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| | Land records can help you determine where and when your family lived in a specific place. Sometimes these records will be based on inheritance, and such records will often mention two or more generations of a family. In Scotland the land system had feudal roots in which the crown owned all of the land. |
| |Country=Scotland
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| |Name=Scotland
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| |Topic Type=Records
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| |Records=Land and Property
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| |Rating=Standardized
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| |[[Image:Cottage, Pitmedden Garden - geograph.org.uk - 507812.jpg|thumb|right|350x250px|<center>Cottage, Pitmedden Garden - geograph.org.uk - 507812<center>]]
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| ==Online Resources==
| | In general, there are three types of Scottish land records: |
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| *'''1222-1967''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62646/ UK and Ireland, Families of Historic Properties, 1222-1967] at Ancestry — index & images ($) | | *[[Service of Heirs or Retours|Service of Heirs or Retours]] |
| *'''1873''' [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/scotland-return-of-owners-of-land-1873 Scotland, Return of Owners of Land 1873] at Findmypast — index & images ($)
| | *[[Sasines|Sasines]] |
| *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/scotland-dundee-and-forfarshire-angus-valuation-rolls-1823-1938 Scotland, Dundee & Forfarshire (Angus) Valuation Rolls 1823-1938] at Findmypast - index ($)
| | *[[Deeds|Deeds]] |
| *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=34579 Scotland of Register of Deeds Index, Vll, 1667] ($)
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| *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1925 Perth, Scotland, Register of Deeds, 1566 - 1811] ($)
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| *[http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/Content/Help/index.aspx?r=554&2080 Scotland Valuation Rolls, 1854+], index ($).
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| *[http://www.nas.gov.uk/ National Archives of Scotland] Look at the "Guides to Records".
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| *[http://www.nas.gov.uk/ National Archives of Scotland] Look at the "Guides to Records and Google Books"] | |
| *[http://archive.rhass.org.uk/ Royal Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland] Searchable Transactions Reports published from 1799 to 1968, contain many interesting and valuable accounts of agricultural experiments and improvements. The Transactions of the Society also contain many references to crafting.
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| *[digital-volumes/ Ordnance Survey Name Books]
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| *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/scotland-burgess-and-guild-brethren-indexScotland, Burgess & Guild Brethren Index] at Findmypast - index ($) | |
| *[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/70880/ Web: Scotland, Registers of Deeds, 1619-1859] at Ancestry - index ($)
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| ==Scotland Land and Property== | | === For More Information === |
| Land records can help you determine where and when your family lived in a specific place. Sometimes these records will be based on inheritance, and such records will often mention two or more generations of a family. In Scotland the land system had feudal roots in which the crown owned all of the land.
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| ===Jurisdictions===
| | For more information about sasine, service of heir, deeds, and other Scottish land and property records, see the following website and books: |
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| Many courts were involved in actions regarding land. Some of the most important courts were:
| | National Archives of Scotland [http://www.nas.gov.uk] Look at the "Guides to Records". |
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| *Chancery Courts | | Dobson, David. ''Scottish-American Heirs 1683-1883.'' Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1990. (Family History Library[http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=941+D2d book 941 D2d].) |
| *Court of Session
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| *Sheriff Courts
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| *Burgh Courts
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| *Commissary Courts
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| *Regality Courts
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| ===Property-related Records=== | | ''Encyclopedia of the Laws of Scotland.'' 16 vols and 2 supps. Edinburgh, Scotland: W. Green & Son, Limited, 1926. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=941+P36e book 941 P36e].) |
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| In general, there are four types of Scottish land and property records, explained in the following articles:
| | Gibb, Andrew Dewar. ''Students’ Glossary of Scottish Legal Terms.'' Edinburgh, Scotland: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1946. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=138057&disp=Students%27+glossary+of+Scottish+legal+t%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 941 P36g].) |
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| *[[Service of Heirs or Retours|Service of Heirs or Retours]]
| | Gouldesbrough, Peter. ''Formulary of Old Scots Legal Documents.'' Vol. 36. Edinburgh, Scotland: The Stair Society, 1985. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=437197&disp=Formulary+of+old+Scots+legal+documents%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 941 B4st v.36].) |
| *[[Sasines|Sasines]]
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| *[[Scotland Deeds|Deeds]] | |
| *[[Scotland Estate Records|Estate Records]]<br>
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| ===Valuation Rolls=== | | ''An Introductory Survey of the Sources and Literature of Scots Law.'' Vol. 1. The Stair Society. Edinburgh, Scotland: Robert Maclehose & Co., Ltd. for The Stair Society, 1936. (Family History Library[http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248949&disp=An+Introductory+survey+of+the+sources+an%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 941 B4st; film 1426033].) |
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| Taxes were determined by the value of the land. These records are called 'valuation rolls' and exist sporadically before 1855. The book entitled "Directory of Landownership in Scotland circa 1770" is based in part on the valuation rolls for that year. The FS Library has only a few of these records and most are listed in the NAS online catalog with the reference of VR. To learn more about these records go to http://www.nas.gov.uk/guides/valuationRolls.asp<br>
| | Sinclair, Cecil. ''Tracing Your Scottish Ancestors: A Guide to Ancestry Research in the Scottish Record Office.'' Edinburgh, Scotland: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1990. (Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=941+D27s book 941 D27s].) |
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| ===Ultimus Haeres===
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| If a person died 'intestate' (without leaving a document for probate) and had no known heirs, the Crown was the 'last heir' or 'ultimus haeres.' There is no succession to or through the mother for either heritable or moveable property. If the deceased has only relatives on his mother's side of the family, including half-brothers and sisters, they could not directly inherit. However, relatives could '''petition''' the Crown to inherit a portion of an estate. Location of these petitions are handled as follows:
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| *Grants of petitions for moveable property before 1834 were recorded under the Privy Seal. Indexes survive in various forms including minute books.
