wagon sides
hempharve, harver- harrow or cultivator
hengeskab- hanging cupboard
hest, hæst - horse
hestføl- very young foal
hestplag- colt
himmelseng- poster bed
hingst- stallion
hingsteføl- very young foal
hjørneskab- corner cabinet
hoppe- mare
hose- hose, knitted long stockings
hoveddyne- pillow
hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow
hue- cap
huge block, huggeblok- chopping block
hvergarns- linsey-woolsey
hvid- white
hæst, hest- horse
høelee, høle- scythe
hør- linen
hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen
håndklæder-towels
håndkværn, haand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing

I
ildtag- fire poker

J
jakke- jacket
jern- iron, stove
jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove
jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands
jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron
jerngryde- iron pot
jernpande- iron pan
jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.

K
kaabe- cloak
kaaber- copper
kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat
kakkelovn- stove
kalfve, kalve- calf
kande- jug
kappe- cloak
kar- vessel, vat
karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn
karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs
kasket- cap
kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton
keddle, kiedel- kettle
kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kierne- churn
kiol- mens formal jacket
kiør- cows
kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kjole- men's formal jacket
kjole og hvidt- women's formal dress
kiste- chest
klæde kiste- dress chest
klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest
knapper- buttons
kniplinger- lace
kniv- knife
koe, ko- cow
komfur- stove
konvolut- cap
kopper- copper
kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain
krave- collar
krukke- crock
kuvert- hat
krave- cows
krus- pottery mug
kvern- mill
kvie, qvie- heifer
kviekalve- heifer calf
kvæg, qveeg- cattle
kærne- churn
køer- cows
kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap
kåbe- cloak

L

lagen- sheet
lam, lamb- lamb
lehnestoel, lænestol- armchairs
ler- clay
leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.
lin, liin- linen
lyddæmper- muffler
lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge
læder- leather
lædersele- leather harness for a horse
lænestol, lehnestoel- armchairs
løgte- lamp

M
madskab- wooden upright food pantry
mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller
manglebrædt og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller
malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug
malet- painted
messing- brass
messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed
meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn
morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)
møbler- furniture
mønstrede- patterned

N
nattrøye- night shirt
naur- auger
nederdel- skirt

O
okse- ox
olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
olle- oil
otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg
overdyne- duvet cover
ovn- stove

P
pande- pan
papir- paper
penge- cash
peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill
plag- colt
plove- plow
plove med behor- plow with accessories
porcellæn- porcelain
prykket- dotted
pude, puude- pillow
pudevår- pillowcases
pynteærmer- interchangable dress sleeves
pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf
pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf

Q
qveeg, kvæg- cattle
qvern- mill
qvie, kvie- heifer
qvie kalfe- heifer calf

R
rede penge- ready cash
redskaber- tools
rist- 3-legged grill rack
riveiern, rivegern- grater
rok- spinning wheel
rød- red

S
saks, sax- scissors
saltkar- small salt container
selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour
seletøj- harness for a horse
seng- bed
sengested- bedstead
serker, særke- petticoat
siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sigte- sieve
sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sjal- shawl
skab- cabinet
ske, skeer- spoon, spoons
skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container
skind- skins, pelts, or leather
skindbuxor- buckskin pants
skiorte, skjorte- shirt
skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench
skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed
skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph
sko, skoe- shoes
skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife
skørt, skiordt- skirt
slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench
sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones
slæde- sled
småsvin- piglets
sold- sieve or screen
spade- spade or shovel
spand- bucket
spejl- mirror
spinderok- spinning wheel
spisebord- dining table
spender, spænder- buckles
spæde kalve- infant calf
stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand
standtønder- food storage barrels
stander seng- floor bed
steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid
stegepande- frying pan
stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate
stie, stige- laddar
stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs
stort- large, high
stribet- striped
strippe- wooden scoop
strygejern- an iron
strømber, strømper- stockings
stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf
studlinge- steer calf
stueur, stueuhr- clock
støvler- boots
sviin, svin- pigs
sæde- seat

T
tabel- table
taburet, taberet- stool
taft- taffeta
tallerkne, tallerken- plate
tavle- table
tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bent slightly outward
tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood
ternet- checkered
thepotte- teapot
tilbehør- attachments, accessories
tin- tin or pewter
tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup
tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate
tragt- funnel
trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire
tromle- barrel or drum
trug- trough
træ- wooden
træbismer- small portable wooden scale
trækar- wooden container
træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes
træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides
trøje- sweater
tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching
tøj- clothes
tønde- barrel
tørklæde- head scarf
tørvespade- peat spade

