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A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was. | A census is a count and description of the population of an area. When available, census records can provide names, ages, occupations, marital statuses, birthplaces, and family members' relationships. Censuses can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list only selected people for a special reason (such as males between the ages of 16 and 45 for military purposes) or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was. | ||
[[Image:Royal Avenue Belfast.jpg|thumb|right|300px | [[Image:Royal Avenue Belfast.jpg|thumb|right|300px]] | ||
== Purposes for Taking a Census == | == Purposes for Taking a Census == | ||
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Government censuses of the population are particularly valuable because they list nearly all the population at a given time. The Irish government took a census in 1813 (which no longer exists), then every ten years from 1821 through 1911. Due to the Irish Civil War of 1921-22, another census was not taken until 1926. The next census was taken in 1936. Starting in 1946, censuses were taken every five years through 1971. Since 1971, censuses have been taken every ten years. | Government censuses of the population are particularly valuable because they list nearly all the population at a given time. The Irish government took a census in 1813 (which no longer exists), then every ten years from 1821 through 1911. Due to the Irish Civil War of 1921-22, another census was not taken until 1926. The next census was taken in 1936. Starting in 1946, censuses were taken every five years through 1971. Since 1971, censuses have been taken every ten years. | ||
=== Availability === | === Availability of Census Fragments === | ||
Only parts of the early civil censuses survive. The censuses from 1821 through 1851 were mostly destroyed in the 1922 fire at the Public Record Office in Dublin. The censuses from 1861 through 1891 were destroyed by the government sometime after statistics had been compiled from them. For more information see the Family History Library reference guide ''Register of Ireland Census & Census Substitutes'' (FHL book 941.5 X23c) or see [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library]]. | Only parts of the early civil censuses survive. The censuses from 1821 through 1851 were mostly destroyed in the 1922 fire at the Public Record Office in Dublin. The censuses from 1861 through 1891 were destroyed by the government sometime after statistics had been compiled from them. For more information see the Family History Library reference guide ''Register of Ireland Census & Census Substitutes'' (FHL book 941.5 X23c) or see [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library]]. | ||
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The 1901 census is the first complete census available for Ireland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are available to the public and are now [http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/ online], but all censuses taken since 1911 are not. The 1821 to 1851 censuses are divided by county, barony, civil parish, and townland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are divided by county, electoral division, and townland. | The 1901 census is the first complete census available for Ireland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are available to the public and are now [http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/ online], but all censuses taken since 1911 are not. The 1821 to 1851 censuses are divided by county, barony, civil parish, and townland. The 1901 and 1911 censuses are divided by county, electoral division, and townland. | ||
Because many of the earlier censuses are not available, census substitutes are especially useful for Ireland. These include tax, religous and poll lists among others. See the below section on census substitutes for more information on census substititues. | Because many of the earlier censuses are not available, census substitutes are especially useful for Ireland. These include tax, religous and poll lists among others. See the below section on census substitutes for more information on census substititues. | ||
=== Content === | === Content === | ||
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Online access to the 1821-1851 census fragments is through: | Online access to the 1821-1851 census fragments is through: | ||
*The [http://www.censusfinder.com/ireland.htm Census Finder] website for Ireland | *The [http://www.censusfinder.com/ireland.htm Census Finder] website for Ireland | ||
*FamilySearch.org which has [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/show?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog-search-api%3A8080%2Fwww-catalogapi-webservice%2Fitem%2F4316 certified copies of extracts] from the 1821, 1841, 1851 census | *FamilySearch.org which has [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/show?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog-search-api%3A8080%2Fwww-catalogapi-webservice%2Fitem%2F4316 certified copies of extracts] from the 1821, 1841, 1851 census | ||
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#Click '''View Film Notes''' to find the film numbers. | #Click '''View Film Notes''' to find the film numbers. | ||
See also [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library]]. | See also [[Ireland Census fragments available at the Family History Library]]. | ||
=== Searching Census Records === | === Searching Census Records === | ||