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| *Grants of petitions for heritable property before 1834 are sporadic and unindexed.
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| *Records since 1834 are more consistent and complete and are indexed by the name of the deceased.
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| *The petitions are part of the collection of the Exchequer (NAS online catalogue reference E).
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| *The FamilySearch Library does not have the petitions on microfilm.<br>
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| ===Land Records ''Tailzies'' (entail)===
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| *Research use
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| To obtain names and residence and relationship of those who inherited land after death of individuals. They supplement parish register information.
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| *Record type
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| Settlement of heritable property inalienably on a specified line of heirs, not heirs at law.
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| *Time period
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| 1688 to 1952
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| *Contents
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| Information on distribution of lands, names, relationships, and pedigrees of land holders.
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| '''Location'''
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| National Archives of Scotland<br>
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| H.M. General Register House<br>
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| Edinburgh<br>
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| Scotland EH1 3YY<br>
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| Population coverage: 20%.
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| Reliability: These records are highly accurate because they were recorded by a government agency.<ref>The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Scotland,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1988-2001.</ref>
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| ===Land Records ''Hornings'' (diligence)===
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| *Research use
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| To locate information on debtors and their land transactions.
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| *Record type
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| Land records of debtors, their heritable estates, and actions against them.
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| *Time period
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| 1579 to 1868.
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| *Contents
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| Information on debtors, their heirs, and distribution of their property.
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| '''Location'''
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| National Archives of Scotland<br>
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| H.M. General Register House<br>
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| Edinburgh<br>
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| Scotland EH1 3YY<br>
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| Population coverage: 10%.
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| Reliability: These records are highly accurate because they were recorded by a government agency.<ref>The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Russia,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1996-2001.</ref>
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| ===Books===
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| For more information about sasine, service of heir, deeds, and other Scottish land and property records, see the following books:
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| Dobson, David. '<nowiki/>'''Scottish-American Heirs 1683-1883.'''' Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1990. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|941 D2d|disp=book 941 D2d}}.)
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| '<nowiki/>'''Encyclopedia of the Laws of Scotland.''''16 vols and 2 supps. Edinburgh, Scotland: W. Green & Son, Limited, 1926. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|941 P36e|disp=book 941 P36e}}.)
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| Gibb, Andrew Dewar. '<nowiki/>'''Students’ Glossary of Scottish Legal Terms.'''' Edinburgh, Scotland: W. Green & Son, Ltd., 1946. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|138057|title-id|disp=book 941 P36g}}.)
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| Gouldesbrough, Peter. '<nowiki/>'''Formulary of Old Scots Legal Documents.'''' Vol. 36. Edinburgh, Scotland: The Stair Society, 1985. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|437197|title-id|disp=book 941 B4st v.36}}.)
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| '<nowiki/>'''An Introductory Survey of the Sources and Literature of Scots Law.'''' Vol. 1. The Stair Society. Edinburgh, Scotland: Robert Maclehose & Co., Ltd. for The Stair Society, 1936. (FamilySearch Library{{FSC|248949|title-id|disp=book 941 B4st; film 1426033}}.)
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| Sinclair, Cecil. '<nowiki/>'''Tracing Your Scottish Ancestors: A Guide to Ancestry Research in the Scottish Record Office.'''' Edinburgh, Scotland: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1990. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|941 D27s|disp=book 941 D27s}}.)
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| {{Template:Pros-Scot}}
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| {{Place|Scotland}}
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| [[Category:Scotland Land and Property]][[Category:Scotland]][[Category:Land and Property]]
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