U
ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
underkjole- petticoat
underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side
ungsvin- young pig

V
vaar, vår- pillowcases
vadmel- homespun
vandspand- water bucket
vanter- mittens
vest- vest
vin- wine
vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room
vogn- wagon
vraaskab- corner cabinet
vugge- crib
væder, vædder- ram
vægge- wedge

Æ
ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves which were interchangable with different vests

Ø
øl, ølle- ale, beer
ølflaske- beer bottle
øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher
øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles
øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles
øxe, økse- ax

Household and Farm Items Listed in Probates
[edit | edit source]

aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets
arbejdsvogn- wagon
bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough
baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands
band- bands
baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife
becken- brass pan containing hot coals to heat the bed
beester- beasts
bench- bench
beholder- container
benklæder, beenklæder- trousers
beslag- brackets, hardware
beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood
besætningen- herd
bilægerkakkelovn- stove
bismer- small portable scale
blaa, blå- blue
blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth
blaastribed- blue striped
blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp
boghylde- bookshelf
bor- auger
bord- table
bornholmer- grandfather clock
bryggerkedel- brewing kettle
bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat
brystdug- vest
brændevin- alcohol
bukser, buxer- trousers
bulle, bol- a short top for women
bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax
bænk- bench
bæster- beasts
båbdknif- small chopping knife
carter- cards for carding wool
driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain
dørslag- colander
ege, eege- oak
egebord- oak table
egedragkiste- oak chest
egekar oak vat
egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock
degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading
dragkiste- chest
drægtig- pregnant (livestock)
drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric
drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough
dug- cloth, tablecloth
dyne- quilt, duvet
faar- sheep
filtes- felted, made of felt
fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg
fleske olle- meat brining vat
forklæde- apron
fyrre- pine
fyrrebord- pine desk
føl, følle- foal
får- sheep
får med grøde- pregnant sheep
garvinde- yarn reel
gestlinge- goslings
giæs- geese
giæs med grøde- geese with goslings
glas- glass
graa, grå- gray
gravspade, grevespade- grave spade
greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle
grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets
gul- yellow
grøn- green
grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)
gæs, giæs- geese
gæslinger, geslinge- goslings
haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax
haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels
hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board
halskobbel, halskoppel- harness
halstørklæde- scarf or muffler
hampe- hemp
hand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
harve, harver- harrow or cultivator
haspe- type of yarn winder
hat- hat
hauger, haver- removable wagon sides
hengeskab- hanging cupboard
hest, hæst - horse
hestføl- very young foal
hestplag- colt
himmelseng- poster bed
hingst- stallion
hingsteføl- very young foal
hjørneskab- corner cabinet
hoppe- mare
hose- hose, knitted long stockings
hoveddyne- pillow
hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow
hue- cap
huge block, huggeblok- chopping block
hvergarns- linsey-woolsey
hvid- white
hæst, hest- horse
høelee, høle- scythe
hør- linen
hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen
håndklæder-towels
ildtag- fire poker
jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands
jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron
jerngryde- iron pot
jernpande- iron pan
jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.
kaabe- cloak
kaaber- copper
kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat
kakkelovn- stove
kalfve, kalve- calf
kande- jug
kappe- cloak
kar- vessel, vat
karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn
karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs
kasket- cap
kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton
keddle, kiedel- kettle
kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kierne- churn
kiol- mens jacket
kiør- cows
kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kjole- men's formal jacket
kjole og hvidt- formal dress
kiste- chest
klæde kiste- dress chest
klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest
knapper- buttons
kniplinger- lace
kniv- knife
koe, ko- cow
komfur- stove
konvolut- cap
kopper- copper
kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain
krave- collar
krukke- crock
kuvert- hat
krave- cows
krus- pottery mug
