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{{breadcrumb | link1=[[Norway_Genealogy|Norway]] | link2= | link3= | link4= | link5=[[Norway Languages|Languages]] }} == Description == Most of the people in Norway speak Norwegian, a North Germanic language closely related to Danish and Swedish. There are two official variants of the language, ''Bokmål'' (also called ''Riksmål'') strongly influenced by Danish; and a more rural version, ''Nynorsk'', based Ivar Aasen's work to develop a standard Norwegian language (''Landsmål'') based on local dialects. There are also many regional dialects which may be encountered when researching in printed materials. In addition to the two versions of Norwegian, Norway has several recognized regional or minority languages, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_languages Sámi] (Northern, Lule, and Southern dialects), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kven_language Kven], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language Romani], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandoromani_language Scandoromani] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Sign_Language Norwegian Sign Language]. Most materials used in Norwegian research are written in Danish or Norwegian. Although you do not need to speak or read these languages to do research, you do need some knowledge of the language to understand the records. You may also find some Latin words in Norwegian records. A list of words in various local dialects found in local histories can be found at [[Norwegian Dialect Word List]]. == Word Lists == *[[Norwegian Genealogical Word List]] *[[Norwegian Dialect Word List]] *[[Norwegian Medical Terms]] *[[Latin Genealogical Word List]] ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== ===Norwegian Alphabet=== {| width="50%" |- |style="vertical-align:top" width="15%"| {| class="wikitable" ! Letter !! Pronunciation |- | A || [ a ] as in car |- | B || [ b ] as in buy |- | C || before i,e,y [ s ] as in circus <br> before a,o,u [ k ] as in camping |- | D || [ d ] as in dog |- | E || [ e ] as in get |- | F || [ f ] as in fine |- | G || [ g ] as in girl |- | H || [ h ] as in hat |- | I || [ i ] as in ski |- | J || [ y ] as in yes |- | K || [ k ] as in kite |- | L || [ l ] as in live |- | M || [ m ] as in map |- | N || [ n ] as in now |- | O || [ o ] as in school |- | P || [ p ] as in pen |- | Q || [ kv ] as in quiz |- | R || [ ɽ ] like a Scottish r |- | S || [ s ] as in see |- | T || [ t ] as in tea |- | U || [ u ] as in flu |- | V || [ v ] as in violin |- | W || [ v ] as in violin |- | X || [ ks ] as in tax |- | Y || [ y ] as in syrup |- | Z || [ z ] as in zoom |- |} |style="vertical-align:top" width="25%"| '''Other Letters''' {| class="wikitable" ! Letter !! Pronunciation |- | Æ || [ a ] as in sad |- | Ø || [ u ] as in burn |- | Å || [ aw ] as in saw |- |} |} == Language Aids and Dictionaries == *[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-norwegian/ Cambridge Dictionary English-Norwegian] *[https://en.bab.la/dictionary/norwegian-english/ bab.la Norwegian-English Dictioanry] *[https://www.norwegianclass101.com/norwegian-dictionary/ Norwegian Class 101.com Norwegian Dictionary] *[https://naob.no/ Det Norske Akademis Ordbok] - online Norwegian dictionary == Additional Resources == *Bråtveit, Kari, ''Norwegian dictionary : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', London : Routledge, [2015?], available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-dictionary-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/931597967&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org] *Holland, J Gill, ''Norwegian dictionary & phrasebook : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', New York : Hippocrene Books, ©2003., available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-dictionary-phrasebook-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/52493347&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org]v *Žiūkaitė-Hansen, Laura, ''Norwegian practical dictionary : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', New York : Hippocrene Books, ©2011., available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-practical-dictionary-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/149550276&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org] *Omniglot: [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/norwegian.htm Norwegian language, alphabet and pronounciation], [http://www.omniglot.com/books/language/norwegian.htm Norwegian language learning material] *Norgesskolen: [http://www.norgesskolen.no/ Norwegian Summer School] - two week school in language in culture *Concordia Language Villages: [http://www.concordialanguagevillages.org/youth-languages/norwegian-language-village Norwegian] [[Category:Norway Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]