kvern- mill
kvie, qvie- heifer
kviekalve- heifer calf
kvæg, qveeg- cattle
kærne- churn
køer- cows
kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap
kåbe- cloak
jakke- jacket
jern- iron, stove
jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove
lagen- sheet
lam, lamb- lamb
lehnestoel- armchairs
ler- clay
leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.
lin, liin- linen
lyddæmper- muffler
lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge
læder- leather
lædersele- leather harness for a horse
lænestol- armchairs
løgte- lamp
madskab- wooden upright food pantry
mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller
manglebrædt og stok- roller-clothes press that used a wooden roller
malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug
malet- painted
messing- brass
messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed
meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn
morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)
møbler- furniture
mønstrede- patterned
nattrøye- night shirt
naur- auger
nederdel- skirt
okse- ox
olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
olle- oil
otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg
overdyne- duvet cover
ovn- stove
pande- pan
papir- paper
penge- cash
peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill
plag- colt
plove- plow
plove med behor- plow with accessories
porcellæn- porcelain
prykket- dotted
pude, puude- pillow
pudevår- pillowcases
pynteærmer- dress sleeves
pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf
pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf
qveeg, kvæg- cattle
qvern- mill
qvie, kvie- heifer
qvie kalfe- heifer calf
rede penge- ready cash
redskaber- tools
rist- 3-legged grill rack
riveiern, rivegern- grater
rok- spinning wheel
rød- red
saks, sax- scissors
saltkar- small salt container
selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour
seletøj- harness for a horse
seng- bed
sengested- bedstead
serker, særke- petticoat
siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sigte- sieve
sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sjal- shawl
skab- cabinet
ske, skeer- spoon, spoons
skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container
skind- skins, pelts, or leather
skindbuxor- buckskin pants
skiorte, skjorte- shirt
skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench
skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed
skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph
sko, skoe- shoes
skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife
skørt, skiordt- skirt
slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench
sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones
slæde- sled
småsvin- piglets
sold- sieve or screen
spade- spade or shovel
spand- bucket
spejl- mirror
spinderok- spinning wheel
spisebord- dining table
spender, spænder- buckles
spæde kalve- infant calf
stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand
standtønder- food storage barrels
stander seng- floor bed
steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid
stegepande- frying pan
stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate
stie, stige- laddar
stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs
stort- large
stribet- striped
strippe- wooden scoop
strygejern- an iron
strømber, strømper- stockings
stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf
studlinge- steer calf
stueur, stueuhr- clock
støvler- boots
sviin, svin- pigs
sæde- seat
tabel- table
taburet, taberet- stool
taft- taffeta
tallerkne, tallerken- plate
tavle- table
tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bends slightly outward
tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood
ternet- checkered
thepotte- teapot
tilbehør- attachments, accessories
tin- tin or pewter
tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup
tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate
tragt- funnel
trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire
tromle- barrel or drum
trug- trough
træ- wooden
træbismer- small portable wooden scale
trækar- wooden vessel
træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes
træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides
trøje- sweater
tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching
tøj- clothes
tønde- barrel
tørklæde- head scarf
tørvespade- peat spade
ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
underkjole- petticoat
underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side
ungsvin- young pig
vaar, vår- pillowcases
vadmel- homespun
vandspand- water bucket
vanter- mittens
vest- vest
vin- wine
vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room
vogn- wagon
vraaskab- corner cabinet
vugge- crib
væder, vædder- ram
vægge- wedge
ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves wgich were interchangable with different vests
øl, ølle- ale, beer
øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher
øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles
øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles
øxe, økse- ax

Household Items Listed in Probates
[edit | edit source]

aag, åg- shoulder yoke for carrying buckets
arbejdsvogn- wagon
bagetrug- bakers trough for kneading dough
baller, baljer, ballie, balge med jernbånd- wooden tub with iron bands
band- bands
baandknif, båndkniv- small chopping knife
becken- brass kettle which held hot coals to heat the bed
beester- beasts
bench- bench
beholder- container
benklæder, beenklæder- trousers
beslag- brackets, hardware
beslagen vogn- wagon with metal brackets, not entirely of wood
besætningen- herd
bilægerkakkelovn- stove
bismer- small portable scale
blaa, blå- blue
blaargarns, blårgarns- wool or linen cloth
blaastribed- blue striped
blick, blech lygte- small portable tin lamp
boghylde- bookshelf
bor- auger
bord- table
bornholmer- grandfather clock
bryggerkedel- brewing kettle
bryggkar, bryggekar- brewing vat
brystdug- vest
brændevin- alcohol
bukser, buxer- trousers
bulle, bol- a short top for women
bul øxe, buløkse- forest ax
bænk- bench
bæster- beasts
båbdknif- small chopping knife
carter- cards for carding wool
driftetrug, drøftetrug- low, open basket with handle which was used for cleaning grain
dørslag- colander
ege, eege- oak
egebord- oak table
egedragkiste- oak chest
egekar oak vat
egeskrin- keepsake box, sometimes with a lock
degntrug- wooden trough for bread kneading
dragkiste- chest
drægtig- pregnant (livestock)
drejels, dreeils- finer type fabric
drifte trug, drøfte trug- grain cleaning trough
dug- cloth, tablecloth
dyne- quilt, duvet
faar- sheep
filtes- felted, made of felt
fierding- a tub that can hold 25 kg
fleske olle- meat brining vat
forklæde- apron
fyrre- pine
fyrrebord- pine desk
føl, følle- foal
får- sheep
får med grøde- pregnant sheep
garvinde- yarn reel
gestlinge- goslings
giæs- geese
giæs med grøde- geese with goslings
glas- glass
graa, grå- gray
gravspade, grevespade- grave spade
greeb, greb- grip, lever, handle
grise, grisse- pigsgryde- piglets
gul- yellow
grøn- green
grøde- pregnant or with eggs (livestock)
gæs, giæs- geese
gæslinger, geslinge- goslings
haandøxe, håndøkse- hand ax
haankattunsklæder, håndklæder-towels
hakkebret, hakkebræt- chopping board
halskobbel, halskoppel- harness
halstørklæde- scarf or muffler
hampe- hemp
hand qvern- hand mill, often used to grind malt for beer brewing
harve, harver- harrow or cultivator
haspe- type of yarn winder
hat- hat
hauger, haver- removable wagon sides
hengeskab- hanging cupboard
hest, hæst - horse
hestføl- very young foal
hestplag- colt
himmelseng- poster bed
hingst- stallion
hingsteføl- very young foal
hjørneskab- corner cabinet
hoppe- mare
hose- hose, knitted long stockings
hoveddyne- pillow
hovedpude, hoved pude- pillow
hue- cap
huge block, huggeblok- chopping block
hvergarns- linsey-woolsey
hvid- white
hæst, hest- horse
høelee, høle- scythe
hør- linen
hørlærritz, hørlærred- made of linen
håndklæder-towels
ildtag- fire poker
jernbaand, jernbånd- iron bands
jernbismer- small portable scale made of iron
jerngryde- iron pot
jernpande- iron pan
jern vægge- iron wedge for wood splitting, etc.
kaabe- cloak
kaaber- copper
kaarsklæder- light, usually fitted, scarf to put over a woman's hat
kakkelovn- stove
kalfve, kalve- calf
kande- jug
kappe- cloak
kar- vessel, vat
karter- wool carders, a flat brush for straightening wool strands before spinning them into yarn
karstol- three-legged stool or stand for holding vats and tubs
kasket- cap
kartuns, kattuns- made of cotton
keddle, kiedel- kettle
kedelkrog, kedelskrog, kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kierne- churn
kiol- mens jacket
kiør- cows
kjedelskrog- kettle hook
kjole- men's formal jacket
kjole og hvidt- formal dress
kiste- chest
klæde kiste- dress chest
klæde skab- wardrobe, upright clothes chest
knapper- buttons
kniplinger- lace
kniv- knife
koe, ko- cow
komfur- stove
konvolut- cap
kopper- copper
kornharpe- type of upright sieve machine for cleaning grain
krave- collar
krukke- crock
kuvert- hat
krave- cows
krus- pottery mug
kvern- mill
kvie, qvie- heifer
kviekalve- heifer calf
kvæg, qveeg- cattle
kærne- churn
køer- cows
kørekappe- driving jacket, cloak, or cap
kåbe- cloak
jakke- jacket
jern- iron, stove
jernbilæggerkakkelovn- stove
lagen- sheet
lam, lamb- lamb
lehnestoel- armchairs
ler- clay
leerfad, lerfad- pottery dish, plate, cup, etc.
lin, liin- linen
lyddæmper- muffler
lysesaks, lyse sax- candle snuffer with a scissor-like hinge
læder- leather
lædersele- leather harness for a horse
lænestol- armchairs
løgte- lamp
madskab- wooden upright food pantry
mangle fiel og stok- clothes press that used a wooden roller
manglebrædt og stok- roller-clothes press that used a wooden roller
malkekande, mælkekande- milk jug
malet- painted
messing- brass
messingbækken- brass pan which held hot coals to heat the bed
meye or meje jern, mejetøj, mejered- iron tool for harvesting corn
morter- mortar (for use with pestle for grinding)
møbler- furniture
mønstrede- patterned
nattrøye- night shirt
naur- auger
nederdel- skirt
okse- ox
olmerdug, ulmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
olle- oil
otting- container that held an exact measurement of 12.5 kg
overdyne- duvet cover
ovn- stove
pande- pan
papir- paper
penge- cash
peber qvern, peverkværn- pepper mill
plag- colt
plove- plow
plove med behor- plow with accessories
porcellæn- porcelain
prykket- dotted
pude, puude- pillow
pudevår- pillowcases
pynteærmer- dress sleeves
pyntetørklæde- decorative scarf
pyramide- pyramid-shaped shelf
qveeg, kvæg- cattle
qvern- mill
qvie, kvie- heifer
qvie kalfe- heifer calf
rede penge- ready cash
redskaber- tools
rist- 3-legged grill rack
riveiern, rivegern- grater
rok- spinning wheel
rød- red
saks, sax- scissors
saltkar- small salt container
selde- flat straw basket for sifting flour
seletøj- harness for a horse
seng- bed
sengested- bedstead
serker, særke- petticoat
siebøtte- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sigte- sieve
sikar- wooden bowl with a cloth in the bottom for straining milk
sjal- shawl
skab- cabinet
ske, skeer- spoon, spoons
skieppe, skæppe- 20-liter container
skind- skins, pelts, or leather
skindbuxor- buckskin pants
skiorte, skjorte- shirt
skiær, skære bænk- cutting bench, workbench
skiære kiiste, skærekiste- "cutting chest", or chest holding mounted tools which were used for cutting animal feed
skielderier, skilderier- painting or photgraph
sko, skoe- shoes
skære (skiær) bænk og kniv- cutting table and knife
skørt, skiordt- skirt
slagbenk, slagbænk- daybed, bench
sliibe steen, slibesten- grindstones
slæde- sled
småsvin- piglets
sold- sieve or screen
spade- spade or shovel
spand- bucket
spejl- mirror
spinderok- spinning wheel
spisebord- dining table
spender, spænder- buckles
spæde kalve- infant calf
stager- candlesticks, usually with a stand
standtønder- food storage barrels
stander seng- floor bed
steen kruuse med laag- tea mug with lid
stegepande- frying pan
stettins tallerken- tin-enameled plate
stie, stige- laddar
stol, stoele, stole- chair, chairs
stort- large
stribet- striped
strippe- wooden scoop
strygejern- an iron
strømber, strømper- stockings
stud kalv, studekalv- steer calf
studlinge- steer calf
stueur, stueuhr- clock
støvler- boots
sviin, svin- pigs
sæde- seat
tabel- table
taburet, taberet- stool
taft- taffeta
tallerkne, tallerken- plate
tavle- table
tel økse, tælleøkse- small ax with a broad blade and a shaft that bends slightly outward
tengsel- small ax for hollowing out wood
ternet- checkered
thepotte- teapot
tilbehør- attachments, accessories
tin- tin or pewter
tinkrus, tinkruus- tin cup
tintalerkener- tin or pewter plate
tragt- funnel
trefoder- tripod for placing cookware over a fire
tromle- barrel or drum
trug- trough
træ- wooden
træbismer- small portable wooden scale
trækar- wooden vessel
træskoe, træsko- wooden shoes
træhaver, træe haver- wooden extensions for wagon sides
trøje- sweater
tækkelad- a kind of wide ladder which can be hung below the roof thatching
tøj- clothes
tønde- barrel
tørklæde- head scarf
tørvespade- peat spade
ulmerdug, olmerdug- striped fabric made in Olmer, Germany
underkjole- petticoat
underdyne- type of quilt where a person lies on one side and covers themselves with the other side
ungsvin- young pig
vaar, vår- pillowcases
vadmel- homespun
vandspand- water bucket
vanter- mittens
vest- vest
vin- wine
vindovn- stove with combustion door facing the living room
vogn- wagon
vraaskab- corner cabinet
vugge- crib
væder, vædder- ram
vægge- wedge
ærmer- loose, dressy sleeves which were interchangable with different vests
øl, ølle- ale, beer
øl kande, ølkande- beer jug or pitcher
øltragt, ølle tragt- funnel for pouring beer into bottles
øreballie, ørebalje- wooden tub with ear-shaped handles
øxe, økse- ax

Web Sites[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


v • d• e
Links to Denmark-related articles
Retrieved from "https://integration-ru.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Denmark_Probate_Records&oldid=1750750"